Mac OS X Lion · the Missing Manual by Pogue, David -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Mac OS X Lion: The Missing Manual

The Missing Credits

About the Author

About the Author About the Creative Team Acknowledgments The Missing Manual Series

For Macintosh: For Windows:

Introduction

The Mac Becomes an iPad About This Book

About the Outline About→These→Arrows About MissingManuals.com

The Very Basics

One. The Mac OS X Desktop

0. The New Lion Landscape

Launchpad Full Screen Mode, Safari Full-Screen Apps, Mission Control

1. Folders & Windows

Getting into Mac OS X

Logging In The Elements of the Mac OS X Desktop

The Dock The menu The menu bar Disk icons on the desktop

Windows and How to Work Them

The Sidebar

Fine-tuning the Sidebar

Title Bar Close Button Minimize Button Zoom Button The Folder Proxy Icon The Finder Toolbar Two Clicks, One Window Old Finder Mode Scroll Bars Resizable Edges Path Bar Status Bar

The Four Window Views Icon View

Icon Size Icon Previews Icon-View Options

Always open in icon view Browse in icon view Arrange By, Sort By Icon size Grid spacing Text size Label position Show item info Show icon preview Background Use as Defaults

Arrange By and Sort By

Arranging Sorting Free dragging—and grid spacing

List View

Sorting the List Arranging the List Flippy Triangles Your Choice of Columns Other View Options Rearranging Columns Adjusting Column Widths

Column View

Column View by Keyboard Manipulating the Columns Grouping the Column Contents View Options

Cover Flow View Quick Look

What Quick Look Knows Fun with Quick Look The Quick Look Slideshow

Logging Out, Shutting Down

Sleep Mode Restart Shut Down The “Reopen windows” option Log Out

Getting Help in Mac OS X

2. Organizing Your Stuff

The Mac OS X Folder Structure

Your Home Folder What’s on Your Hard Drive What’s in Your Home Folder

Icon Names Selecting Icons

Selecting by Clicking Selecting Icons from the Keyboard

Moving and Copying Icons

Copying by Dragging Copying or Moving with Copy and Paste Dragging from the Title Bar Spring-Loaded Folders: Dragging Icons into Closed Folders Making Spring-Loaded Folders Work

Aliases: Icons in Two Places at Once

What’s Good about Aliases Broken Aliases

Color Labels

What Labels Are Good For Changing Labels

The Trash

Rescuing Files and Folders from the Trash Emptying the Trash I: Quick and Easy Emptying the Trash II: Secure and Forever Locked Files: The Next Generation

Get Info

Uniwindow vs. Multiwindow The Get Info Panels

Shortcut Menus, Action Menus

3. Spotlight

The Spotlight Menu

How to Handle Your Results Spotlight-Menu Tips Advanced Menu Searches

Use quotes Limit by kind Limit by recent date Limit by metadata Boolean searches

The Spotlight Window

From Spotlight Menu From the Finder The Basic Search

Where to look The suggestions list

Power Searches with Tokens Power Searching the Old Way

Kind Last opened date/Last modified date/Created date Name Contents Other

What to Do with Search Results

Customizing Spotlight

Privacy Settings

Smart Folders

4. Dock, Desktop & Toolbars

The Dock Setting Up the Dock

Organizing and Removing Dock Icons Pop-up Dock Folders (“Stacks”)

Fan vs. grid vs. list

The Finer Points of Pop-up Dock Folders Three Ways to Get the Dock Out of Your Hair

Auto-hiding the Dock Shrinking and enlarging the Dock Moving the Dock to the sides of the screen

Using the Dock

Switch Applications Operate the Dock by Keyboard Control Secret Menus Conduct Speed Tests Drag and Drop Do Your Filing Great Things to Put in Your Dock

