The Routledge Handbook of Tourism Research by Hsu, Cathy H. C. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Contents List of figures List of tables Notes on the editors Notes on the contributors Introduction Part I: Foundations for tourism research

1. An outline of the history of tourism theory: source material (for future research)

Introduction

Some basic introductory theoretical issues

Periodisation The period of the phenomena which preceded the emergence of tourism The later nineteenth century: the first real theoretical works on tourism The beginning of the twentieth century to the end of the First World War The period between the two world wars Period after the Second World War: a time of intense theoretical work

Instead of a conclusion

Bibliography

2. Modern mass tourism in China: some theoretical issues

The quickly awakening dragon

A truly great leap forward Inbound tourism Outbound tourism Domestic tourism Conclusion

A truly great cultural revolution A different look References

3. Remodelling the language of tourism: from monologue to dialogue and trialogue

Introduction: changes that have occurred within tourism and the societies from which it is generated Remodelling the language of tourism

Model 1: the language of tourism as monologue Model 2: the language of tourism as dialogue Model 3: the language of tourism as trialogue

Conclusion References

4. Researching tourism distribution

Origins Research design and methodology

Comparative analysis

Linking to the literatures Emerging patterns References

5. Impediments to international tourism: an exploration of issues in five APEC economies

Introduction APEC and tourism

Methods The nature of impediments Findings Tourism-related policies and regulations Safety and security issues Administrative practices Infrastructure Environment and culture Taxes Travel advisories and the media Political status of tourism

Recommendations for further research

Develop performance measures to assess progress towards Goal 3 of APEC’s Tourism Charter Measure tourism’s contribution to government revenues Develop initiatives to promote cultural tourism Examine the implications of trade liberalization for tourism statistics Examine alternative tourism industry—government networking structures Develop case studies of effective media relations during times of crisis Examine tourism impediments in other economies

Acknowledgements References

Part II: Implications for destination management

6. Assessing the impact of forecast combination on tourism demand forecasting accuracy

Introduction Economic factors and data Methodology

Seasonal ARIMA Autoregressive distributed lag model (ADLM) Error correction model (ECM) VAR model Forecasting error Combination methods and empirical results Encompassing test and forecasting performance

Conclusion References

7. Comparative tourism shocks

Introduction Objective Data Analysis Implications Conclusion References

8. Why the public should pay for tourism marketing: a public economics perspective

Introduction Justification of public involvement in tourism marketing

General External effects Information deficits Transaction costs

Overall economic efficiency of public involvement in tourism marketing

General Effects of tourism marketing Tourism’s effects on value added, employment and growth

Conclusion Notes References

9. The role of individuals in the development and popularization of tourist destinations

Introduction Agents of change Types of entrepreneur

Phase-changing entrepreneurship Organic entrepreneurship Grand-scale entrepreneurs Serendipitous entrepreneurs Revitalizing entrepreneurs

The role of personalities and royalty in tourism: the Scottish Highlands as a tourist destination

Sir Walter Scott as a serendipitous entrepreneur and promoter

The environment for tourism development in the Highlands Cumulative influences: royalty as re-enforcers Reinforcement of image in the twenty-first century

Conclusions and implications: the role of entrepreneurs and re-enforcers in tourism destination development

Bibliography

10. Home away from home: a research agenda for examining the resort community second home industry in Colorado

Introduction Characteristics of the study region Study components and early results

Typology of second homes Survey of second homeowners and residents Economic base analysis

Summary and future research agenda Notes References

Part III: Planning for tourism development

11. Planning sponsored tourism research: an investigation about its structure and trend

Introduction Background of academic-dominated tourism planning

Demand for tourism plans Shortage of tourism planner professionals Chances for geographers to play a major role in the tourism plan market

Observed patterns of tourism plans undertaken by academic

Accumulation of tourism planning theories and cases Growth of tourism geography Planning sponsored funds for the research Dominance of tourism planning and development of postgraduate studies Triple role of research-planning-teaching

A system dynamics model Challenges faced by planning sponsored research in the new era

Changes of tourism plans from demand side Growth of tourism planners Pressure for academic planners to focus on academic research

Conclusion and discussion References

12. Perspectives on tourism planning in China

The nature of planning Evolution of Western tourism planning Objectives and evidence Tourism planning and development in China Rural communities in China

Participation: can it improve poor people’s lives? The participatory spiral

Conclusions Bibliography

13. Nurturing “social license to operate” through corporate—civil society relationships in tourism destinations

Introduction Corporate—community stakeholder framework

Stakeholder theory Resource-based view of firm Corporate environmentalism and social responsibility Social license to operate

Corporate-tourism destination stakeholder model

Evolving corporate-civil society relationships in Whistler, BC Case study context Intrawest’s evolving corporate environmentalism Stakeholder management Evolving corporate engagement with AWARE Drivers of corporate—ENGO engagement Engagement strategies

