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Index
Preface
Prologue: The Earliest Artillery Fortification
One: Fortress Warfare in Renaissance Italy
The offensive on the rampage 1494 1503
Charles VIII and the advent of mobile siege artillery
The Spanish counter-attack and the gunpowder mine
The political and strategic consequences
The Italian theatre of war
The Austrian and Spanish potential
The potential of the Italian states
Provisional artillery fortification and the return to equilibrium 1503-30
The sieges of Pisa and Padua
The Holy Alliance and its wars
Provisional fortification
Two: Later Italian Wars and the Origins of Permanent Artillery Fortification 1530-1600
War in a fortified theatre
The development of permanent artillery fortification
The need for permanent fortification
The bastion system: its nature, origins and development
Programmes of fortress-building
The Renaissance engineer
Three: The Frontiers of France 1513-59
France on the defensive 1513-50
The northern border
The wars
The Pyrenean frontier
France on the offensive 1552-9
Henry II and his band of captains
The last war against the Imperialists and English
The first non-Italian practitioners of the new fortification
Four: The Eighty Years War in the Netherlands 1566-1648
The conditions of the struggle
The ground
The armies
Atrocities
The war from the beginning of the revolt until the Twelve Years Truce 1566-1609
Alva and his citadels 1566-72
The Alva and Requesens offensives 1572-6
The Parma offensives 1578-89
The offensives of Maurice of Nassau 1590-1600
The siege of Ostend and the Spinola offensives 1601-8
The defence and the attack in the early seventeenth century
Netherlandish fortification
The march of the attack
The war from the end of the Twelve Years Truce until the Peace of Münster 1621 48
The last duel of Spinola and Maurice of Nassau 1621-5
The campaigns of Frederick Henry the Stedenzwinger 1626-47
The decline of Dutch and Spanish military engineering
Five: The Apprenticeship of France 1560-1660
Darkness and false dawn 1562-1610
The early religious wars 1562-78
Henry of Navarre and his struggle for Paris 1586-94
Henry’s war with Spain 1595-8
The reforms of Henry IV and Sully 1598-1610
Decay and revival 1610-60
The collapse of the military art in France 1610-c.53
The end of the heretics 1621-2 and 1627-9
The dream of lightning victory 1629-36
The Italian theatre 1635-59
The Pyrenean and Catalan theatres 1635-59
The struggle for Portuguese independence 1580-1666
The Rhenish theatre 1635-48
The Netherlands theatre 1637-48
The Wars of the Fronde and the Netherlands theatre 1449-53
The relief of Arras and the end of the war in the North 1654-9
The Peace of the Pyrenees 1659
The precursors of Vauban
The fortified border
The literature of fortification
The state of the siege attack
Six: The English Civil War and the Subjugation of Ireland
The Tudors
Henrician and Elizabethan fortification
The Elizabethan wars in Ireland 1568-1602
The English Civil War
The military and strategic setting
The campaigns, 1642-8 and 1650-1
The defence and the attack in the English Civil Wars
The Irish Confederacy and ‘The Curse of Cromwell’
Seven: The Baltic Empires
The Danish stranglehold
Dane and Swede: the first combats
Early Scandinavian fortress-building
The advance and retreat of Old Muscovy
The struggle for the Baltic approaches
Muscovite military engineering
The Age of Gustavus Adolphus
Apprenticeship in the East
The Swedes in Germany
Swedish military engineering in the period of the Thirty Years War
The Danish catastrophe
‘Torstensson's War' 1643-5
The war of 1657-60
Sweden’s Polish adventure
Military engineering in Poland
Eight: The Sultan and his Enemies
The eastern Mediterranean
Confrontation on the Danube
Russia’s steppe frontier
The Persian heretics
Turkish military engineering
Campaigning and logistics
The trench attack
The artillery attack
The mine attack
Fortification
The defence of Turkish fortresses
Christian fortress warfare against the Turks
The usages of war
Nine: Fortress Warfare beyond the Seas
Trading forts and strategic bases
African and Eastern waters
Central America and the West Indies
The forts and their garrisons
The Asiatic Powers
India
Burma and Siam
Indo-China
The fall of the Chinese Mings
Japan
From anarchy to unity
Japanese military engineering
Ten: The Fortress and Humankind
The stronghold as a force for change
The profession of military engineer
The laws of war
Life in a besieged town
Garrison and townsfolk
The fortress and the imagination
The fortress-town as habitat
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