The Finder Toolbar

Hiding or Shrinking the Toolbar Customizing the Icons on the Toolbar

Apple’s toolbar-icon collection Adding your own stuff

Rearranging or Removing Toolbar Icons

Designing Your Desktop

System Preferences Graphic Designers’ Corner: The Gray Look Desktop Sounds

Menulets: The Missing Manual

Two. Programs in Mac OS X

5. Documents, Programs, & Mission Control

The Mac App Store Other Ways to Get Mac Software

Downloading Compressed Files

Disk images (.dmg files) Performing the installation

Uninstalling Software

Opening Mac OS X Programs Launchpad

Redesigning the Launchpad Screens Folders Deleting Mac Store Apps

Windows that Auto-Reopen

The Application Menu Quitting Programs Force Quitting Programs

The “Heads-Up” Program Switcher Mission Control: Death to Window Clutter

Starting and Stopping Mission Control

Mission Control keystrokes Screen corners

Managing Windows in Mission Control Spaces in Mission Control Creating a Desktop Switching Spaces Two Eccentric Spaces Settings Pictures for Every Desktop Deleting a Desktop

Dashboard

Dashboard Tips Dashboard Preferences Widget Catalog

The Widgets widget Address Book Calculator Dictionary ESPN Flight Tracker iCal Movies Ski Report Stickies Stocks Tile Game Translation Unit Converter Weather Web Clip World Clock

More Widgets

Installing a widget

Web Clips: Make Your Own Widgets Creating a Web Clips Widget

Exposé

One-App Exposé Desktop Exposé Exposé Tip-O-Rama

Hiding Programs the Old-Fashioned Way

Hiding the Program You’re Using Hiding All Other Programs The Bring-Forward, Hide-All-Others Trick Hiding (Minimizing) Individual Windows

How Documents Know Their Parents

Reassigning Documents to Programs

Reassigning a certain document—just once Reassigning a certain document—permanently Reassigning all documents of one type

Keyboard Control

Control the Menus Control the Dock Cycle Through Your Windows Control the Toolbar Control Tool Palettes Control Menulets Control Dialog Boxes Changing a Menu Keyboard Shortcut Redefining a Keystroke

The Save and Open Dialog Boxes

Sheets The Mini Finder Spotlight Insta-Jumping to a Folder Location The File Format Pop-up Menu The Open File Dialog Box

Auto Save and Versions

Versions

Rewinding to an earlier version Locking documents

Cocoa and Carbon

The Cocoa Difference

The Font Panel Title bar tricks Secret keyboard shortcuts Cool text-selection tricks Background window control

6. Entering Data, Moving Data & Time Machine

The Macintosh Keyboard

The Complicated Story of the Function Keys

Notes on Right-Clicking Power Typing

The Mac OS X Spelling and Grammar Checker Text Substitution (Abbreviation Expansion)

Insert the proper typographical symbols Replace abbreviations with much longer phrases

Case Swapping

The Many Languages of Mac OS X Text

Formats Tab Input Sources Tab The Character Viewer Keyboard Viewer: The Return of Key Caps

Data Detectors Moving Data Between Documents

Cut, Copy, and Paste Drag-and-Drop

When to use drag-and-drop Drag-and-drop to the desktop

Export/Import

Exchanging Data with Other Macs

By Network By Email Using Dropbox By CD or DVD FireWire Disk Mode/Thunderbolt Disk Mode (Target Disk Mode) Via the iPod Via Flash Drive Via Bluetooth

Sending a file Fetching a file

Exchanging Data with Windows PCs

Preparing the Document for Transfer

Is the document in a file format Windows understands? Does the file have the correct file name suffix?

Notes on Disk Swapping Network Notes Via the Internet

Time Machine

Setting up Time Machine How the Backups Work Local Snapshots Changing Time Machine Settings Recovering Lost or Changed Files

Recovering from Address Book and Mail Recovering the entire hard drive Recovering to another Mac

Frequently Asked Questions

7. Services, Automator & AppleScript

Services

Six Services that Come in Handy

Drop in screenshots as you type One-click desktop picture Text-to-email, in one step Text to a spoken iTunes track Make a new sticky note Shorten a long-winded writer

More Great Examples from Downloadable Services Turning Them On and Off—and Adding Keyboard Shortcuts

Automator

Seven Startup Templates Automator Tour

Toolbar Library pane Search box Library Description field button Workflow pane Log viewer

Opening Existing Workflows Understanding a Workflow

Building Your Own Workflow

Build Your Own Web Browser Burn an iPhoto Picture CD

Doing More with Automator

Getting More Action(s) Watch Me Do Mode

Change your startup disk

AppleScript

Two Sample AppleScripts

Open a folder The metronome script

AppleScript vs. Automator

8. Windows on Macintosh

Boot Camp

Installing Boot Camp

Phase 1: Prepare the drivers disk Phase 2: Partition your drive Phase 3: Install Windows Phase 4: Install the drivers

