Large Turbo-Generators by Kerszenbaum, Isidor -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Table of Contents Preface Caveat Emptor Acknowledgments List of Acronyms 1. Book Organization 2. Protective Functions

2.1 Difference between Protection and Monitoring Functions 2.2 Basic Protection Philosophy 2.3 Typical Protective Functions Applied to Large Turbogenerators 2.4 Primary and Backup Protective Functions 2.5 Identifying the Various Protected Zones 2.6 How to Identify Probable Causes from the Actuation of Protection Relays 2.7 Essential Checks before Returning a Unit to Service after a Protection Trip 2.8 Essential Checks before Returning a Unit to Service after Receiving an Alarm 2.9 Alarm Response Procedures

2.9.1 Rotor Grounds 2.9.2 Winding Temperature 2.9.3 End-Winding Vibration 2.9.4 Rotor Vibration

References

3. Monitored Parameters

3.1 Typical Monitored Variables in Large Turbogenerators 3.2 General Machine Variables

3.2.1 Stator Terminal Voltage 3.2.2 Stator Terminal Current 3.2.3 Generator Real and Reactive Power Output 3.2.4 Generator Frequency 3.2.5 Rotor Field Voltage and Current 3.2.6 Volts per Hertz 3.2.7 Negative Sequence Stator Current 3.2.8 Byproducts of Insulation Pyrolysis 3.2.9 Liquids inside the Generator 3.2.10 Ozone

3.3 Stator (Frame, Core, and Winding) Variables

3.3.1 Frame Movement and/or Vibration 3.3.2 Core Vibration 3.3.3 Core Temperature 3.3.4 Flux Shield and Compression-Plate Temperatures 3.3.5 End-Winding Vibration 3.3.6 Stator Conductor Temperature and Differential Temperature 3.3.7 Partial Discharge Activity

3.4 Rotor Variables

3.4.1 Rotor Vibration 3.4.2 Rotor Winding Temperature 3.4.3 Rotor Field Shorted Turns 3.4.4 Rotor Ground Faults 3.4.5 Shaft Voltage and Current 3.4.6 Torsional Oscillation

3.5 Excitation Variables

3.5.1 Brushgear Temperature and Condition of Air Filter 3.5.2 Hydrogen in Brushgear Housing/Compartment 3.5.3 Water Leaks in the Exciter/Rectifier Cubicle 3.5.4 Exciter Temperature 3.5.5 PMG/HFG Voltage Output

3.6 Hydrogen System Variables 3.7 Stator Cooling Water System Variables 3.8 Rotor Cooling Water System Variables 3.9 Seal-Oil System Variables 3.10 Lubrication System Variables 3.11 Identifying the Common Sources of Monitoring and Protection Variables References

4. List of Symptoms

4.1 Definition of Symptom 4.2 List of Symptoms

4.2.1 Core and Frame Symptoms 4.2.2 Stator Symptoms 4.2.3 Rotor Symptoms 4.2.4 Excitation Symptoms 4.2.5 Lubrication System Symptoms 4.2.6 Seal-Oil System Symptoms 4.2.7 Hydrogen System Symptoms 4.2.8 Stator Cooling Water System Symptoms

5. List of Malfunctions

5.1 Types of Malfunctions

5.1.1 Component Failure 5.1.2 Component Degradation

5.2 Core and Frame Malfunctions 5.3 Stator Malfunctions 5.4 Rotor Malfunctions 5.5 Excitation System Malfunctions 5.6 Hydrogen System Malfunctions 5.7 Stator Cooling Water System Malfunctions 5.8 Seal-Oil System Malfunctions 5.9 Lubrication (Lube-Oil) System Malfunctions

6. Relations between Symptoms and Malfunctions

6.1 Definite versus Bayesian Approaches 6.2 Establishing Links between Symptoms and Malfunctions 6.3 Multistage Events versus Single-Stage Simplification

6.3.1 Multistage Event

7. Monitored Parameters

7.1 Tables of Useful Variables

Index

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