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Index
Introduction to Volume Three. 13
1.1: Genomics and Medicine: The Physician's View.. 14
1.2 Ribozymes and RNA Machines – Work of Jennifer A. Doudna. 15
1.3: Genomics and Medicine: Contributions of Genetics and Genomics to Cardiovascular Disease Diagnoses 15
1.3.1 Atherosclerosis Independence: Genetic Polymorphisms of Ion Channels Role in the Pathogenesis of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction and Myocardial Ischemia (Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)). 22
1.3.2 Calcium Cycling (ATPase Pump) in Cardiac Gene Therapy: Inhalable Gene Therapy for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Percutaneous Intra-coronary Artery Infusion for Heart Failure: Contributions by Roger J. Hajjar, MD 49
1.3.3 Cardiac Contractility & Myocardium Performance: Ventricular Arrhythmias and Non-ischemic Heart Failure – Therapeutic Implications for Cardiomyocyte Ryanopathy (Calcium Release-related Contractile Dysfunction) and Catecholamine Responses. 68
1.3.4 Role of Calcium, the Actin Skeleton, and Lipid Structures in Signaling and Cell Motility - Part II 207
1.3.5 Genetics of Conduction Disease: Atrioventricular (AV) Conduction Disease (block): Gene Mutations – Transcription, Excitability, and Energy Homeostasis. 230
1.3.6 Atrioventricular (AV) Conduction Disease (block): Human Mutations affecting the Voltage Clock. 340
1.4 Genomics Orientations for Individualized Medicine, Volume One. 343
1.4.1 CVD Epidemiology, Ethnic subtypes Classification, and Medication Response Variability: Cardiology, Genomics and Individualized Heart Care: Framingham Heart Study (65 y-o study) & Jackson Heart Study (15 y-o study) 343
1.4.2 What comes after finishing the Euchromatic Sequence of the Human Genome?. 349
1.5: Genomics in Medicine - Establishing a Patient-Centric View of Genomic Data. 353
PART 2. 359
2.1 Disease Etiologies. 359
2.1.1 Environmental Contributors Implicated as Causing Cardiovascular Diseases. 359
2.1.2 Diet: Solids, Fluid Intake and Nutraceuticals. 393
2.1.3 Physical Activity and Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases. 441
2.1.3.1 In Two-thirds of Waking Hours Older Women are Sedentary. 441
2.1.3.2 Walking and Running: Similar Risk Reductions for Hypertension, Hypercholesterolemia, DM, and possibly CAD 442
2.1.3.3 Cardiac Arrhythmias: A Risk for Extreme Performance Athletes. 443
2.1.3.4 Preventive Medicine Philosophy: Excercise vs. Drug, IF More of the First THEN Less of the Second 446
2.1.3.5 Heart Rate Variability (HRV) as a Tool 451
2.1.3.6 Is it Hypertension or Physical Inactivity: Cardiovascular Risk and Mortality – New results in 3/2013 452
2.1.3.7 2014 Epidemiology and Prevention, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism Conference: San Francisco, Ca. Conference Dates: San Francisco, CA 3/18-21, 2014. 455
2.1.4 Psychological Stress and Mental Health: Risk for Cardiovascular Diseases. 461
2.1.4.1 Burden of Depressive Disorders. 461
2.1.4.2 Voices from the Cleveland Clinic: Five Super Stress-busting Foods. 467
2.1.5 Correlation between Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases. 468
2.1.5.1 Reuben Shaw, Ph.D., a geneticist and researcher at the Salk Institute: Metabolism Influences Cancer 468
2.1.5.2 Heart Tumors: Etiology and Classification. 477
2.1.5.3 Amyloidosis with Cardiomyopathy. 479
2.1.5.4 Stabilizers that prevent Transthyretin-mediated Cardiomyocyte Amyloidotic Toxicity. 497
2.1.5.5 Cancer Symptom Science: On the Mechanisms underlying the Expression of Cancer-related Symptoms 503
2.1.5.6 Cardio-oncology and Onco-Cardiology Programs: Treatments for Cancer Patients with a History of Cardiovascular Disease. 514
2.1.5.7 Radiation and Chemotherapy Therapy: The Pharmacological Risk for Developing Cardiovascular Disease 532