Forth and Back, Windows/Mac Keyboard Translation Guide Accessing Mac Files from the Dark Side—and Vice Versa

Windows in a Window

Virtualization Tip-o-Rama

Life with Microsoft Exchange

Connecting to Exchange Exchange in Mail Exchange in iCal Exchange in Address Book

Three. The Components of Mac OS X

9. System Preferences

The System Preferences Window Bluetooth

Advanced Options

CDs & DVDs Date & Time

Date & Time Tab Time Zone Tab Clock Tab

Desktop & Screen Saver

Desktop Pictures

Using your own pictures Making the picture fit Auto picture changing

Screen Saver

Apple Pictures Activating the screen saver

Displays

Display Tab Arrangement Tab Color Tab

Dock Energy Saver

Sleep Sliders Checkbox Options Scheduled Startup and Shutdown

General

Changing Colors Tweaking the Scroll Bars Number of Recent Items Restore Windows when Quitting and Reopening Apps Use LCD Font Smoothing when Available Turning Off Text Smoothing for Font Sizes __ and Smaller

iCloud Keyboard

Keyboard Keyboard Shortcuts

Language & Text Mail, Contacts & Calendars Mission Control MobileMe Mouse

Tracking Speed, Double-Click Speed The Mighty Mouse and Magic Mouse

Network Parental Controls Print & Scan Security & Privacy Sharing Software Update

Scheduled Check Tab Installed Software

Sound

Sound Effects Tab Output Tab Input Tab

Speech Spotlight Startup Disk Time Machine Trackpad

Point & Click Scroll & Zoom More Gestures

Universal Access

Seeing Tab (Magnifying the Screen)

VoiceOver Zoom Display (inverted colors)

Hearing Tab (Flashing the Screen) Keyboard Tab (Typing Assistance) Mouse & Trackpad Tab (Cursor Control from the Keyboard)

Users & Groups

10. The Free Programs

Your Free Mac OS X Programs Address Book App Store Automator Calculator

Conversions

Chess

Playing a Game of Chess Chess Prefs Studying Your Games

Dashboard Dictionary DVD Player FaceTime

Place a FaceTime Call Once You’re Connected Receiving Calls

Font Book GarageBand iCal

Working with Views Making an Appointment

The mousy way The Quick Event way Alarms, repeats, and other details

What to Do with an Appointment

Editing events Rescheduling events Lengthening or shortening events Printing events Deleting events

Searching for Events The “Calendar” Category Concept “Publishing” Calendars to the Web

Publishing Subscribing

Google and Yahoo Calendars To Do Lists Syncing iCal with Your iPhone, iPad, and Other Computers

iChat iDVD Image Capture

Import To: Import Some, Import All Scanning

More power to you

iMovie, iPhoto iTunes Launchpad Mail Mission Control Photo Booth

Still Photos 4-Up Photos Movies Exporting Shots and Movies

Preview

Importing Camera Photos Operating Your Scanner Multiple Pages, Multiple Views Preview as Graphics Viewer

Bunches o’ graphics Cropping graphics Fixing up photos Cutting people out of backgrounds Converting file formats

Preview as PDF Reader The Toolbar

QuickTime Player Safari Stickies

Creating Sticky Notes Growing and Shrinking Notes Formatting Notes Saving Sticky Notes

System Preferences TextEdit

TextEdit’s Two Personalities Working in TextEdit Style Sheets Tables TextEdit as Web Designer The TextEdit Preferences TextEdit’s Other Writing Tools

Time Machine Utilities: Your Mac OS X Toolbox

Activity Monitor

The Processes table The System monitor tabs

AirPort Utility AppleScript Editor Audio MIDI Setup Bluetooth File Exchange Boot Camp Assistant ColorSync Utility Console DigitalColor Meter Disk Utility

Disk Utility, the hard drive repair program Disk Utility, the disk-image program Turning an image into a CD

Grab Grapher Java Preferences Keychain Access Migration Assistant Network Utility Podcast Capture RAID Utility System Information

