Delphi Collected Works of Saint Augustine (Illustrated) by Augustine, St. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY NOTE PREFACE, SHOWING THAT TO TEACH RULES FOR THE INTERPRETATION OF SCRIPTURE IS NOT A SUPERFLUOUS TASK. BOOK I. CONTAINING A GENERAL VIEW OF THE SUBJECTS TREATED IN HOLY SCRIPTURE. ARGUMENT. CHAP. 1. - : THE INTERPRETATION OF SCRIPTURE DEPENDS ON THE DISCOVERY AND ENUNCIATION OF THE MEANING, AND IS TO BE UNDERTAKEN IN DEPENDENCE ON GOD’S AID. CHAP. 2. - : WHAT A THING IS, AND WHAT A SIGN. CHAP. 3. - : SOME THINGS ARE FOR USE, SOME FOR ENJOYMENT. CHAP. 4. - : DIFFERENCE OF USE AND ENJOYMENT. CHAP. 5. - : THE TRINITY THE TRUE OBJECT OF ENJOYMENT. CHAP. 6. - : IN WHAT SENSE GOD IS INEFFABLE. CHAP. 7. - : WHAT ALL MEN UNDERSTAND BY THE TERM GOD. CHAP. 8. - : GOD TO BE ESTEEMED ABOVE ALL ELSE, BECAUSE HE IS UNCHANGEABLE WISDOM. CHAP. 9. - : ALL ACKNOWLEDGE THE SUPERIORITY OF UNCHANGEABLE WISDOM TO THAT WHICH IS VARIABLE. CHAP. 10. - : TO SEE GOD, THE SOUL MUST BE PURIFIED. CHAP. 11. - : WISDOM BECOMING INCARNATE, A PATTERN TO US OF PURIFICATION. CHAP. 12. - : IN WHAT SENSE THE WISDOM OF GOD CAME TO US. CHAP. 13. - : THE WORD WAS MADE FLESH. CHAP. 14. - : HOW THE WISDOM OF GOD HEALED MAN. CHAP. 15. - : FAITH IS BUTTRESSED BY THE RESURRECTION AND ASCENSION OF CHRIST, AND IS STIMULATED BY HIS COMING TO JUDGMENT. CHAP. 16. - : CHRIST PURGES HIS CHURCH BY MEDICINAL AFFLICTIONS. CHAP. 17. - : CHRIST, BY FORGIVING OUR SINS, OPENED THE WAY TO OUR HOME. CHAP. 18. - : THE KEYS GIVEN TO THE CHURCH. CHAP. 19. - : BODILY AND SPIRITUAL DEATH AND RESURRECTION. CHAP. 20. - : THE RESURRECTION TO DAMNATION. CHAP. 21. - : NEITHER BODY NOR SOUL EXTINGUISHED AT DEATH. CHAP. 22. - : GOD ALONE TO BE ENJOYED. CHAP. 23. - : MAN NEEDS NO INJUNCTION TO LOVE HIMSELF AND HIS OWN BODY. CHAP. 24. - : NO MAN HATES HIS OWN FLESH, NOT EVEN THOSE WHO ABUSE IT. CHAP. 25. - : A MAN MAY LOVE SOMETHING MORE THAN HIS BODY, BUT DOES NOT THEREFORE HATE HIS BODY. CHAP. 26. - : THE COMMAND TO LOVE GOD AND OUR NEIGHBOR INCLUDES A COMMAND TO LOVE OURSELVES. CHAP. 27. - : THE ORDER OF LOVE. CHAP. 28. - : HOW WE ARE TO DECIDE WHOM TO AID. CHAP. 29. - : WE ARE TO DESIRE AND ENDEAVOR THAT ALL MEN MAY LOVE GOD. CHAP. 30. - : WHETHER ANGELS ARE TO BE RECKONED OUR NEIGHBORS. CHAP. 31. - : GOD USES RATHER THAN ENJOYS US. CHAP. 32. - : IN WHAT WAY GOD USES MAN. CHAP. 33. - : IN WHAT WAY MAN SHOULD BE ENJOYED. CHAP. 34. - : CHRIST THE FIRST WAY TO GOD. CHAP. 35. - : THE FULFILLMENT AND END OF SCRIPTURE IS THE LOVE OF GOD AND OUR NEIGHBOR. CHAP. 36. - : THAT INTERPRETATION OF SCRIPTURE WHICH BUILDS US UP IN LOVE IS NOT PERNICIOUSLY DECEPTIVE NOR MENDACIOUS, EVEN THOUGH IT BE FAULTY. THE INTERPRETER, HOWEVER, SHOULD BE CORRECTED. CHAP. 37. - : DANGERS OF MISTAKEN INTERPRETATION. CHAP. 38. - : LOVE NEVER FAILETH. CHAP. 39. - : HE WHO IS MATURE IN FAITH, HOPE AND LOVE, NEEDS SCRIPTURE NO LONGER. CHAP. 40. - : WHAT MANNER OF READER SCRIPTURE DEMANDS. BOOK II. ARGUMENT. CHAP. 1. - : SIGNS, THEIR NATURE AND VARIETY. CHAP. 2. - : OF THE KIND OF SIGNS WE ARE NOW CONCERNED WITH. CHAP. 3. - : AMONG SIGNS, WORDS HOLD THE CHIEF PLACE. CHAP. 4. - : ORIGIN OF WRITING. CHAP. 5. - : SCRIPTURE TRANSLATED INTO VARIOUS LANGUAGES. CHAP. 6. - : USE OF THE OBSCURITIES IN SCRIPTURE WHICH ARISE FROM ITS FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE. CHAP. 7. - : STEPS TO WISDOM: FIRST, FEAR; SECOND, PIETY; THIRD, KNOWLEDGE; FOURTH, RESOLUTION; FIFTH, COUNSEL; SIXTH, PURIFICATION OF HEART; SEVENTH, STOP OR TERMINATION, WISDOM. CHAP. 8. - : THE CANONICAL BOOKS. CHAP. 9. - : HOW WE SHOULD PROCEED IN STUDYING SCRIPTURE. CHAP. 10. - : UNKNOWN OR AMBIGUOUS SIGNS PREVENT SCRIPTURE FROM BEING UNDERSTOOD. CHAP. 11. - : KNOWLEDGE OF LANGUAGES, ESPECIALLY OF GREEK AND HEBREW, NECESSARY TO REMOVE IGNORANCE OF SIGNS. CHAP. 12. - : A DIVERSITY OF INTERPRETATIONS IS USEFUL. ERRORS ARISING FROM AMBIGUOUS WORDS. CHAP. 13. - : HOW FAULTY INTERPRETATIONS CAN BE EMENDED. CHAP. 14. - : HOW THE MEANING OF UNKNOWN WORDS AND IDIOMS IS TO BE DISCOVERED. CHAP. 15. - : AMONG VERSIONS A PREFERENCE IS GIVEN TO THE SEPTUAGINT AND THE ITALA. CHAP. 16. - : THE KNOWLEDGE BOTH OF LANGUAGE AND THINGS IS HELPFUL FOR THE UNDERSTANDING OF FIGURATIVE EXPRESSIONS. CHAP. 17. - : ORIGIN OF THE LEGEND OF THE NINE MUSES. CHAP. 18. - : NO HELP IS TO BE DESPISED, EVEN THOUGH IT COME FROM A PROFANE SOURCE. CHAP. 19. - : TWO KINDS OF HEATHEN KNOWLEDGE. CHAP. 20. - : THE SUPERSTITIOUS NATURE OF HUMAN INSTITUTIONS. CHAP. 21. - : SUPERSTITION OF ASTROLOGERS. CHAP. 22. - : THE FOLLY OF OBSERVING THE STARS IN ORDER TO PREDICT THE EVENTS OF A LIFE. CHAP. 23. - : WHY WE REPUDIATE ARTS OF DIVINATION. CHAP. 24. - : THE INTERCOURSE AND AGREEMENT WITH DEMONS WHICH SUPERSTITIOUS OBSERVANCES MAINTAIN. CHAP. 25. - : IN HUMAN INSTITUTIONS WHICH ARE NOT SUPERSTITIOUS, THERE ARE SOME THINGS SUPERFLUOUS AND SOME CONVENIENT AND NECESSARY. CHAP. 26. - : WHAT HUMAN CONTRIVANCES WE ARE TO ADOPT, AND WHAT WE ARE TO AVOID. CHAP. 27. - : SOME DEPARTMENTS OF KNOWLEDGE, NOT OF MERE HUMAN INVENTION, AID US IN INTERPRETING SCRIPTURE. CHAP. 28. - : TO WHAT EXTENT HISTORY IS AN AID. CHAP. 29. - : TO WHAT EXTENT NATURAL SCIENCE IS AN EXEGETICAL AID. CHAP. 30. - : WHAT THE MECHANICAL ARTS CONTRIBUTE TO EXEGETICS. CHAP. 31. - : USE OF DIALECTICS. OF FALLACIES. CHAP. 32. - : VALID LOGICAL SEQUENCE IS NOT DEVISED BUT ONLY OBSERVED BY MAN. CHAP. 33. - : FALSE INFERENCES MAY BE DRAWN FROM VALID REASONINGS, AND VICE VERSA. CHAP. 34. - : IT IS ONE THING TO KNOW THE LAWS OF INFERENCE, ANOTHER TO KNOW THE TRUTH OF OPINIONS. CHAP. 35. - : THE SCIENCE OF DEFINITION IS NOT FALSE, THOUGH IT MAY BE APPLIED TO FALSITIES. CHAP. 36. - : THE RULES OF ELOQUENCE ARE TRUE, THOUGH SOMETIMES USED TO PERSUADE MEN OF WHAT IS FALSE. CHAP. 37. - : USE OF RHETORIC AND DIALECTIC. CHAP. 38. - : THE SCIENCE OF NUMBERS NOT CREATED, BUT ONLY DISCOVERED, BY MAN. CHAP. 39. - : TO WHICH OF THE ABOVE-MENTIONED STUDIES ATTENTION SHOULD BE GIVEN, AND IN WHAT SPIRIT. CHAP. 40. - : WHATEVER HAS BEEN RIGHTLY SAID BY THE HEATHEN, WE MUST APPROPRIATE TO OUR USES. CHAP. 41. - : WHAT KIND OF SPIRIT IS REQUIRED FOR THE STUDY OF HOLY SCRIPTURE. CHAP. 42. - : SACRED SCRIPTURE COMPARED WITH PROFANE AUTHORS. BOOK III. ARGUMENT. CHAP. 1. - : SUMMARY OF THE FOREGOING BOOKS, AND SCOPE OF THAT WHICH FOLLOWS. CHAP. 2. - : RULE FOR REMOVING AMBIGUITY BY ATTENDING TO PUNCTUATION. CHAP. 3. - : HOW PRONUNCIATION SERVES TO REMOVE AMBIGUITY DIFFERENT KINDS OF INTERROGATION. CHAP. 4. - : HOW AMBIGUITIES MAY BE SOLVED. CHAP. 5. - : IT IS A WRETCHED SLAVERY WHICH TAKES THE FIGURATIVE EXPRESSIONS OF SCRIPTURE IN A LITERAL SENSE. CHAP. 6. - : UTILITY OF THE BONDAGE OF THE JEWS. CHAP. 7. - : THE USELESS BONDAGE OF THE GENTILES. CHAP. 8. - : THE JEWS LIBERATED FROM THEIR BONDAGE IN ONE WAY, THE GENTILES IN ANOTHER. CHAP. 9. - : WHO IS IN BONDAGE TO SIGNS, AND WHO NOT. CHAP. 10. - : HOW WE ARE TO DISCERN WHETHER A PHRASE IS FIGURATIVE. CHAP. 11. - : RULE FOR INTERPRETING PHRASES WHICH SEEM TO ASCRIBE SEVERITY TO GOD AND THE SAINTS. CHAP. 12. - : RULE FOR INTERPRETING THOSE SAYINGS AND ACTIONS WHICH ARE ASCRIBED TO GOD AND THE SAINTS, AND WHICH YET SEEM TO THE UNSKILLFUL TO BE WICKED. CHAP. 13. - : SAME SUBJECT, CONTINUED. CHAP. 14. - : ERROR OF THOSE WHO THINK THAT THERE IS NO ABSOLUTE RIGHT AND WRONG. CHAP. 15. - : RULE FOR INTERPRETING FIGURATIVE EXPRESSIONS. CHAP. 16. - : RULE FOR INTERPRETING COMMANDS AND PROHIBITIONS. CHAP. 17. - : SOME COMMANDS ARE GIVEN TO ALL IN COMMON, OTHERS TO PARTICULAR CLASSES. CHAP. 18. - : WE MUST TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION THE TIME AT WHICH ANYTHING WAS ENJOYED OR ALLOWED. CHAP. 19. - : WICKED MEN JUDGE OTHERS BY THEMSELVES. CHAP. 20. - : CONSISTENCY OF GOOD MEN IN ALL OUTWARD CIRCUMSTANCES. CHAP. 21. - : DAVID NOT LUSTFUL, THOUGH HE FELL INTO ADULTERY. CHAP. 22. - : RULE REGARDING PASSAGES OF SCRIPTURE IN WHICH APPROVAL IS EXPRESSED OF ACTIONS WHICH ARE NOW CONDEMNED BY GOOD MEN. CHAP. 23. - : RULE REGARDING THE NARRATIVE OF SINS OF GREAT MEN. CHAP. 24. - : THE CHARACTER OF THE EXPRESSIONS USED IS ABOVE ALL TO HAVE WEIGHT. CHAP. 25. - : THE SAME WORD DOES NOT ALWAYS SIGNIFY THE SAME THING. CHAP. 26. - : OBSCURE PASSAGES ARE TO BE INTERPRETED BY THOSE WHICH ARE CLEARER. CHAP. 27. - : ONE PASSAGE SUSCEPTIBLE OF VARIOUS INTERPRETATIONS. CHAP. 28. - : IT IS SAFER TO EXPLAIN A DOUBTFUL PASSAGE BY OTHER PASSAGES OF SCRIPTURE THAN BY REASON. CHAP. 29. - : THE KNOWLEDGE OF TROPES IS NECESSARY. CHAP. 30. - : THE RULES OF TICHONIUS THE DONATIST EXAMINED. CHAP. 31. - : THE FIRST RULE OF TICHONIUS. CHAP. 32. - : THE SECOND RULE OF TICHONIUS. CHAP. 33. - : THE THIRD RULE OF TICHONIUS. CHAP. 34. - : THE FOURTH RULE OF TICHONIUS. CHAP. 35. - : THE FIFTH RULE OF TICHONIUS. CHAP. 36. - : THE SIXTH RULE OF TICHONIUS. CHAP. 37. - : THE SEVENTH RULE OF TICHONIUS. BOOK IV. ARGUMENT. CHAP. 1. - : THIS WORK NOT INTENDED AS A TREATISE ON RHETORIC. CHAP. 2. - : IT IS LAWFUL FOR A CHRISTIAN TEACHER TO USE THE ART OF RHETORIC. CHAP. 3. - : THE PROPER AGE AND THE PROPER MEANS FOR ACQUIRING RHETORICAL SKILL. CHAP. 4. - : THE DUTY OF THE CHRISTIAN TEACHER. CHAP. 5. - : WISDOM OF MORE IMPORTANCE THAN ELOQUENCE TO THE CHRISTIAN TEACHER. CHAP. 6. - : THE SACRED WRITERS UNITE ELOQUENCE WITH WISDOM. CHAP. 7. - : EXAMPLES OF TRUE ELOQUENCE DRAWN FROM THE EPISTLES OF PAUL AND THE PROPHECIES OF AMOS. CHAP. 8. - : THE OBSCURITY OF THE SACRED WRITERS, THOUGH COMPATIBLE WITH ELOQUENCE, NOT TO BE IMITATED BY CHRISTIAN TEACHERS. CHAP. 9. - : HOW, AND WITH WHOM, DIFFICULT PASSAGES ARE TO BE DISCUSSED. CHAP. 10. - : THE NECESSITY FOR PERSPICUITY OF STYLE. CHAP. 11. - : THE CHRISTIAN TEACHER MUST SPEAK CLEARLY, BUT NOT INELEGANTLY. CHAP. 12. - : THE AIM OF THE ORATOR, ACCORDING TO CICERO, IS TO TEACH, TO DELIGHT, AND TO MOVE. OF THESE, TEACHING IS THE MOST ESSENTIAL. CHAP. 13. - : THE HEARER MUST BE MOVED AS WELL AS INSTRUCTED. CHAP. 14. - : BEAUTY OF DICTION TO BE IN KEEPING WITH THE MATTER. CHAP. 15. - : THE CHRISTIAN TEACHER SHOULD PRAY BEFORE PREACHING. CHAP. 16. - : HUMAN DIRECTIONS NOT TO BE DESPISED, THOUGH GOD MAKES THE TRUE TEACHER. CHAP. 17. - : THREEFOLD DIVISION OF THE VARIOUS STYLES OF SPEECH. CHAP. 18. - : THE CHRISTIAN ORATOR IS CONSTANTLY DEALING WITH GREAT MATTERS. CHAP. 19. - : THE CHRISTIAN TEACHER MUST USE DIFFERENT STYLES ON DIFFERENT OCCASIONS. CHAP. 20. - : EXAMPLES OF THE VARIOUS STYLES DRAWN FROM SCRIPTURE. CHAP. 21. - : EXAMPLES OF THE VARIOUS STYLES, DRAWN FROM THE TEACHERS OF THE CHURCH, ESPECIALLY AMBROSE AND CYPRIAN. CHAP. 22. - : THE NECESSITY OF VARIETY IN STYLE. CHAP. 23. - : HOW THE VARIOUS STYLES SHOULD BE MINGLED. CHAP. 24. - : THE EFFECTS PRODUCED BY THE MAJESTIC STYLE. CHAP. 25. - : HOW THE TEMPERATE STYLE IS TO BE USED. CHAP. 26. - : IN EVERY STYLE THE ORATOR SHOULD AIM AT PERSPICUITY, BEAUTY, AND PERSUASIVENESS. CHAP. 27. - : THE MAN WHOSE LIFE IS IN HARMONY WITH HIS TEACHING WILL TEACH WITH GREATER EFFECT. CHAP. 28. - : TRUTH IS MORE IMPORTANT THAN EXPRESSION. WHAT IS MEANT BY STRIFE ABOUT WORDS. CHAP. 29. - : IT IS PERMISSIBLE FOR A PREACHER TO DELIVER TO THE PEOPLE WHAT HAS BEEN WRITTEN BY A MORE ELOQUENT MAN THAN HIMSELF. CHAP. 30. - : THE PREACHER SHOULD COMMENCE HIS DISCOURSE WITH PRAYER TO GOD. CHAP. 31. - : APOLOGY FOR THE LENGTH OF THE WORK.