2.1.5.8 3rd Annual Canadian Cardiac Oncology Network Conference, June 20 – 21, 2013, Ottawa Convention Centre 536
2.1.6 Medical Etiologies for Cardiovascular Diseases: Evidence-based Medicine - Leading DIAGNOSES of Cardiovascular Diseases, Risk Biomarkers and Therapies. 541
2.1.6.1 Genomics & Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease Diagnoses: A Literature Survey of AHA’s Circulation Cardiovascular Genetics, 3/2010 – 3/2013. 541
2.1.6.2 Large-Scale Candidate Gene Analysis in Whites and African Americans Identifies IL6R Polymorphism in Relation to Atrial Fibrillation - The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s. 597
2.1.6.3 Genomics-Based Classification. 597
2.1.6.4 Targeting Untargetable Proto-oncogenes. 598
2.1.6.5 Zebrafish Study Tool 603
2.1.7 Signaling Pathways. 605
2.1.7.1 Contributions to Cardiomyocyte Interactions and Signaling. 605
2.1.7.2 Leptin Signaling in Mediating the Cardiac Hypertrophy associated with Obesity. 639
2.1.7.3 Sensors and Signaling in Oxidative Stress. 655
2.1.7.4 Inhibition of the Cardiomyocyte-Specific Kinase TNNI3K Oxidative Stress Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP 666
2.1.7.5 Triggering of Plaque Disruption and Arterial Thrombosis. 668
2.1.8 Proteomics and Metabolomics. 680
2.1.8.1 The Role of Tight Junction Proteins in Water and Electrolyte Transport. 680
2.1.8.2 Selective Ion Conduction. 703
2.1.8.3 Disruption of Calcium Homeostasis: Cardiomyocytes and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: The Cardiac and Cardiovascular Calcium Signaling Mechanism.. 722
2.1.8.4 Heart, Vascular Smooth Muscle, Excitation-Contraction Coupling (E-CC), Cytoskeleton, Cellular Dynamics and Ca2 Signaling. 756
2.1.8.5 Heart, Smooth Muscle and Cardiomyocyte Cells: Excitation-Contraction Coupling & Ryanodine Receptor (RyR) type-1/type-2 in Cytoskeleton Cellular Dynamics and Ca2+ Signaling. 782
2.1.8.6 Platelets in Translational Research - Part 1. 808
2.1.8.7 Vegan Diet is Sulfur Deficient and Heart Unhealthy. 837
2.1.8.8 Transthyretin and Lean Body Mass in Stable and Stressed State. 840
2.1.8.9 Effect of Dietary Magnesium Intake on Insulin Resistance. 841
2.1.9 Sleep and Cardiovascular Diseases. 845
2.1.9.1 Prolonged Wakefulness: Lack of Sufficient Duration of Sleep as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Diseases - - Indications for Cardiovascular Chrono-therapeutics. 845
2.2 Assessing Cardiovascular Disease with Biomarkers. 859
Introduction on the Diagnostic Value of Cardiac Biomarkers. 859
2.2.1 Issues in Genomics of Cardiovascular Diseases - MicroRNA in Serum as Biomarker for Cardiovascular Pathologies: acute myocardial infarction, viral myocarditis, diastolic dysfunction, and acute heart failure. 861
2.2.1.1 Increased MicroRNA-1 and MicroRNA-133a Levels in Serum of Patients With Cardiovascular. 861
2.2.1.2 Circulating MicroRNA-208b and MicroRNA-499 Reflect Myocardial Damage in rg/10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.110.957415. 861
2.2.1.3 15 Novel Risk Loci for Coronary Artery Disease: found by International Consortium.. 861
2.2.1.4 Biomarkers. Diagnosis and Management. 867
2.2.1.5 Coronary Artery Disease in Symptomatic Patients Referred for Coronary Angiography: Predicted by Serum Protein Profiles Comments. 872
2.2.1.6 Richard Lifton, MD, PhD of Yale University & Howard Hughes Medical Institute: Recipient of 2014 Breakthrough Prizes Awarded in Life Sciences for the Discovery of Genes and Biochemical Mechanisms that cause Hypertension 874
2.2.2: Endothelium, Angiogenesis, and Disordered Coagulation. 885
2.2.2.1 What is the Role of Plasma Viscosity in Hemostasis and Vascular Disease Risk?. 885
2.2.2.2 Special Considerations in Blood Lipoproteins, Viscosity, Assessment and Treatment. 899
