Medieval Christianity by Madigan, Kevin -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Title Page Copyright Dedication Contents List of Illustrations, Maps, and Plans Preface Acknowledgments I. Early Christianity, ca. 150–600

1. Pivotal Moments in Early Christianity

Nemesis: The Challenge of Gnosticism Marcion and Marcionism Montanus and Montanism The Emergence of Normative Christianity: Creed, Council, Clergy The Roman State and Persecution Constantine Augustine of Hippo The End of Ancient Christianity

II. Early-Medieval Christianity, ca. 600–1050

2. Beginnings: The Conversion of the West and the Emergence of Celtic Christianity

Bishop Ulfilas and the Conversion of the Arian Kingdoms The Conversion of the Franks Male and Female Ascetics in Gaul: The “Double Monastery” Ireland and St. Patrick (ca. 390–ca. 461) Early Irish Christianity and the Emergence of Celtic Christianity

3. Foundations: Monasticism, the Papacy, and Mission

“The Finest Teacher of the Ascetical Life”: Benedict of Nursia and Benedictine Monasticism The Monastery and the Mundane “Consul of God”: Pope St. Gregory, “the Great” The Anglo-Saxon Mission The Venerable Bede The Lindisfarne Gospels The Synod of Whitby (664) British Missionaries on the Continent

4. Holy Empire? Christianity, Charlemagne, and the Carolingians

The Hammer: Charles Martel The Iconoclastic Controversy and Its Consequences Covenant of Kingdom and Papacy New Constantine: Charlemagne and the Church New Athens: Aachen and Its Culture Collapse of Empire

5. Parochial Life and the Proprietary Church, ca. 700–1050

The Proprietary Church Physical Dimensions of Church Buildings and “Parishes” Clerical Education and Lay Catechesis Liturgy and Sacraments Preaching Sacramentals, Parallel Liturgies, and the Question of “Superstition” A “Folkloristic” Culture?

6. Christians and Jews, ca. 400–1100

Roman Law Jews in the Visigothic Kingdoms The Ostrogoths, Imperial Rule, and the Lombards Early Frankish and Carolingian Era

7. Islam and Western Christianity, ca. 600–1450

The Life of Christians under Muslim Rule “Reconquest” The Idea of the Crusade The First Crusade Iter Sancti Sepulchri: On the Road to Jerusalem Western Christian Views of Islam, ca. 700–1450

III. High-Medieval Christianity, ca. 1050–1300

8. Libertas Ecclesiae: The Age of Reform, ca. 1050–1125

Monastic Reform Cluny and Papal Reform The Role of the New Testament Moderate Papal Reform, 1050–1075 Developments in Canon Law Kings and Episcopal Grace: Investiture The Norman Alliance Gregory VII and Empire The Conflict of Papacy and Empire, 1075–1100 The Pamphlet War and Compromise Consequences of Reform

9. Religiosi: Monks and Nuns in the Monastic Centuries

The Anchoritic Life Julian of Norwich The Desert Tradition Revived Carthusians Female Carthusians Wandering Hermits, Women, and Fontevrault Gilbert and the Order of Sempringham Regular Canons Premonstratensians Premonstratensian Women To the Letter of the Rule: The Cistercian Adventure Cistercian Women

10. Heresy and Its Repression

Radical Gregorians Cathars Waldensians Repression: Crusade Repression: Inquisition

11. Dominicans and Their Sisters

Dominic and the Dominicans Learning Beguines, Dominican Sisters, and the Friars Preachers Hounds of the Lord: Inquisitors Masters

12. Fraticelli: Franciscans and Their Sisters

The Lives of Francis Lesser Brothers Clare Mission, Dismay, and Death The Pastoral Mission to the Cities Conflict and Controversy, 1226–1274 Emergence of the Spirituals and Joachites Guglielma of Milan Secular-Mendicant Controversy Bonaventure Olivi and the Controversy over “Poor Use” Shock: Papal Suppression

13. The Philosopher, the Fathers, and the Faith: Scholasticism and the University

Monastic Schools Urban Schools A History of Calamity: Abelard and Heloise The University Teaching and Learning Aristotle and Scholasticism Universities and the Mendicants Thomas Aquinas The Aristotelian Crisis Scholasticism and Gothic Architecture

14. The Bid for Papal Monarchy

Vicar of Christ: Innocent III Lord or Shepherd? Innocent’s Petrine Doctrine Instruments of Papal Power Causes of Papal Resentment

15. To “Deepen Understanding”: Means of Christianization, 1050–1250

Learning through Texts Instruction through Worship Liturgical Drama The Pictorial and the Pedagogical Piety and Processions Religious Drama Preaching The “Revolution in Pastoral Care,” 1200–1250 Fraternities, Guilds, and Charities The Meaning of Marriage Money and Morality

16. Devotion: Saints, Relics, and Pilgrimage

The Saint and Ideals of Sanctity Specialization The Shrine and the Supernatural Theological Issues and Problems of Authority Calendars and Feast Days Relics: Theft, Translation, Invention Pilgrimage Jerusalem Rome Santiago de Compostela Conques: Ste. Foy Canterbury: Thomas Tours: Martin “Virgin Most Powerful”: The Special Place of Mary Critique

17. A Lachrymose Age: Christians and Jews, 1096–1492

The Crusades Anti-Semitic Myths Caricature and Iconography The Medieval Passion Play Innocent III and the Fourth Lateran Council Money Lending and Usury Talmud Disputations and Talmud Burnings Disputation at Barcelona Expulsions and Massacre “Enough unto Our Sufferings”: Spain

IV. Later-Medieval Christianity, ca. 1300–1500

18. Dark Ages? Popes and Councils, ca. 1300–1450

The Clash between Boniface VIII and Philip IV The Avignon Papacy, 1309–1378 Catherine of Siena The Great Schism, 1378–1417 The Emergence of the Conciliar Solution Later Councils The Restoration Papacy

19. “Morning Stars” or Heretics? Wyclif, Hus, and Followers

John Wyclif: Life and Thought The Lollards Hus, Bohemia, and the Hussite Revolution Radicalization in Prague

20. Late-Medieval Contours of Reform, 1380–1500

Partial Reform Local and Provincial Reform Florentine Humanism and the Early Renaissance Savonarola and Florence The Sisters and Brothers of the Common Life Nicholas of Cusa’s Papally Sponsored Reform Francisco Ximénez de Cisneros and the Reform of the Spanish Church

21. Late-Medieval Piety and Its Problems

The Flowering of Mysticism in the Later Middle Ages Sybil of the Rhine: Hildegard of Bingen Books of Hours “Certain Mansions”: Purgatory The Mass and the Eucharist The Facere Doctrine

Chronology Notes Glossary Index

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