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Index
Cover
Media Center Information
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Foreword by Lawrence M. Ross, Brian R. MacPherson, and Anne M. Gilroy
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the First Edition
A Note on the Use of Latin Terminology
Acknowledgments
Dedication
Structure and Development of Organ Systems
1 Body Cavities
1.1 Definitions, Overview, and Evolution of Body Cavities
1.2 Organogenesis and the Development of Body Cavities
1.3 Compartmentalization of the Coeloma Intraembryonicum
1.4 Organization and Architecture of Body Cavities
2 Cardiovascular System
2.1 Overview and Basic Wall Structure
2.2 Terminal Vessels and Overview of the Major Blood Vessels
2.3 Cardiogenic Area, Development of the Heart Tube
2.4 Development of the Inner Chambers of the Heart and Fate of the Sinus Venosus
2.5 Cardiac Septation (Formation of Septa Interatriale, Interventriculare, and Aorticopulmonale)
2.6 Pre- and Postnatal Circulation and Common Congenital Heart Defects
3 Respiratory System
3.1 Overview of the Respiratory System
3.2 Development of the Larynx, Trachea, and Lungs
3.3 Lung Development and Maturation
4 Digestive System
4.1 Overview of the Digestive System
4.2 Development and Differentiation of the Gastrointestinal Tract
4.3 Mesenteria and Primordia of the Digestive Organs in the Caudal Praeenteron Region; Stomach Rotation
4.4 Stomach Rotation and Organ Location in the Caudal Praeenteron Region; Formation of the Bursa Omentalis
4.5 Rotation of the Intestinal Loop and Development of Mesenteron and Metenteron Derivatives
4.6 Summary of the Development of the Mesenteron and Metenteron; Developmental Anomalies
5 Urinary System
5.1 Overview of the Urinary System
5.2 Development of the Renes, Pelvis Renalis, and Ureteres
5.3 Development of Nephrons, and the Vesica Urinaria and Ureteres; Developmental Anomalies
6 Genital System
6.1 Overview of the Genital System
6.2 Development of the Gonadae
6.3 Development of the Ductus Genitales
6.4 Comparison of Gender Differences and Relationship to the Urinary System
6.5 Comparison of Embryonic and Mature Structures
7 Lymphatic System
7.1 Overview of the Lymphatic System
7.2 Lymphatic Drainage Pathways
8 Endocrine System
8.1 Overview of the Endocrine System
8.2 Metabolism and Feedback Loop Regulation in the Endocrine System
9 Autonomic Nervous System
9.1 The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
9.2 Afferent Pathways of the Autonomic Nervous System and the Enteric Nervous System
Thorax
10 Overview and Diaphragma
10.1 Divisions of the Cavitas Thoracica and Mediastinum
10.2 Diaphragma: Location and Projection onto the Trunk
10.3 Structure and Main Openings
10.4 Innervation, Blood and Lymphatic Vessels
11 Overview of Neurovascular Structures
11.1 Arteries: Aorta Thoracica
11.2 Veins: Vena Cava and Azygos System
11.3 Vasa Lymphatica
11.4 Nodi Lymphoidei Thoracis
11.5 Thoracic Innervation
12 Organs of the Cardiovascular System and their Neurovasculature
12.1 Location of the Heart (Cor) in the Thorax
12.2 Pericardium: Location, Structure, and Innervation
12.3 Cor: Shape and Structure
12.4 Structure of the Cardiac Musculature (Myocardium)
12.5 Cardiac Chambers
12.6 Overview of the Cardiac Valves (Valve Plane and Cardiac Skeleton)
12.7 Cardiac Valves and Auscultation Sites
12.8 Radiographic Appearance of the Cor
12.9 Sonographic Appearance of the Cor: Echocardiography
12.10 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Cor
12.11 Impulse Formation and Conduction System of the Cor; Electrocardiogram
12.12 Mechanical Action of the Cor
12.13 Arteriae Coronariae and Venae cordis: Classification and Topography
12.14 Arteriae Coronariae: Coronary Circulation
12.15 Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) and Heart Attack
12.16 Conventional Coronary Angiography (Heart Catheter Examination)
12.17 Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography (MSCT) Coronary Angiography
12.18 Balloon Dilatation, Aortocoronary Venous and Arterial IMA Bypass
12.19 Lymphatic Drainage of the Cor
12.20 Innervation of the Cor
13 Organs of the Respiratory System and their Neurovasculature
13.1 Lungs: Location in the Thorax
13.2 Cavitates Pleurales
13.3 Boundaries of the Lungs and Pleura Parietalis