2.2.2.3 Biomarkers and risk factors for cardiovascular events, endothelial dysfunction, and thromboembolic complication. 924
2.2.2.4 A future for plasma metabolomics in cardiovascular disease assessment. 931
2.2.2.5 Nitric Oxide Function in Coagulation - Part II 935
2.2.2.6 Nitric Oxide, Platelets, Endothelium and Hemostasis (Coagulation Part II). 960
2.2.2.7 Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR-gamma) Receptors Activation: PPARγ Transrepression for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease and PPARγ Transactivation for Treatment of Diabetes. 986
2.2.2.8 Cardiovascular Risk: C-Reactive Protein BioMarker and Plasma Fibrinogen. 1015
2.2.2.9 Cardiovascular Risk Inflammatory Marker: Risk Assessment for Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke - Atherosclerosis. 1019
2.2.2.10 Importance of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). 1026
2.2.3 Hypertension BioMarkers. 1028
2.2.3.1 Hypertension - JNC 8 Guideline: Henry R. Black, MD, Michael A. Weber, MD and Raymond R. Townsend, MD 1028
2.2.3.2 Imaging Biomarker for Arterial Stiffness: Pathways in Pharmacotherapy for Hypertension and Hypercholesterolemia Management. 1034
2.2.3.3 Hypertension and Vascular Compliance: 2013 Thought Frontier – An Arterial Elasticity Focus. 1070
2.2.3.4 Arterial Hypertension in Young Adults: An Ignored Chronic Problem.. 1090
2.2.3.5 An Important Marker of Hypertension in Youth. 1105
2.2.3.6 IF Elevated Pediatric Blood Pressure THEN High Adult Arterial Stiffness. 1117
2.2.3.7 2014 High Blood Pressure Research Conference, 9/9 - 9/12, 2014 -- Hilton SF Union Square, San Francisco, CA 1133
2.2.4 Inflammatory, Atherosclerotic and Heart Failure Markers. 1136
2.2.4.1 Clinical Trials Results for Endothelin System: Pathophysiological role in Chronic Heart Failure, Acute Coronary Syndromes and MI Marker of Disease Severity or Genetic Determination?. 1137
2.2.4.2 Voices from the Cleveland Clinic On Circulating apoA1: A Biomarker for a Proatherogenic Process in the Artery Wall 1193
2.2.4.3 Voice from the Cleveland Clinic: On the New Lipid Guidelines and On the ACC/AHA Risk Calculator 1207
2.2.4.4 Atherogenesis: Predictor of CVD the Smaller and Denser LDL Particles. 1216
Other related articles on this Open Access Online Scientific Journal include the following: 1226
2.2.4.5 Recombinant Human Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase (rhLCAT): New Biomarker for Atherosclerosis 1227
2.2.4.6 CVD Prevention and Evaluation of Cardiovascular Imaging Modalities: Coronary Calcium Score by CT Scan Screening to justify or not the Use of Statin. 1233
2.2.4.7 The Cardiorenal Syndrome in Heart Failure: Cardiac? Renal? syndrome?. 1251
2.2.4.8 Identification of Biomarkers that are Related to the Actin Cytoskeleton. 1258
2.2.4.9 Publications on Heart Failure by Prof. William Gregory Stevenson, M.D. 1272
2.2.4.10 Is there a role for Galectin-3 in the management of heart failure?. 1302
2.2.4.11 Natriuretic Peptides in Evaluating Dyspnea and Congestive Heart Failure. 1303
2.2.5 Myocardial Markers. 1318
2.2.5.1 Dealing with the Use of the High Sensitivity Troponin (hs cTn) Assays. 1319
2.2.5.2 Amyloidosis with Cardiomyopathy. 1343
2.2.5.3 Renal Function Biomarker, β-trace protein (BTP) as a Novel Biomarker for Cardiac Risk Diagnosis in Patients with Atrial Fibrilation. 1361
2.2.5.4 More on the Performance of High Sensitivity Troponin T and with Amino Terminal Pro BNP in Diabetes 1366
2.2.5.5 Recent Insights into the High Sensitivity Troponins for Acute Coronary Syndromes. 1376
Recent Insights into the High Sensitivity Troponins for Acute Coronary Syndromes. 1377
2.2.5.6 Is there a role for serum copeptin measurement?. 1382
2.2.5.7 “Sudden Cardiac Death,” SudD is in Ferrer inCode’s Suite of Cardiovascular Genetic Tests to be Commercialized in the US. 1384
