Capacitors by Deshpande, R.P. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Title Page Copyright Page Dedication About The Author Contents Foreword Foreword Preface Acknowledgements 1 Introduction to Capacitors

1.1 History of Capacitor Development 1.2 Basic Principles 1.3 Electric Field 1.4 Permittivity 1.5 Capacitance 1.6 Charging a Capacitor 1.7 Current in a Capacitor 1.8 Equivalent Circuit of Capacitor 1.9 Dielectrics 1.10 Dielectric Materials 1.11 Dielectric Absorption 1.12 General Construction of a Capacitor 1.13 Codes for Values of Electronic Capacitors 1.14 Capacitor Characteristics 1.15 Capacitor Performance Requirements 1.16 Applications in Industry 1.17 Definitions, Ratings and Service Conditions

2 Properties of Dielectrics

2.1 Capacitor Dielectrics 2.2 Dielectric Constant 2.3 Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) 2.4 Dissipation Factor, Loss Factor, Tan Delta of Capacitor 2.5 Equivalent Series Inductance (ESI) in Capacitors 2.6 Common Dielectric Materials

3 Polypropylene and Polyester Film

3.1 Major Plastic Films in Capacitors 3.2 Polypropylene Film 3.3 Polyester Films (PET) 3.4 Choice of PP/PET for a AC Applications 3.5 Corona Discharge and Partial Discharge 3.6 Comparison of PP and Polyester Film Capacitors 3.7 Polyphenylene Sulphide (PPS)

4 Metallized Films

4.1 Metallized Films in Capacitors 4.2 Metallized Electrode 4.3 Self-Healing 4.4 Plain and Heavy Edge Metallization 4.5 Surface Resistivity of Metallized Films 4.6 Segmented Films 4.7 Wave-Cut Films 4.8 Series Metallized (Multisection Metallized) Films 4.9 Storage of Metallized Films 4.10 MLP Capacitors 4.11 Limitations of MPP Films 4.12 Metallized vs. Non-Metallized Capacitors 4.13 Dry vs. Impregnated Oil Filled MPP Capacitors

5 Types of Capacitors

5.1 Categories Based on Dielectrics 5.2 Capacitor Classification Based on Their Usage 5.3 Applications in the Electrical Industry

6 Power Factor Correction Capacitors

6.1 Power Factor in Supply Systems 6.2 Benefits of Power Factor Correction 6.3 Power Factor Correction 6.4 Shunt Capacitors 6.5 Series Reactors 6.6 Series Capacitors 6.7 Construction of KVAR Capacitors 6.8 Economic Considerations of Power Factor Correction

7 Switching of Capacitors

7.1 Capacitor Switching 7.2 Single Bank Switching Transient 7.3 Multiple Capacitor Bank Switching 7.4 Power Quality Concerns 7.5 Utility Capacitor Bank Switching 7.6 Other Adverse Factors for Switching 7.7 Switchgear Requirements for Capacitor Installation

8 Harmonics in Power Systems

8.1 Harmonic Distortion Basics 8.2 Origins of Harmonic Distortion 8.3 DG Sets as Harmonic Source 8.4 Harmonics Due to Electronic Sources 8.5 Problems Caused by Harmonics 8.6 Harmonic Content 8.7 Harmonic Overloading of Capacitors 8.8 The IEEE 519-1991 Standard 8.9 Harmonic Mitigation Techniques 8.10 Capacitor Stress Analysis

9 Power Quality Management

9.1 Power Factor—A New Definition 9.2 Power Factor Instruments 9.3 APFC Panels 9.4 Power Quality Managements Systems 9.5 Static Var Compensator (SVC) 9.6 Static Synchronous Compensator (Statcom) 9.7 Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS)

10 Electrolytic Capacitors

10.1 Nature of Electrolytic Capacitor 10.2 Types of Electrolytic Capacitors 10.3 Basic of Electrolytic Capacitors 10.4 Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitors 10.5 Tantalum Electrolytic Capacitors 10.6 Polymer Tantalum Capacitor 10.7 Niobium Oxide Capacitors

11 Ceramic Capacitors

11.1 Backgrounds 11.2 Classes of Ceramic Dielectrics 11.3 Values and TC Codes

12 Mica Capacitors

12.1 Introduction 12.2 Mica Dielectric 12.3 Types of Mica Dielectrics 12.4 Construction of Mica Capacitors 12.5 Colour Codes for Mica Capacitors (TC Codes)

13 Ultracapacitors: The Future of Energy Storage

13.1 Electrochemical Capacitors 13.2 Electrochemical Double Layer Capacitors (EDLC) 13.3 Materials for Ultracapacitors 13.4 Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Capacitors 13.5 Ultracapacitors vs. Batteries 13.6 Applications 13.7 Ultracapacitor Measurement 13.8 Ultracapacitor Banks 13.9 Life of Ultracapacitors 13.10 Pseudocapacitors 13.11 Present Technology Status and Future Scenario

14 Auto Ignition and CDI Capacitors

14.1 Auto Ignition Condenser 14.2 CDI: An Introdction 14.3 CDI Units and Circuits

15 Electronic Grade Capacitors

15.1 Introduction 15.2 Non-Inductive and Inductive Capacitors 15.3 Film/Foil and Metallized Film Capacitors 15.4 Plastic Film Capacitors 15.5 Glass Capacitors 15.6 Vacuum Capacitors 15.7 Variable Capacitors

16 Capacitors for RFI Suppression

16.1 Need for Radio Frequency Interference Suppression (RFI) 16.2 XY Capacitors 16.3 Failure Mechanisms 16.4 Application 16.5 Design Considerations 16.6 Feedthrough Capacitors 16.7 Construction Features 16.8 Application Notes and Installation

17 Energy Storage and Pulse Capacitors

17.1 Energy Storage Applications 17.2 Energy Storage Characteristics 17.3 Weapons Systems and Space Technology 17.4 Use in Explosives 17.5 Pulse Capacitors 17.6 Metallized Films Energy Storage Capacitors

18 Application in Electronic Circuits

18.1 Introduction 18.2 Filter/Rectifier Capacitors 18.3 Tuning Capacitors 18.4 Coupling/Decoupling (Blocking) 18.5 Bypass Capacitor 18.6 Sample and Hold 18.7 Timing Circuits 18.8 Signal Processing and Switched Capacitors 18.9 Sensors 18.10 Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Capacitors 18.11 Noise Filters and Snubbers

19 Capacitors for Power Electronics

19.1 Role of Capacitors in Power Electronics 19.2 Commutation Capacitors 19.3 Snubber Capacitors 19.4 DC Link Capacitor 19.5 Capacitor Discharge Welding 19.6 Capacitor Voltage Transformer (CVT)

20 Manufacture of Paper/Plastic Film Capacitors

20.1 Wound Non-Metallized Electrostatic Capacitors 20.2 Metallized Film Capacitors 20.3 Metallized Electrode Carrier (MKV) Capacitors 20.4 Wound Metallized Capacitor Manufacturing Process 20.5 Testing of Capacitors

21 Selection Guide for Capacitors

21.1 Introduction 21.2 Consideration for Selecting a Capacitor 21.3 Special Capacitors 21.4 Packaging 21.5 Capacitor Ratings 21.6 Design Considerations 21.7 Know Your Load 21.8 Special Data For KVAR Capacitors

22 Capacitor Failures and Their Mitigation

Appendices References Index