Pointers in C by Toppo, Naveen -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Title Copyright Dedication Contents at a Glance Contents About the Authors Acknowledgments Introduction Chapter 1: Memory, Runtime Memory Organization, and Virtual Memory

Memory and Classification

Classification Memory Layout

Data and Instruction

How the Processor Accesses Main Memory Cache Memory

Compilation Process Chain

Preprocessing Compilation Assembler Linking Loader

Memory Models

Real Address Mode Memory Model Address Translation in Real Mode Flat Memory Model Segmented Memory Model

Memory Layout Using Segments

Segmentation Code Segment Data Segment Uninitialized/BSS Segment Stack Segment Heap Segment

Runtime Memory Organization

Intricacies of a Function Call Steps to Make a Function Call

Memory Segments Virtual Memory Organization

A Glimpse into a Virtual Memory System Paging Page Table

Summary

Chapter 2: Pointer Basics

What is an address of a variable? Address of Operator

Retrieving the Address of a Variable

Pointer Declaration Pointer Assignment Size of Pointer Variables Pointer Dereferencing Basic Usage of Pointer

Pass by Value Pass by Reference

Pointers and Constants

Constant Pointer Variable Pointer to Constant Variable Constant Pointer to a Constant Variable

Multilevel Pointers

Pointer to a Pointer Variable

Understanding a Cryptic Pointer Expression

Referencing Dereferencing Referencing Dereferencing

Summary

Chapter 3: Pointer Arithmetic and Single Dimension Arrays

Array Memory Layout

Endianness

Pointer Arithmetic

Pointer Addition Pointer Subtraction

Arrays Explored

Dynamic Array Array of Pointers Pointer to Array

Summary

Chapter 4: Pointers and Strings

String Layout in Memory

Accessing String Elements

Dynamic Memory Allocation

String Literals and Constants

String Operations

Handling String Inputs String Iteration String Copy String Concatenation

Array of Strings

Declaration of Array of Strings

Summary

Chapter 5: Pointers and Multidimensional Arrays

Array Layout

Pointer to 2D Array 3D Array Layout

Summary

Chapter 6: Pointers to Structures

Defining Structures Declaring Structure Variables Accessing Structure Members Initializing Structure Variables

Method 1 Method 2

Structure Nesting Structure in Memory Structure Padding

Data Alignment Structure Padding

When Structure Padding is not Helpful Structure Packing Structure Assignment and Copying Structure Pointers

Accessing Member Variables Passing Structure Pointer Variable

Common Mistakes Type Casting Structure Pointers Self-Referential Structures Data Structures and Algorithms

Linked Lists Binary Search Tree Iterating Over the Nodes

Summary

Chapter 7: Function Pointers

Defining Function Pointers Initializing Function Pointers Using Function Pointers Assembly Details of Function Pointer Calls

Invocation of Function Call Directly Invocation of Function Call Indirectly with a Function Pointer

Array of Function Pointers

Defining an Array of a Function Pointers

Returning Function Pointers from Function

Difficult Way Easy Way

Function Pointer Usage in the Linux Kernel Summary of Cryptic Function Pointer Declarations Summary

Chapter 8: Pointers to File I/O

The Physical Layout of Secondary Memory

Surface View Interfacing HDD with CPU Disk Addressing Schemes

Introduction to File System Architecture

Logical File System The Basic File System

What Is Required to Make a File System?

On-Disk Data Structures In-Memory Data Structures

Accessing Files

FILE Data Structure

First Task Second Task Reading from a File

Reading a Single Character Reading Strings from a File Reading Blocks from File Formatted Reading from File

Writing to a File

Writing a Single Character to a File Writing a String onto the File Writing a Block of Data to a File

Accessing Disk at Random Locations

Seeking the File Indicator

Miscellaneous Functions

Knowing the Size of File Another Way of Resetting the Position of File

Summary

Index

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