Saving a report

Terminal VoiceOver Utility

11. CDs, DVDs & iTunes

Disks Today

Hard Drives CDs, DVDs Flash Drives

Disks In, Disks Out Startup Disks

Selecting a Startup Disk Erasing a Disk

Burning CDs and DVDs

Burn Folders: Without the Disc When You Have a Blank Disc on Hand

iTunes: The Digital Jukebox

Library Store Devices Shared Genius Playlists

Creating playlists Smart playlists

Audio CDs

Copying (ripping) CD songs to your hard drive

The iPod, iPhone, and iPad Playing with Playback

Turning on visuals Keyboard control Playing with the graphic equalizer Sound Check: Preventing ear-blast syndrome

Burning Music CDs

DVD Movies

Playing a Movie Language Fun Bookmarks and Video Clips Chapter Thumbnails The Big Picture Mac OS X and Disk Capacity

Four. The Technologies of Mac OS X

12. Accounts, Parental Controls & Security

Introducing Accounts

The First Account

Creating an Account

Phase 1: Choose an Account Type

Administrator accounts Standard accounts Managed accounts with Parental Controls Sharing Only account Group The Guest account

Phase 2: Name, Password, and Status Phase 3: Choose a Picture Phase 4: Startup Items

Parental Controls

Apps Tab

Use Simple Finder

Web Tab People Tab Time Limits Other Tab

Editing Accounts

Deleting Accounts

Setting Up the Login Process Signing In, Logging Out

Identifying Yourself Logging Out

Sharing Across Accounts Fast User Switching Five Mac OS X Security Shields

The Firewall FileVault Logout Options The Password Assistant The Keychain

Locking and unlocking the Keychain Managing Keychain Multiple Keychains Keychain files

Two Mac OS X Privacy Shields

Send Diagnostic & Usage Data to Apple Enable Location Services

13. Networking, File Sharing & AirDrop

Wiring the Network

Ethernet Networks WiFi Networks Cell Networks FireWire Networks

File Sharing: Three Ways AirDrop Sharing Your Public Folder Sharing Any Folder

The Get Info Method The System Preferences Method

Accessing Shared Files

Connection Method A: Use the Sidebar Connection Method B: Connect to Server Disconnecting Yourself Disconnecting Others

Networking with Windows

Seated at the Mac, Seeing the PC Seated at the PC, Seeing the Mac More Mac-Windows Connections

Screen Sharing

Other Mac: Give Permission in Advance Your Mac: Take Control The Toolbar Variations on Screen Sharing

Screen sharing through iChat Screen sharing with a pre-Leopard Mac Screen sharing the manual way Screen sharing with Back to My Mac

More Dialing In from the Road

14. Printing, Scanning, Fonts & Graphics

Mac Meets Printer

Setting Up a Printer Printer Preferences

Making the Printout

Printing

Managing Printouts Printer Sharing Faxing PDF Files

Opening PDF Files Creating PDF Files

Fonts—and Font Book

Where Fonts Live Font Book: Installing and Managing Fonts

Looking over your fonts Printing a reference sheet Eliminating duplicates Adding, removing, and hiding fonts Font collections Font libraries Exporting fonts

The Fonts Panel

Choosing fonts from the Fonts panel Designing collections and favorites

ColorSync

Getting ColorSync Profiles Default Profiles More on ColorSync

Graphics in Mac OS X

Graphics Formats in Mac OS X

Screen-Capture Keystrokes

The Whole Screen One Section of the Screen A Dialog Box, Menu, Window, or Icon

15. Sound, Movies & Speech

Playing Sounds

Controlling the Volume Alert Beeps and You

Choosing an alert beep Adding new alert beeps

Recording Sound

Making the Recording

QuickTime Player

Fancy Playback Tricks

Editing movies Recording movies with QuickTime Player Recording screen movies

Internet Streaming QuickTime

Streaming video from your browser

Eight Ways to Export Your Video

Send to iTunes Post to YouTube, Vimeo, Flickr, Facebook Send to iMovie Send to Mail Saving the finished movie

Speech Recognition

Your First Conversation with the Mac

The Feedback window The Speech Commands window Speaking to the Mac

Customizing Speech Recognition

Changing when the Mac listens Changing the feedback Triggering menus by voice Improving the Mac’s vocabulary Application-specific commands Speech tips, tricks, and troubleshooting

The Mac Reads to You

Setting Up the Mac’s Voice

Announce when alerts are displayed Announce when an application requires your attention Speak selected text when the key is pressed

VoiceOver Ink: Handwriting Recognition

16. The Unix Crash Course

Terminal

Unix Programs

Navigating in Unix

pwd (Print Working Directory, or “Where am I?”) ls (List, or “What’s in here?”)