2.3. Therapeutic Implications: Focus on Ca(2+) signaling, platelets, endothelium.. 1392
2.3.1 The Centrality of Ca(2+) Signaling and Cytoskeleton Involving Calmodulin Kinases and Ryanodine Receptors in Cardiac Failure, Arterial Smooth Muscle, Post-ischemic Arrhythmia, Similarities and Differences, and Pharmaceutical Targets. 1392
2.3.2 EMRE in the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Complex. 1453
2.3.3 Platelets in Translational Research 2: Discovery of Potential Anti-platelet Targets. 1455
2.3.4 The Final Considerations of the Role of Platelets and Platelet Endothelial Reactions in Atherosclerosis and Novel Treatments. 1473
2.3.5 Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors (NOS-I) Larry H Bernstein, MD, FCAP, Stephen J. Williams, PhD, and Aviva Lev-Ari, PhD, RN.. 1508
2.3.6 Resistance to Receptor of Tyrosine Kinase. 1509
2.3.7 Oxidized Calcium Calmodulin Kinase and Atrial Fibrillation. 1512
2.3.8 Advanced Topics in Sepsis and the Cardiovascular System at its End Stage. 1533
2.4 Comorbidity of Diabetes and Aging in Cardiovascular Diseases. 1558
2.4.1 Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology: 1700 MIs and 2300 coronary heart disease events among about 29 000 eligible patients. 1558
2.4.2 Pathophysiological Effects of Diabetes on Ischemic-Cardiovascular Disease and on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). 1561
2.4.3 Risks of Hypoglycemia in Diabetics with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). 1571
2.4.4 Mitochondrial Mechanisms of Disease in Diabetes Mellitus. 1573
2.4.5 Mitochondria: More than just the “powerhouse of the cell”. 1575
2.4.6 Pathophysiology of GLP-1 in Type 2 Diabetes. 1582
2.4.7 Developments in the Genomics and Proteomics of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Treatment Targets 1585
2.4.8 CaKMII Inhibition in Obese, Diabetic Mice leads to Lower Blood Glucose Levels. 1608
2.4.9 Protein Target for Controlling Diabetes, Fractalkine: Mediator cell-to-cell Adhesion though CX3CR1 Receptor, Released from cells Stimulate Insulin Secretion. 1613
2.4.10 Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-gamma) Receptors Activation: PPARγ transrepression for Angiogenesis in Cardiovascular Disease and PPARγ transactivation for Treatment of Diabetes. 1615
2.4.11 CABG or PCI: Patients with Diabetes – CABG Rein Supreme. 1644
2.4.12 Reversal of Cardiac Mitochondrial Dysfunction. 1648
2.4.13 BARI 2D Trial Outcomes. 1671
2.4.14 Overview of new strategy for treatment of T2DM: SGLT2 inhibiting oral antidiabetic agents. 1676
2.5 Drug Toxicity and Cardiovascular Diseases. 1680
2.5.1 Predicting Drug Toxicity for Acute Cardiac Events. 1680
2.5.2 Cardiotoxicity and Cardiomyopathy Related to Drugs Adverse Effects. 1687
2.5.3 Decoding myocardial Ca2+ signals across multiple spatial scales: A role for sensitivity analysis. 1708
2.5.4. Leveraging Mathematical Models to Understand Population Variability in Response to Cardiac Drugs: Eric Sobie, PhD.. 1708
2.5.5 Exploiting mathematical models to illuminate electrophysiological variability between individuals. 1709
2.5.6 Clinical Effects and Cardiac Complications of Recreational Drug Use: Blood pressure changes, Myocardial ischemia and infarction, Aortic dissection, Valvular damage, and Endocarditis, Cardiomyopathy, Pulmonary edema and Pulmonary hypertension, Arrhythmias, Pneumothorax and Pneumopericardium.. 1709
2.6 Male and Female Hormonal Replacement Therapy: The Benefits and the Deleterious Effects on Cardiovascular Diseases 1716
2.6.1 Testosterone Therapy for Idiopathic Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism has Beneficial and Deleterious Effects on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. 1716
2.6.2 Heart Risks and Hormones (HRT) in Menopause: Contradiction or Clarification?. 1741
