Learning the bash Shell, 3rd Edition by Newham, Cameron -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Learning the bash Shell, 3rd Edition

Preface

bash Versions Summary of bash Features Intended Audience Code Examples Chapter Summary Conventions Used in This Handbook We'd Like to Hear from You Using Code Examples Safari Enabled Acknowledgments for the First Edition Acknowledgments for the Second Edition Acknowledgments for the Third Edition

1. bash Basics

1.1. What Is a Shell? 1.2. Scope of This Book 1.3. History of UNIX Shells

1.3.1. The Bourne Again Shell 1.3.2. Features of bash

1.4. Getting bash 1.5. Interactive Shell Use

1.5.1. Commands, Arguments, and Options

1.6. Files

1.6.1. Directories

1.6.1.1. The working directory 1.6.1.2. Tilde notation 1.6.1.3. Changing working directories

1.6.2. Filenames, Wildcards, and Pathname Expansion 1.6.3. Brace Expansion

1.7. Input and Output

1.7.1. Standard I/O 1.7.2. I/O Redirection 1.7.3. Pipelines

1.8. Background Jobs

1.8.1. Background I/O 1.8.2. Background Jobs and Priorities

1.9. Special Characters and Quoting

1.9.1. Quoting 1.9.2. Backslash-Escaping 1.9.3. Quoting Quotation Marks 1.9.4. Continuing Lines 1.9.5. Control Keys

1.10. Help

2. Command-Line Editing

2.1. Enabling Command-Line Editing 2.2. The History List 2.3. emacs Editing Mode

2.3.1. Basic Commands 2.3.2. Word Commands 2.3.3. Line Commands 2.3.4. Moving Around in the History List 2.3.5. Textual Completion 2.3.6. Miscellaneous Commands

2.4. vi Editing Mode

2.4.1. Simple Control Mode Commands 2.4.2. Entering and Changing Text 2.4.3. Deletion Commands 2.4.4. Moving Around in the History List 2.4.5. Character-Finding Commands 2.4.6. Textual Completion 2.4.7. Miscellaneous Commands

2.5. The fc Command 2.6. History Expansion 2.7. readline

2.7.1. The readline Startup File

2.7.1.1. readline variables

2.7.2. Key Bindings Using bind

2.8. Keyboard Habits

3. Customizing Your Environment

3.1. The .bash_profile, .bash_logout, and .bashrc Files 3.2. Aliases 3.3. Options

3.3.1. shopt

3.4. Shell Variables

3.4.1. Variables and Quoting 3.4.2. Built-In Variables

3.4.2.1. Editing mode variables 3.4.2.2. Mail variables 3.4.2.3. Prompting variables 3.4.2.4. Command search path 3.4.2.5. Command hashing 3.4.2.6. Directory search path and variables 3.4.2.7. Miscellaneous variables

3.5. Customization and Subprocesses

3.5.1. Environment Variables

3.5.1.1. Terminal types 3.5.1.2. Other common variables

3.5.2. The Environment File

3.6. Customization Hints

4. Basic Shell Programming

4.1. Shell Scripts and Functions

4.1.1. Functions

4.2. Shell Variables

4.2.1. Positional Parameters

4.2.1.1. Positional parameters in functions

4.2.2. Local Variables in Functions 4.2.3. Quoting with $@ and $* 4.2.4. More on Variable Syntax

4.3. String Operators

4.3.1. Syntax of String Operators 4.3.2. Patterns and Pattern Matching 4.3.3. Length Operator 4.3.4. Extended Pattern Matching

