Understanding Research Methods by Mildred L. Patten,Michelle Newhart -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Title Copyright CONTENTS Preface Acknowledgments PART 1 Introduction to Research Methods

1. KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH METHODS 2. EMPIRICAL RESEARCH 3. THE ROLE OF THEORY IN RESEARCH 4. EXPERIMENTAL AND NONEXPERIMENTAL STUDIES 5. CAUSAL-COMPARATIVE STUDIES 6. TYPES OF NONEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 7. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: KEY DIFFERENCES 8. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DECISIONS 9. PROGRAM EVALUATION 10. THE DEVELOPMENT OF ETHICAL RESEARCH STANDARDS 11. ETHICAL PRINCIPLES IN RESEARCH

PART 2 Reviewing and Citing Literature

12. WHY RESEARCHERS REVIEW LITERATURE 13. LOCATING LITERATURE IN ELECTRONIC DATABASES 14. STRUCTURING THE LITERATURE REVIEW 15. CONNECTING THE LITERATURE TO YOUR STUDY 16. PREPARING TO WRITE A CRITICAL REVIEW 17. CREATING A SYNTHESIS 18. WHY ACADEMICS USE CITATION 19. INTRODUCTION TO STYLE GUIDES

PART 3 Basic Concepts in Quantitative Research

20. DECISIONS IN QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN 21. VARIABLES IN NONEXPERIMENTAL STUDIES 22. VARIABLES IN EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES 23. OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS OF VARIABLES 24. RESEARCH HYPOTHESES, PURPOSES, AND QUESTIONS

PART 4 Sampling

25. BIASED AND UNBIASED SAMPLING 26. SIMPLE RANDOM AND SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING 27. STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING 28. CLUSTER SAMPLING 29. NONPROBABILITY SAMPLING AND QUALITATIVE RESEARCH 30. SAMPLING AND DEMOGRAPHICS 31. SAMPLE COMPOSITION AND BIAS 32. SAMPLE SIZE IN QUANTITATIVE STUDIES 33. SAMPLE SIZE AND DIVERSITY IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH 34. SAMPLING IN THE MODERN WORLD

PART 5 Measurement

35. INTRODUCTION TO VALIDITY 36. JUDGMENTAL VALIDITY 37. EMPIRICAL VALIDITY 38. JUDGMENTAL-EMPIRICAL VALIDITY 39. RELIABILITY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO VALIDITY 40. MEASURES OF RELIABILITY 41. INTERNAL CONSISTENCY AND RELIABILITY 42. NORM- AND CRITERION-REFERENCED TESTS 43. MEASURES OF OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE 44. MEASURES OF TYPICAL PERFORMANCE 45. MEASUREMENT IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

PART 6 Qualitative Research Design

46. INTERVIEWS IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH 47. OTHER METHODS FOR COLLECTING QUALITATIVE DATA 48. GROUNDED THEORY AND RESEARCH DESIGN 49. CONSENSUAL QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN 50. DESIGNING CASE STUDY RESEARCH 51. MIXED METHODS DESIGNS

PART 7 Designing Experimental Research

52. TRUE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS 53. THREATS TO INTERNAL VALIDITY 54. THREATS TO EXTERNAL VALIDITY 55. PRE-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS 56. QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS 57. CONFOUNDING IN EXPERIMENTS

PART 8 Analyzing Data: Understanding Statistics

58. DESCRIPTIVE AND INFERENTIAL STATISTICS 59. SCALES OF MEASUREMENT AND STATISTICAL TESTS 60. DESCRIPTIONS OF NOMINAL DATA 61. SHAPES OF DISTRIBUTIONS 62. THE MEAN, MEDIAN, AND MODE 63. THE MEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION 64. THE MEDIAN AND INTERQUARTILE RANGE 65. UNDERSTANDING PROBABILITY IN INFERENTIAL STATISTICS 66. INTRODUCTION TO THE NULL HYPOTHESIS 67. THE PEARSON CORRELATION COEFFICIENT (r) 68. THE t-TEST 69. ONE-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE (F) 70. TWO-WAY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE 71. INTRODUCTION TO THE CHI-SQUARE TEST (χ2) 72. THE BIVARIATE CHI-SQUARE TEST (χ2) AND TYPES OF ERROR 73. REGRESSION BASICS 74. PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS

PART 9 Effect Size and Meta-Analysis

75. INTRODUCTION TO EFFECT SIZE (d) 76. INTERPRETATION OF EFFECT SIZE (d) 77. EFFECT SIZE AND CORRELATION (r) 78. INTRODUCTION TO META-ANALYSIS 79. META-ANALYSIS AND EFFECT SIZE 80. META-ANALYSIS: STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES

PART 10 Preparing Research Reports

81. THE STRUCTURE OF A RESEARCH REPORT 82. WRITING ABSTRACTS 83. INTRODUCTION AND LITERATURE REVIEW 84. DESCRIBING PARTICIPANTS 85. DESCRIBING MEASURES 86. REPORTING RESEARCH RESULTS 87. WRITING THE DISCUSSION 88. PREPARING THESES AND DISSERTATIONS

APPENDIX A: ELECTRONIC DATABASES FOR LOCATING LITERATURE APPENDIX B: ELECTRONIC SOURCES OF STATISTICAL INFORMATION APPENDIX C: EXCERPTS FROM LITERATURE REVIEWS APPENDIX D: SAMPLE ABSTRACTS OF RESEARCH REPORTS APPENDIX E: AN INTRODUCTION TO APA STYLE APPENDIX F: AN INTRODUCTION TO ASA STYLE Index