About flags

cd (Change Directory, or “Let Me See Another Folder”) .. (Dot-Dot, or “Back Me Out”) Keystroke-Saving Features

Tab completion Using the Wildcards

Directory Switching The ~ Shortcut

Special keys

Working with Files and Directories

cp (Copy)

Copying in place Copying and renaming Copying without renaming Multiple files

mv (Moving and Renaming Files and Directories)

Moving files and directories Option flags

mkdir (Create New Directories) touch (Create Empty Files) rm (Remove Files and Directories) srm (Secure Removal) echo (A Final Check)

Unix Help

Using man Other Unix Help

Terminal Preferences

Startup Settings

Text Window Shell Keyboard

Window Groups Connect to Server

Terminal Tips and Tricks

Split Windows Switching Windows Noncontiguous Selection Double-Clickable Unix Tools Services for Terminal

Changing Permissions

Looking at Permissions File-Mode Code Group Detective Work chmod (Change Mode) Permission to Change Permissions sudo chgrp (Change Group) Protecting Files En Masse Making Files Hide

20 Useful Unix Utilities

bc kill open ps shutdown tar, gzip, zip top (table of processes) xattr (extended attributes) Aliases nano date grep find mdfind launchd sips FTP and SFTP

Putting It Together

Five. Mac OS X Online

17. Internet Setup & iCloud

The Best News You’ve Heard All Day Network Central and Multihoming

Multihoming

Broadband Connections

Automatic Configuration Manual Configuration Ethernet Connections WiFi Connections Commercial Hot Spots

Cellular Modems Tethering Dial-Up Modem Connections Switching Locations

Creating a New Location Making the Switch

Internet Sharing

Turning On Internet Sharing

iCloud

What iCloud Giveth What iCloud Taketh Away From Mobile Me to iCloud Starting Up iCloud iCloud Sync Photo Stream Find My Mac, Find My iPhone Email Books, Music, Apps, Movies: the Locker in the Sky

Internet Location Files

18. Mail & Contacts

Setting Up Mail

Importing Old Mail

Checking Your Mail

The Mailboxes List Tailoring the Look of Mail

Tweaking the Lion layout Tweaking the Classic layout The toolbar

Writing Messages

Attaching Files to Messages Signatures

Stationery Reading Email

Conversation View Adding the Sender to Your Address Book Data Detectors Opening Attachments Replying to a Message Forwarding Messages Redirecting Messages Printing Messages Filing Messages Flagging Messages Finding Messages Deleting Messages

Emptying the Trash folder Turning deleted mail invisible Archiving messages

Exporting Mailboxes Message Rules

Setting up message rules

The Anti-Spam Toolkit

Using the Junk Mail Filter More Anti-Spam Tips

RSS Feeds

Adding RSS Feeds Managing Feeds

Notes To Dos Address Book

Importing Addresses

Importing from Yahoo, Google, Exchange, or another Internet service Importing from another address-book program About vCards

Creating Address Cards

Editing an address Adding addresses from Mail

Groups

Smart groups Removing someone from a group

Adding Pictures

Replacing and removing a picture

Finding an Address Changing the Address Book Display Printing Options Address Book Backups

19. Safari

The Three Biggies in Lion

Full Screen and Gestures The Reading List The Download Manager

Browsing Basics

Scrolling Safari Toolbars

Toolbar (address bar)

Toolbar buttons Bookmarks Bar Status Bar

Tips for Better Surfing

Reader Graphics Worth Saving SnapBack Stifle Pop-Ups and Pop-Unders Five Ways to Magnify a Page Keyboard Control Where Am I? Faster Browsing without Graphics Viewing Web Pages Offline Sending a Page to a Friend Expanding Web Forms Designate Your Start Page The History Menu Finding Text on Web Pages PDF Pages Online