CONFESSIONS (Confessiones)

TRANSLATIONS AVAILABLE: CONTENTS CONTENTS BOOK I BOOK II BOOK III BOOK IV BOOK V BOOK VI BOOK VII BOOK VIII BOOK IX BOOK X BOOK XI BOOK XII BOOK XIII CONTENTS Introduction Book I Book II Book III Book IV Book V Book VI Book VII Book VIII Book IX Book X Book XI Book XII Book XIII

THE CITY OF GOD (De civitate Dei)

ON THE TRINITY (De trinitate)

CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY ESSAY by William G. T. Shedd, D.D. TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE. BOOK I. CHAP. 1. - : THIS WORK IS WRITTEN AGAINST THOSE WHO SOPHISTICALLY ASSAIL THE FAITH OF THE TRINITY, THROUGH MISUSE OF REASON. THEY WHO DISPUTE CONCERNING GOD ERR FROM A THREEFOLD CAUSE. HOLY SCRIPTURE, REMOVING WHAT IS FALSE, LEADS US ON BY DEGREES TO THINGS DIVINE. WHAT TRUE IMMORTALITY IS. WE ARE NOURISHED BY FAITH, THAT WE MAY BE ENABLED TO APPREHEND THINGS DIVINE. CHAP. 2. - : IN WHAT MANNER THIS WORK PROPOSES TO DISCOURSE CONCERNING THE TRINITY. CHAP. 3. - : WHAT AUGUSTIN REQUESTS FROM HIS READERS. THE ERRORS OF READERS DULL OF COMPREHENSION NOT TO BE ASCRIBED TO THE AUTHOR. CHAP. 4. - : WHAT THE DOCTRINE OF THE CATHOLIC FAITH IS CONCERNING THE TRINITY. CHAP. 5. - : OF DIFFICULTIES CONCERNING THE TRINITY: IN WHAT MANNER THREE ARE ONE GOD, AND HOW, WORKING INDIVISIBLY, THEY YET PERFORM SOME THINGS SEVERALLY. CHAP. 6. - : THAT THE SON IS VERY GOD, OF THE SAME SUBSTANCE WITH THE FATHER. NOT ONLY THE FATHER, BUT THE TRINITY, IS AFFIRMED TO BE IMMORTAL. ALL THINGS ARE NOT FROM THE FATHER ALONE, BUT ALSO FROM THE SON. THAT THE HOLY SPIRIT IS VERY GOD, EQUAL WITH THE FATHER AND THE SON. CHAP. 7. - : IN WHAT MANNER THE SON IS LESS THAN THE FATHER, AND THAN HIMSELF. CHAP. 8. - : THE TEXTS OF SCRIPTURE EXPLAINED RESPECTING THE SUBJECTION OF THE SON TO THE FATHER, WHICH HAVE BEEN MISUNDERSTOOD. CHRIST WILL NOT SO GIVE UP THE KINGDOM TO THE FATHER, AS TO TAKE IT AWAY FROM HIMSELF. THE BEHOLDING HIM IS THE PROMISED END OF ALL ACTIONS. THE HOLY SPIRIT IS SUFFICIENT TO OUR BLESSEDNESS EQUALLY WITH THE FATHER. CHAP. 9. - : ALL ARE SOMETIMES UNDERSTOOD IN ONE PERSON. CHAP. 10. - : IN WHAT MANNER CHRIST SHALL DELIVER UP THE KINGDOM TO GOD, EVEN THE FATHER. THE KINGDOM HAVING BEEN DELIVERED TO GOD, EVEN THE FATHER, CHRIST WILL NOT THEN MAKE INTERCESSION FOR US. CHAP. 11. - : BY WHAT RULE IN THE SCRIPTURES IT IS UNDERSTOOD THAT THE SON IS NOW EQUAL AND NOW LESS. CHAP. 12. - : IN WHAT MANNER THE SON IS SAID NOT TO KNOW THE DAY AND THE HOUR WHICH THE FATHER KNOWS. SOME THINGS SAID OF CHRIST ACCORDING TO THE FORM OF GOD, OTHER THINGS ACCORDING TO THE FORM OF A SERVANT. IN WHAT WAY IT IS OF CHRIST TO GIVE THE KINGDOM, IN WHAT NOT OF CHRIST. CHRIST WILL BOTH JUDGE AND NOT JUDGE. CHAP. 13. - : DIVERSE THINGS ARE SPOKEN CONCERNING THE SAME CHRIST, ON ACCOUNT OF THE DIVERSE NATURES OF THE ONE HYPOSTASIS [THEANTHROPIC PERSON]. WHY IT IS SAID THAT THE FATHER WILL NOT JUDGE, BUT HAS GIVEN JUDGMENT TO THE SON. BOOK II. PREFACE. CHAP. 1. - : THERE IS A DOUBLE RULE FOR UNDERSTANDING THE SCRIPTURAL MODES OF SPEECH CONCERNING THE SON OF GOD. THESE MODES OF SPEECH ARE OF A THREEFOLD KIND. CHAP. 2. - : THAT SOME WAYS OF SPEAKING CONCERNING THE SON ARE TO BE UNDERSTOOD ACCORDING TO EITHER RULE. CHAP. 3. - : SOME THINGS CONCERNING THE HOLY SPIRIT ARE TO BE UNDERSTOOD ACCORDING TO THE ONE RULE ONLY. CHAP. 4. - : THE GLORIFICATION OF THE SON BY THE FATHER DOES NOT PROVE INEQUALITY. CHAP. 5. - : THE SON AND HOLY SPIRIT ARE NOT THEREFORE LESS BECAUSE SENT. THE SON IS SENT ALSO BY HIMSELF. OF THE SENDING OF THE HOLY SPIRIT. CHAP. 6. - : THE CREATURE IS NOT SO TAKEN BY THE HOLY SPIRIT AS FLESH IS BY THE WORD. CHAP. 7. - : A DOUBT RAISED ABOUT DIVINE APPEARANCES. CHAP. 8. - : THE ENTIRE TRINITY INVISIBLE. CHAP. 9. - : AGAINST THOSE WHO BELIEVED THE FATHER ONLY TO BE IMMORTAL AND INVISIBLE. THE TRUTH TO BE SOUGHT BY PEACEFUL STUDY. CHAP. 10 - : WHETHER GOD THE TRINITY INDISCRIMINATELY APPEARED TO THE FATHERS, OR ANY ONE PERSON OF THE TRINITY. THE APPEARING OF GOD TO ADAM. OF THE SAME APPEARANCE. THE VISION TO ABRAHAM. CHAP. 11. - : OF THE SAME APPEARANCE. CHAP. 12. - : THE APPEARANCE TO LOT IS EXAMINED. CHAP. 13. - : THE APPEARANCE IN THE BUSH. CHAP. 14. - : OF THE APPEARANCE IN THE PILLAR OF CLOUD AND OF FIRE. CHAP. 15. - : OF THE APPEARANCE ON SINAI. WHETHER THE TRINITY SPAKE IN THAT APPEARANCE OR SOME ONE PERSON SPECIALLY. CHAP. 16. - : IN WHAT MANNER MOSES SAW GOD. CHAP. 17. - : HOW THE BACK PARTS OF GOD WERE SEEN. THE FAITH OF THE RESURRECTION OF CHRIST. THE CATHOLIC CHURCH ONLY IS THE PLACE FROM WHENCE THE BACK PARTS OF GOD ARE SEEN. THE BACK PARTS OF GOD WERE SEEN BY THE ISRAELITES. IT IS A RASH OPINION TO THINK THAT GOD THE FATHER ONLY WAS NEVER SEEN BY THE FATHERS. CHAP. 18. - : THE VISION OF DANIEL. BOOK III. PREFACE. - : WHY AUGUSTIN WRITES OF THE TRINITY. WHAT HE CLAIMS FROM READERS. WHAT HAS BEEN SAID IN THE PREVIOUS BOOK. CHAP. 1. - : WHAT IS TO BE SAID THEREUPON. CHAP. 2. - : THE WILL OF GOD IS THE HIGHER CAUSE OF ALL CORPOREAL CHANGE. THIS IS SHOWN BY AN EXAMPLE. CHAP. 3. - : OF THE SAME ARGUMENT. CHAP. 4. - : GOD USES ALL CREATURES AS HE WILL, AND MAKES VISIBLE THINGS FOR THE MANIFESTATION OF HIMSELF. CHAP. 5. - : WHY MIRACLES ARE NOT USUAL WORKS. CHAP. 6. - : DIVERSITY ALONE MAKES A MIRACLE. CHAP. 7. - : GREAT MIRACLES WROUGHT BY MAGIC ARTS. CHAP. 8. - : GOD ALONE CREATES THOSE THINGS WHICH ARE CHANGED BY MAGIC ART. CHAP. 9. - : THE ORIGINAL CAUSE OF ALL THINGS IS FROM GOD. CHAP. 10. - : IN HOW MANY WAYS THE CREATURE IS TO BE TAKEN BY WAY OF SIGN. THE EUCHARIST. CHAP. 11. - : THE ESSENCE OF GOD NEVER APPEARED IN ITSELF. DIVINE APPEARANCES TO THE FATHERS WROUGHT BY THE MINISTRY OF ANGELS. AN OBJECTION DRAWN FROM THE MODE OF SPEECH REMOVED. THAT THE APPEARING OF GOD TO ABRAHAM HIMSELF, JUST AS THAT TO MOSES, WAS WROUGHT BY ANGELS. THE SAME THING IS PROVED BY THE LAW BEING GIVEN TO MOSES BY ANGELS. WHAT HAS BEEN SAID IN THIS BOOK, AND WHAT REMAINS TO BE SAID IN THE NEXT. BOOK IV. PREFACE. - : THE KNOWLEDGE OF GOD IS TO BE SOUGHT FROM GOD. CHAP. 1. - : WE ARE MADE PERFECT BY ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF OUR OWN WEAKNESS. THE INCARNATE WORD DISPELS OUR DARKNESS. CHAP. 2. - : HOW WE ARE RENDERED APT FOR THE PERCEPTION OF TRUTH THROUGH THE INCARNATE WORD. CHAP. 3. - : THE ONE DEATH AND RESURRECTION OF THE BODY OF CHRIST HARMONIZES WITH OUR DOUBLE DEATH AND RESURRECTION OF BODY AND SOUL, TO THE EFFECT OF SALVATION. IN WHAT WAY THE SINGLE DEATH OF CHRIST IS BESTOWED UPON OUR DOUBLE DEATH. CHAP. 4. - : THE RATIO OF THE SINGLE TO THE DOUBLE COMES FROM THE PERFECTION OF THE SENARY NUMBER. THE PERFECTION OF THE SENARY NUMBER IS COMMENDED IN THE SCRIPTURES. THE YEAR ABOUNDS IN THE SENARY NUMBER. CHAP. 5. - : THE NUMBER SIX IS ALSO COMMENDED IN THE BUILDING UP OF THE BODY OF CHRIST AND OF THE TEMPLE AT JERUSALEM. CHAP. 6. - : THE THREE DAYS OF THE RESURRECTION, IN WHICH ALSO THE RATIO OF SINGLE TO DOUBLE IS APPARENT. CHAP. 7. - : IN WHAT MANNER WE ARE GATHERED FROM MANY INTO ONE THROUGH ONE MEDIATOR. CHAP. 8. - : IN WHAT MANNER CHRIST WILLS THAT ALL SHALL BE ONE IN HIMSELF. CHAP. 9. - : THE SAME ARGUMENT CONTINUED. CHAP. 10. - : AS CHRIST IS THE MEDIATOR OF LIFE, SO THE DEVIL IS THE MEDIATOR OF DEATH. CHAP. 11. - : MIRACLES WHICH ARE DONE BY DEMONS ARE TO BE SPURNED. CHAP. 12. - : THE DEVIL THE MEDIATOR OF DEATH, CHRIST OF LIFE. CHAP. 13. - : THE DEATH OF CHRIST VOLUNTARY. HOW THE MEDIATOR OF LIFE SUBDUED THE MEDIATOR OF DEATH. HOW THE DEVIL LEADS HIS OWN TO DESPISE THE DEATH OF CHRIST. CHAP. 14. - : CHRIST THE MOST PERFECT VICTIM FOR CLEANSING OUR FAULTS. IN EVERY SACRIFICE FOUR THINGS ARE TO BE CONSIDERED. CHAP. 15. - : THEY ARE PROUD WHO THINK THEY ARE ABLE, BY THEIR OWN RIGHTEOUSNESS, TO BE CLEANSED SO AS TO SEE GOD. CHAP. 16. - : THE OLD PHILOSOPHERS ARE NOT TO BE CONSULTED CONCERNING THE RESURRECTION AND CONCERNING THINGS TO COME. CHAP. 17. - : IN HOW MANY WAYS THINGS FUTURE ARE FOREKNOWN. NEITHER PHILOSOPHERS, NOR THOSE WHO WERE DISTINGUISHED AMONG THE ANCIENTS, ARE TO BE CONSULTED CONCERNING THE RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD. CHAP. 18. - : THE SON OF GOD BECAME INCARNATE IN ORDER THAT WE BEING CLEANSED BY FAITH MAY BE RAISED TO THE UNCHANGEABLE TRUTH. CHAP. 19. - : IN WHAT MANNER THE SON WAS SENT AND PROCLAIMED BEFOREHAND. HOW IN THE SENDING OF HIS BIRTH IN THE FLESH HE WAS MADE LESS WITHOUT DETRIMENT TO HIS EQUALITY WITH THE FATHER. CHAP. 20. - : THE SENDER AND THE SENT EQUAL. WHY THE SON IS SAID TO BE SENT BY THE FATHER. OF THE MISSION OF THE HOLY SPIRIT. HOW AND BY WHOM HE WAS SENT. THE FATHER THE BEGINNING OF THE WHOLE GODHEAD. CHAP. 21. - : OF THE SENSIBLE SHOWING OF THE HOLY SPIRIT, AND OF THE CO-ETERNITY OF THE TRINITY. WHAT HAS BEEN SAID, AND WHAT REMAINS TO BE SAID. BOOK V. CHAP. 1. - : WHAT THE AUTHOR ENTREATS FROM GOD, WHAT FROM THE READER. IN GOD NOTHING IS TO BE THOUGHT CORPOREAL OR CHANGEABLE. CHAP. 2. - : GOD THE ONLY UNCHANGEABLE ESSENCE. CHAP. 3. - : THE ARGUMENT OF THE ARIANS IS REFUTED, WHICH IS DRAWN FROM THE WORDS BEGOTTEN AND UNBEGOTTEN. CHAP. 4. - : THE ACCIDENTAL ALWAYS IMPLIES SOME CHANGE IN THE THING. CHAP. 5. - : NOTHING IS SPOKEN OF GOD ACCORDING TO ACCIDENT, BUT ACCORDING TO SUBSTANCE OR ACCORDING TO RELATION. CHAP. 6. - : REPLY IS MADE TO THE CAVILS OF THE HERETICS IN RESPECT TO THE SAME WORDS BEGOTTEN AND UNBEGOTTEN. CHAP. 7. - : THE ADDITION OF A NEGATIVE DOES NOT CHANGE THE PREDICAMENT. CHAP. 8. - : WHATEVER IS SPOKEN OF GOD ACCORDING TO SUBSTANCE, IS SPOKEN OF EACH PERSON SEVERALLY, AND TOGETHER OF THE TRINITY ITSELF. ONE ESSENCE IN GOD, AND THREE, IN GREEK, HYPOSTASES, IN LATIN, PERSONS. CHAP. 9. - : THE THREE PERSONS NOT PROPERLY SO CALLED [IN A HUMAN SENSE]. CHAP. 10. - : THOSE THINGS WHICH BELONG ABSOLUTELY TO GOD AS AN ESSENCE, ARE SPOKEN OF THE TRINITY IN THE SINGULAR, NOT IN THE PLURAL. CHAP. 11. - : WHAT IS SAID RELATIVELY IN THE TRINITY. CHAP. 12. - : IN RELATIVE THINGS THAT ARE RECIPROCAL, NAMES ARE SOMETIMES WANTING. CHAP. 13. - : HOW THE WORD BEGINNING (PRINCIPIUM) IS SPOKEN RELATIVELY IN THE TRINITY. CHAP. 14. - : THE FATHER AND THE SON THE ONLY BEGINNING (PRINCIPIUM) OF THE HOLY SPIRIT. CHAP. 15. - : WHETHER THE HOLY SPIRIT WAS A GIFT BEFORE AS WELL AS AFTER HE WAS GIVEN. CHAP. 16. - : WHAT IS SAID OF GOD IN TIME, IS SAID RELATIVELY, NOT ACCIDENTALLY. BOOK VI. CHAP. 1. - : THE SON, ACCORDING TO THE APOSTLE, IS THE POWER AND WISDOM OF THE FATHER. HENCE THE REASONING OF THE CATHOLICS AGAINST THE EARLIER ARIANS. A DIFFICULTY IS RAISED, WHETHER THE FATHER IS NOT WISDOM HIMSELF, BUT ONLY THE FATHER OF WISDOM. CHAP. 2. - : WHAT IS SAID OF THE FATHER AND SON TOGETHER, AND WHAT NOT. CHAP. 3. - : THAT THE UNITY OF THE ESSENCE OF THE FATHER AND THE SON IS TO BE GATHERED FROM THE WORDS, “WE ARE ONE.” THE SON IS EQUAL TO THE FATHER BOTH IN WISDOM AND IN ALL OTHER THINGS. CHAP. 4. - : THE SAME ARGUMENT CONTINUED. CHAP. 5. - : THE HOLY SPIRIT ALSO IS EQUAL TO THE FATHER AND THE SON IN ALL THINGS. CHAP. 6. - : HOW GOD IS A SUBSTANCE BOTH SIMPLE AND MANIFOLD. CHAP. 7. - : GOD IS A TRINITY, BUT NOT TRIPLE (TRIPLEX). CHAP. 8. - : NO ADDITION CAN BE MADE TO THE NATURE OF GOD. CHAP. 9. - : WHETHER ONE OR THE THREE PERSONS TOGETHER ARE CALLED THE ONLY GOD. CHAP. X. - : OF THE ATTRIBUTES ASSIGNED BY HILARY TO EACH PERSON. THE TRINITY IS REPRESENTED IN THINGS THAT ARE MADE. BOOK VII. CHAP. 1. - : AUGUSTIN RETURNS TO THE QUESTION, WHETHER EACH PERSON OF THE TRINITY BY ITSELF IS WISDOM. WITH WHAT DIFFICULTY, OR IN WHAT WAY, THE PROPOSED QUESTION IS TO BE SOLVED. CHAP. 2. - : THE FATHER AND THE SON ARE TOGETHER ONE WISDOM, AS ONE ESSENCE, ALTHOUGH NOT TOGETHER ONE WORD. CHAP. 3. - : WHY THE SON CHIEFLY IS INTIMATED IN THE SCRIPTURES BY THE NAME OF WISDOM, WHILE BOTH THE FATHER AND THE HOLY SPIRIT ARE WISDOM. THAT THE HOLY SPIRIT, TOGETHER WITH THE FATHER AND THE SON, IS ONE WISDOM. CHAP. 4. - : HOW IT WAS BROUGHT ABOUT THAT THE GREEKS SPEAK OF THREE HYPOSTASES, THE LATINS OF THREE PERSONS. SCRIPTURE NOWHERE SPEAKS OF THREE PERSONS IN ONE GOD. CHAP. 5. - : IN GOD, SUBSTANCE IS SPOKEN IMPROPERLY, ESSENCE PROPERLY. CHAP. 6. - : WHY WE DO NOT IN THE TRINITY SPEAK OF ONE PERSON, AND THREE ESSENCES. WHAT HE OUGHT TO BELIEVE CONCERNING THE TRINITY WHO DOES NOT RECEIVE WHAT IS SAID ABOVE. MAN IS BOTH AFTER THE IMAGE, AND IS THE IMAGE OF GOD. BOOK VIII. PREFACE. - : THE CONCLUSION OF WHAT HAS BEEN SAID ABOVE. THE RULE TO BE OBSERVED IN THE MORE DIFFICULT QUESTIONS OF THE FAITH. CHAP. 1. - : IT IS SHOWN BY REASON THAT IN GOD THREE ARE NOT ANYTHING GREATER THAN ONE PERSON. CHAP. 2. - : EVERY CORPOREAL CONCEPTION MUST BE REJECTED, IN ORDER THAT IT MAY BE UNDERSTOOD HOW GOD IS TRUTH. CHAP. 3. - : HOW GOD MAY BE KNOWN TO BE THE CHIEF GOOD. THE MIND DOES NOT BECOME GOOD UNLESS BY TURNING TO GOD. CHAP. 4. - : GOD MUST FIRST BE KNOWN BY AN UNERRING FAITH, THAT HE MAY BE LOVED. CHAP. 5. - : HOW THE TRINITY MAY BE LOVED THOUGH UNKNOWN. CHAP. 6. - : HOW THE MAN NOT YET RIGHTEOUS CAN KNOW THE RIGHTEOUS MAN WHOM HE LOVES. CHAP. 7. - : OF TRUE LOVE, BY WHICH WE ARRIVE AT THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE TRINITY. GOD IS TO BE SOUGHT, NOT OUTWARDLY, BY SEEKING TO DO WONDERFUL THINGS WITH THE ANGELS, BUT INWARDLY, BY IMITATING THE PIETY OF GOOD ANGELS. CHAP. 8. - : THAT HE WHO LOVES HIS BROTHER, LOVES GOD; BECAUSE HE LOVES LOVE ITSELF, WHICH IS OF GOD, AND IS GOD. CHAP. 9. - : OUR LOVE OF THE RIGHTEOUS IS KINDLED FROM LOVE ITSELF OF THE UNCHANGEABLE FORM OF RIGHTEOUSNESS. CHAP. 10. - : THERE ARE THREE THINGS IN LOVE, AS IT WERE A TRACE OF THE TRINITY. BOOK IX. CHAP. 1. - : IN WHAT WAY WE MUST INQUIRE CONCERNING THE TRINITY. CHAP. 2. - : THE THREE THINGS WHICH ARE FOUND IN LOVE MUST BE CONSIDERED. CHAP. 3. - : THE IMAGE OF THE TRINITY IN THE MIND OF MAN WHO KNOWS HIMSELF AND LOVES HIMSELF. THE MIND KNOWS ITSELF THROUGH ITSELF. CHAP. 4. - : THE THREE ARE ONE, AND ALSO EQUAL, VIZ. THE MIND ITSELF, AND THE LOVE, AND THE KNOWLEDGE OF IT. THAT THE SAME THREE EXIST SUBSTANTIALLY, AND ARE PREDICATED RELATIVELY. THAT THE SAME THREE ARE INSEPARABLE. THAT THE SAME THREE ARE NOT JOINED AND COMMINGLED LIKE PARTS, BUT THAT THEY ARE OF