2.6.3 Calcium Dependent NOS Induction by Sex Hormones: Estrogen. 1747
2.6.4 Role of Progesterone in Breast Cancer Progression. 1752
PART 3. 1757
3.1 Why cancer cells contain abnormal numbers of chromosomes (Aneuploidy). 1757
3.1.1 Aneuploidy and Carcinogenesis. 1757
3.2 Functional Characterization of Cardiovascular Genomics: Disease Case Studies @ 2013 ASHG.. 1760
3.3 Leading DIAGNOSES of Cardiovascular Diseases covered in Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics, 3/2010 – 3/2013 1773
3.3.1: Heredity of Cardiovascular Disorders. 1775
3.3.1.1 Implications of Inheritance for Clinical Management: Common Cardiovascular Disorders When There Is a Family History. 1775
3.3.1.2 Common Heart Failure: Clinical Considerations of Heritable Factors. 1776
3.3.1.3 Maladaptive Vascular Remodeling found by four-dimensional (4D) flow MRI: Outflow Patterns, Wall Shear Stress, and Expression of Aortopathy are caused by Congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) Cusp Fusion 1780
3.3.2: Myocardial Damage. 1794
3.3.2.1 MicroRNA (MicroRNA-1 and MicroRNA-133a) in Serum as Biomarker for Cardiovascular Pathologies: acute myocardial infarction, viral myocarditis, diastolic dysfunction, and acute heart failure. 1794
3.3.3: Hypertention and Atherosclerosis. 1797
3.3.3.1 Cardiometabolic Syndrome and the Genetics of Hypertension: The Neuroendocrine Transcriptome Control Points. 1797
3.3.3.2 Gene Study of Blood Pressure Response to Dietary Potassium Intervention: Genetic Epidemiology of Salt Sensitivity. 1798
3.3.3.3 Genetics of Aortic and Carotid Calcification: The Role of Serum Lipids. 1799
Genetics of Aortic and Carotid Calcification: The Role of Serum Lipids. 1800
3.3.4: Ethnic Variation in Cardiac Structure and Systolic Function. 1801
3.3.4.1 Genetics of Hypertension in African Americans – Gene Association Study. 1801
Genetics of Hypertension in African Americans - Gene Association Study. 1801
3.3.4.2 Atrial Fibrillation: IL6R Polymorphism in Whites and African Americans. 1802
Atrial Fibrillation: IL6R Polymorphism in Whites and African Americans. 1802
3.3.4.3 Atherosclerosis Risk and Highly Sensitive Cardiac Troponin-T Levels in European Americans and Blacks: Genome-Wide Variation Association Study. 1804
Atherosclerosis Risk and Highly Sensitive Cardiac Troponin-T Levels in European Americans and Blacks: Genome-Wide Variation Association Study. 1804
3.3.4.4 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Genes with Subclinical Atherosclerosis in American Indians: Genetic Variants Study. 1805
3.3.5: Aging: Heart and Genetics. 1807
3.3.5.1 Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology: 1700 MIs and 2300 coronary heart disease events among about 29 000 eligible patients: Design of Prospective Meta-Analyses of Genome-Wide Association Studies From 5 Cohorts. Study by Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium 1807
3.3.6: Genetics of Heart Rhythm.. 1811
3.3.6.1 Genetic Analysis of Atrial Fibrillation. 1811
3.3.6.2 Genetics, Myocardium, and Heart Rhythm.. 1835
3.3.6.3 North Americans With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy: Genomics of Ventricular arrhythmias, A-Fib, Right Ventricular Dysplasia, Cardiomyopathy – Comprehensive Desmosome Mutation Analysis 1840
3.3.6.4 Adult Left Atrium: Reduction of Pitx2c Expression Promotes Atrial Fibrillation Inducibility and Complex Changes in Gene Expression. 1841
3.3.6.5 Conduction and Arrhythmias: Genetics and Genomics. 1842
3.3.6.6 Atrioventricular (AV) Conduction Disease (block): Human Mutations affecting the Voltage Clock 1898
3.3.7: Hyperlipidemia, Hyper Cholesterolemia, Metabolic Syndrome. 1901
3.3.7.1 LDL, HDL, TG, ApoA1 and ApoB: Genetic Loci Associated With Plasma Concentration of these Biomarkers – A Genome-Wide Analysis With Replication. 1901
