Practical Binary Analysis by Andriesse, Dennis -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Page Title Page Copyright Page Dedication BRIEF CONTENTS CONTENTS IN DETAIL FOREWORD by Herbert Bos PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS INTRODUCTION

What Is Binary Analysis, and Why Do You Need It? What Makes Binary Analysis Challenging? Who Should Read This Book? What’s in This Book? How to Use This Book

PART I: BINARY FORMATS 1 ANATOMY OF A BINARY

1.1 The C Compilation Process 1.2 Symbols and Stripped Binaries 1.3 Disassembling a Binary 1.4 Loading and Executing a Binary 1.5 Summary Exercises

2 THE ELF FORMAT

2.1 The Executable Header 2.2 Section Headers 2.3 Sections 2.4 Program Headers 2.5 Summary Exercises

3 THE PE FORMAT: A BRIEF INTRODUCTION

3.1 The MS-DOS Header and MS-DOS Stub 3.2 The PE Signature, File Header, and Optional Header 3.3 The Section Header Table 3.4 Sections 3.5 Summary Exercises

4 BUILDING A BINARY LOADER USING LIBBFD

4.1 What Is libbfd? 4.2 A Simple Binary-Loading Interface 4.3 Implementing the Binary Loader 4.4 Testing the Binary Loader 4.5 Summary Exercises

PART II: BINARY ANALYSIS FUNDAMENTALS 5 BASIC BINARY ANALYSIS IN LINUX

5.1 Resolving Identity Crises Using file 5.2 Using ldd to Explore Dependencies 5.3 Viewing File Contents with xxd 5.4 Parsing the Extracted ELF with readelf 5.5 Parsing Symbols with nm 5.6 Looking for Hints with strings 5.7 Tracing System Calls and Library Calls with strace and ltrace 5.8 Examining Instruction-Level Behavior Using objdump 5.9 Dumping a Dynamic String Buffer Using gdb 5.10 Summary Exercise

6 DISASSEMBLY AND BINARY ANALYSIS FUNDAMENTALS

6.1 Static Disassembly 6.2 Dynamic Disassembly 6.3 Structuring Disassembled Code and Data 6.4 Fundamental Analysis Methods 6.5 Effects of Compiler Settings on Disassembly 6.6 Summary Exercises

7 SIMPLE CODE INJECTION TECHNIQUES FOR ELF

7.1 Bare-Metal Binary Modification Using Hex Editing 7.2 Modifying Shared Library Behavior Using LD_PRELOAD 7.3 Injecting a Code Section 7.4 Calling Injected Code 7.5 Summary Exercises

PART III: ADVANCED BINARY ANALYSIS 8 CUSTOMIZING DISASSEMBLY

8.1 Why Write a Custom Disassembly Pass? 8.2 Introduction to Capstone 8.3 Implementing a ROP Gadget Scanner 8.4 Summary Exercises

9 BINARY INSTRUMENTATION 9.1 What Is Binary Instrumentation?

9.2 Static Binary Instrumentation 9.3 Dynamic Binary Instrumentation 9.4 Profiling with Pin 9.5 Automatic Binary Unpacking with Pin 9.6 Summary Exercises

10 PRINCIPLES OF DYNAMIC TAINT ANALYSIS

10.1 What Is DTA? 10.2 DTA in Three Steps: Taint Sources, Taint Sinks, and Taint Propagation 10.3 Using DTA to Detect the Heartbleed Bug 10.4 DTA Design Factors: Taint Granularity, Taint Colors, and Taint Policies 10.5 Summary Exercise

11 PRACTICAL DYNAMIC TAINT ANALYSIS WITH LIBDFT

11.1 Introducing libdft 11.2 Using DTA to Detect Remote Control-Hijacking 11.3 Circumventing DTA with Implicit Flows 11.4 A DTA-Based Data Exfiltration Detector 11.5 Summary Exercise

12 PRINCIPLES OF SYMBOLIC EXECUTION

12.1 An Overview of Symbolic Execution 12.2 Constraint Solving with Z3 12.3 Summary Exercises

13 PRACTICAL SYMBOLIC EXECUTION WITH TRITON

13.1 Introduction to Triton 13.2 Maintaining Symbolic State with Abstract Syntax Trees 13.3 Backward Slicing with Triton 13.4 Using Triton to Increase Code Coverage 13.5 Automatically Exploiting a Vulnerability 13.6 Summary Exercise

PART IV: APPENDIXES A A CRASH COURSE ON X86 ASSEMBLY

A.1 Layout of an Assembly Program A.2 Structure of an x86 Instruction A.3 Common x86 Instructions A.4 Common Code Constructs in Assembly

B IMPLEMENTING PT_NOTE OVERWRITING USING LIBELF

B.1 Required Headers B.2 Data Structures Used in elfinject B.3 Initializing libelf B.4 Getting the Executable Header B.5 Finding the PT_NOTE Segment B.6 Injecting the Code Bytes B.7 Aligning the Load Address for the Injected Section B.8 Overwriting the .note.ABI-tag Section Header B.9 Setting the Name of the Injected Section B.10 Overwriting the PT_NOTE Program Header B.11 Modifying the Entry Point

C LIST OF BINARY ANALYSIS TOOLS

C.1 Disassemblers C.2 Debuggers C.3 Disassembly Frameworks C.4 Binary Analysis Frameworks

D FURTHER READING

D.1 Standards and References D.2 Papers and Articles D.3 Books

INDEX