ONE ESSENCE, AND ARE RELATIVES. CHAP. 5. - : THAT THESE THREE ARE SEVERAL IN THEMSELVES, AND MUTUALLY ALL IN ALL. CHAP. 6. - : THERE IS ONE KNOWLEDGE OF THE THING IN THE THING ITSELF, AND ANOTHER IN ETERNAL TRUTH ITSELF. THAT CORPOREAL THINGS, TOO, ARE TO BE JUDGED BY THE RULES OF ETERNAL TRUTH. CHAP. 7. - : WE CONCEIVE AND BEGET THE WORD WITHIN, FROM THE THINGS WE HAVE BEHELD IN THE ETERNAL TRUTH. THE WORD, WHETHER OF THE CREATURE OR OF THE CREATOR, IS CONCEIVED BY LOVE. CHAP. 8. - : IN WHAT DESIRE AND LOVE DIFFER. CHAP. 9. - : IN THE LOVE OF SPIRITUAL THINGS THE WORD BORN IS THE SAME AS THE WORD CONCEIVED. IT IS OTHERWISE IN THE LOVE OF CARNAL THINGS. CHAP. 10. - : WHETHER ONLY KNOWLEDGE THAT IS LOVED IS THE WORD OF THE MIND. CHAP. 11. - : THAT THE IMAGE OR BEGOTTEN WORD OF THE MIND THAT KNOWS ITSELF IS EQUAL TO THE MIND ITSELF. CHAP. 12. - : WHY LOVE IS NOT THE OFFSPRING OF THE MIND, AS KNOWLEDGE IS SO. THE SOLUTION OF THE QUESTION. THE MIND WITH THE KNOWLEDGE OF ITSELF AND THE LOVE OF ITSELF IS THE IMAGE OF THE TRINITY. BOOK X. CHAP. 1. - : THE LOVE OF THE STUDIOUS MIND, THAT IS, OF ONE DESIROUS TO KNOW, IS NOT THE LOVE OF A THING WHICH IT DOES NOT KNOW. CHAP. 2. - : NO ONE AT ALL LOVES THINGS UNKNOWN. CHAP. 3. - : THAT WHEN THE MIND LOVES ITSELF, IT IS NOT UNKNOWN TO ITSELF. CHAP. 4. - : HOW THE MIND KNOWS ITSELF, NOT IN PART, BUT AS A WHOLE. CHAP. 5. - : WHY THE SOUL IS ENJOINED TO KNOW ITSELF. WHENCE COME THE ERRORS OF THE MIND CONCERNING ITS OWN SUBSTANCE. CHAP. 6. - : THE OPINION WHICH THE MIND HAS OF ITSELF IS DECEITFUL. CHAP. 7. - : THE OPINIONS OF PHILOSOPHERS RESPECTING THE SUBSTANCE OF THE SOUL. THE ERROR OF THOSE WHO ARE OF OPINION THAT THE SOUL IS CORPOREAL, DOES NOT ARISE FROM DEFECTIVE KNOWLEDGE OF THE SOUL, BUT FROM THEIR ADDING THERETO SOMETHING FOREIGN TO IT. WHAT IS MEANT BY FINDING. CHAP. 8. - : HOW THE SOUL INQUIRES INTO ITSELF. WHENCE COMES THE ERROR OF THE SOUL CONCERNING ITSELF. CHAP. 9. - : THE MIND KNOWS ITSELF, BY THE VERY ACT OF UNDERSTANDING THE PRECEPT TO KNOW ITSELF. CHAP. 10. - : EVERY MIND KNOWS CERTAINLY THREE THINGS CONCERNING ITSELF - THAT IT UNDERSTANDS, THAT IT IS, AND THAT IT LIVES. CHAP. 11. - : IN MEMORY, UNDERSTANDING [OR INTELLIGENCE], AND WILL, WE HAVE TO NOTE ABILITY, LEARNING, AND USE. MEMORY, UNDERSTANDING, AND WILL ARE ONE ESSENTIALLY, AND THREE RELATIVELY. CHAP. 12. - : THE MIND IS AN IMAGE OF THE TRINITY IN ITS OWN MEMORY, AND UNDERSTANDING, AND WILL. BOOK XI. CHAP. 1. - : A TRACE OF THE TRINITY ALSO IN THE OUTER MAN. CHAP. 2. - : A CERTAIN TRINITY IN THE SIGHT. THAT THERE ARE THREE THINGS IN SIGHT, WHICH DIFFER IN THEIR OWN NATURE. IN WHAT MANNER FROM A VISIBLE THING VISION IS PRODUCED, OR THE IMAGE OF THAT THING WHICH IS SEEN. THE MATTER IS SHOWN MORE CLEARLY BY AN EXAMPLE. HOW THESE THREE COMBINE IN ONE. CHAP. 3. - : THE UNITY OF THE THREE TAKES PLACE IN THOUGHT, VIZ. OF MEMORY, OF INTERNAL VISION, AND OF WILL COMBINING BOTH. CHAP. 4. - : HOW THIS UNITY COMES TO PASS. CHAP. 5. - : THE TRINITY OF THE OUTER MAN, OR OF EXTERNAL VISION, IS NOT AN IMAGE OF GOD. THE LIKENESS OF GOD IS DESIRED EVEN IN SINS. IN EXTERNAL VISION THE FORM OF THE CORPOREAL THING IS AS IT WERE THE PARENT, VISION THE OFFSPRING; BUT THE WILL THAT UNITES THESE SUGGESTS THE HOLY SPIRIT. CHAP. 6. - : OF WHAT KIND WE ARE TO RECKON THE REST (REQUIES), AND END (FINIS), OF THE WILL IN VISION. CHAP. 7. - : THERE IS ANOTHER TRINITY IN THE MEMORY OF HIM WHO THINKS OVER AGAIN WHAT HE HAS SEEN. CHAP. 8. - : DIFFERENT MODES OF CONCEIVING. CHAP. 9. - : SPECIES IS PRODUCED BY SPECIES IN SUCCESSION. CHAP. 10. - : THE IMAGINATION ALSO ADDS EVEN TO THINGS WE HAVE NOT SEEN, THOSE THINGS WHICH WE HAVE SEEN ELSEWHERE. CHAP. 11. - : NUMBER, WEIGHT, MEASURE. BOOK XII. CHAP. 1. - : OF WHAT KIND ARE THE OUTER AND THE INNER MAN. CHAP. 2. - : MAN ALONE OF ANIMATE CREATURES PERCEIVES THE ETERNAL REASONS OF THINGS PERTAINING TO THE BODY. CHAP. 3. - : THE HIGHER REASON WHICH BELONGS TO CONTEMPLATION, AND THE LOWER WHICH BELONGS TO ACTION, ARE IN ONE MIND. CHAP. 4. - : THE TRINITY AND THE IMAGE OF GOD IS IN THAT PART OF THE MIND ALONE WHICH BELONGS TO THE CONTEMPLATION OF ETERNAL THINGS. CHAP. 5. - : THE OPINION WHICH DEVISES AN IMAGE OF THE TRINITY IN THE MARRIAGE OF MALE AND FEMALE, AND IN THEIR OFFSPRING. CHAP. 6. - : WHY THIS OPINION IS TO BE REJECTED. CHAP. 7. - : HOW MAN IS THE IMAGE OF GOD. WHETHER THE WOMAN IS NOT ALSO THE IMAGE OF GOD. HOW THE SAYING OF THE APOSTLE, THAT THE MAN IS THE IMAGE OF GOD, BUT THE WOMAN IS THE GLORY OF THE MAN, IS TO BE UNDERSTOOD FIGURATIVELY AND MYSTICALLY. CHAP. 8. - : TURNING ASIDE FROM THE IMAGE OF GOD. CHAP. 9. - : THE SAME ARGUMENT IS CONTINUED. CHAP. 10. - : THE LOWEST DEGRADATION IS REACHED BY DEGREES. CHAP. 11. - : THE IMAGE OF THE BEAST IN MAN. CHAP. 12. - : THERE IS A KIND OF HIDDEN WEDLOCK IN THE INNER MAN. UNLAWFUL PLEASURES OF THE THOUGHTS. CHAP. 13. - : THE OPINION OF THOSE WHO HAVE THOUGHT THAT THE MIND WAS SIGNIFIED BY THE MAN, THE BODILY SENSE BY THE WOMAN. CHAP. 14. - : WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE. THE WORSHIP OF GOD IS THE LOVE OF HIM. HOW THE INTELLECTUAL COGNIZANCE OF ETERNAL THINGS COMES TO PASS THROUGH WISDOM. CHAP. 15. - : IN OPPOSITION TO THE REMINISCENCE OF PLATO AND PYTHAGORAS. PYTHAGORAS THE SAMIAN. OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE, AND OF SEEKING THE TRINITY IN THE KNOWLEDGE OF TEMPORAL THINGS. BOOK XIII. CHAP. 1. - : THE ATTEMPT IS MADE TO DISTINGUISH OUT OF THE SCRIPTURES THE OFFICES OF WISDOM AND OF KNOWLEDGE. THAT IN THE BEGINNING OF JOHN SOME THINGS THAT ARE SAID BELONG TO WISDOM, SOME TO KNOWLEDGE. SOME THINGS THERE ARE ONLY KNOWN BY THE HELP OF FAITH. HOW WE SEE THE FAITH THAT IS IN US. IN THE SAME NARRATIVE OF JOHN, SOME THINGS ARE KNOWN BY THE SENSE OF THE BODY, OTHERS ONLY BY THE REASON OF THE MIND. CHAP. 2. - : FAITH A THING OF THE HEART, NOT OF THE BODY; HOW IT IS COMMON AND ONE AND THE SAME IN ALL BELIEVERS. THE FAITH OF BELIEVERS IS ONE, NO OTHERWISE THAN THE WILL OF THOSE WHO WILL IS ONE. CHAP. 3. - : SOME DESIRES BEING THE SAME IN ALL, ARE KNOWN TO EACH. THE POET ENNIUS. CHAP. 4. - : THE WILL TO POSSESS BLESSEDNESS IS ONE IN ALL, BUT THE VARIETY OF WILLS IS VERY GREAT CONCERNING THAT BLESSEDNESS ITSELF. CHAP. 5. - : OF THE SAME THING. CHAP. 6. - : WHY, WHEN ALL WILL TO BE BLESSED, THAT IS RATHER CHOSEN BY WHICH ONE WITHDRAWS FROM BEING SO. CHAP. 7. - : FAITH IS NECESSARY, THAT MAN MAY AT SOME TIME BE BLESSED, WHICH HE WILL ONLY ATTAIN IN THE FUTURE LIFE. THE BLESSEDNESS OF PROUD PHILOSOPHERS RIDICULOUS AND PITIABLE. CHAP. 8. - : BLESSEDNESS CANNOT EXIST WITHOUT IMMORTALITY. CHAP. 9. - : WE SAY THAT FUTURE BLESSEDNESS IS TRULY ETERNAL, NOT THROUGH HUMAN REASONINGS, BUT BY THE HELP OF FAITH. THE IMMORTALITY OF BLESSEDNESS BECOMES CREDIBLE FROM THE INCARNATION OF THE SON OF GOD. CHAP. 10. - : THERE WAS NO OTHER MORE SUITABLE WAY OF FREEING MAN FROM THE MISERY OF MORTALITY THAN THE INCARNATION OF THE WORD. THE MERITS WHICH ARE CALLED OURS ARE THE GIFTS OF GOD. CHAP. 11. - : A DIFFICULTY, HOW WE ARE JUSTITIFIED IN THE BLOOD OF THE SON OF GOD. CHAP. 12. - : ALL, ON ACCOUNT OF THE SIN OF ADAM, WERE DELIVERED INTO THE POWER OF THE DEVIL. CHAP. 13. - : MAN WAS TO BE RESCUED FROM THE POWER OF THE DEVIL, NOT BY POWER, BUT BY RIGHTEOUSNESS. CHAP. 14. - : THE UNOBLIGATED DEATH OF CHRIST HAS FREED THOSE WHO WERE LIABLE TO DEATH. CHAP. 15. - : OF THE SAME SUBJECT. CHAP. 16. - : THE REMAINS OF DEATH AND THE EVIL THINGS OF THE WORLD TURN TO GOOD FOR THE ELECT. HOW FITLY THE DEATH OF CHRIST WAS CHOSEN, THAT WE MIGHT BE JUSTIFIED IN HIS BLOOD. WHAT THE ANGER OF GOD IS. CHAP. 17. - : OTHER ADVANTAGES OF THE INCARNATION. CHAP. 18. - : WHY THE SON OF GOD TOOK MAN UPON HIMSELF FROM THE RACE OF ADAM, AND FROM A VIRGIN. CHAP. 19. - : WHAT IN THE INCARNATE WORD BELONGS TO KNOWLEDGE, WHAT TO WISDOM. CHAP. 20. - : WHAT HAS BEEN TREATED OF IN THIS BOOK. HOW WE HAVE REACHED BY STEPS TO A CERTAIN TRINITY, WHICH IS FOUND IN PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE AND TRUE FAITH. BOOK XIV. CHAP. 1. - : WHAT THE WISDOM IS OF WHICH WE ARE HERE TO TREAT. WHENCE THE NAME OF PHILOSOPHER AROSE. WHAT HAS BEEN ALREADY SAID CONCERNING THE DISTINCTION OF KNOWLEDGE AND WISDOM. CHAP. 2. - : THERE IS A KIND OF TRINITY IN THE HOLDING, CONTEMPLATING, AND LOVING OF FAITH TEMPORAL, BUT ONE THAT DOES NOT YET ATTAIN TO BEING PROPERLY AN IMAGE OF GOD. CHAP. 3. - : A DIFFICULTY REMOVED, WHICH LIES IN THE WAY OF WHAT HAS JUST BEEN SAID. CHAP. 4. - : THE IMAGE OF GOD IS TO BE SOUGHT IN THE IMMORTALITY OF THE RATIONAL SOUL. HOW A TRINITY IS DEMONSTRATED IN THE MIND. CHAP. 5. - : WHETHER THE MIND OF INFANTS KNOWS ITSELF. CHAP. 6. - : HOW A KIND OF TRINITY EXISTS IN THE MIND THINKING OF ITSELF. WHAT IS THE PART OF THOUGHT IN THIS TRINITY. CHAP. 7. - : THE THING IS MADE PLAIN BY AN EXAMPLE. IN WHAT WAY THE MATTER IS HANDLED IN ORDER TO HELP THE READER. CHAP. 8. - : THE TRINITY WHICH IS THE IMAGE OF GOD IS NOW TO BE SOUGHT IN THE NOBLEST PART OF THE MIND. CHAP. 9. - : WHETHER JUSTICE AND THE OTHER VIRTUES CEASE TO EXIST IN THE FUTURE LIFE. CHAP. 10. - : HOW A TRINITY IS PRODUCED BY THE MIND REMEMBERING, UNDERSTANDING, AND LOVING ITSELF. CHAP. 11. - : WHETHER MEMORY IS ALSO OF THINGS PRESENT. CHAP. 12. - : THE TRINITY IN THE MIND IS THE IMAGE OF GOD, IN THAT IT REMEMBERS, UNDERSTANDS, AND LOVES GOD, WHICH TO DO IS WISDOM. CHAP. 13. - : HOW ANY ONE CAN FORGET AND REMEMBER GOD. CHAP. 14. - : THE MIND LOVES GOD IN RIGHTLY LOVING ITSELF; AND IF IT LOVE NOT GOD, IT MUST BE SAID TO HATE ITSELF. EVEN A WEAK AND ERRING MIND IS ALWAYS STRONG IN REMEMBERING, UNDERSTANDING, AND LOVING ITSELF. LET IT BE TURNED TO GOD, THAT IT MAY BE BLESSED BY REMEMBERING, UNDERSTANDING, AND LOVING HIM. CHAP. 15. - : ALTHOUGH THE SOUL HOPES FOR BLESSEDNESS, YET IT DOES NOT REMEMBER LOST BLESSEDNESS, BUT REMEMBERS GOD AND THE RULES OF RIGHTEOUSNESS. THE UNCHANGEABLE RULES OF RIGHT LIVING ARE KNOWN EVEN TO THE UNGODLY. CHAP. 16. - : HOW THE IMAGE OF GOD IS FORMED ANEW IN MAN. CHAP. 17. - : HOW THE IMAGE OF GOD IN THE MIND IS RENEWED UNTIL THE LIKENESS OF GOD IS PERFECTED IN IT IN BLESSEDNESS. CHAP. 18. - : WHETHER THE SENTENCE OF JOHN IS TO BE UNDERSTOOD OF OUR FUTURE LIKENESS WITH THE SON OF GOD IN THE IMMORTALITY ITSELF ALSO OF THE BODY. CHAP. 19. - : JOHN IS RATHER TO BE UNDERSTOOD OF OUR PERFECT LIKENESS WITH THE TRINITY IN LIFE ETERNAL. WISDOM IS PERFECTED IN HAPPINESS. BOOK XV. CHAP. 1. - : GOD IS ABOVE THE MIND. CHAP. 2. - : GOD, ALTHOUGH INCOMPREHENSIBLE, IS EVER TO BE SOUGHT. THE TRACES OF THE TRINITY ARE NOT VAINLY SOUGHT IN THE CREATURE. CHAP. 3. - : A BRIEF RECAPITULATION OF ALL THE PREVIOUS BOOKS. CHAP. 4. - : WHAT UNIVERSAL NATURE TEACHES US CONCERNING GOD. CHAP. 5. - : HOW DIFFICULT IT IS TO DEMONSTRATE THE TRINITY BY NATURAL REASON. CHAP. 6. - : HOW THERE IS A TRINITY IN THE VERY SIMPLICITY OF GOD. WHETHER AND HOW THE TRINITY THAT IS GOD IS MANIFESTED FROM THE TRINITIES WHICH HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO BE IN MEN. CHAP. 7. - : THAT IT IS NOT EASY TO DISCOVER THE TRINITY THAT IS GOD FROM THE TRINITIES WE HAVE SPOKEN OF. CHAP. 8. - : HOW THE APOSTLE SAYS THAT GOD IS NOW SEEN BY US THROUGH A GLASS. CHAP. 9. - : OF THE TERM “ENIGMA,” AND OF TROPICAL MODES OF SPEECH. CHAP. 10. - : CONCERNING THE WORD OF THE MIND, IN WHICH WE SEE THE WORD OF GOD, AS IN A GLASS AND AN ENIGMA. CHAP. 11. - : THE LIKENESS OF THE DIVINE WORD, SUCH AS IT IS, IS TO BE SOUGHT, NOT IN OUR OWN OUTER AND SENSIBLE WORD, BUT IN THE INNER AND MENTAL ONE. THERE IS THE GREATEST POSSIBLE UNLIKENESS BETWEEN OUR WORD AND KNOWLEDGE AND THE DIVINE WORD AND KNOWLEDGE. CHAP. 12. - : THE ACADEMIC PHILOSOPHY. CHAP. 13. - : STILL FURTHER OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE KNOWLEDGE AND WORD OF OUR MIND, AND THE KNOWLEDGE AND WORD OF GOD. CHAP. 14. - : THE WORD OF GOD IS IN ALL THINGS EQUAL TO THE FATHER, FROM WHOM IT IS. CHAP. 15. - : HOW GREAT IS THE UNLIKENESS BETWEEN OUR WORD AND THE DIVINE WORD. OUR WORD CANNOT BE OR BE CALLED ETERNAL. CHAP. 16. - : OUR WORD IS NEVER TO BE EQUALLED TO THE DIVINE WORD, NOT EVEN WHEN WE SHALL BE LIKE GOD. CHAP. 17. - : HOW THE HOLY SPIRIT IS CALLED LOVE, AND WHETHER HE ALONE IS SO CALLED. THAT THE HOLY SPIRIT IS IN THE SCRIPTURES PROPERLY CALLED BY THE NAME OF LOVE. CHAP. 18. - : NO GIFT OF GOD IS MORE EXCELLENT THAN LOVE. CHAP. 19. - : THE HOLY SPIRIT IS CALLED THE GIFT OF GOD IN THE SCRIPTURES. BY THE GIFT OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IS MEANT THE GIFT WHICH IS THE HOLY SPIRIT. THE HOLY SPIRIT IS SPECIALLY CALLED LOVE, ALTHOUGH NOT ONLY THE HOLY SPIRIT IN THE TRINITY IS LOVE. CHAP. 20. - : AGAINST EUNOMIUS, SAYING THAT THE SON OF GOD IS THE SON, NOT OF HIS NATURE, BUT OF HIS WILL. EPILOGUE TO WHAT HAS BEEN SAID ALREADY. CHAP. 21. - : OF THE LIKENESS OF THE FATHER AND OF THE SON ALLEGED TO BE IN OUR MEMORY AND UNDERSTANDING. OF THE LIKENESS OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IN OUR WILL OR LOVE. CHAP. 22. - : HOW GREAT THE UNLIKENESS IS BETWEEN THE IMAGE OF THE TRINITY WHICH WE HAVE FOUND IN OURSELVES, AND THE TRINITY ITSELF. CHAP. 23. - : AUGUSTIN DWELLS STILL FURTHER ON THE DISPARITY BETWEEN THE TRINITY WHICH IS IN MAN, AND THE TRINITY WHICH IS GOD. THE TRINITY IS NOW SEEN THROUGH A GLASS BY THE HELP OF FAITH, THAT IT MAY HEREAFTER BE MORE CLEARLY SEEN IN THE PROMISED SIGHT FACE TO FACE. CHAP. 24. - : THE INFIRMITY OF THE HUMAN MIND. CHAP. 25. - : THE QUESTION WHY THE HOLY SPIRIT IS NOT BEGOTTEN, AND HOW HE PROCEEDS FROM THE FATHER AND THE SON, WILL ONLY BE UNDERSTOOD WHEN WE ARE IN BLISS. CHAP. 26. - : THE HOLY SPIRIT TWICE GIVEN BY CHRIST. THE PROCESSION OF THE HOLY SPIRIT FROM THE FATHER AND FROM THE SON IS APART FROM TIME, NOR CAN HE BE CALLED THE SON OF BOTH. CHAP. 27. - : WHAT IT IS THAT SUFFICES HERE TO SOLVE THE QUESTION WHY THE SPIRIT IS NOT SAID TO BE BEGOTTEN, AND WHY THE FATHER ALONE IS UNBEGOTTEN. WHAT THEY OUGHT TO DO WHO DO NOT UNDERSTAND THESE THINGS. CHAP. 28. - : THE CONCLUSION OF THE BOOK WITH A PRAYER, AND AN APOLOGY FOR MULTITUDE OF WORDS. ON THE TRINITY: DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS

ENCHIRIDION (Enchiridion ad Laurentium, seu de fide, spe et caritate)

CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY NOTICE BY THE EDITOR. ARGUMENT. CHAP. 1. - : THE AUTHOR DESIRES THE GIFT OF TRUE WISDOM FOR LAURENTIUS. CHAP. 2. - : THE FEAR OF GOD IS MAN’S TRUE WISDOM. CHAP. 3. - : GOD IS TO BE WORSHIPPED THROUGH FAITH, HOPE, AND LOVE. CHAP. 4. - : THE QUESTIONS PROPOUNDED BY LAURENTIUS. CHAP. 5. - : BRIEF ANSWERS TO THESE QUESTIONS. CHAP. 6. - : CONTROVERSY OUT OF PLACE IN A HANDBOOK LIKE THE PRESENT. CHAP. 7. - : THE CREED AND THE LORD’S PRAYER DEMAND THE EXERCISE OF FAITH, HOPE, AND LOVE. CHAP. 8. - : THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN FAITH AND HOPE, AND THE MUTUAL DEPENDENCE OF FAITH, HOPE, AND LOVE. CHAP. 9. - : WHAT WE ARE TO BELIEVE. IN REGARD TO NATURE IT IS NOT NECESSARY FOR THE CHRISTIAN TO KNOW MORE THAN THAT THE GOODNESS OF THE CREATOR IS THE CAUSE OF ALL THINGS. CHAP. 10. - : THE SUPREMELY GOOD CREATOR MADE ALL THINGS GOOD. CHAP. 11. - : WHAT IS CALLED EVIL IN THE UNIVERSE IS BUT THE ABSENCE OF GOOD. CHAP. 12. - : ALL BEINGS WERE MADE GOOD, BUT NOT BEING MADE PERFECTLY GOOD, ARE LIABLE TO CORRUPTION. CHAP. 13. - : THERE CAN BE NO EVIL WHERE THERE IS NO GOOD; AND AN EVIL MAN IS AN EVIL GOOD. CHAP. 14. - : GOOD AND EVIL ARE AN EXCEPTION TO THE RULE THAT CONTRARY ATTRIBUTES CANNOT BE PREDICATED OF THE SAME SUBJECT. EVIL SPRINGS UP IN WHAT IS GOOD, AND CANNOT EXIST EXCEPT IN WHAT IS GOOD. CHAP. 15. - : THE PRECEDING ARGUMENT IS IN NO WISE INCONSISTENT WITH THE SAYING OF OUR LORD: “A GOOD TREE CANNOT BRING FORTH EVIL FRUIT.” CHAP. 16. - : IT IS NOT ESSENTIAL TO MAN’S HAPPINESS THAT HE SHOULD KNOW THE CAUSES OF PHYSICAL CONVULSIONS; BUT IT IS, THAT HE SHOULD KNOW THE CAUSES OF GOOD AND EVIL. CHAP. 17. - : THE NATURE OF ERROR. ALL ERROR IS NOT HURTFUL, THOUGH IT IS MAN’S DUTY AS FAR AS POSSIBLE TO AVOID IT. CHAP. 18. - : IT IS NEVER ALLOWABLE TO TELL A LIE; BUT LIES DIFFER VERY MUCH IN GUILT, ACCORDING TO THE INTENTION AND THE SUBJECT. CHAP. 19. - : MEN’S ERRORS VARY VERY MUCH IN THE MAGNITUDE OF THE EVILS THEY PRODUCE; BUT YET EVERY ERROR IS IN ITSELF AN EVIL. CHAP. 20. - : EVERY ERROR IS NOT A SIN. AN EXAMINATION OF THE OPINION OF THE ACADEMIC PHILOSOPHERS, THAT TO AVOID ERROR WE SHOULD IN ALL CASES SUSPEND BELIEF. CHAP. 21. - : ERROR, THOUGH NOT ALWAYS A SIN, IS ALWAYS AN EVIL. CHAP. 22. - : A LIE IS NOT ALLOWABLE, EVEN TO SAVE ANOTHER FROM INJURY. CHAP. 23. - : SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS OF THE PRECEDING DISCUSSION. CHAP. 24. - : THE SECONDARY CAUSES OF EVIL ARE IGNORANCE AND LUST. CHAP. 25. - : GOD’S JUDGMENTS UPON FALLEN MEN AND ANGELS. THE DEATH OF THE BODY IS MAN’S PECULIAR PUNISHMENT. CHAP. 26. - : THROUGH ADAM’S SIN HIS WHOLE POSTERITY WERE CORRUPTED, AND WERE BORN UNDER THE PENALTY OF DEATH, WHICH HE HAD INCURRED. CHAP. 27. - : THE STATE OF MISERY TO WHICH ADAM’S SIN REDUCED MANKIND, AND THE RESTORATION EFFECTED THROUGH THE MERCY OF GOD. CHAP. 28. - : WHEN THE REBELLIOUS ANGELS WERE CAST OUT, THE REST REMAINED IN THE ENJOYMENT OF ETERNAL HAPPINESS WITH GOD. CHAP. 29. - : THE RESTORED PART OF HUMANITY SHALL, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROMISES OF GOD, SUCCEED TO THE PLACE WHICH THE REBELLIOUS ANGELS LOST. CHAP. 30. - : MEN ARE NOT SAVED BY GOOD WORKS, NOR BY THE FREE DETERMINATION OF THEIR OWN WILL, BUT BY THE GRACE OF GOD THROUGH FAITH. CHAP. 31. - : FAITH ITSELF IS THE GIFT OF GOD; AND GOOD WORKS WILL NOT BE WANTING IN THOSE WHO BELIEVE. CHAP. 32. - : THE FREEDOM OF THE WILL IS ALSO THE GIFT OF GOD, FOR GOD WORKETH IN US BOTH TO WILL AND TO DO. CHAP. 33. - : MEN, BEING BY NATURE THE CHILDREN OF WRATH, NEEDED A MEDIATOR. IN WHAT SENSE GOD IS SAID TO BE ANGRY. CHAP. 34. - : THE INEFFABLE MYSTERY OF THE BIRTH OF CHRIST THE MEDIATOR THROUGH THE VIRGIN MARY. CHAP. 35. - : JESUS CHRIST, BEING THE ONLY SON OF GOD, IS AT THE SAME TIME MAN. CHAP. 36. - : THE GRACE OF GOD IS CLEARLY AND REMARKABLY DISPLAYED IN RAISING THE MAN CHRIST JESUS TO THE DIGNITY OF THE SON OF GOD. CHAP. 37. - : THE SAME GRACE IS FURTHER CLEARLY MANIFESTED IN THIS, THAT THE BIRTH OF CHRIST ACCORDING TO THE FLESH IS OF THE HOLY GHOST. CHAP. 38. - : JESUS CHRIST, ACCORDING TO THE FLESH, WAS NOT BORN OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IN SUCH A SENSE THAT THE HOLY SPIRIT IS HIS FATHER. CHAP. 39. - : NOT EVERYTHING THAT IS BORN OF ANOTHER IS TO BE CALLED A SON OF THAT OTHER. CHAP. 40. - : CHRIST’S BIRTH THROUGH THE HOLY SPIRIT MANIFESTS TO US THE GRACE OF GOD. CHAP. 41. - : CHRIST, WHO WAS HIMSELF FREE FROM SIN, WAS MADE SIN FOR US, THAT WE MIGHT BE RECONCILED TO GOD. CHAP. 42. - : THE SACRAMENT OF BAPTISM INDICATES OUR DEATH WITH CHRIST TO SIN, AND OUR RESURRECTION WITH HIM TO NEWNESS OF LIFE. CHAP. 43. - : BAPTISM AND THE GRACE WHICH IT TYPIFIES ARE OPEN TO ALL, BOTH INFANTS AND ADULTS. CHAP. 44. - : IN SPEAKING OF SIN, THE SINGULAR NUMBER IS OFTEN PUT FOR THE PLURAL, AND THE PLURAL FOR THE SINGULAR. CHAP. 45. - : IN ADAM’S FIRST SIN, MANY KINDS OF SIN WERE INVOLVED. CHAP. 46. - : IT IS PROBABLE THAT CHILDREN ARE INVOLVED IN THE GUILT NOT ONLY OF THE FIRST PAIR, BUT OF THEIR OWN IMMEDIATE PARENTS. CHAP. 47. - : IT IS DIFFICULT TO DECIDE WHETHER THE SINS OF A MAN’S OTHER PROGENITORS ARE IMPUTED TO HIM. CHAP. 48. - : THE GUILT OF THE FIRST SIN IS SO GREAT THAT IT CAN BE WASHED AWAY ONLY IN THE BLOOD OF THE MEDIATOR, JESUS CHRIST. CHAP. 49. - : CHRIST WAS NOT REGENERATED IN THE BAPTISM OF JOHN, BUT SUBMITTED TO IT TO GIVE US AN EXAMPLE OF HUMILITY, JUST AS HE SUBMITTED TO DEATH, NOT AS THE PUNISHMENT OF SIN, BUT TO TAKE AWAY THE SIN OF THE WORLD. CHAP. 50. - : CHRIST TOOK AWAY NOT ONLY THE ONE ORIGINAL SIN, BUT ALL THE OTHER SINS THAT HAVE BEEN ADDED TO IT. CHAP. 51. - : ALL MEN BORN OF ADAM ARE UNDER CONDEMNATION, AND ONLY IF NEW BORN IN CHRIST ARE FREED FROM CONDEMNATION. CHAP. 52. - : IN BAPTISM, WHICH IS THE SIMILITUDE OF THE DEATH AND RESURRECTION OF CHRIST, ALL, BOTH INFANTS AND ADULTS, DIE TO SIN THAT THEY MAY WALK IN NEWNESS OF LIFE. CHAP. 53. - : CHRIST’S CROSS AND BURIAL, RESURRECTION, ASCENSION, AND SITTING DOWN AT THE RIGHT HAND OF GOD, ARE IMAGES OF THE CHRISTIAN LIFE. CHAP. 54. - : CHRIST’S SECOND COMING DOES NOT BELONG TO THE PAST, BUT WILL TAKE PLACE AT THE END OF THE WORLD. CHAP. 55. - : THE EXPRESSION, “CHRIST SHALL JUDGE THE QUICK AND THE DEAD,” MAY BE UNDERSTOOD IN EITHER OF TWO SENSES. CHAP. 56. - : THE HOLY SPIRIT AND THE CHURCH. THE CHURCH IS THE TEMPLE OF GOD. CHAP. 57. - : THE CONDITION OF THE CHURCH IN HEAVEN. CHAP. 58. - : WE HAVE NO CERTAIN KNOWLEDGE OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE ANGELIC SOCIETY. CHAP. 59. - : THE BODIES ASSUMED BY ANGELS RAISE A VERY DIFFICULT, AND NOT VERY USEFUL, SUBJECT OF DISCUSSION. CHAP. 60. - : IT IS MORE NECESSARY TO BE ABLE TO DETECT THE WILES OF SATAN WHEN HE TRANSFORMS HIMSELF INTO AN ANGEL OF LIGHT. CHAP. 61. - : THE CHURCH ON EARTH HAS BEEN REDEEMED FROM SIN BY THE BLOOD OF A MEDIATOR. CHAP. 62. - : BY THE SACRIFICE OF CHRIST ALL THINGS ARE RESTORED, AND PEACE IS MADE BETWEEN EARTH AND HEAVEN. CHAP. 63. - : THE PEACE OF GOD, WHICH REIGNETH IN HEAVEN, PASSETH ALL UNDERSTANDING. CHAP. 64. - : PARDON OF SIN EXTENDS OVER THE WHOLE MORTAL LIFE OF THE SAINTS, WHICH, THOUGH FREE FROM CRIME, IS NOT FREE FROM SIN. CHAP. 65. - : GOD PARDONS SINS, BUT ON CONDITION OF PENITENCE, CERTAIN TIMES FOR WHICH HAVE BEEN FIXED BY THE LAW OF THE CHURCH. CHAP. 66. - : THE PARDON OF SIN HAS REFERENCE CHIEFLY TO THE FUTURE JUDGMENT. CHAP. 67. - : FAITH WITHOUT WORKS IS DEAD, AND CANNOT SAVE A MAN. CHAP. 68. - : THE TRUE SENSE OF THE PASSAGE (1 COR. III. 11-15) ABOUT THOSE WHO ARE SAVED, YET SO AS BY FIRE. CHAP. 69. - : IT IS NOT IMPOSSIBLE THAT SOME BELIEVERS MAY PASS THROUGH A PURGATORIAL FIRE IN THE FUTURE LIFE. CHAP. 70. - : ALMSGIVING WILL NOT ATONE FOR SIN UNLESS THE LIFE BE CHANGED. CHAP. 71. - : THE DAILY PRAYER OF THE BELIEVER MAKES SATISFACTION FOR THE TRIVIAL SINS THAT DAILY STAIN HIS LIFE. CHAP. 72. - : THERE ARE MANY KINDS OF ALMS, THE GIVING OF WHICH ASSISTS TO PROCURE PARDON FOR OUR SINS. CHAP. 73. - : THE GREATEST OF ALL ALMS IS TO FORGIVE OUR DEBTORS AND TO LOVE OUR ENEMIES. CHAP. 74. - : GOD DOES NOT PARDON THE SINS OF THOSE WHO DO NOT FROM THE HEART FORGIVE OTHERS. CHAP. 75. - : THE WICKED AND THE UNBELIEVING ARE NOT MADE CLEAN BY THE GIVING OF ALMS, EXCEPT THEY BE BORN AGAIN. CHAP. 76. - : TO GIVE ALMS ARIGHT, WE SHOULD BEGIN WITH OURSELVES, AND HAVE PITY UPON OUR OWN SOULS. CHAP. 77. - : IF WE WOULD GIVE ALMS TO OURSELVES, WE MUST FLEE INIQUITY; FOR HE WHO LOVETH INIQUITY HATETH HIS SOUL. CHAP. 78. - : WHAT SINS ARE TRIVIAL AND WHAT HEINOUS IS A MATTER FOR GOD’S JUDGMENT. CHAP. 79. - : SINS WHICH APPEAR VERY TRIFLING, ARE SOMETIMES IN REALITY VERY SERIOUS. CHAP. 80. - : SINS, HOWEVER GREAT AND DETESTABLE, SEEM TRIVIAL WHEN WE ARE ACCUSTOMED TO THEM. CHAP. 81. - : THERE ARE TWO CAUSES OF SIN, IGNORANCE AND WEAKNESS; AND WE NEED DIVINE HELP TO OVERCOME BOTH. CHAP. 82. - : THE MERCY OF GOD IS NECESSARY TO TRUE REPENTANCE. CHAP. 83. - : THE MAN WHO DESPISES THE MERCY OF GOD IS GUILTY OF THE SIN AGAINST THE HOLY GHOST. CHAP. 84. - : THE RESURRECTION OF THE BODY GIVES RISE TO NUMEROUS QUESTIONS. CHAP. 85. - : THE CASE OF ABORTIVE CONCEPTIONS. CHAP. 86. - : IF THEY HAVE EVER LIVED, THEY MUST OF COURSE HAVE DIED, AND THEREFORE SHALL HAVE A SHARE IN THE RESURRECTION OF THE DEAD. CHAP. 87. - : THE CASE OF MONSTROUS BIRTHS. CHAP. 88. - : THE MATERIAL OF THE BODY NEVER PERISHES. CHAP. 89. - : BUT THIS MATERIAL MAY BE DIFFERENTLY ARRANGED IN THE RESURRECTION BODY. CHAP. 90. - : IF THERE BE DIFFERENCES AND INEQUALITIES AMONG THE BODIES OF THOSE WHO RISE AGAIN, THERE SHALL BE NOTHING OFFENSIVE OR DISPROPORTIONATE IN ANY. CHAP. 91. - : THE BODIES OF THE SAINTS SHALL AT THE RESURRECTION BE SPIRITUAL BODIES. CHAP. 92. - : THE RESURRECTION OF THE LOST. CHAP. 93. - : BOTH THE FIRST AND THE SECOND DEATHS ARE THE CONSEQUENCE OF SIN. PUNISHMENT IS PROPORTIONED TO GUILT. CHAP. 94. - : THE SAINTS SHALL KNOW MORE FULLY IN THE NEXT WORLD THE BENEFITS THEY HAVE RECEIVED BY GRACE. CHAP. 95. - : GOD’S JUDGMENTS SHALL THEN BE EXPLAINED. CHAP. 96. - : THE OMNIPOTENT GOD DOES WELL EVEN IN THE PERMISSION OF EVIL. CHAP. 97. - : IN WHAT SENSE DOES THE APOSTLE SAY THAT “GOD WILL HAVE ALL MEN TO BE SAVED,” WHEN, AS A MATTER OF FACT, ALL ARE NOT SAVED? CHAP. 98. - : PREDESTINATION TO ETERNAL LIFE IS WHOLLY OF GOD’S FREE GRACE. CHAP. 99. - : AS GOD’S MERCY IS FREE, SO HIS JUDGMENTS ARE JUST, AND CANNOT BE GAINSAID. CHAP. 100. - : THE WILL OF GOD IS NEVER DEFEATED, THOUGH MUCH IS DONE THAT IS CONTRARY TO HIS WILL. CHAP. 101. - : THE WILL OF GOD, WHICH IS ALWAYS GOOD, IS SOMETIMES FULFILLED THROUGH THE EVIL WILL OF MAN. CHAP. 102. - : THE WILL OF THE OMNIPOTENT GOD IS NEVER DEFEATED, AND IS NEVER EVIL. CHAP. 103. - : INTERPRETATION OF THE EXPRESSION IN 1 TIM. II. 4: “WHO WILL HAVE ALL MEN TO BE SAVED.” CHAP. 104. - : GOD, FOREKNOWING THE SIN OF THE FIRST MAN, ORDERED HIS OWN PURPOSES ACCORDINGLY. CHAP. 105. - : MAN WAS SO CREATED AS TO BE ABLE TO CHOOSE EITHER GOOD OR EVIL: IN THE FUTURE LIFE, THE CHOICE OF EVIL WILL BE IMPOSSIBLE. CHAP. 106. - : THE GRACE OF GOD WAS NECESSARY TO MAN’S SALVATION BEFORE THE FALL AS WELL AS AFTER IT. CHAP. 107. - : ETERNAL LIFE, THOUGH THE REWARD OF GOOD WORKS, IS ITSELF THE GIFT OF GOD. CHAP. 108. - : A MEDIATOR WAS NECESSARY TO RECONCILE US TO GOD; AND UNLESS THIS MEDIATOR HAD BEEN GOD, HE COULD NOT HAVE BEEN OUR REDEEMER. CHAP. 109. - : THE STATE OF THE SOUL DURING THE INTERVAL BETWEEN DEATH AND THE RESURRECTION. CHAP. 110. - : THE BENEFIT TO THE SOULS OF THE DEAD FROM THE SACRAMENTS AND ALMS OF THEIR LIVING FRIENDS. CHAP. 111. - : AFTER THE RESURRECTION THERE SHALL BE TWO DISTINCT KINGDOMS, ONE OF ETERNAL HAPPINESS, THE OTHER OF ETERNAL MISERY. CHAP. 112. - : THERE IS NO GROUND IN SCRIPTURE FOR THE OPINION OF THOSE WHO DENY THE ETERNITY OF FUTURE PUNISHMENTS. CHAP. 113. - : THE DEATH OF THE WICKED SHALL BE ETERNAL IN THE SAME SENSE AS THE LIFE OF THE SAINTS. CHAP. 114. - : HAVING DEALT WITH FAITH, WE NOW COME TO SPEAK OF HOPE. EVERYTHING THAT PERTAINS TO HOPE IS EMBRACED IN THE LORD’S PRAYER. CHAP. 115. - : THE SEVEN PETITIONS OF THE LORD’S PRAYER, ACCORDING TO MATTHEW. CHAP. 116. - : LUKE EXPRESSES THE SUBSTANCE OF THESE SEVEN PETITIONS MORE BRIEFLY IN FIVE. CHAP. 117. - : LOVE, WHICH IS GREATER THAN FAITH AND HOPE, IS SHED ABROAD IN OUR HEARTS BY THE HOLY GHOST. CHAP. 118. - : THE FOUR STAGES OF THE CHRISTAIN’S LIFE, AND THE FOUR CORRESPONDING STAGES OF THE CHURCH’S HISTORY. CHAP. 119. - : THE GRACE OF REGENERATION WASHES AWAY ALL PAST SIN AND ALL ORIGINAL GUILT. CHAP. 120. - : DEATH CANNOT INJURE THOSE WHO HAVE RECEIVED THE GRACE OF REGENERATION. CHAP. 121. - : LOVE IS THE END OF ALL THE COMMANDMENTS, AND GOD HIMSELF IS LOVE. CHAP. 122. - : CONCLUSION.