3.3.7.2 Cardiometabolic Syndrome and the Genetics of Hypertension: The Neuroendocrine Transcriptome Control Points. 1903
3.3.7.3 Resuscitation From Sudden Cardiac Arrest: Common Variation in Fatty Acid Genes. 1904
3.3.7.4 New Functional Apolipoprotein B Variant Influencing Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Levels But Not Cardiovascular Events: Genome-Wide Association Study. 1905
3.3.7.5 Strong Lipid Gene Contribution But No Evidence for Common Genetic Basis for Clustering of Metabolic Syndrome Traits: Genome-Wide Screen for Metabolic Syndrome Susceptibility Loci Reveals. 1907
3.3.7.6 CaKMII Inhibition in Obese, Diabetic Mice leads to Lower Blood Glucose Levels. 1908
CaKMII Inhibition in Obese, Diabetic Mice leads to Lower Blood Glucose Levels. 1908
Diabetes: Mouse Studies Point to Kinase as Treatment Target. 1911
3.3.8: Stroke and Ischemic Stroke. 1913
3.3.8.1 Genomics of Incident Ischemic Stroke Events, Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease. 1913
3.3.9: Genetics and Vascular Pathologies and Platelet Aggregation. 1916
3.3.9.1 Aortic Aneurysm Pathogenesis: The Role of TGFβRIIb Mutations in Altering Transforming Growth Factor β2 Signal Transduction. 1916
3.3.9.2 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Genotype as a Potential Genetic Marker 1917
3.3.9.3 Genomics of Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity and Excess Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Common Genetic Variation in the 3′-BCL11B Gene Desert. 1919
Genomics of Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity and Excess Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Common Genetic Variation in the 3′-BCL11B Gene Desert. 1919
3.3.9.4 Platelet Endothelial Aggregation Receptor-1 (PEAR1) Gene to be most strongly associated with Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Response: Genetic Determinants of Variable Response to Aspirin (alone and in combination with Clopidogrel). 1920
3.3.10: Genomics and Valvular Disease. 1922
3.3.10.1 Elastin Arteriopathy: The Genetics of Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis. 1922
3.4 Commentary on Biomarkers for Genetics and Genomics of Cardiovascular Disease. 1923
PART 4. 1929
4.1 Preventive Medicine: Cardiovascular Diseases. 1929
4.1.1 Personal Genomics for Preventive Cardiology Randomized Trial Design and Challenges. 1929
4.2 Gene-Therapy for Cardiovascular Diseases. 1931
4.2.1 Genetic Basis of Cardiomyopathy. 1960
4.3 Congenital Heart Disease/Defects. 1962
4.4 Cardiac Repair: Regenerative Medicine. 1962
4.4.1 A Powerful Tool For Repairing Damaged Hearts. 1963
4.4.2 Modified RNA Induces Vascular Regeneration After a Heart. 1963
4.5 Pharmacogenomics for Cardiovascular Diseases. 1963
4.5.1 Blood Pressure Response to Antihypertensives: Hypertension Susceptibility Loci Study. 1963
4.5.2 Statin-Induced Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Reduction: Genetic Determinants in the Response to Rosuvastatin. 1964
4.5.3 SNPs in apoE are found to influence statin response significantly. Less frequent variants in PCSK9 and smaller effect sizes in SNPs in HMGCR. 1966
4.5.4 Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel and Pharmacogenetic Association with Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes: Hypertension Treatment with Verapamil SR (CCB) vs Atenolol (BB) or Trandolapril (ACE) 1967
4.5.5 Response to Rosuvastatin in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: Hepatic Metabolism and Transporter Gene Variants Effect. 1969
4.5.6 Helping Physicians identify Gene-Drug Interactions for Treatment Decisions: New ‘CLIPMERGE’ program – Personalized Medicine @ The Mount Sinai Medical Center. 1970
4.5.7 Is Pharmacogenetic-based Dosing of Warfarin Superior for Anticoagulation Control?. 1973
Summary & Epilogue. 1978
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