Tabbed Browsing RSS: The Missing Manual

Viewing an RSS Feed RSS Tricks

Creating RSS summaries The personal clipping service The RSS screen saver Make feeds open automatically

20. iChat

Welcome to iChat Many Chat Networks Setting Up Your Chat Account(s) The Buddy List Making a List

Broadcasting Your Status Sorting and Sizing Your Friends

Let the Chat Begin

They Invite You You Invite Them

Text Chatting

In-Chat Fun Popping the Balloons

Audio Chats Video Chats

Equipment Requirements Starting the Video Call Bluescreen Backdrops and Video FX

Juggling Chats and Windows Sharing Your Screen iChat Theater

21. SSH, FTP, VPN & Web Sharing

Web Sharing

Firing Up Web Sharing The Mac’s Own Web Site The Easiest Way to Distribute Files More on Apache

FTP

Uploading and Downloading from FTP Sites Just Downloading from FTP Sites

Connecting from the Road Remote Access with SSH

Getting In Remote Control Program Killing

Virtual Private Networking

Setting Up the VPN Connection Connecting to a VPN The Fine Points of VPN

Six. Appendixes

A. Installing Mac OS X Lion

Hardware Requirements Psychological Requirements The Standard Installation The Setup Assistant

After Installing Over Snow Leopard After Installing onto a Blank Drive

The Homemade Lion Installer Disk

Phase 1: Format the Drive Phase 2: Build Your Installer

Uninstalling Mac OS X 10.7 Lion

B. Troubleshooting

Minor Eccentric Behavior

First Resort: Repair Permissions Second Resort: Look for an Update Third Resort: Toss the Prefs File Fourth Resort: Restart Last Resort: Trash and Reinstall the Program

Frozen Programs (Force Quitting) Recovery Mode: Three Emergency Disks

The Recovery HD Lion Internet Recovery Physical Recovery Disks

Application Won’t Open Startup Problems

Kernel Panic Safe Mode (Safe Boot) Gray Screen During Startup Blue Screen During Startup Forgotten Password

Fixing the Disk

Method 1: Disk Utility Method 2: fsck at the Console

Single-user mode (⌘-S at startup)

Where to Get Troubleshooting Help

Help Online Help by Telephone

C. The Windows-to-Mac Dictionary

About [this program]

About [this program] Accessibility Options control panel Active Desktop Add Hardware control panel Add or Remove Programs control panel All Programs Alt key Automatic Update Backspace key Battery level BIOS Briefcase Calculator Camera and Scanner Wizard CDs Character Map Clean Install Clipboard Command line Control Panel Copy, Cut, Paste Ctrl key Date and Time Delete Key (Forward Delete) Desktop Directories Disk Defragmenter Disks Display control panel DLL files DOS prompt Drivers End Task dialog box Exiting programs Explorer Favorites Faxing File Sharing Floppy disks Folder Options Fonts Help and Support Hibernation Internet Explorer Internet Options IRQs Java Keyboard control panel Logging in Mail control panel Maximize button Menus Minimize button Mouse control panel (My) Computer (My) Documents, (My) Pictures, (My) Music (My) Network Places Network Neighborhood Notepad Personal Web Server Phone and Modem Options control panel Power Options Printer Sharing Printers and Faxes PrntScrn key Program Files folder Properties dialog box Recycle Bin Regional and Language Options control panel Registry Run command Safe Mode ScanDisk Scheduled Tasks Scrap files Screen saver Search Shortcut menus Shortcuts Sounds and Audio Devices Speech control panel Standby mode Start menu StartUp folder System control panel System Tray Taskbar Taskbar and Start Menu control panel “Three-fingered salute” ToolTips TweakUI User Accounts control panel Windows (or WINNT) folder Windows logo key Windows Media Player Windows Messenger WordPad Zip files

D. The Master Mac OS X Secret Keystroke List

Startup Keystrokes

Startup Keystrokes In the Finder Menu Finder Menu File Menu Edit Menu View Menu Go Menu Window Menu Help Menu Power Keys The Dock Managing Programs Dialog Boxes Trackpad Gestures Magic Mouse Gestures

Index About the Author Colophon

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