ON THE CATECHISING OF THE UNINSTRUCTED (De catechizandis rudibus)

CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY NOTICE. CHAP. 1. - : HOW AUGUSTIN WRITES IN ANSWER TO A FAVOR ASKED BY A DEACON OF CARTHAGE. CHAP. 2. - : HOW IT OFTEN HAPPENS THAT A DISCOURSE WHICH GIVES PLEASURE TO THE HEARER IS DISTASTEFUL TO THE SPEAKER; AND WHAT EXPLANATION IS TO BE OFFERED OF THAT FACT. CHAP. 3. - : OF THE FULL NARRATION TO BE EMPLOYED IN CATECHISING. CHAP. 4. - : THAT THE GREAT REASON FOR THE ADVENT OF CHRIST WAS THE COMMENDATION OF LOVE. CHAP. 5. - : THAT THE PERSON WHO COMES FOR CATECHETICAL INSTRUCTION IS TO BE EXAMINED WITH RESPECT TO HIS VIEWS, ON DESIRING TO BECOME A CHRISTIAN. CHAP. 6. - : OF THE WAY TO COMMENCE THE CATECHETICAL INSTRUCTION, AND OF THE NARRATION OF FACTS FROM THE HISTORY OF THE WORLD’S CREATION ON TO THE PRESENT TIMES OF THE CHURCH. CHAP. 7. - : OF THE EXPOSITION OF THE RESURRECTION, THE JUDGMENT, AND OTHER SUBJECTS, WHICH SHOULD FOLLOW THIS NARRATION. CHAP. 8. - : OF THE METHOD TO BE PURSUED IN CATECHISING THOSE WHO HAVE HAD A LIBERAL EDUCATION. CHAP. 9. - : OF THE METHOD IN WHICH GRAMMARIANS AND PROFESSIONAL SPEAKERS ARE TO BE DEALT WITH. CHAP. 10. - : OF THE ATTAINMENT OF CHEERFULNESS IN THE DUTY OF CATECHISING, AND OF VARIOUS CAUSES PRODUCING WEARINESS IN THE CATECHUMEN. CHAP. 11. - : OF THE REMEDY FOR THE SECOND SOURCE OF WEARINESS. CHAP. 12. - : OF THE REMEDY FOR THE THIRD SOURCE OF WEARINESS. CHAP. 13. - : OF THE REMEDY FOR THE FOURTH SOURCE OF WEARINESS. CHAP. 14. - : OF THE REMEDY AGAINST THE FIFTH AND SIXTH SOURCES OF WEARINESS. CHAP. 15. - : OF THE METHOD IN WHICH OUR ADDRESS SHOULD BE ADAPTED TO DIFFERENT CLASSES OF HEARERS. CHAP. 16. - : A SPECIMEN OF A CATECHETICAL ADDRESS; AND FIRST, THE CASE OF A CATECHUMEN WITH WORTHY VIEWS. CHAP. 17. - : THE SPECIMEN OF CATECHETICAL DISCOURSE CONTINUED, IN REFERENCE SPECIALLY TO THE REPROVAL OF FALSE AIMS ON THE CATECHUMEN’S PART. CHAP. 18. - : OF WHAT IS TO BE BELIEVED ON THE SUBJECT OF THE CREATION OF MAN AND OTHER OBJECTS. CHAP. 19. - : OF THE CO-EXISTENCE OF GOOD AND EVIL IN THE CHURCH, AND THEIR FINAL SEPARATION. CHAP. 20. - : OF ISRAEL’S BONDAGE IN EGYPT, THEIR DELIVERANCE, AND THEIR PASSAGE THROUGH THE RED SEA. CHAP. 21. - : OF THE BABYLONISH CAPTIVITY, AND THE THINGS SIGNIFIED THEREBY. CHAP. 22. - : OF THE SIX AGES OF THE WORLD. CHAP. 23. - : OF THE MISSION OF THE HOLY GHOST FIFTY DAYS AFTER CHRIST’S RESURRECTION. CHAP. 24. - : OF THE CHURCH IN ITS LIKENESS TO A VINE SPROUTING AND SUFFERING PRUNING. CHAP. 25. - : OF CONSTANCY IN THE FAITH OF THE RESURRECTION. CHAP. 26. - : OF THE FORMAL ADMISSION OF THE CATECHUMEN, AND OF THE SIGNS THEREIN MADE USE OF. CHAP. 27. - : OF THE PROPHECIES OF THE OLD TESTAMENT IN THEIR VISIBLE FULFILLMENT IN THE CHURCH.

ON FAITH AND THE CREED (De fide et symbolo)

CONTENTS INTRODUCTORY NOTICE. CHAP. 1. - : OF THE ORIGIN AND OBJECT OF THE COMPOSITION. CHAP. 2. - : OF GOD AND HIS EXCLUSIVE ETERNITY. CHAP. 3. - : OF THE SON OF GOD, AND HIS PECULIAR DESIGNATION AS THE WORD. CHAP. 4. - : OF THE SON OF GOD AS NEITHER MADE BY THE FATHER NOR LESS THAN THE FATHER, AND OF HIS INCARNATION. CHAP. 5. - : OF CHRIST’S PASSION, BURIAL, AND RESURRECTION. CHAP. 6. - : OF CHRIST’S ASCENSION INTO HEAVEN. CHAP. 7. - : OF CHRIST’S SESSION AT THE FATHER’S RIGHT HAND. CHAP. 8. - : OF CHRIST’S COMING TO JUDGMENT. CHAP. 9. - : OF THE HOLY SPIRIT AND THE MYSTERY OF THE TRINITY. CHAP. 10. - : OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH, THE REMISSION OF SINS, AND THE RESURRECTION OF THE FLESH.

CONCERNING FAITH OF THINGS NOT SEEN (De fide rerum invisibilium) ON THE PROFIT OF BELIEVING (De utilitate credendi) ON THE CREED: A SERMON TO CATECHUMENS (De symbolo ad catechumenos) ON CONTINENCE (De continentia) ON THE GOOD OF MARRIAGE (De bono coniugali) ON HOLY VIRGINITY (De sancta virginitate) ON THE GOOD OF WIDOWHOOD (De bono viduitatis) ON LYING (De mendacio) TO CONSENTIUS: AGAINST LYING (Contra mendacium) ON THE WORK OF MONKS (De opere monachorum) ON PATIENCE (De patientia) ON CARE TO BE HAD FOR THE DEAD (De cura pro mortuis gerenda) ON THE MORALS OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH (De moribus ecclesiae catholicae)

CONTENTS Argument Of the Morals of the Catholic Church. Chapter 1. - How the Pretensions of the Manichæans are to Be Refuted. Two Manichæan Falsehoods. Chapter 2. - He Begins with Arguments, in Compliance with the Mistaken Method of the Manichæans. Chapter 3. - Happiness is in the Enjoyment of Man’s Chief Good. Two Conditions of the Chief Good: 1st, Nothing is Better Than It; 2d, It Cannot Be Lost Against the Will. Chapter 4. - Man - What? Chapter 5. - Man’s Chief Good is Not the Chief Good of the Body Only, But the Chief Good of the Soul. Chapter 6. - Virtue Gives Perfection to the Soul; The Soul Obtains Virtue by Following God; Following God is the Happy Life. Chapter 7. - The Knowledge of God to Be Obtained from the Scripture. The Plan and Principal Mysteries of the Divine Scheme of Redemption. Chapter 8. - God is the Chief Good, Whom We are to Seek After with Supreme Affection. Chapter 9. - Harmony of the Old and New Testament on the Precepts of Charity. Chapter 10. - What the Church Teaches About God. The Two Gods of the Manichæans. Chapter 11. - God is the One Object of Love; Therefore He is Man’s Chief Good. Nothing is Better Than God. God Cannot Be Lost Against Our Will. Chapter 12. - We are United to God by Love, in Subjection to Him. Chapter 13. - We are Joined Inseparably to God by Christ and His Spirit. Chapter 14. - We Cleave to the Trinity, Our Chief Good, by Love. Chapter 15. - The Christian Definition of the Four Virtues. Chapter 16. - Harmony of the Old and New Testaments. Chapter 17. - Appeal to the Manichæans, Calling on Them to Repent. Chapter 18. - Only in the Catholic Church is Perfect Truth Established on the Harmony of Both Testaments. Chapter 19. - Description of the Duties of Temperance, According to the Sacred Scriptures. Chapter 20. - We are Required to Despise All Sensible Things, and to Love God Alone. Chapter 21. - Popular Renown and Inquisitiveness are Condemned in the Sacred Scriptures. Chapter 22. - Fortitude Comes from the Love of God. Chapter 23. - Scripture Precepts and Examples of Fortitude. Chapter 24. - Of Justice and Prudence. Chapter 25. - Four Moral Duties Regarding the Love of God, of Which Love the Reward is Eternal Life and the Knowledge of the Truth. Chapter 26. - Love of Ourselves and of Our Neighbor. Chapter 27. - On Doing Good to the Body of Our Neighbor. Chapter 28. - On Doing Good to the Soul of Our Neighbor. Two Parts of Discipline, Restraint and Instruction. Through Good Conduct We Arrive at the Knowledge of the Truth. Chapter 29. - Of the Authority of the Scriptures. Chapter 30. - The Church Apostrophised as Teacher of All Wisdom. Doctrine of the Catholic Church. Chapter 31. - The Life of the Anachoretes and Cœnobites Set Against the Continence of the Manichæans. Chapter 32. - Praise of the Clergy. Chapter 33. - Another Kind of Men Living Together in Cities. Fasts of Three Days. Chapter 34. - The Church is Not to Be Blamed for the Conduct of Bad Christians, Worshippers of Tombs and Pictures. Chapter 35. - Marriage and Property Allowed to the Baptized by the Apostles.

ON THE MORALS OF THE MANICHAEANS (De moribus Manichaeorum) CONTENTS

Chapter 1. - The Supreme Good is that Which is Possessed of Supreme Existence. Chapter 2. - What Evil is. That Evil is that Which is Against Nature. In Allowing This, the Manichæans Refute Themselves. Chapter 3. - If Evil is Defined as that Which is Hurtful, This Implies Another Refutation of the Manichæans. Chapter 4. - The Difference Between What is Good in Itself and What is Good by Participation. Chapter 5. - If Evil is Defined to Be Corruption, This Completely Refutes the Manichæan Heresy. Chapter 6. - What Corruption Affects and What It is. Chapter 7. - The Goodness of God Prevents Corruption from Bringing Anything to Non-Existence. The Difference Between Creating and Forming. Chapter 8. - Evil is Not a Substance, But a Disagreement Hostile to Substance. Chapter 9. - The Manichæan Fictions About Things Good and Evil are Not Consistent with Themselves. Chapter 10. - Three Moral Symbols Devised by the Manichæans for No Good. Chapter 11. - The Value of the Symbol of the Mouth Among the Manichæans, Who are Found Guilty of Blaspheming God. Chapter 12. - Manichæan Subterfuge. Chapter 13. - Actions to Be Judged of from Their Motive, Not from Externals. Manichæan Abstinence to Be Tried by This Principle. Chapter 14. - Three Good Reasons for Abstaining from Certain Kinds of Food. Chapter 15. - Why the Manichæans Prohibit the Use of Flesh. Chapter 16. - Disclosure of the Monstrous Tenets of the Manichæans. Chapter 17. - Description of the Symbol of the Hands Among the Manichæans. Chapter 18. - Of the Symbol of the Breast, and of the Shameful Mysteries of the Manichæans. Chapter 19. - Crimes of the Manichæans. Chapter 20. - Disgraceful Conduct Discovered at Rome.

ON TWO SOULS, AGAINST THE MANICHAEANS (De duabus animabus)

CONTENTS Chapter 1. - By What Course of Reasoning the Error of the Manichæans Concerning Two Souls, One of Which is Not from God, is Refuted. Every Soul, Inasmuch as It is a Certain Life, Can Have Its Existence Only from God the Source of Life. Chapter 2. - If the Light that is Perceived by Sense Has God for Its Author, as the Manichæans Acknowledge, Much More The Soul Which is Perceived by Intellect Alone. Chapter 3. - How It is Proved that Every Body Also is from God. That the Soul Which is Called Evil by the Manichæans is Better Than Light. Chapter 4. - Even the Soul of a Fly is More Excellent Than the Light. Chapter 5. - How Vicious Souls, However Worthy of Condemnation They May Be, Excel the Light Which is Praiseworthy in Its Kind. Chapter 6. - Whether Even Vices Themselves as Objects of Intellectual Apprehension are to Be Preferred to Light as an Object of Sense Perception, and are to Be Attributed to God as Their Author. Vice of the Mind and Certain Defects are Not Rightly to Be Counted Among Intelligible Things. Defects Themselves Even If They Should Be Counted Among Intelligible Things Should Never Be Put Before Sensible Things. If Light is Visible by God, Much More is the Soul, Even If Vicious, Which in So Far as It Lives is an Intelligible Thing. Passages of Scripture are Adduced by the Manichæans to the Contrary. Chapter 7. - How Evil Men are of God, and Not of God. Chapter 8. - The Manichæans Inquire Whence is Evil and by This Question Think They Have Triumphed. Let Them First Know, Which is Most Easy to Do, that Nothing Can Live Without God. Consummate Evil Cannot Be Known Except by the Knowledge of Consummate Good, Which is God. Chapter 9. - Augustin Deceived by Familiarity with the Manichæans, and by the Succession of Victories Over Ignorant Christians Reported by Them. The Manichæans are Likewise Easily Refuted from the Knowledge of Sin and the Will. Chapter 10. - Sin is Only from the Will. His Own Life and Will Best Known to Each Individual. What Will is. Chapter 11. - What Sin is. Chapter 12. - From the Definitions Given of Sin and Will, He Overthrows the Entire Heresy of the Manichæans. Likewise from the Just Condemnation of Evil Souls It Follows that They are Evil Not by Nature But by Will. That Souls are Good By Nature, to Which the Pardon of Sins is Granted. Chapter 13. - From Deliberation on the Evil and on the Good Part It Results that Two Classes of Souls are Not to Be Held to. A Class of Souls Enticing to Shameful Deeds Having Been Conceded, It Does Not Follow that These are Evil by Nature, that the Others are Supreme Good. Chapter 14. - Again It is Shown from the Utility of Repenting that Souls are Not by Nature Evil. So Sure a Demonstration is Not Contradicted Except from the Habit of Erring. Chapter 15. - He Prays for His Friends Whom He Has Had as Associates in Error.

ACTS OR DISPUTATION AGAINST FORTUNATUS THE MANICHAEAN (Acta contra Fortunatum Manichaeum)

CONTENTS Disputation of the First Day. Disputation of the Second Day.

AGAINST THE EPISTLE OF MANICHAEUS CALLED FUNDAMENTAL (Contra epistulam Manichaei quam vocant fundamenti)

CONTENTS Chapter 1. - To Heal Heretics is Better Than to Destroy Them Chapter 2. - Why the Manichæans Should Be More Gently Dealt with Chapter 3. - Augustine Once a Manichæan Chapter 4. - Proofs of the Catholic Faith Chapter 5. - Against the Title of the Epistle of Manichæus Chapter 6. - Why Manichæus Called Himself an Apostle of Christ Chapter 7. - In What Sense the Followers of Manichæus Believe Him to Be the Holy Spirit Chapter 8. - The Festival of the Birth-Day of Manichæus Chapter 9. - When the Holy Spirit Was Sent Chapter 10. - The Holy Spirit Twice Given Chapter 11. - Manichæus Promises Truth, But Does Not Make Good His Word Chapter 12. - The Wild Fancies of Manichæus. The Battle Before the Constitution of the World Chapter 13. - Two Opposite Substances. The Kingdom of Light. Manichæus Teaches Uncertainties Instead of Certainties Chapter 14. - Manichæus Promises the Knowledge of Undoubted Things, and Then Demands Faith in Doubtful Things Chapter 15. - The Doctrine of Manichæus Not Only Uncertain, But False. His Absurd Fancy of a Land and Race of Darkness Bordering on the Holy Region and the Substance of God. The Error, First of All, of Giving to the Nature of God Limits and Borders, as If God Were a Material Substance, Having Extension in Space Chapter 16. - The Soul, Though Mutable, Has No Material Form. It is All Present in Every Part of the Body Chapter 17. - The Memory Contains the Ideas of Places of the Greatest Size Chapter 18. - The Understanding Judges of the Truth of Things, and of Its Own Action Chapter 19. - If the Mind Has No Material Extension, Much Less Has God Chapter 20. - Refutation of the Absurd Idea of Two Territories Chapter 21. - This Region of Light Must Be Material If It is Joined to the Region of Darkness. The Shape of the Region of Darkness Joined to the Region of Light Chapter 22. - The Form of the Region of Light the Worse of the Two Chapter 23. - The Anthropomorphites Not So Bad as the Manichæans Chapter 24. - Of the Number of Natures in the Manichæan Fiction Chapter 25. - Omnipotence Creates Good Things Differing in Degree. In Every Description Whatsoever of the Junction of the Two Regions There is Either Impropriety or Absurdity Chapter 26. - The Manichæans are Reduced to the Choice of a Tortuous, or Curved, or Straight Line of Junction. The Third Kind of Line Would Give Symmetry and Beauty Suitable to Both Regions Chapter 27. - The Beauty of the Straight Line Might Be Taken from the Region of Darkness Without Taking Anything from Its Substance. So Evil Neither Takes from Nor Adds to the Substance of the Soul. The Straightness of Its Side Would Be So Far a Good Bestowed on the Region of Darkness by God the Creator Chapter 28. - Manichæus Places Five Natures in the Region of Darkness Chapter 29. - The Refutation of This Absurdity Chapter 30. - The Number of Good Things in Those Natures Which Manichæus Places in the Region of Darkness Chapter 31. - The Same Subject Continued Chapter 32. - Manichæus Got the Arrangement of His Fanciful Notions from Visible Objects Chapter 33. - Every Nature, as Nature, is Good Chapter 34. - Nature Cannot Be Without Some Good. The Manichæans Dwell Upon the Evils Chapter 35. - Evil Alone is Corruption. Corruption is Not Nature, But Contrary to Nature. Corruption Implies Previous Good Chapter 36. - The Source of Evil or of Corruption of Good Chapter 37. - God Alone Perfectly Good Chapter 38. - Nature Made by God; Corruption Comes from Nothing Chapter 39. - In What Sense Evils are from God Chapter 40. - Corruption Tends to Non-Existence Chapter 41. - Corruption is by God’s Permission, and Comes from Us Chapter 42. - Exhortation to the Chief Good Chapter 43. - Conclusion

REPLY TO FAUSTUS THE MANICHAEAN (Contra Faustum)

CONTENTS PREFACE Book I. Book II. Book III. Book IV. Book V. Book VI. Book VII. Book VIII. Book IX. Book X. Book XI. Book XII. Book XIII. Book XIV. Book XV. Book XVI. Book XVII. Book XVIII. Book XIX. Book XX. Book XXI. Book XXII. Book XXIII. Book XXIV. Book XXV. Book XXVI. Book XXVII. Book XXVIII. Book XXIX. Book XXX. Book XXXI. Book XXXII. Book XXXIII.

CONCERNING THE NATURE OF GOOD, AGAINST THE MANICHAEANS (De natura boni contra Manichaeos)

CONTENTS Preface Chapter 1. - God the Highest and Unchangeable Good, from Whom are All Other Good Things, Spiritual and Corporeal. Chapter 2. - How This May Suffice for Correcting the Manichæans. Chapter 3. - Measure, Form, and Order, Generic Goods in Things Made by God. Chapter 4. - Evil is Corruption of Measure, Form, or Order. Chapter 5. - The Corrupted Nature of a More Excellent Order Sometimes Better Than an Inferior Nature Even Uncorrupted. Chapter 6. - Nature Which Cannot Be Corrupted is the Highest Good; That Which Can, is Some Good. Chapter 7. - The Corruption of Rational Spirits is on the One Hand Voluntary, on the Other Penal. Chapter 8. - From the Corruption and Destruction of Inferior Things is the Beauty of the Universe. Chapter 9. - Punishment is Constituted for the Sinning Nature that It May Be Rightly Ordered. Chapter 10. - Natures Corruptible, Because Made of Nothing. Chapter 11. - God Cannot Suffer Harm, Nor Can Any Other Nature Except by His Permission. Chapter 12. - All Good Things are from God Alone. Chapter 13. - Individual Good Things, Whether Small or Great, are from God. Chapter 14. - Small Good Things in Comparison with Greater are Called by Contrary Names. Chapter 15. - In the Body of the Ape the Good of Beauty is Present, Though in a Less Degree. Chapter 16. - Privations in Things are Fittingly Ordered by God. Chapter 17. - Nature, in as Far as It is Nature, No Evil. Chapter 18. - Hyle, Which Was Called by the Ancients the Formless Material of Things, is Not an Evil. Chapter 19. - To Have True Existence is an Exclusive Prerogative of God. Chapter 20. - Pain Only in Good Natures. Chapter 21. - From Measure Things are Said to Be Moderate-Sized. Chapter 22. - Measure in Some Sense is Suitable to God Himself. Chapter 23. - Whence a Bad Measure, a Bad Form, a Bad Order May Sometimes Be Spoken of. Chapter 24. - It is Proved by the Testimonies of Scripture that God is Unchangeable. The Son of God Begotten, Not Made. Chapter 25. - This Last Expression Misunderstood by Some. Chapter 26. - That Creatures are Made of Nothing. Chapter 27.- “From Him” And “Of Him” Do Not Mean The Same Thing. Chapter 28. - Sin Not From God, But From The Will of Those Sinning. Chapter 29. - That God is Not Defiled by Our Sins. Chapter 30. - That Good Things, Even the Least, and Those that are Earthly, are by God. Chapter 31. - To Punish and to Forgive Sins Belong Equally to God. Chapter 32. - From God Also is the Very Power to Be Hurtful. Chapter 33. - That Evil Angels Have Been Made Evil, Not by God, But by Sinning. Chapter 34. - That Sin is Not the Striving for an Evil Nature, But the Desertion of a Better. Chapter 35. - The Tree Was Forbidden to Adam Not Because It Was Evil, But Because It Was Good for Man to Be Subject to God. Chapter 36. - No Creature of God is Evil, But to Abuse a Creature of God is Evil. Chapter 37. - God Makes Good Use of the Evil Deeds of Sinners. Chapter 38. - Eternal Fire Torturing the Wicked, Not Evil. Chapter 39. - Fire is Called Eternal, Not as God Is, But Because Without End. Chapter 40. - Neither Can God Suffer Hurt, Nor Any Other, Save by the Just Ordination of God. Chapter 41. - How Great Good Things the Manichæans Put in the Nature of Evil, and How Great Evil Things in the Nature of Good. Chapter 42. - Manichæan Blasphemies Concerning the Nature of God. Chapter 43. - Many Evils Before His Commingling with Evil are Attributed to the Nature of God by the Manichæans. Chapter 44. - Incredible Turpitudes in God Imagined by Manichæus. Chapter 45. - Certain Unspeakable Turpitudes Believed, Not Without Reason, Concerning the Manichæans Themselves. Chapter 46. - The Unspeakable Doctrine of the Fundamental Epistle. Chapter 47. - He Compels to the Perpetration of Horrible Turpitudes. Chapter 48. - Augustin Prays that the Manichæans May Be Restored to Their Senses.