13.4 Trachea
13.5 Lungs: Shape and Structure
13.6 Segmentation
13.7 Functional Structure of the Arbor Bronchialis
13.8 Arteriae and Venae Pulmonales
13.9 Rami and Venae Bronchiales
13.10 Functional Structure of the Vascular Tree
13.11 Innervation and Lymphatic Drainage of the Trachea, Arbor Bronchialis, and Lungs
13.12 Respiratory Mechanics
13.13 Radiological Anatomy of the Lungs and Vascular System
13.14 Computed Tomography of the Lungs
14 Oesophagus and Thymus and their Neurovasculature
14.1 Oesophagus: Location and Divisions
14.2 Inlet and Outlet, Opening and Closure
14.3 Wall Structure and Weaknesses
14.4 Arteries and Veins of the Oesophagus
14.5 Lymphatic Drainage of the Oesophagus
14.6 Innervation of the Oesophagus
14.7 Thymus
15 Topographical Anatomy
15.1 Surface Anatomy, Topographical Regions, and Palpable Bony Landmarks
15.2 Anatomical Landmarks of the Skeleton Thoracis (Projection of Organs)
15.3 Structure of the Anterior Thoracic Wall and its Neurovascular Structures
15.4 Thoracic Organs in situ: Anterior, Lateral, and Inferior Views
15.5 Posterior Views
15.6 Cor: Cavitas Pericardiaca
15.7 Overview of the Mediastinum
15.8 Mediastinum Posterius
15.9 Mediastinum Superius
15.10 Arcus Aortae and Apertura Thoracis Superior
15.11 Clinical Aspects: Coarctation of the Aorta
15.12 Aortic Aneurysm
Abdomen and Pelvis
16 Structure of the Cavitas Abdominis and Cavitas Pelvis: Overview
16.1 Architecture, Wall Structure, and Functional Aspects
16.2 Divisions of the Cavitas Abdominis and Cavitas Pelvis
16.3 Classification of Internal Organs Based on their Relationship to the Cavitas Abdominis and Cavitas Pelvis
17 Overview of Neurovascular Structures
17.1 Branches of the Aorta Abdominalis: Overview and Paired Branches
17.2 Unpaired and Indirect Paired Branches
17.3 Inferior Vena Caval System
17.4 Portal Venous System (Vena Portae Hepatis)
17.5 Venous Anastomoses in the Abdomen and Pelvis
17.6 Trunci Lymphatici and Nodi Lymphoidei
17.7 Overview of the Lymphatic Drainage of Abdominal and Pelvic Organs
17.8 Autonomic Ganglia and Plexuses
17.9 Organization of the Partes Sympathica and Parasympathica of the Nervous System
18 Organs of the Digestive System and their Neurovasculature
18.1 Gaster: Location, Shape, Divisions, and Interior View
18.2 Wall Structure and Histology
18.3 Intestinum Tenue: Duodenum
18.4 Jejunum and Ileum
18.5 Intestinum Crassum: Colon Segments
18.6 Wall Structure, Caecum, and Appendix Vermiformis
18.7 Location, Shape, and Interior View of Rectum
18.8 Continence Organ: Structure and Components
18.9 Function
18.10 Disorders of the Canalis Analis: Hemorrhoidal Disease, Anal Abscesses, and Anal Fistulas
18.11 Rectal Carcinoma
18.12 Hepar: Position and Relationship to Adjacent Organs
18.13 Peritoneal Relationships and Shape
18.14 Segmentation and Histology
18.15 Vesica Biliaris and Ductus Biliares: Location and Relationships to Adjacent Organs
18.16 Extrahepatic Ductus Biliares and Ductus Pancreatici
18.17 Pancreas
18.18 Splen
18.19 Branches of the Truncus Coeliacus: Arteries Supplying the Gaster, Hepar, and Vesica Biliaris
18.20 Arteries Supplying the Pancreas, Duodenum, and Splen
18.21 Branches of the Arteria Mesenterica Superior: Arteries Supplying the Pancreas, Intestinum Tenue, and Intestinum Crassum
18.22 Branches of the Arteria Mesenterica Inferior: Arteries Supplying the Intestinum Crassum
18.23 Supply to the Rectum
18.24 Vena Portae Hepatis: Venous Drainage of the Gaster, Duodenum, Pancreas, and Splen
18.25 Venae Mesentericae Superior and Inferior: Venous Drainage of the Intestina Tenue and Crassum
18.26 Branches of the Vena Mesenterica Inferior: Venous Drainage of the Rectum
18.27 Lymphatic Drainage of the Gaster, Splen, Pancreas, Duodenum, and Hepar
18.28 Lymphatic Drainage of the Intestina Tenue and Crassum
18.29 Autonomic Innervation of the Hepar, Vesica Biliaris, Gaster, Duodenum, Pancreas, and Splen
18.30 Autonomic Innervation of the Intestinum: Distribution of the Plexus Mesentericus Superior
18.31 Distribution of the Plexus Mesentericus Inferior and Plexus Hypogastricus Inferior
19 Organs of the Urinary System and their Neurovasculature
19.1 Overview of the Urinary Organs; The Renes in situ
19.2 Renes: Location, Shape, and Structure
19.3 Architecture and Microstructure
19.4 Pelvis Renalis and Urinary Transport