4.4. Command Substitution 4.5. Advanced Examples: pushd and popd

5. Flow Control

5.1. if/else

5.1.1. Exit Status 5.1.2. Return 5.1.3. Combinations of Exit Statuses 5.1.4. Condition Tests

5.1.4.1. String comparisons 5.1.4.2. File attribute checking

5.1.5. Integer Conditionals

5.2. for 5.3. case 5.4. select 5.5. while and until

6. Command-Line Options and Typed Variables

6.1. Command-Line Options

6.1.1. shift 6.1.2. Options with Arguments 6.1.3. getopts

6.2. Typed Variables 6.3. Integer Variables and Arithmetic

6.3.1. Arithmetic Conditionals 6.3.2. Arithmetic Variables and Assignment 6.3.3. Arithmetic for Loops

6.4. Arrays

7. Input/Output and Command-Line Processing

7.1. I/O Redirectors

7.1.1. Here-documents 7.1.2. File Descriptors

7.2. String I/O

7.2.1. echo

7.2.1.1. Options to echo 7.2.1.2. echo escape sequences

7.2.2. printf

7.2.2.1. Additional bash printf specifiers

7.2.3. read

7.2.3.1. Reading lines from files 7.2.3.2. I/O redirection and multiple commands 7.2.3.3. Command blocks 7.2.3.4. Reading user input

7.3. Command-Line Processing

7.3.1. Quoting 7.3.2. command, builtin, and enable 7.3.3. eval

8. Process Handling

8.1. Process IDs and Job Numbers 8.2. Job Control

8.2.1. Foreground and Background 8.2.2. Suspending a Job

8.3. Signals

8.3.1. Control-Key Signals 8.3.2. kill 8.3.3. ps

8.3.3.1. System V 8.3.3.2. BSD

8.4. trap

8.4.1. Traps and Functions 8.4.2. Process ID Variables and Temporary Files 8.4.3. Ignoring Signals 8.4.4. disown 8.4.5. Resetting Traps

8.5. Coroutines

8.5.1. wait 8.5.2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Coroutines 8.5.3. Parallelization

8.6. Subshells

8.6.1. Subshell Inheritance 8.6.2. Nested Subshells

8.7. Process Substitution

9. Debugging Shell Programs

9.1. Basic Debugging Aids

9.1.1. Set Options 9.1.2. Fake Signals

9.1.2.1. EXIT 9.1.2.2. ERR 9.1.2.3. DEBUG 9.1.2.4. RETURN

9.1.3. Debugging Variables

9.2. A bash Debugger

9.2.1. Structure of the Debugger

9.2.1.1. The driver script 9.2.1.2. exec

9.2.2. The Preamble 9.2.3. Debugger Functions

9.2.3.1. Commands 9.2.3.2. Stepping 9.2.3.3. Breakpoints 9.2.3.4. Break conditions 9.2.3.5. Execution tracing 9.2.3.6. Debugger limitations

9.2.4. A Sample bashdb Session 9.2.5. Exercises

10. bash Administration

10.1. Installing bash as the Standard Shell

10.1.1. POSIX Mode 10.1.2. Command-Line Options

10.2. Environment Customization

10.2.1. umask 10.2.2. ulimit 10.2.3. Types of Global Customization

10.3. System Security Features

10.3.1. Restricted Shell 10.3.2. A System Break-In Scenario 10.3.3. Privileged Mode

11. Shell Scripting

11.1. What's That Do?

11.1.1. Comments 11.1.2. Variables and Constants

11.2. Starting Up 11.3. Potential Problems 11.4. Don't Use bash

12. bash for Your System

12.1. Obtaining bash 12.2. Unpacking the Archive 12.3. What's in the Archive

12.3.1. Documentation 12.3.2. Configuring and Building bash 12.3.3. Testing bash 12.3.4. Potential Problems 12.3.5. Installing bash as a Login Shell 12.3.6. Examples

12.4. Who Do I Turn to?

12.4.1. Asking Questions 12.4.2. Reporting Bugs

A. Related Shells

A.1. The Bourne Shell A.2. The IEEE 1003.2 POSIX Shell Standard A.3. The Korn Shell A.4. pdksh A.5. zsh A.6. Shell Clones and Unix-like Platforms

A.6.1. Cygwin A.6.2. DJGPP A.6.3. MKS Toolkit A.6.4. AT&T UWIN

B. Reference Lists

B.1. Invocation B.2. Prompt String Customizations B.3. Built-In Commands and Reserved Words B.4. Built-In Shell Variables B.5. Test Operators B.6. set Options B.7. shopt Options B.8. I/O Redirection B.9. emacs Mode Commands B.10. vi Control Mode Commands

C. Loadable Built-Ins D. Programmable Completion Index About the Author Colophon

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