Perceived benefits of stakeholder engagement Discussion

Connection to place Corporate-community stakeholder entanglement Community trust and respect Evolving structures and actions Appropriate tension

Conclusions

Communication Power Networking Transferability

References

14. A consensus-building approach for optimizing tourism as a sustainable development strategy: the case of the tourism policy forum

Introduction Methodology and consensus building approach

Step 1: Review of literature and identification of themes Step 2: Expert panel and the Delphi method Step 3: Gap analysis and importance/performance measurement Step 4:Tourism Policy Forum Step 5: Issue prioritization, recommendations and implementation framework Step 6: Policy declaration Step 7: Encourage aid donors and recipients to evaluate programs and contribute to DANTEI

Conclusion Annex 1

Decentralized governance and capacity building Rural development SME (small and medium-sized enterprises) development and competitiveness Natural resource and protected area management Cultural heritage preservation Foreign direct investment and enabling environments Strategic assessment, planning and implementation Market access and export development

Notes References

15. Exploring social representations of tourism: analysing drawings of tourism

Analysing visual images in tourism

Visual images and tourism representations Destination marketing research

Social representations theory

Central role of visual imagery Linking individual and social levels of analysis

Using social representations theory in tourism Exploring social representations of tourism through an analysis of drawings

The sample The method Content analysing the images

Elements of the drawings of touris Some future research directions

Community preparedness for tourism Destination branding Sources of information for tourists’ representations of destinations and hosts

References

Part IV: Human capital for tourism development

16. Tourism, migration and human capital: knowledge and skills at the intersection of flows

Introduction Labour and tourism production Forms of knowledge and knowledge transfer Migration and knowledge transfer Rethinking the role of migration in tourism labour

Travelling professional workers Migrant tourism workers

Conclusions and research agenda References

17. Reflections on the social construction of skills in hospitality: preliminary findings from comparative international studies

Introduction Skills and the hospitality sector Methodology Preliminary findings

Who are the front office employees? Front office employees and their education Working experience of front office employees Perspectives of work in hotel front office Importance of specific skills within front office work

Conclusions References

18. Stewardship in family businesses: implications for sustainable tourism

Introduction Family business studies in tourism

The tourist experience The community Business viability Destination competitiveness Environmental responsibility

Values and family businesses

Stewardship

Case study of O’Reilly’s Rainforest Guesthouse

Profile of the business The O’Reilly family survey

Conclusion

Antecedents The meaning of stewardship in family businesses Implications for family business and sustainable tourism

Acknowledgements References

Part V: Emerging forms of tourism

19. Entertainment science and new directions for tourism research

Introduction Entertainment Entertainment science Entertainment science and rethinking tourism Entertainment: ownership and production Entertainment and the consumer Entertainment and employment Frameworks for entertainment science research References

20. Major trends in contemporary tourism

Introduction Tourism and modernity Tourism and postmodernity The post-tourist’s quest for distinction The mass tourist’s quest for fantasy Extreme tourism on the expanding margins Conclusion References

21. Resort management analysis: current and future directions

Introduction Resorts and theoretical developments

Describe and classify Explain Predict and forecast

Challenges of resort management Resort management analysis: current challenges Resort management analysis:future challenges Summary References

22. Developments in space tourism: current and future research

Introduction Marketing research imperatives Towards the commercialization of space tourism Market demand and customer behaviour: what do we know so far? What do we need to know? How can we find out? Pilot-testing the approach

The process Hypothetical choice scenarios Overview of preliminary results from the pilot

Conclusions Acknowledgements Appendix 1 Appendix 2 References

Part VI: Insights into tourism evolution

23. Global touristscapes in a rainforest: ecotourism in Sabah, Malaysia

Introduction Tourism development in Sabah Ecotourism planned Ecotourists in Sabah Ecotourism observed Wildlife watching tours at Sukau on the Kinabatangan river basin Diving into the coral seas at the islands of Mabul and Sipadan Homestay program: a possibility of community-based ecotourism Conclusion Notes References

24. Tourism in post-socialist countries of south-eastern Europe: trends and challenges

Introduction South-eastern Europe: geography, economy and politics Tourism in south-eastern Europe Case study: Croatia – strengthening the image and dealing with new challenges Conclusion References

25. Landscape as theme park: tourist consumption and identity of place in contemporary Japan under conditions of rapid demographic change

Introduction Globalization, change and regional development in Japan Tourism development and life in provincial and rural Japan Discussion and conclusion References

26. Interviews with mainland Chinese seniors on their motivations for leisure travel

Introduction Methodology and data Results

Intrinsic desires Supporting external circumstances

Observations and discussion Conclusion Acknowledgments References

Index

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