ON BAPTISM, AGAINST THE DONATISTS (De baptismo)

CONTENTS Preface Book I. Chapter 1. - 1. Chapter 2. - 3. Chapter 3. - 4. Chapter 4. - 5. Chapter 5. - 6. Chapter 6. - 8. Chapter 7. - 9. Chapter 8. - 10. Chapter 9. - 12. Chapter 10. - 13. Chapter 11. - 15. Chapter 12. - 18. Chapter 13. - 21. Chapter 14. - 22. Chapter 15. - 23. Chapter 16. - 25. Chapter 17. - 26. Chapter 18. - 27. Chapter 19. - 29. Book II. Chapter 1. - 1. Chapter 2. - 3. Chapter 3. - 4. Chapter 4. - 5. Chapter 5. - 6. Chapter 6. - 7. Chapter 7. - 10. Chapter 8. - 13. Chapter 9. - 14. Chapter 10. - 15. Chapter 11. - 16. Chapter 12. - 17. Chapter 13. - 18. Chapter 14. - 19. Chapter 15. - 20. Chapter 1. - 1. Chapter 2. - 2. Chapter 3. - 4. Chapter 4. - 6. Chapter 5. - 7. Chapter 6. - 9. Chapter 7. - 10. Chapter 8. - 11. Chapter 9. - 12. Chapter 10. - 13. Chapter 11. - 16. Chapter 12. - 17. Chapter 13. - 18. Chapter 14. - 19. Chapter 15. - 20. Chapter 16. - 21. Chapter 17. - 22. Chapter 19. - 25. Book IV. Chapter 1. - 1. Chapter 2. - 2. Chapter 3. - 4. Chapter 4. - 6. Chapter 5. - 8. Chapter 6. - 9. Chapter 7. - 11. Chapter 8. - 12. Chapter 9. - 13. Chapter 10. - 15. Chapter 11. - 18. Chapter 12. - 19. Chapter 13. - 20. Chapter 14. - 22. Chapter 15. - 23. Chapter 16. - 24. Chapter 17. - 25. Chapter 18. - 26. Chapter 19. - 27. Chapter 20. - 28. Chapter 21. - 29. Chapter 22. - 30. Chapter 23. - 31. Chapter 24. - 32. Chapter 25. - 33. Chapter 26. - 34. Book V Chapter 1. - 1. Chapter 2. - 2. Chapter 4. - 4. Chapter 5. - 5. Chapter 6. - 7. Chapter 7. - 8. Chapter 8. - 9. Chapter 9. - 10. Chapter 10. - 12. Chapter 11. - 13. Chapter 12. - 14. Chapter 13. - 15. Chapter 14. - 16. Chapter 15. - 17. Chapter 17. - 22. Chapter 18. - 24. Chapter 19. - 25. Chapter 21. - 29. Chapter 22. - 30. Chapter 23. - 31. Chapter 24. - 34. Chapter 25. - 36. Chapter 26. - 37. Chapter 27. - 38. Chapter 28. - 39. Book VI. Chapter 1. - 1. Chapter 2. - 3. Chapter 3. - 5. Chapter 4. - 6. Chapter 5. - 7. Chapter 6. - 9. Chapter 7. - 10. Chapter 8. - 11. Chapter 9. - 13. Chapter 10. - 15. Chapter 11. - 16. Chapter 12. - 18. Chapter 13. - 20. Chapter 14. - 22. Chapter 15. - 24. Chapter 16. - 26. Chapter 17. - 28. Chapter 18. - 30. Chapter 19. - 32. Chapter 20. - 34. Chapter 21. - 36. Chapter 22. - 38. Chapter 23. - 40. Chapter 24. - 42. Chapter 25. - 46. Chapter 26. - 49. Chapter 27. - 51. Chapter 28. - 53. Chapter 29. - 55. Chapter 30. - 57. Chapter 31. - 59. Chapter 32. - 61. Chapter 33. - 63. Chapter 34. - 65. Chapter 35. - 67. Chapter 36. - 69. Chapter 37. - 71. Chapter 38. - 73. Chapter 39. - 75. Chapter 40. - 77. Chapter 41. - 79. Chapter 42. - 81. Chapter 43. - 83. Chapter 44. - 85. Book VII. Chapter 1. - 1. Chapter 2. - 2. Chapter 3. - 4. Chapter 4. - 6. Chapter 5. - 8. Chapter 6. - 10. Chapter 7. - 12. Chapter 8. - 14. Chapter 9. - 16. Chapter 10. - 18. Chapter 11. - 20. Chapter 12. - 22. Chapter 13. - 24. Chapter 14. - 26. Chapter 15. - 28. Chapter 16. - 30. Chapter 17. - 32. Chapter 18. - 34. Chapter 19. - 36. Chapter 20. - 38. Chapter 21. - 40. Chapter 22. - 42. Chapter 23. - 44. Chapter 24. - 46. Chapter 25. - 48. Chapter 26. - 50. Chapter 27. - 52. Chapter 28. - 54. Chapter 29. - 56. Chapter 30. - 58. Chapter 31. - 60. Chapter 32. - 62. Chapter 33. - 64. Chapter 34. - 66. Chapter 35. - 68. Chapter 36. - 70. Chapter 37. - 72. Chapter 38. - 74. Chapter 39. - 76. Chapter 40. - 78. Chapter 41. - 80. Chapter 42. - 82. Chapter 43. - 84. Chapter 44. - 86. Chapter 45. - 88. Chapter 46. - 90. Chapter 47. - 92. Chapter 48. - 94. Chapter 49. - 96. Chapter 50. - 98. Chapter 51. - 99. Chapter 52. - 100. Chapter 53. - 101. Chapter 54. - 103.

THE CORRECTION OF THE DONATISTS (De correctione Donatistarum)

CONTENTS Chapter 1. - 1. Chapter 2. - 6. Chapter 3. - 12. Chapter 4. - 15. Chapter 5. - 19. Chapter 6. - 21. Chapter 7. - 25. Chapter 8. - 32. Chapter 9. - 35. Chapter 10. - 43. Chapter 11. - 48.

ON MERITS AND REMISSION OF SIN, AND INFANT BAPTISM (De peccatorum meritis et remissione et de baptismo parvulorum)

CONTENTS BOOK 1 Chapter 1 [I.] - Introductory, in the Shape of an Inscription to His Friend Marcellinus. Chapter 2 [II.] - If Adam Had Not Sinned, He Would Never Have Died. Chapter 3 [III.] - It is One Thing to Be Mortal, Another Thing to Be Subject to Death. Chapter 4 [IV.] - Even Bodily Death is from Sin. Chapter 5 [V.] - The Words, Mortale (Capable of Dying), Mortuum (Dead), and Moriturus (Destined to Die). Chapter 6 [VI.] - How It is that the Body Dead Because of Sin. Chapter 7 [VII.] - The Life of the Body the Object of Hope, the Life of the Spirit Being a Prelude to It. Chapter 8 [VIII.] - Bodily Death from Adam’s Sin. Chapter 9 [IX.] - Sin Passes on to All Men by Natural Descent, and Not Merely by Imitation. Chapter 10. - The Analogy of Grace. Chapter 11 [X.] - Distinction Between Actual and Original Sin. Chapter 12. - The Law Could Not Take Away Sin. Chapter 13 [XI.] - Meaning of the Apostle’s Phrase The Reign of Death. Chapter 14. - Superabundance of Grace. Chapter 15 [XII.] - The One Sin Common to All Men. Chapter 16 [XIII.] - How Death is by One and Life by One. Chapter 17. - Whom Sinners Imitate. Chapter 18. - Only Christ Justifies. Chapter 19 [XV.] - Sin is from Natural Descent, as Righteousness is from Regeneration; How All Are Sinners Through Adam, and All Are Just Through Christ. Chapter 20. - Original Sin Alone is Contracted by Natural Birth. Chapter 21 [XVI.] - Unbaptized Infants Damned, But Most Lightly; The Penalty of Adam’s Sin, the Grace of His Body Lost. Chapter 22 [XVII.] - To Infants Personal Sin is Not to Be Attributed. Chapter 23 [XVIII.] - He Refutes Those Who Allege that Infants are Baptized Not for the Remission of Sins, But for the Obtaining of the Kingdom of Heaven. Chapter 24 [XIX.] - Infants Saved as Sinners. Chapter 25. - Infants are Described as Believers and as Penitents. Sins Alone Separate Between God and Men. Chapter 26 [XX.] - No One, Except He Be Baptized, Rightly Comes to the Table of the Lord. Chapter 27. - Infants Must Feed on Christ. Chapter 28. - Baptized Infants, of the Faithful; Unbaptized, of the Lost. Chapter 29 [XXI.] - It is an Inscrutable Mystery Why Some are Saved, and Others Not. Chapter 30. - Why One is Baptized and Another Not, Not Otherwise Inscrutable. Chapter 31 [XXII.] - He Refutes Those Who Suppose that Souls, on Account of Sins Committed in Another State, are Thrust into Bodies Suited to Their Merits, in Which They are More or Less Tormented. Chapter 32. - The Case of Certain Idiots and Simpletons. Chapter 33. - Christ is the Saviour and Redeemer Even of Infants. Chapter 34 [XXIV.] - Baptism is Called Salvation, and the Eucharist, Life, by the Christians of Carthage. Chapter 35. - Unless Infants are Baptized, They Remain in Darkness. Chapter 36. - Infants Not Enlightened as Soon as They are Born. Chapter 37. - How God Enlightens Every Person. Chapter 38. - What Lights Means. Chapter 39 [XXVI.] - The Conclusion Drawn, that All are Involved in Original Sin. Chapter 40 [XXVII.] - A Collection of Scripture Testimonies. From the Gospels. Chapter 41. - From the First Epistle of Peter. Chapter 42. - From the First Epistle of John. Chapter 43. - From the Epistle to the Romans. Chapter 44. - From the Epistles to the Corinthians. Chapter 45. - From the Epistle to the Galatians. Chapter 46. - From the Epistle to the Ephesians. Chapter 47. - From the Epistle to the Colossians. Chapter 48. - From the Epistles to Timothy. Chapter 49. - From the Epistle to Titus. Chapter 50. - From the Epistle to the Hebrews. Chapter 51. - From the Apocalypse. Chapter 52. - From the Acts of the Apostles. Chapter 53. - The Utility of the Books of the Old Testament. Chapter 54. - By the Sacrifices of the Old Testament, Men Were Convinced of Sins and Led to the Saviour. Chapter 55 [XXVIII.] - He Concludes that All Men Need the Death of Christ, that They May Be Saved. Unbaptized Infants Will Be Involved in the Condemnation of the Devil. How All Men Through Adam are Unto Condemnation; And Through Christ Unto Justification. No One is Reconciled with God, Except Through Christ. Chapter 56. - No One is Reconciled to God Except Through Christ. Chapter 57 [XXIX.] - The Good of Marriage; Four Different Cases of the Good and the Evil Use of Matrimony. Chapter 58 [XXX.] - In What Respect the Pelagians Regarded Baptism as Necessary for Infants. Chapter 59. - The Context of Their Chief Text. Chapter 60 [XXXI.] - Christ, the Head and the Body; Owing to the Union of the Natures in the Person of Christ, He Both Remained in Heaven, and Walked About on Earth; How the One Christ Could Ascend to Heaven; The Head, and the Body, the One Christ. Chapter 61 [XXXII.] - The Serpent Lifted Up in the Wilderness Prefigured Christ Suspended on the Cross; Even Infants Themselves Poisoned by the Serpent’s Bite. Chapter 62 [XXXIII.] - No One Can Be Reconciled to God, Except by Christ. Chapter 63 [XXXIV.] - The Form, or Rite, of Baptism. Exorcism. Chapter 64. - A Twofold Mistake Respecting Infants. Chapter 65 [XXXV.] - In Infants There is No Sin of Their Own Commission. Chapter 66. - Infants’ Faults Spring from Their Sheer Ignorance. Chapter 67 [XXXVI.] - On the Ignorance of Infants, and Whence It Arises. Chapter 68 [XXXVII.] - If Adam Was Not Created of Such a Character as that in Which We are Born, How is It that Christ, Although Free from Sin, Was Born an Infant and in Weakness? Chapter 69 [XXXVIII.] - The Ignorance and the Infirmity of an Infant. Chapter 70 [XXXIX.] - How Far Sin is Done Away in Infants by Baptism, Also in Adults, and What Advantage Results Therefrom. BOOK 2 Chapter 1 [I.] - What Has Thus Far Been Dwelt On; And What is to Be Treated in This Book. Chapter 2 [II.] - Some Persons Attribute Too Much to the Freedom of Man’s Will; Ignorance and Infirmity. Chapter 3 [III.] - In What Way God Commands Nothing Impossible. Works of Mercy, Means of Wiping Out Sins. Chapter 4 [IV.] - Concupiscence, How Far in Us; The Baptized are Not Injured by Concupiscence, But Only by Consent Therewith. Chapter 5 [V.] - The Will of Man Requires the Help of God. Chapter 6. - Wherein the Pharisee Sinned When He Thanked God; To God’s Grace Must Be Added the Exertion of Our Own Will. Chapter 7 [VI.] - Four Questions on the Perfection of Righteousness: (1.) Whether a Man Can Be Without Sin in This Life. Chapter 8 [VII.] - (2) Whether There is in This World a Man Without Sin. Chapter 9. - The Beginning of Renewal; Resurrection Called Regeneration; They are the Sons of God Who Lead Lives Suitable to Newness of Life. Chapter 10 [VIII.] - Perfection, When to Be Realized. Chapter 11 [IX.] - An Objection of the Pelagians: Why Does Not a Righteous Man Beget a Righteous Man? Chapter 12 [X.] - He Reconciles Some Passages of Scripture. Chapter 13. - A Subterfuge of the Pelagians. Chapter 14. - Job Was Not Without Sin. Chapter 15. - Carnal Generation Condemned on Account of Original Sin. Chapter 16 - Job Foresaw that Christ Would Come to Suffer; The Way of Humility in Those that are Perfect. Chapter 17 [XII.] - No One Righteous in All Things. Chapter 18 [XIII.] - Perfect Human Righteousness is Imperfect. Chapter 19. - Zacharias and Elisabeth, Sinners. Chapter 20. - Paul Worthy to Be the Prince of the Apostles, and Yet a Sinner. Chapter 21 [XIV.] - All Righteous Men Sinners. Chapter 22 [XV.] - An Objection of the Pelagians; Perfection is Relative; He is Rightly Said to Be Perfect in Righteousness Who Has Made Much Progress Therein. Chapter 23 [XXI.] - Why God Prescribes What He Knows Cannot Be Observed. Chapter 24. - An Objection of the Pelagians. The Apostle Paul Was Not Free From Sin So Long as He Lived. Chapter 25. - God Punishes Both in Wrath and in Mercy. Chapter 26 [XVII.] - (3) Why No One in This Life is Without Sin. Chapter 27. - The Divine Remedy for Pride. Chapter 28 [XVIII.] - A Good Will Comes from God. Chapter 29. - A Subterfuge of the Pelagians. Chapter 30. - All Will is Either Good, and Then It Loves Righteousness, or Evil, When It Does Not Love Righteousness. Chapter 31. - Grace is Given to Some Men in Mercy; Is Withheld from Others in Justice and Truth. Chapter 32. - God’s Sovereignity in His Grace. Chapter 33. - Through Grace We Have Both the Knowledge of Good, and the Delight Which It Affords. Chapter 34 [XX.] - (4) That No Man, with the Exception of Christ, Has Ever Lived, or Can Live Without Sin. Chapter 35 [XXI.] - Adam and Eve; Obedience Most Strongly Enjoined by God on Man. Chapter 36 [XXII.] - Man’s State Before the Fall. Chapter 37 [XXIII.] - The Corruption of Nature is by Sin, Its Renovation is by Christ. Chapter 38 [XXIV.] - What Benefit Has Been Conferred on Us by the Incarnation of the Word; Christ’s Birth in the Flesh, Wherein It is Like and Wherein Unlike Our Own Birth. Chapter 39 [XXV.] - An Objection of Pelagians. Chapter 40. - An Argument Anticipated. Chapter 41. - Children of Believers are Called Clean By the Apostle. Chapter 42. - Sanctification Manifold; Sacrament of Catechumens. Chapter 43 [XXVII.] - Why the Children of the Baptized Should Be Baptized. Chapter 44. - An Objection of the Pelagians. Chapter 45 [XXVIII.] - The Law of Sin is Called Sin; How Concupiscence Still Remains After Its Evil Has Been Removed in the Baptized. Chapter 46. - Guilt May Be Taken Away But Concupiscence Remain. Chapter 47 [XXIX.] - All the Predestinated are Saved Through the One Mediator Christ, and by One and the Same Faith. Chapter 48. - Christ the Saviour Even of Infants; Christ, When an Infant, Was Free from Ignorance and Mental Weakness. Chapter 49 [XXX.] - An Objection of the Pelagians. Chapter 50 [XXXI.] - Why It is that Death Itself is Not Abolished, Along with Sin, by Baptism. Chapter 51. - Why the Devil is Said to Hold the Power and Dominion of Death. Chapter 52 [XXXII.] - Why Christ, After His Resurrection, Withdrew His Presence from the World. Chapter 53 [XXXIII.] - An Objection of the Pelagians. Chapter 54 [XXXIV.] - Why Punishment is Still Inflicted, After Sin Has Been Forgiven. Chapter 55. - To Recover the Righteousness Which Had Been Lost by Sin, Man Has to Struggle, with Abundant Labour and Sorrow. Chapter 56. - The Case of David, in Illustration. Chapter 57 [XXXV.] - Turn to Neither Hand. Chapter 58 [XXXVI.] - Likeness of Sinful Flesh Implies the Reality. Chapter 59. - Whether the Soul is Propagated; On Obscure Points, Concerning Which the Scriptures Give Us No Assistance, We Must Be on Our Guard Against Forming Hasty Judgments and Opinions; The Scriptures are Clear Enough on Those Subjects Which are Necessary to Salvation. BOOK 3 Chapter 1 [I.] - Pelagius Esteemed a Holy Man; His Expositions on Saint Paul. Chapter 2 [II.] - Pelagius’ Objection; Infants Reckoned Among the Number of Believers and the Faithful. Chapter 3. - Pelagius Makes God Unjust. Chapter 4. Chapter 5 [III.] - Pelagius Praised by Some; Arguments Against Original Sin Proposed by Pelagius in His Commentary. Chapter 6. - Why Pelagius Does Not Speak in His Own Person. Chapter 7 [IV.] - Proof of Original Sin in Infants. Chapter 8. - Jesus is the Saviour Even of Infants. Chapter 9. - The Ambiguity of Adam is the Figure of Him to Come. Chapter 10 [V.] - He Shows that Cyprian Had Not Doubted the Original Sin of Infants. Chapter 11. - The Ancients Assumed Original Sin. Chapter 12 [VI.] - The Universal Consensus Respecting Original Sin. Chapter 13 [VII.] - The Error of Jovinianus Did Not Extend So Far. Chapter 14. - The Opinions of All Controversialists Whatever are Not, However, Canonical Authority; Original Sin, How Another’s; We Were All One Man in Adam. Chapter 15 [VIII.] - We All Sinned Adam’s Sin. Chapter 16. - Origin of Errors; A Simile Sought from the Foreskin of the Circumcised, and from the Chaff of Wheat. Chapter 17 [IX.] - Christians Do Not Always Beget Christian, Nor the Pure, Pure Children. Chapter 18 [X.] - Is the Soul Derived by Natural Propagation? Chapter 19 [XI.] - Sin and Death in Adam, Righteousness and Life in Christ. Chapter 20. - The Sting of Death, What? Chapter 21 [XII.] - The Precept About Touching the Menstruous Woman Not to Be Figuratively Understood; The Necessity of the Sacraments. Chapter 22 [XIII.] - We Ought to Be Anxious to Secure the Baptism of Infants. Chapter 23. - Epilogue.

