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Index
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Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
1 Clinical Diagnosis of Autism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
The DSM-IV Field Trial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Alternative Approaches to Classification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Areas of Diagnostic Controversy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Clinical Diagnostic Assessment and
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
2 Evaluation and Testing for Autism. . . . . . . . . . .27
Diagnostic Evaluations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Assessment of Core Autism Spectrum Disorder
Other Critical Domains for Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
3 Treatment of Autism With Selective Serotonin
Mechanism of Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Rationale for Use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Clomipramine . . . . . . .55
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors. . . . . . . . . . . . .57
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors. . . . . . .64
Conclusions and Future Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
4 Treatment of Autism With Anticonvulsants
Comorbid Disorders in Autism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Mechanism of Action of Anticonvulsants . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Clinical Evidence for Anticonvulsant Efficacy
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
5 Treatment of Autism With Antipsychotics. . . . .99
Mechanism of Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Conventional Antipsychotics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Atypical Antipsychotics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116
6 Cholinesterase Inhibitor Therapy in
History of Cholinesterase Inhibitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .122
Cholinergic Mechanisms in Autism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .123
Treatment Experience With Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .127
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
7 Stimulants and Nonstimulants in the
Stimulants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Alpha-Adrenergic Agonists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137
Antidepressants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140
Amantadine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .142
Naltrexone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .143
Antipsychotics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
8 Applied Behavior Analysis in the Treatment
Research on Applied Behavior Analysis and
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