Type Inheritance and Relational Theory_10 by Date, C.J. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Page Title Page Copyright Page About the Author Contents Preface Foreword Part I: Preliminaries

Chapter 1: Background

Inheritance arises naturally A fundamental concept The suppliers-and-parts database A little history Exercises Answers

Chapter 2: Types without Inheritance

Values vs. variables What’s a type? Scalar vs. nonscalar types Types vs. representations The TYPE statement Operators Type generators Miscellaneous issues Concluding remarks Exercises Answers

Chapter 3: Types with Inheritance

Why inheritance? Toward a model of inheritance Single vs. multiple inheritance Scalars, tuples, and relations The running example More terminology Substitutability A BNF grammar More terminology bis Concluding remarks Exercises Answers

Chapter 4: The Inheritance Model

The IM prescriptions

Part II: Scalar Types, Single Inheritance

Chapter 5: Basic Definitions

IM Prescription 1: Types are sets IM Prescription 2: Subtypes are subsets IM Prescription 3: “Subtype of” is reflexive IM Prescription 4: “Subtype of” is transitive IM Prescription 5: Proper and immediate subtypes and supertypes IM Prescription 6: Scalar root and leaf types IM Prescription 7: Disjoint and overlapping types Exercises Answers

Chapter 6: Scalar Values with Inheritance

IM Prescription 8: Common subtypes and supertypes Common subtypes Common supertypes Intersection types vs. union types Concluding remarks Exercises Answers

Chapter 7: Scalar Variables with Inheritance

IM Prescription 9: Model of a scalar variable Inclusion polymorphism Implementation versions Code reuse Overloading polymorphism Substitutability Exercises Answers

Chapter 8: Specialization by Constraint etc.

IM Prescription 10: Specialization by constraint Specialization constraints Specialization by constraint IM Prescription 11: Assignment with inheritance Generalization by constraint Concluding remarks Exercises Answers

Chapter 9: Equality Comparisons etc.

IM Prescription 12: Equality with inheritance IM Prescription 13: Join etc. with inheritance Equivalence of expressions Exercises Answers

Chapter 10: Treating and Type Testing

IM Prescription 14: TREAT IM Prescription 15: Type testing Exercises Answers

Chapter 11: Substitutability

IM Prescription 16: Value substitutability IM Prescription 17: Operator signatures IM Prescription 18: Read-only parameters to update operators IM Prescription 19: Variable substitutability Exercises Answers

Chapter 12: Union and Dummy Types

IM Prescription 20: Union and dummy types etc. Union types Dummy types Types alpha and omega Exercises Answers

Chapter 13: Interlude: The S by C Controversy

The three out of four “rule” What does inheritance really mean? Benefits of S by C What about objects? Some implementation considerations Postscript: A note on foreign keys

Part III: Scalar Types, Multiple Inheritance

Chapter 14: An Overview of Multiple Inheritance

The running example Possible representations Possible representations continued Operators Type graphs Two remarks on operator inheritance IM Prescriptions 1-7 revisited Type definitions Exercises Answers

Chapter 15: IM Prescriptions 8 - 9 Revisited

Least specific common subtypes Most specific types Leaf types Most specific common supertypes Overlapping regular types An extended example Model of a scalar variable Exercises Answers

Chapter 16: IM Prescriptions 10 - 20 Revisited

IM Prescriptions 10-15 IM Prescriptions 16-20 Exercises Answers

Part IV: Tuple and Relation Inheritance

Chapter 17: Tuple / Relation Values with Inheritance

Tuple / relation prescriptions IM Prescription 21: Empty types IM Prescription 22: Tuple / relation subtypes and supertypes IM Prescription 23: Proper and immediate tuple / relation subtypes and supertypes Exercises Answers

Chapter 18: Tuple / Relation Values with Inheritance (cont.)

IM Prescription 24: Common tuple / relation subtypes and supertypes Common tuple subtypes Common tuple supertypes Common relation subtypes Common relation supertypes Closing remarks Exercises Answers

Chapter 19: Tuple / Relation Maximal and Minimal Types etc.

IM Prescription 25: Tuple / relation maximal and minimal types IM Prescription 26: Tuple / relation root and leaf types Exercises Answers

Chapter 20: Tuple / Relation Variables with Inheritance

IM Prescription 27: Tuple / relation most specific types IM Prescription 28: Model of a tuple / relation variable IM Prescriptions 11-15 revisited Exercises Answers

Part V: Other Approaches

Chapter 21: Structural Inheritance

An introductory example Tuple types, values, and variables Subtables and supertables Scalar types revisited Structural inheritance for scalar types using the Manifesto model Postscript: A survey of the literature Exercises Answers

Chapter 22: Inheritance in SQL

SQL scalar types without inheritance SQL nonscalar types without inheritance The SQL approach to inheritance

Appendixes

Appendix A: Encapsulation Is a Red Herring

What does encapsulation mean? But what about ad hoc query? We don’t always want encapsulation Scalar vs. nonscalar types Summary

Appendix B: Persistence Not Orthogonal to Type

POTT violates data independence POTT causes additional complexity Concluding remarks Postscript: The first and second manifestos

Appendix C Glossary of Terms

Footnotes

Preface Chapter 1: Background Chapter 2: Types without Inheritance Chapter 3: Types with Inheritance Chapter 5: Basic Definitions Chapter 6: Scalar Values with Inheritance Chapter 7: Scalar Variables with Inheritance Chapter 8: Specialization by Constraint etc. Chapter 9: Equality Comparisons etc. Chapter 10: Treating and Type Testing Chapter 11: Substitutability Chapter 12: Union and Dummy Types Chapter 13: Interlude: The S by C Controversy Chapter 14: An Overviewof Multiple Inheritance Chapter 15: IM Prescriptions 8–9 Revisited Chapter 16: IM Prescriptions 10–20 Revisited Chapter 17: Tuple/Relation Values with Inheritance Chapter 18: Tuple / Relation Valueswith Inheritance (cont.) Chapter 19: Tuple / Relation Maximaland Minimal Typesetc. Chapter 20: Tuple / Relation Variables with Inheritance Chapter 21: Structural Inheritance Chapter 22: Inheritance in SQL Appendix A: Encapsulation Isa Red Herring Appendix B: Persistence Not Orthogonal to Type

Index Type Inheritance and Relational Theory

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