ON THE SPIRIT AND THE LETTER (De spiritu et littera)

CONTENTS Preface Chapter 1 [I.] - The Occasion of Writing This Work; A Thing May Be Capable of Being Done, and Yet May Never Be Done. Chapter 2 [II.] - The Examples Apposite. Chapter 3. - Theirs is Comparatively a Harmless Error, Who Say that a Man Lives Here Without Sin. Chapter 4. - Theirs is a Much More Serious Error, Requiring a Very Vigorous Refutation, Who Deny God’s Grace to Be Necessary. Chapter 5 [III.] - True Grace is the Gift of the Holy Ghost, Which Kindles in the Soul the Joy and Love of Goodness. Chapter 6 [IV.] - The Teaching of Law Without the Life-Giving Spirit is “The Letter that Killeth.” Chapter 7 [V.] - What is Proposed to Be Here Treated. Chapter 8. - Romans Interprets Corinthians. Chapter 9 [VI]. - Through the Law Sin Has Abounded. Chapter 10. - Christ the True Healer. Chapter 11 [VII.] - From What Fountain Good Works Flow. Chapter 12. - Paul, Whence So Called; Bravely Contends for Grace. Chapter 13 [VIII.] - Keeping the Law; The Jews’ Glorying; The Fear of Punishment; The Circumcision of the Heart. Chapter 14. - In What Respect the Pelagians Acknowledge God as the Author of Our Justification. Chapter 15 [IX.] - The Righteousness of God Manifested by the Law and the Prophets. Chapter 16 [X.] - How the Law Was Not Made for a Righteous Man. Chapter 17. - The Exclusion of Boasting. Chapter 18 [XI.] - Piety is Wisdom; That is Called the Righteousness of God, Which He Produces. Chapter 19 [XII] - The Knowledge of God Through the Creation. Chapter 20. - The Law Without Grace. Chapter 21 [XIII.] - The Law of Works and the Law of Faith. Chapter 22. - No Man Justified by Works. Chapter 23 [XIV.] - How the Decalogue Kills, If Grace Be Not Present. Chapter 24. - The Passage in Corinthians. Chapter 25. - The Passage in Romans. Chapter 26. - No Fruit Good Except It Grow from the Root of Love. Chapter 27 [XV.] - Grace, Concealed in the Old Testament, is Revealed in the New. Chapter 28 [XVI] - Why the Holy Ghost is Called the Finger of God. Chapter 29 [XVII.] - A Comparison of the Law of Moses and of the New Law. Chapter 30. - The New Law Written Within. Chapter 31 [XVIII.] - The Old Law Ministers Death; The New, Righteousness. Chapter 32 [XIX.] - The Christian Faith Touching the Assistance of Grace. Chapter 33. - The Prophecy of Jeremiah Concerning the New Testament. Chapter 34. - The Law; Grace. Chapter 35 [XX.] - The Old Law; The New Law. Chapter 36 [XXI.] - The Law Written in Our Hearts. Chapter 37 [XXII.] - The Eternal Reward. Chapter 38 [XXIII.] - The Re-Formation Which is Now Being Effected, Compared with the Perfection of the Life to Come. Chapter 39 [XXIV] - The Eternal Reward Which is Specially Declared in the New Testament, Foretold by the Prophet. Chapter 40. - How that is to Be the Reward of All; The Apostle Earnestly Defends Grace. Chapter 41. - The Law Written in the Heart, and the Reward of the Eternal Contemplation of God, Belong to the New Covenant; Who Among the Saints are the Least and the Greatest. Chapter 42 [XXV.] - Difference Between the Old and the New Testaments. Chapter 43 [XXVI.] - A Question Touching the Passage in the Apostle About the Gentiles Who are Said to Do by Nature the Law’s Commands, Which They are Also Said to Have Written on Their Hearts. Chapter 44. - The Answer Is, that the Passage Must Be Understood of the Faithful of the New Covenant. Chapter 45. - It is Not by Their Works, But by Grace, that the Doers of the Law are Justified; God’s Saints and God’s Name Hallowed in Different Senses. Chapter 46. - How the Passage of the Law Agrees with that of the Prophet. Chapter 47 [XXVII.] - The Law “Being Done by Nature” Means, Done by Nature as Restored by Grace. Chapter 48. - The Image of God is Not Wholly Blotted Out in These Unbelievers; Venial Sins. Chapter 49. - The Grace Promised by the Prophet for the New Covenant. Chapter 50 [XXIX.] - Righteousness is the Gift of God. Chapter 51. - Faith the Ground of All Righteousness. Chapter 52 [XXX.] - Grace Establishes Free Will. Chapter 53 [XXXI.] - Volition and Ability. Chapter 54. - Whether Faith Be in a Man’s Own Power. Chapter 55 [XXXII.] - What Faith is Laudable. Chapter 56. - The Faith of Those Who are Under the Law Different from the Faith of Others. Chapter 57 [XXXIII.] - Whence Comes the Will to Believe? Chapter 58. - The Free Will of Man is an Intermediate Power. Chapter 59. - Mercy and Pity in the Judgment of God. Chapter 60 [XXXIV.] - The Will to Believe is from God. Chapter 61 [XXXV.] - Conclusion of the Work. Chapter 62. - He Returns to the Question Which Marcellinus Had Proposed to Him. Chapter 63. - An Objection. Chapter 64 [XXXVI.] - When the Commandment to Love is Fulfilled. Chapter 65. - In What Sense a Sinless Righteousness in This Life Can Be Asserted. Chapter 66. - Although Perfect Righteousness Be Not Found Here on Earth, It is Still Not Impossible.

ON NATURE AND GRACE (De natura et gratia)

CONTENTS Preface Chapter 1 [I.] - The Occasion of Publishing This Work; What God’s Righteousness is. Chapter 2 [II.] - Faith in Christ Not Necessary to Salvation, If a Man Without It Can Lead a Righteous Life. Chapter 3 [III.] - Nature Was Created Sound and Whole; It Was Afterwards Corrupted by Sin. Chapter 4 [IV.] - Free Grace. Chapter 5 [V.] - It Was a Matter of Justice that All Should Be Condemned. Chapter 6 [VI.] - The Pelagians Have Very Strong and Active Minds. Chapter 7 [VII.] - He Proceeds to Confute the Work of Pelagius; He Refrains as Yet from Mentioning Pelagius’ Name. Chapter 8. - A Distinction Drawn by Pelagius Between the Possible and Actual. Chapter 9 [VIII.] - Even They Who Were Not Able to Be Justified are Condemned. Chapter 10 [IX.] - He Could Not Be Justified, Who Had Not Heard of the Name of Christ; Rendering the Cross of Christ of None Effect. Chapter 11 [X.] - Grace Subtly Acknowledged by Pelagius. Chapter 12 [XI.] - In Our Discussions About Grace, We Do Not Speak of that Which Relates to the Constitution of Our Nature, But to Its Restoration. Chapter 13 [XII.] - The Scope and Purpose of the Law’s Threatenings; “Perfect Wayfarers.” Chapter 14 [XIII.] - Refutation of Pelagius. Chapter 15 [XIV.] - Not Everything [of Doctrinal Truth] is Written in Scripture in So Many Words. Chapter 16 [XV.] - Pelagius Corrupts a Passage of the Apostle James by Adding a Note of Interrogation. Chapter 17 [XVI.] - Explanation of This Text Continued. Chapter 18 [XVII.] - Who May Be Said to Be in the Flesh. Chapter 19. - Sins of Ignorance; To Whom Wisdom is Given by God on Their Requesting It. Chapter 20 [XVIII.] - What Prayer Pelagius Would Admit to Be Necessary. Chapter 21 [XIX.] - Pelagius Denies that Human Nature Has Been Depraved or Corrupted by Sin. Chapter 22 [XX.] - How Our Nature Could Be Vitiated by Sin, Even Though It Be Not a Substance. Chapter 23 [XXI.] - Adam Delivered by the Mercy of Christ. Chapter 24 [XXII.] - Sin and the Penalty of Sin the Same. Chapter 25 [XXIII.] - God Forsakes Only Those Who Deserve to Be Forsaken. We are Sufficient of Ourselves to Commit Sin; But Not to Return to the Way of Righteousness. Death is the Punishment, Not the Cause of Sin. Chapter 26 [XXIV.] - Christ Died of His Own Power and Choice. Chapter 27. - Even Evils, Through God’s Mercy, are of Use. Chapter 28 [XXV.] - The Disposition of Nearly All Who Go Astray. With Some Heretics Our Business Ought Not to Be Disputation, But Prayer. Chapter 29 [XXVI.] - A Simile to Show that God’s Grace is Necessary for Doing Any Good Work Whatever. God Never Forsakes the Justified Man If He Be Not Himself Forsaken. Chapter 30 [XXVII.] - Sin is Removed by Sin. Chapter 31. - The Order and Process of Healing Our Heavenly Physician Does Not Adopt from the Sick Patient, But Derives from Himself. What Cause the Righteous Have for Fearing. Chapter 32 [XXVIII.] - God Forsakes Us to Some Extent that We May Not Grow Proud. Chapter 33 [XXIX.] - Not Every Sin is Pride. How Pride is the Commencement of Every Sin. Chapter 34 [XXX.] - A Man’s Sin is His Own, But He Needs Grace for His Cure. Chapter 35 [XXXI.] - Why God Does Not Immediately Cure Pride Itself. The Secret and Insidious Growth of Pride. Preventing and Subsequent Grace. Chapter 36 [XXXII.] - Pride Even in Such Things as are Done Aright Must Be Avoided. Free Will is Not Taken Away When Grace is Preached. Chapter 37 [XXXIII.] - Being Wholly Without Sin Does Not Put Man on an Equality with God. Chapter 38 [XXXIV.] - We Must Not Lie, Even for the Sake of Moderation. The Praise of Humility Must Not Be Placed to the Account of Falsehood. Chapter 39. - Pelagius Glorifies God as Creator at the Expense of God as Saviour. Chapter 40 [XXXV.] - Why There is a Record in Scripture of Certain Men’s Sins, Recklessness in Sin Accounts It to Be So Much Loss Whenever It Falls Short in Gratifying Lust. Chapter 41. - Whether Holy Men Have Died Without Sin. Chapter 42 [XXXVI.] - The Blessed Virgin Mary May Have Lived Without Sin. None of the Saints Besides Her Without Sin. Chapter 43 [XXXVII.] - Why Scripture Has Not Mentioned the Sins of All. Chapter 44. - Pelagius Argues that Abel Was Sinless. Chapter 45 [XXXVIII.] - Why Cain Has Been by Some Thought to Have Had Children by His Mother Eve. The Sins of Righteous Men. Who Can Be Both Righteous, and Yet Not Without Sin. Chapter 46 [XXXIX.] - Shall We Follow Scripture, or Add to Its Declarations? Chapter 47 [XL.] - For What Pelagius Thought that Christ is Necessary to Us. Chapter 48 [XLI.] - How the Term “All” Is to Be Understood. Chapter 49 [XLII.] - A Man Can Be Sinless, But Only by the Help of Grace. In the Saints This Possibility Advances and Keeps Pace with the Realization. Chapter 50 [XLIII.] - God Commands No Impossibilities. Chapter 51 [XLIV.] - State of the Question Between the Pelagians and the Catholics. Holy Men of Old Saved by the Self-Same Faith in Christ Which We Exercise. Chapter 52. - The Whole Discussion is About Grace. Chapter 53 [XLV.] - Pelagius Distinguishes Between a Power and Its Use. Chapter 54 [XLVI.] - There is No Incompatibility Between Necessity and Free Will. Chapter 55 [XLVII.] - The Same Continued. Chapter 56 [XLVIII.] - The Assistance of Grace in a Perfect Nature. Chapter 57 [XLIX.] - It Does Not Detract from God’s Almighty Power, that He is Incapable of Either Sinning, or Dying, or Destroying Himself. Chapter 58 [L.] - Even Pious and God-Fearing Men Resist Grace. Chapter 59 [LI.] - In What Sense Pelagius Attributed to God’s Grace the Capacity of Not Sinning. Chapter 60 [LII.] - Pelagius Admits “Contrary Flesh” In the Unbaptized. Chapter 61 [LIII.] - Paul Asserts that the Flesh is Contrary Even in the Baptized. Chapter 62. - Concerning What Grace of God is Here Under Discussion. The Ungodly Man, When Dying, is Not Delivered from Concupiscence. Chapter 63 [LIV.] - Does God Create Contraries? Chapter 64. - Pelagius’ Admission as Regards the Unbaptized, Fatal. Chapter 65 [LV.]- “This Body of Death,” So Called from Its Defect, Not from Its Substance. Chapter 66. - The Works, Not the Substance, of the “Flesh” Opposed to the “Spirit.” Chapter 67 [LVII.] - Who May Be Said to Be Under the Law. Chapter 68 [LVIII.] - Despite the Devil, Man May, by God’s Help, Be Perfected. Chapter 69 [LIX.] - Pelagius Puts Nature in the Place of Grace. Chapter 70 [LX.] - Whether Any Man is Without Sin in This Life. Chapter 71 [LXI.] - Augustin Replies Against the Quotations Which Pelagius Had Advanced Out of the Catholic Writers. Lactantius. Chapter 72 [LXI.] - Hilary. The Pure in Heart Blessed. The Doing and Perfecting of Righteousness. Chapter 73. - He Meets Pelagius with Another Passage from Hilary. Chapter 74 [LXIII.] - Ambrose. Chapter 75. - Augustin Adduces in Reply Some Other Passages of Ambrose. Chapter 76 [LXIV.] - John of Constantinople. Chapter 77. - Xystus. Chapter 78 [LXV.] - Jerome. Chapter 79 [LXVI.] - A Certain Necessity of Sinning. Chapter 80 [LXVII.] - Augustin Himself. Two Methods Whereby Sins, Like Diseases, are Guarded Against. Chapter 81. - Augustin Quotes Himself on Free Will. Chapter 82 [LXVIII.] - How to Exhort Men to Faith, Repentance, and Advancement. Chapter 83 [LXIX.] - God Enjoins No Impossibility, Because All Things are Possible and Easy to Love. Chapter 84 [LXX.] - The Degrees of Love are Also Degrees of Holiness.

ON MAN’S PERFECTION IN RIGHTEOUSNESS (De perfectione iustitiae hominis)

CONTENTS Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21

ON THE PROCEEDINGS OF PELAGIUS (De gestis Pelagii)

ON THE GRACE OF CHRIST, AND ON ORIGINAL SIN (De gratia Christi et de peccato originali)

CONTENTS BOOK I Chapter 1 [I.] - Introductory. Chapter 2 [II.] - Suspicious Character of Pelagius’ Confession as to the Necessity of Grace for Every Single Act of Ours. Chapter 3 [III.] - Grace According to the Pelagians. Chapter 4. - Pelagius’ System of Faculties. Chapter 5 [IV.] - Pelagius’ Own Account of the Faculties, Quoted. Chapter 6 [V.] - Pelagius and Paul of Different Opinions. Chapter 7 [VI.] - Pelagius Posits God’s Aid Only for Our Capacity. Chapter 8. - Grace, According to the Pelagians, Consists in the Internal and Manifold Illumination of the Mind. Chapter 9 [VIII.] - The Law One Thing, Grace Another. The Utility of the Law. Chapter 10 [IX.] - What Purpose the Law Subserves. Chapter 11 [X.] - Pelagius’ Definition of How God Helps Us: He Promises Us Future Glory. Chapter 12 [XI.] - The Same Continued: He Reveals Wisdom. Chapter 13 [XII.] - Grace Causes Us to Do. Chapter 14 [XII.] - The Righteousness Which is of God, and the Righteousness Which is of the Law. Chapter 15 [XIV.] - He Who Has Been Taught by Grace Actually Comes to Christ. Chapter 16 [XV.] - We Need Divine Aid in the Use of Our Powers. Illustration from Sight. Chapter 17 [XVI.] - Does Pelagius Designedly Refrain from Openly Saying that All Good Action is from God? Chapter 18 [XVII.] - He Discovers the Reason of Pelagius’ Hesitation So to Say. Chapter 19 [XVIII.] - The Two Roots of Action, Love and Cupidity; And Each Brings Forth Its Own Fruit. Chapter 20 [XIX.] - How a Man Makes a Good or a Bad Tree. Chapter 21 [XX.] - Love the Root of All Good Things; Cupidity, of All Evil Ones. Chapter 22 [XXI.] - Love is a Good Will. Chapter 23 [XXII.] - Pelagius’ Double Dealing Concerning the Ground of the Conferrence of Grace. Chapter 24. - Pelagius Places Free Will at the Basis of All Turning to God for Grace. Chapter 25 [XXIV.] - God by His Wonderful Power Works in Our Hearts Good Dispositions of Our Will. Chapter 26 [XXV.] - The Pelagian Grace of Capacity Exploded. The Scripture Teaches the Need of God’s Help in Doing, Speaking, and Thinking, Alike. Chapter 27 [XXVI.] - What True Grace Is, and Wherefore Given. Merits Do Not Precede Grace. Chapter 28 [XXVII.] - Pelagius Teaches that Satan May Be Resisted Without the Help of the Grace of God. Chapter 29 [XXVIII.] - When He Speaks of God’s Help, He Means It Only to Help Us Do What Without It We Still Could Do. Chapter 30 [XXIX.] - What Pelagius Thinks is Needful for Ease of Performance is Really Necessary for the Performance. Chapter 31 [XXX.] - Pelagius and Cœlestius Nowhere Really Acknowledge Grace. Chapter 32. - Why the Pelagians Deemed Prayers to Be Necessary. The Letter Which Pelagius Dispatched to Pope Innocent with an Exposition of His Belief. Chapter 33 [XXXI.] - Pelagius Professes Nothing on the Subject of Grace Which May Not Be Understood of the Law and Teaching. Chapter 34. - Pelagius Says that Grace is Given According to Men’s Merits. The Beginning, However, of Merit is Faith; And This is a Gratuitous Gift, Not a Recompense for Our Merits. Chapter 35 [XXXII.] - Pelagius Believes that Infants Have No Sin to Be Remitted in Baptism. Chapter 36 [XXXIII.] - Cœlestius Openly Declares Infants to Have No Original Sin. Chapter 37 [XXXIV.] - Pelagius Nowhere Admits the Need of Divine Help for Will and Action. Chapter 38 [XXXV.] - A Definition of the Grace of Christ by Pelagius. Chapter 39 [XXXVI] - A Letter of Pelagius Unknown to Augustine. Chapter 40 [XXXVII] - The Help of Grace Placed by Pelagius in the Mere Revelation of Teaching. Chapter 41. - Restoration of Nature Understood by Pelagius as Forgiveness of Sins. Chapter 42 [XXXVIII.] - Grace Placed by Pelagius in the Remission of Sins and the Example of Christ. Chapter 43 [XXXIX.] - The Forgiveness of Sins and Example of Christ Held by Pelagius Enough to Save the Most Hardened Sinner. Chapter 44 [XL.] - Pelagius Once More Guards Himself Against the Necessity of Grace. Chapter 45 [XLI.] - To What Purpose Pelagius Thought Prayers Ought to Be Offered. Chapter 46 [XLII] - Pelagius Professes to Respect the Catholic Authors. Chapter 47 [XLIII.] - Ambrose Most Highly Praised by Pelagius. Chapter 48 [XLIV]. - Ambrose is Not in Agreement with Pelagius. Chapter 49 [XLV.] - Ambrose Teaches with What Eye Christ Turned and Looked Upon Peter. Chapter 50. - Ambrose Teaches that All Men Need God’s Help. Chapter 51 [XLVI.] - Ambrose Teaches that It is God that Does for Man What Pelagius Attributes to Free Will. Chapter 52 [XLVII.] - If Pelagius Agrees with Ambrose, Augustine Has No Controversy with Him. Chapter 53 [XLVIII.] - In What Sense Some Men May Be Said to Live Without Sin in the Present Life. Chapter 54 [XLIX.] - Ambrose Teaches that No One is Sinless in This World. Chapter 55 [L.] - Ambrose Witnesses that Perfect Purity is Impossible to Human Nature. BOOK II Chapter 1 [I.] - Caution Needed in Attending to Pelagius’ Deliverances on Infant Baptism. Chapter 2 [II.] - Cœlestius, on His Trial at Carthage, Refuses to Condemn His Error; The Written Statement Which He Gave to Zosimus. Chapter 3 [III.] - Part of the Proceedings of the Council of Carthage Against Cœlestius. Chapter 4. - Cœlestius Concedes Baptism for Infants, Without Affirming Original Sin. Chapter 5 [V.] - Cœlestius’ Book Which Was Produced in the Proceedings at Rome. Chapter 6 [VI.] - Cœlestius the Disciple is In This Work Bolder Than His Master. Chapter 7. - Pope Zosimus Kindly Excuses Him. Chapter 8 [VII.] - Cœlestius Condemned by Zosimus. Chapter 9 [VIII.] - Pelagius Deceived the Council in Palestine, But Was Unable to Deceive the Church at Rome. Chapter 10 [IX.] - The Judgment of Innocent Respecting the Proceedings in Palestine. Chapter 11 [X.] - How that Pelagius Deceived the Synod of Palestine. Chapter 12 [XI.] - A Portion of the Proceedings of the Synod of Palestine in the Cause of Pelagius. Chapter 13 [XII.] - Cœlestius the Bolder Heretic; Pelagius the More Subtle. Chapter 14 [XIII.] - He Shows That, Even After the Synod of Palestine, Pelagius Held the Same Opinions as Cœlestius on the Subject of Original Sin. Chapter 15 [XIV.] - Pelagius by His Mendacity and Deception Stole His Acquittal from the Synod in Palestine. Chapter 16 [XV.] - Pelagius’ Fraudulent and Crafty Excuses. Chapter 17. - How Pelagius Deceived His Judges. Chapter 18 [XVII.] - The Condemnation of Pelagius. Chapter 19. - Pelagius’ Attempt to Deceive the Apostolic See; He Inverts the Bearings of the Controversy. Chapter 20. - Pelagius Provides a Refuge for His Falsehood in Ambiguous Subterfuges. Chapter 21 [XIX.] - Pelagius Avoids the Question as to Why Baptism is Necessary for Infants. Chapter 22 [XX.] - Another Instance of Pelagius’ Ambiguity. Chapter 23 [XXI.] - What He Means by Our Birth to an Uncertain Life. Chapter 24. - Pelagius’ Long Residence at Rome. Chapter 25 [XXII.] - The Condemnation of Pelagius and Cœlestius. Chapter 26 [XXIII.] - The Pelagians Maintain that Raising Questions About Original Sin Does Not Endanger the Faith. Chapter 27 [XXIII.] - On Questions Outside the Faith - What They Are, and Instances of the Same. Chapter 28 [XXIV.] - The Heresy of Pelagius and Cœlestius Aims at the Very Foundations of Our Faith. Chapter 29. - The Righteous Men Who Lived in the Time of the Law Were for All that Not Under the Law, But Under Grace. The Grace of the New Testament Hidden Under the Old. Chapter 30 [XXVI] - Pelagius and Cœlestius Deny that the Ancient Saints Were Saved by Christ. Chapter 31. - Christ’s Incarnation Was of Avail to the Fathers, Even Though It Had Not Yet Happened. Chapter 32 [XXVII.] - He Shows by the Example of Abraham that the Ancient Saints Believed in the Incarnation of Christ. Chapter 33 [XVIII.] - How Christ is Our Mediator. Chapter 34 [XXIX.] - No Man Ever Saved Save by Christ. Chapter 35 [XXX.] - Why the Circumcision of Infants Was Enjoined Under Pain of So Great a Punishment. Chapter 36 [XXXI] - The Platonists’ Opinion About the Existence of the Soul Previous to the Body Rejected. Chapter 37 [XXXII.] - In What Sense Christ is Called Sin. Chapter 38 [XXXIII.] - Original Sin Does Not Render Marriage Evil. Chapter 39 [XXXIV.] - Three Things Good and Laudable in Matrimony. Chapter 40 [XXXV.] - Marriage Existed Before Sin Was Committed. How God’s Blessing Operated in Our First Parents. Chapter 41 [XXXVI.] - Lust and Travail Come from Sin. Whence Our Members Became a Cause of Shame. Chapter 42 [XXXVII.] - The Evil of Lust Ought Not to Be Ascribed to Marriage. The Three Good Results of the Nuptial Ordinance: Offspring, Chastity, and the Sacramental Union. Chapter 43 [XXXVIII.] - Human Offspring, Even Previous to Birth, Under Condemnation at the Very Root. Uses of Matrimony Undertaken for Mere Pleasure Not Without Venial Fault. Chapter 44 [XXXIX.] - Even the Children of the Regenerate Born in Sin. The Effect of Baptism. Chapter 45. - Man’s Deliverance Suited to the Character of His Captivity. Chapter 46. - Difficulty of Believing Original Sin. Man’s Vice is a Beast’s Nature. Chapter 47 [XLI.] - Sentences from Ambrose in Favour of Original Sin. Chapter 48. - Pelagius Rightly Condemned and Really Opposed by Ambrose.