19.5 Glandulae Suprarenales
19.6 Ureteres in situ
19.7 Vesica Urinaria in situ
19.8 Vesica Urinaria, Cervix Vesicae, and Urethra: Wall Structure and Function
19.9 Functional Anatomy of Urinary Continence
19.10 Urethra
19.11 Arteries and Veins of the Renes and Glandulae Suprarenales: Overview
19.12 Variants
19.13 Lymphatic Drainage of the Renes, Glandulae Suprarenales, Ureter, and Vesica Urinaria
19.14 Autonomic Innervation of the Urinary Organs and Glandulae Suprarenales
20 Organs of the Genital System and their Neurovasculature
20.1 Overview of the Genital Tract
20.2 Female Internal Genitalia: Overview
20.3 Topographical Anatomy and Peritoneal Relationships; Shape and Structure
20.4 Wall Structure and Function of the Uterus
20.5 Positions of the Uterus and Vagina
20.6 Epithelial Regions of the Uterus
20.7 Cytologic Smear, Conization; Cervical Carcinoma
20.8 Female Internal Genitalia: Ovary and Follicular Maturation
20.9 Pregnancy and Childbirth
20.10 Male Genitalia: Accessory Sex Glands
20.11 Prostate Tumors: Prostatic Carcinoma, Prostatic Hyperplasia; Cancer Screening
20.12 Male Genitalia: Scrotum, Testis, and Epididymis
20.13 Seminiferous Structures and Ejaculate
20.14 Branches of the Arteria Iliaca Interna: Overview of Arteries Supplying the Pelvic Organs and Pelvic Wall
20.15 Vascularization of the Male Pelvic Organs
20.16 Vascularization of the Female Pelvic Organs
20.17 Vascularization of the Female Internal Genitalia and Vesica Urinaria
20.18 Lymphatic Drainage of the Male and Female Genitalia
20.19 Autonomic Innervation of the Male Genitalia
20.20 Autonomic Innervation of the Female Genitalia
21 Topographical Anatomy
21.1 Surface Anatomy, Topographic Regions, and Palpable Bony Landmarks
21.2 Location of the Abdominal and Pelvic Organs and their Projection onto the Trunk Wall
21.3 Topography of the Opened Cavitas Peritonealis (Supracolic and Infracolic Part)
21.4 Drainage Spaces and Recesses within the Cavitas Peritonealis
21.5 Overview of the Mesenteria
21.6 Topography of the Bursa Omentalis
21.7 Topography of the Upper Abdominal Organs: Hepar, Vesica Biliaris, Duodenum, and Pancreas
21.8 Gaster and Splen
21.9 Cross-Sectional Anatomy of the Upper Abdominal Organs
21.10 Topography of the Intestina Tenue and Crassum
21.11 Radiography of the Intestina Tenue and Crassum
21.12 Topography of the Rectum
21.13 Retroperitoneum: Overview and Divisions
21.14 Peritoneal Relationships
21.15 Organs of the Retroperitoneum
21.16 Location of the Kidneys
21.17 Peritoneal Relationships in the Anterior Abdominal Wall
21.18 Peritoneal Relationships in the Pelvis Minor
21.19 Topography of Pelvic Connective Tissue, Levels of the Cavitas Pelvis, and the Diaphragma Pelvis
21.20 Suspensory Apparatus of the Uterus
21.21 Female Pelvis in situ
21.22 Male Pelvis in situ
21.23 Cross-Sectional Anatomy of the Female Pelvis
21.24 Cross-Sectional Anatomy of the Male Pelvis
Neurovascular Supply to the Organs: A Schematic Approach
22.1 Thymus
22.2 Oesophagus
22.3 Heart
22.4 Pericardium
22.5 Lung and Trachea
22.6 Diaphragma
22.7 Hepar, Vesica Biliaris, and Splen
22.8 Gaster
22.9 Duodenum and Pancreas
22.10 Jejunum and Ileum
22.11 Caecum, Appendix Vermiformis, Colon Ascendens and Transversum
22.12 Colon Descendens and Colon Sigmoideum
22.13 Rectum
22.14 Kidney, Ureter, and Glandula Suprarenalis
22.15 Vesica Urinaria, Prostata, and Glandula Vesiculosa
22.16 Testis, Epididymis, and Ductus Deferens
22.17 Uterus, Tuba Uterina, and Vagina
22.18 Tuba Uterina and Ovarium
Organ Fact Sheets Appendix
23.1 Thymus
23.2 Pericardium
23.3 Cor (Heart)
23.4 Trachea, Bronchi, and Lungs
23.5 Oesphagus
23.6 Gaster (Stomach)
23.7 Intestinum Tenue: Duodenum
23.8 Jejunum and Ileum
23.9 Intestinum Crassum: Caecum with Appendix Vermiformis and Colon
23.10 Rectum
23.11 Hepar (Liver)
23.12 Vesica Biliaris (Gallbladder) and Bile Ducts
23.13 Pancreas
23.14 Splen (Spleen)
23.15 Glandulae Suprarenales (Suprarenal or Adrenal Glands)
23.16 Renes (Kidneys)
23.17 Ureter
23.18 Vesica Urinaria (Urinary Bladder)
23.19 Urethra
23.20 Vagina
23.21 Uterus and Tubae Uterinae (Uterine Tubes)
23.22 Prostata and Glandula Vesiculosa (Seminal Vesicle)
23.23 Epididymis and Ductus Deferens
23.24 Testis
23.25 Ovarium
Appendix
References
Index
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