Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design · Choosing Among Five Approaches by Creswell, John W. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

About the Authors Acknowledgments Analytic Table of Contents by Approach List of Tables and Figures 1. Introduction

Purpose and Rationale for the Book What Is New in This Edition Positioning Ourselves Definition of Qualitative Research Selection of the Five Approaches Key Book Readings

Narrative Research Phenomenology Grounded Theory Ethnography Case Study

Audience Organization

2. Philosophical Assumptions and Interpretive Frameworks

Questions for Discussion Situating Philosophy and Interpretive Frameworks Within the Research Process Philosophical Assumptions

Why Philosophy Is Important Four Philosophical Assumptions Writing Philosophical Assumptions Into Qualitative Studies

Interpretive Frameworks

Postpositivism Social Constructivism Transformative Frameworks Postmodern Perspectives Pragmatism Feminist Theories Critical Theory and Critical Race Theory Queer Theory Disability Theories

The Practice of Using Interpretive Frameworks in Qualitative Research Linking Philosophy and Interpretive Frameworks in Qualitative Research Chapter Check-In Summary Further Readings

3. Designing a Qualitative Study

Questions for Discussion The Characteristics of Qualitative Research When to Use Qualitative Research What a Qualitative Study Requires From Us The Features of a “Good” Qualitative Study The Process of Designing a Qualitative Study

Preliminary Considerations Phases in the Research Process Elements in All Phases of the Research

Ethics in Qualitative Research The Design Structures of a Plan or Proposal

Design Considerations Useful for Engaging Readers General Writing Structures

Chapter Check-In Summary Further Readings

4. Five Qualitative Approaches to Inquiry

Questions for Discussion Deciding Among the Five Approaches Narrative Research

Definition of Narrative Research Origin of Narrative Research Defining Features of Narrative Studies Types of Narratives Procedures for Conducting Narrative Research Challenges in Narrative Research

Phenomenological Research

Definition of Phenomenological Research Origins of Phenomenological Research Defining Features of Phenomenology Types of Phenomenology Procedures for Conducting Phenomenological Research Challenges in Phenomenology

Grounded Theory Research

Definition of Grounded Theory Research Origins of Grounded Theory Research Defining Features of Grounded Theory Types of Grounded Theory Studies Procedures for Conducting Grounded Theory Research Challenges in Grounded Theory Research

Ethnographic Research

Definition of Ethnographic Research Origins of Ethnographic Research Defining Features of Ethnographies Types of Ethnographies Procedures for Conducting an Ethnography Challenges in Ethnographic Research

Case Study Research

Definition of Case Study Research Origins of Case Study Research Defining Features of Case Studies Types of Case Studies Procedures for Conducting a Case Study Challenges in Case Study Research

Comparing the Five Approaches Chapter Check-In Summary Further Readings

5. Five Different Qualitative Studies

Questions for Discussion A Narrative Study (Chan, 2010; see Appendix B) A Phenomenological Study (Anderson & Spencer, 2002; see Appendix C) A Grounded Theory Study (Harley et al., 2009; see Appendix D) An Ethnographic Study (Mac an Ghaill & Haywood, 2015; see Appendix E) A Case Study (Frelin, 2015; see Appendix F) Differences Among the Approaches

Central Features of Each Approach Selecting Your Approach

Chapter Check-In Summary Further Readings

6. Introducing and Focusing the Study

Questions for Discussion Interrelating the Study Problem, Purpose, and Questions Within Research The Research Problem Statement The Purpose Statement The Research Questions

The Central Question Subquestions

Chapter Check-In Summary Further Readings

7. Data Collection

Questions for Discussion The Data Collection Circle

Ethical Considerations for Data Collection

Institutional Review Boards

The Site or Individual Access and Rapport Purposeful Sampling Strategy

Participants in the Sample Types of Sampling Strategies Sample Size

Forms of Data

Interviewing Observing

Recording Procedures Field Issues

Entry and Organizational Access Procedures for Observations Dynamics Between Interviewer and Interviewee Availability of Documents and Audiovisual Materials

Data Storage and Security

Five Approaches Compared Chapter Check-In Summary Further Readings

8. Data Analysis and Representation

Questions for Discussion Ethical Considerations for Data Analysis Three Analysis Strategies The Data Analysis Spiral

Managing and Organizing the Data Reading and Memoing Emergent Ideas Describing and Classifying Codes Into Themes Developing and Assessing Interpretations Representing and Visualizing the Data

Analysis Within Approaches to Inquiry

Narrative Research Analysis and Representation Phenomenological Analysis and Representation Grounded Theory Analysis and Representation Ethnographic Analysis and Representation Case Study Analysis and Representation

Comparing the Five Approaches Computer Use in Qualitative Data Analysis

Advantages and Disadvantages How to Decide Whether to Use a Computer Program A Sampling of Computer Programs and Features Use of Computer Software Programs With the Five Approaches How to Choose Among the Computer Programs

Chapter Check-In Summary Further Readings

9. Writing a Qualitative Study

Questions for Discussion Ethical Considerations for Writing Several Writing Strategies

Reflexivity and Representations in Writing Audience for Our Writings Encoding Our Writings Quotes in Our Writings

Overall and Embedded Writing Strategies

Narrative Writing Structures