[Gutenberg 49335] • Conservation of marine birds of northern North America: / papers from the international symposium held at the Seattle Hyatt House by Unknown -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

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CONSERVATION OF MARINE BIRDS OF NORTHERN NORTH AMERICA Papers from the International Symposium held at the Seattle Hyatt House, Seattle, Washington, 13-15 May 1975 Contents Foreword Introduction MARINE ENVIRONMENT OF BIRDS

Long-term Climatic and Oceanographic Cycles Regulating Seabird Distributions and Numbers

Abstract Small-scale or Short-term Influences Detecting the Effects of Long-term Cycles Conclusions

Sea Ice as a Factor in Seabird Distribution and Ecology in the Beaufort, Chukchi, and Bering Seas

Abstract General Effects of Ice on Birds Specific Effects of Ice on Birds in the Western Arctic Discussion References FOOTNOTES:

STATUS OF MARINE BIRD POPULATIONS

Distribution and Status of Marine Birds Breeding Along the Coasts of the Chukchi and Bering Seas

Abstract Information Base Status and Distribution Conclusions and Recommendations References FOOTNOTES:

Breeding Distribution and Status of Marine Birds in the Aleutian Islands, Alaska

Abstract Ornithological Investigations in the Aleutians Methods Status and Distribution of Breeding Seabirds Recommendations Acknowledgments References FOOTNOTES:

The Historical Status of Nesting Seabirds of the Northern and Western Gulf of Alaska

Abstract Summary of the Historical Record Current Status Conclusions References

Status and Distribution of Breeding Seabirds of Southeastern Alaska, British Columbia, and Washington

Abstract Taxonomic Distribution of Marine Birds Southeastern Alaska British Columbia Washington State Nest-site Preferences Population Changes Discussion References FOOTNOTES:

THE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF MARINE BIRDS IN THE NORTH

Trophic Relations of Seabirds in the Northeastern Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea

Abstract Diets of Seabirds in Western North America Trophic Relations Within Seabird Communities Trophic Relations and Seabird Conservation Recommendations for Further Research Acknowledgments References FOOTNOTES:

Population Dynamics in Northern Marine Birds

Abstract Population Fluctuations Theoretical Considerations General Characteristics of Marine Birds and Waterfowl Use of General Principles in Solving Conservation Problems Goals for Research on Population Dynamics of Seabirds for Purposes of Conservation The Relation of the Products of Biological Research to Programs for Conservation of Marine Bird Resources References

Time-Energy Use and Life History Strategies of Northern Seabirds

Abstract Cost of Living Time-energy Use Beyond the Cost of Living Annual Time and Energy Budgets Life History Strategies Conclusions References FOOTNOTES:

Zoogeography and Taxonomic Relationships of Seabirds in Northern North America

Abstract FOOTNOTES:

CONFLICTS BETWEEN THE CONSERVATION OF MARINE BIRDS AND USES OF OTHER RESOURCES

Social and Economic Values of Marine Birds

Abstract Historical Perspective Social and Economic Indicators Conclusions References FOOTNOTES:

Resource Development Along Coasts and on the Ocean Floor: Potential Conflicts with Marine Bird Conservation

Abstract The Region and its Avifauna Current and Planned Resource Development Assessment of Resource Development and Potential Conflicts with Marine Bird Conservation Conclusions References

Mortality to Marine Birds Through Commercial Fishing

Abstract Inshore Fisheries Atlantic Offshore Gill-net Fishery Pacific Offshore Salmon Gill-net Fishery Mortality of Albatrosses Long-term Effects of Developing Capelin Fishery in Northwest Atlantic References FOOTNOTES:

Interactions Among Marine Birds and Commercial Fish in the Eastern Bering Sea

Abstract Commercial Fish Resources of the Eastern Bering Sea Routes of Interaction Between Marine Birds and Commercial Fish Abundance and Feeding Habits of Marine Birds in the Eastern Bering Sea Predation by Marine Birds Aspects of the Life Histories of Fish Related to Predation by Marine Birds Influence of Growth Rate and Adult Size of Fish on the Extent of Predation Competition Between Commercial Fish and Marine Birds Dependency of Marine Birds on Commercial Fish Environmental Influence on Predation and Competition Between Marine Birds and Commercial Fish Possible Influences of Man on the Interaction of Marine Birds with Commercial Fish Conclusions Acknowledgments References FOOTNOTES:

Interrelations Between Seabirds and Introduced Animals

Abstract Animal Introductions Conclusions References FOOTNOTES:

Oil Vulnerability Index for Marine Oriented Birds

Abstract Methods Results Discussion References

PROGRAMS AND AUTHORITIES RELATED TO MARINE BIRD CONSERVATION

Programs and Authorities Related to Marine Bird Conservation in Washington State

Abstract

Programs and Authorities of the Province of British Columbia Related to Marine Bird Conservation

Abstract

Petroleum Industry's Role in Marine Bird Conservation

Abstract Biological Problems People Problems Contingency Planning What Has Been Accomplished Marine Mammals Conclusions References

CONSERVATION OF MARINE BIRDS IN OTHER LANDS

Conservation of Marine Birds in New Zealand

Abstract Conservation Measures Conclusions Acknowledgments References

Marine Birds in the Danish Monarchy and Their Conservation

Abstract Seabirds in Denmark The Faroe Islands Greenland References FOOTNOTES:

Present Status and Trends in Population of Seabirds in Norway

Abstract Material and Methods Results Estimates of Total Seabird Population in Norway Discussion Conclusion Acknowledgments References FOOTNOTES:

SYMPOSIUM SUMMARY

Conservation of Marine Birds of Northern North America—A Summary

Magnitude and Importance of the Resource Characteristics of the Resource Ecology and Functioning of the Resource Vulnerability of the Resource Past Damage to the Resource Major Threats to the Bird Populations Practicability of Conservation Conservation Needs for North Pacific Seabirds A Rationale for Conservation Economic Feasibility of Conservation Conclusions Summary

APPENDIX Papers and Oral Summaries Presented at the Symposium but Which Do Not Appear in this Publication

FOOTNOTES:

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES

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