ON MARRIAGE AND CONCUPISCENCE (De nuptiis et concupiscientia)

CONTENTS Companion Letter BOOK I Chapter 1. - Concerning the Argument of This Treatise. Chapter 2. [II.] - Why This Treatise Was Addressed to Valerius. Chapter 3 [III.] - Conjugal Chastity the Gift of God. Chapter 4. - A Difficulty as Regards the Chastity of Unbelievers. None But a Believer is Truly a Chaste Man. Chapter 5 [IV.] - The Natural Good of Marriage. All Society Naturally Repudiates a Fraudulent Companion. What is True Conjugal Purity? No True Virginity and Chastity Except in Devotion to True Faith. Chapter 6 [V.] - The Censuring of Lust is Not a Condemnation of Marriage; Whence Comes Shame in the Human Body. Adam and Eve Were Not Created Blind; Meaning of Their Eyes Being Opened. Chapter 7 [VI.] - Man’s Disobedience Justly Requited in the Rebellion of His Own Flesh; The Blush of Shame for the Disobedient Members of the Body. Chapter 8 [VII.] - The Evil of Lust Does Not Take Away the Good of Marriage. Chapter 9 [VIII.] - This Disease of Concupiscence in Marriage is Not to Be a Matter of Will, But of Necessity; What Ought to Be the Will of Believers in the Use of Matrimony; Who is to Be Regarded as Using, and Not Succumbing To, the Evil of Concupiscence; How the Holy Fathers of the Old Testament Formerly Used Wives. Chapter 10 [IX.] - Why It Was Sometimes Permitted that a Man Should Have Several Wives, Yet No Woman Was Ever Allowed to Have More Than One Husband. Nature Prefers Singleness in Her Dominations. Chapter 11 [X.] - The Sacrament of Marriage; Marriage Indissoluble; The World’s Law About Divorce Different from the Gospel’s. Chapter 12 [XI.] - Marriage Does Not Cancel a Mutual Vow of Continence; There Was True Wedlock Between Mary and Joseph; In What Way Joseph Was the Father of Christ. Chapter 13. - In the Marriage of Mary and Joseph There Were All the Blessings of the Wedded State; All that is Born of Concubinage is Sinful Flesh. Chapter 14 [XIII.] - Before Christ It Was a Time for Marrying; Since Christ It Has Been a Time for Continence. Chapter 15. - The Teaching of the Apostle on This Subject. Chapter 16 [XIV.] - A Certain Degree of Intemperance is to Be Tolerated in the Case of Married Persons; The Use of Matrimony for the Mere Pleasure of Lust is Not Without Sin, But Because of the Nuptial Relation the Sin is Venial. Chapter 17 [XV.] - What is Sinless in the Use of Matrimony? What is Attended With Venial Sin, and What with Mortal? Chapter 18 [XVI.] - Continence Better Than Marriage; But Marriage Better Than Fornication. Chapter 19 [XVII.] - Blessing of Matrimony. Chapter 20 [XVIII] - Why Children of Wrath are Born of Holy Matrimony. Chapter 21 [XIX.] - Thus Sinners are Born of Righteous Parents, Even as Wild Olives Spring from the Olive. Chapter 22 [XX.] - Even Infants, When Unbaptized, are in the Power of the Devil; Exorcism in the Case of Infants, and Renunciation of the Devil. Chapter 23 [XXI.] - Sin Has Not Arisen Out of the Goodness of Marriage; The Sacrament of Matrimony a Great One in the Case of Christ and the Church - A Very Small One in the Case of a Man and His Wife. Chapter 24. - Lust and Shame Come from Sin; The Law of Sin; The Shamelessness of the Cynics. Chapter 25 [XXIII.] - Concupiscence in the Regenerate Without Consent is Not Sin; In What Sense Concupiscence is Called Sin. Chapter 26. - Whatever is Born Through Concupiscence is Not Undeservedly in Subjection to the Devil by Reason of Sin; The Devil Deserves Heavier Punishment Than Men. Chapter 27 [XXIV.] - Through Lust Original Sin is Transmitted; Venial Sins in Married Persons; Concupiscence of the Flesh, the Daughter and Mother of Sin. Chapter 28 [XXV.] - Concupiscence Remains After Baptism, Just as Languor Does After Recovery from Disease; Concupiscence is Diminished in Persons of Advancing Years, and Increased in the Incontinent. Chapter 29 [XXVI.] - How Concupiscence Remains in the Baptized in Act, When It Has Passed Away as to Its Guilt. Chapter 30 [XXVII.] - The Evil Desires of Concupiscence; We Ought to Wish that They May Not Be. Chapter 31 [XXVIII.] - Who is the Man that Can Say, It is No More I that Do It? Chapter 32. - When Good Will Be Perfectly Done. Chapter 33 [XXX.] - True Freedom Comes with Willing Delight in God’s Law. Chapter 34. - How Concupiscence Made a Captive of the Apostle; What the Law of Sin Was to the Apostle. Chapter 35 [XXXI.] - The Flesh, Carnal Affection. Chapter 36. - Even Now While We Still Have Concupiscence We May Be Safe in Christ. Chapter 37 [XXXII.] - The Law of Sin with Its Guilt in Unbaptized Infants. By Adam’s Sin the Human Race Has Become a Wild Olive Tree. Chapter 38 [XXXIII.] - To Baptism Must Be Referred All Remission of Sins, and the Complete Healing of the Resurrection. Daily Cleansing. Chapter 39 [XXXIV.] - By the Holiness of Baptism, Not Sins Only, But All Evils Whatsoever, Have to Be Removed. The Church is Not Yet Free from All Stain. Chapter 40 [XXXV.] - Refutation of the Pelagians by the Authority of St. Ambrose, Whom They Quote to Show that the Desire of the Flesh is a Natural Good. BOOK II Preliminary notes (1) From the Preface of Augustine’s Unfinished Work Against Julianus. (2) From Augustine’s Epistle to Claudius [CCVII.]. The book itself Chapter 1 [I.] - Introductory Statement. Chapter 2 [II.] - In This and the Four Next Chapters He Adduces the Garbled Extracts He Has to Consider. Chapter 3. - The Same Continued. Chapter 4. - The Same Continued. Chapter 5. - The Same Continued. Chapter 6. - The Same Continued. Chapter 7 [III.] Augustine Adduces a Passage Selected from the Preface of Julianus. (See The Unfinished Work, i. 73.) Chapter 8. - Augustine Refutes the Passage Adduced Above. Chapter 9. - The Catholics Maintain the Doctrine of Original Sin, and Thus are Far from Being Manicheans. Chapter 10 [IV.] - In What Manner the Adversary’s Cavils Must Be Refuted. Chapter 11. - The Devil the Author, Not of Nature, But Only of Sin. Chapter 12. - Eve’s Name Means Life, and is a Great Sacrament of the Church. Chapter 13. - The Pelagian Argument to Show that the Devil Has No Rights in the Fruits of Marriage. Chapter 14 [V.] - Concupiscence Alone, in Marriage, is Not of God. Chapter 15. - Man, by Birth, is Placed Under the Dominion of the Devil Through Sin; We Were All One in Adam When He Sinned. Chapter 16 [VI.] - It is Not of Us, But Our Sins, that the Devil is the Author. Chapter 17 [VII.] - The Pelagians are Not Ashamed to Eulogize Concupiscence, Although They are Ashamed to Mention Its Name. Chapter 18. - The Same Continued. Chapter 19 [VIII.] - The Pelagians Misunderstand Seed In Scripture. Chapter 20. - Original Sin is Derived from the Faulty Condition of Human Seed. Chapter 21 [IX.] - It is the Good God That Gives Fruitfulness, and the Devil That Corrupts the Fruit. Chapter 22. - Shall We Be Ashamed of What We Do, or of What God Does? Chapter 23 [X.] - The Pelagians Affirm that God in the Case of Abraham and Sarah Aroused Concupiscence as a Gift from Heaven. Chapter 24 [XI.] - What Covenant of God the New-Born Babe Breaks. What Was the Value of Circumcision. Chapter 25 [XII.] - Augustine Not the Deviser of Original Sin. Chapter 26 [XIII.] - The Child in No Sense Formed by Concupiscence. Chapter 27. - The Pelagians Argue that God Sometimes Closes the Womb in Anger, and Opens It When Appeased. Chapter 28 [XIV.] - Augustine’s Answer to This Argument. Its Dealing with Scripture. Chapter 29. - The Same Continued. Augustine Also Asserts that God Forms Man at Birth. Chapter 30 [XV.] - The Case of Abimelech and His House Examined. Chapter 31 [XVI.] - Why God Proceeds to Create Human Beings, Who He Knows Will Be Born in Sin. Chapter 32 [XVII.] - God Not the Author of the Evil in Those Whom He Creates. Chapter 33 [XVIII.] - Though God Makes Us, We Perish Unless He Re-makes Us in Christ. Chapter 34 [XIX.] - The Pelagians Argue that Cohabitation Rightly Used is a Good, and What is Born from It is Good. Chapter 35 [XX.] - He Answers the Arguments of Julianus. What is the Natural Use of the Woman? What is the Unnatural Use? Chapter 36 [XXI.] - God Made Nature Good: the Saviour Restores It When Corrupted. Chapter 37 [XXII.] - If There is No Marriage Without Cohabitation, So There is No Cohabitation Without Shame. Chapter 38 [XXIII.] - Jovinian Used Formerly to Call Catholics Manicheans; The Arians Also Used to Call Catholics Sabellians. Chapter 39 [XXIV.] - Man Born of Whatever Parentage is Sinful and Capable of Redemption. Chapter 40 [XXV.] - Augustine Declines the Dilemma Offered Him. Chapter 41 [XXVI.] - The Pelagians Argue that Original Sin Cannot Come Through Marriage If Marriage is Good. Chapter 42. - The Pelagians Try to Get Rid of Original Sin by Their Praise of God’s Works; Marriage, in Its Nature and by Its Institution, is Not the Cause of Sin. Chapter 43. - The Good Tree in the Gospel that Cannot Bring Forth Evil Fruit, Does Not Mean Marriage. Chapter 44 [XXVII.] - The Pelagians Argue that If Sin Comes by Birth, All Married People Deserve Condemnation. Chapter 45. - Answer to This Argument: The Apostle Says We All Sinned in One. Chapter 46. - The Reign of Death, What It Is; The Figure of the Future Adam; How All Men are Justified Through Christ. Chapter 47. - The Scriptures Repeatedly Teach Us that All Sin in One. Chapter 48. - Original Sin Arose from Adam’s Depraved Will. Whence the Corrupt Will Sprang. Chapter 49 [XXIX.] - In Infants Nature is of God, and the Corruption of Nature of the Devil. Chapter 50. - The Rise and Origin of Evil. The Exorcism and Exsufflation of Infants, a Primitive Christian Rite. Chapter 51. - To Call Those that Teach Original Sin Manicheans is to Accuse Ambrose, Cyprian, and the Whole Church. Chapter 52 [XXX.] - Sin Was the Origin of All Shameful Concupiscence. Chapter 53 [XXXI.] - Concupiscence Need Not Have Been Necessary for Fruitfulness. Chapter 54 [XXXII.] - How Marriage is Now Different Since the Existence of Sin. Chapter 55 [XXXIII.] - Lust is a Disease; The Word Passion In the Ecclesiastical Sense. Chapter 56. - The Pelagians Allow that Christ Died Even for Infants; Julianus Slays Himself with His Own Sword. Chapter 57 [XXXIV.] - The Great Sin of the First Man. Chapter 58. - Adam’s Sin is Derived from Him to Every One Who is Born Even of Regenerate Parents; The Example of the Olive Tree and the Wild Olive. Chapter 59 [XXXV.] - The Pelagians Can Hardly Venture to Place Concupiscence in Paradise Before the Commission of Sin. Chapter 60. - Let Not the Pelagians Indulge Themselves in a Cruel Defence of Infants.

AGAINST TWO LETTERS OF THE PELAGIANS (Contra duas epistulas Pelagianorum)

CONTENTS BOOK I Chapter 1. - Introduction: Address to Boniface. Chapter 2. - Why Heretical Writings Must Be Answered. Chapter 3. - Why He Addresses His Book to Boniface. Chapter 4 [II.] - The Calumny of Julian - That the Catholics Teach that Free Will is Taken Away by Adam’s Sin. Chapter 5. - Free Choice Did Not Perish With Adam ‘s Sin. What Freedom Did Perish. Chapter 6 [III.] - Grace is Not Given According to Merits. Chapter 7. - He Concludes that He Does Not Deprive the Wicked of Free Will. Chapter 8 [IV.] - The Pelagians Demolish Free Will. Chapter 9 [V.] - Another Calumny of Julian - That It is Said that Marriage is Not Appointed by God. Chapter 10 - The Third Calumny - The Assertion that Conjugal Intercourse is Condemned. Chapter 11 [VI.] - The Purpose of the Pelagians in Praising the Innocence of Conjugal Intercourse. Chapter 12. - The Fourth Calumny - That the Saints of the Old Testament are Said to Be Not Free from Sins. Chapter 13 [VIII.] - The Fifth Calumny - That It is Said that Paul and the Rest of the Apostles Were Polluted by Lust. Chapter 14. - That the Apostle is Speaking in His Own Person and that of Others Who Are Under Grace, Not Still Under Law. Chapter 15 [IX.] - He Sins in Will Who is Only Deterred from Sinning by Fear. Chapter 16. - How Sin Died, and How It Revived. Chapter 17 [X.] - The Law is Spiritual, But I Am Carnal, To Be Understood of Paul. Chapter 18. - How the Apostle Said that He Did the Evil that He Would Not. Chapter 19. - What It is to Accomplish What is Good. Chapter 20. - In Me, that Is, in My Flesh. Chapter 21. - No Condemnation in Christ Jesus. Chapter 22. - Why the Passage Referred to Must Be Understood of a Man Established Under Grace. Chapter 23 [XI.] - What It is to Be Delivered from the Body of This Death. Chapter 24. - He Concludes that the Apostle Spoke in His Own Person, and that of Those Who are Under Grace. Chapter 25 [XII.] - The Sixth Calumny - That Augustine Asserts that Even Christ Was Not Free from Sins. Chapter 26 [XIII.] - The Seventh Calumny - That Augustine Asserts that in Baptism All Sins are Not Remitted. Chapter 27. - In What Sense Lust is Called Sin in the Regenerate. Chapter 28 [XIV.] - Many Without Crime, None Without Sin. Chapter 29 [XV.] - Julian Opposes the Faith of His Friends to the Opinions of Catholic Believers. First of All, of Free Will. Chapter 30. - Secondly, of Marriage. Chapter 31. - Thirdly, of Conjugal Intercourse. Chapter 32 [XVI.] - The Aprons Which Adam and Eve Wore. Chapter 33. - The Shame of Nakedness. Chapter 34 [XVII.] - Whether There Could Be Sensual Appetite in Paradise Before the Fall. Chapter 35. - Desire in Paradise Was Either None at All, or It Was Obedient to the Impulse of the Will. Chapter 36 [XVIII.] - Julian’s Fourth Objection, that Man is God’s Work, and is Not Constrained to Evil or Good by His Power. Chapter 37 [XIX.] - The Beginning of a Good Will is the Gift of Grace. Chapter 38 [XX.] - The Power of God’s Grace is Proved. Chapter 39 [XXI.] - Julian’s Fifth Objection Concerning the Saints of the Old Testament. Chapter 40 [XXII.] - The Sixth Objection, Concerning the Necessity of Grace for All, and Concerning the Baptism of Infants. Chapter 41 [XXIII.] - The Seventh Objection, of the Effect of Baptism. Chapter 42 [XXIV.] - He Rebuts the Conclusion of Julian’s Letter. BOOK II Chapter 1. - Introduction; The Pelagians Impeach Catholics as Manicheans. Chapter 2 [II.] - The Heresies of the Manicheans and Pelagians are Mutually Opposed, and are Alike Reprobated by the Catholic Church. Chapter 3. - How Far the Manicheans and Pelagians are Joined in Error; How Far They are Separated. Chapter 4. - The Two Contrary Errors. Chapter 5 [III.] - The Calumny of the Pelagians Against the Clergy of the Roman Church. Chapter 6 [IV.] - What Was Done in the Case of Cœlestius and Zosimus. Chapter 7. - He Suggests a Dilemma to Cœlestius. Chapter 8. - The Catholic Faith Concerning Infants. Chapter 9 [V.] - He Replies to the Calumnies of the Pelagians. Chapter 10. - Why the Pelagians Falsely Accuse Catholics of Maintaining Fate Under the Name of Grace. Chapter 11 [VI.] - The Accusation of Fate is Thrown Back Upon the Adversaries. Chapter 12. - What is Meant Under the Name of Fate. Chapter 13 [VII.] - He Repels the Calumny Concerning the Acceptance of Persons. Chapter 14. - He Illustrates His Argument by an Example. Chapter 15. - The Apostle Meets the Question by Leaving It Unsolved. Chapter 16. - The Pelagians are Refuted by the Case of the Twin Infants Dying, the One After, and the Other Without, the Grace of Baptism. Chapter 17 [VIII.] - Even the Desire of an Imperfect Good is a Gift of Grace, Otherwise Grace Would Be Given According to Merits. Chapter 18. - The Desire of Good is God’s Gift. Chapter 19 [IX.] - He Interprets the Scriptures Which the Pelagians Make Ill Use of. Chapter 20. - God’s Agency is Needful Even in Man’s Doings. Chapter 21. - Man Does No Good Thing Which God Does Not Cause Him to Do. Chapter 22 [X.] - According to Whose Purpose the Elect are Called. Chapter 23. - Nothing is Commanded to Man Which is Not Given by God. BOOK III Chapter 1 [I.] - Statement. Chapter 2 [II.] - The Misrepresentation of the Pelagians Concerning the Use of the Old Law. Chapter 3. - Scriptural Confirmation of the Catholic Doctrine. Chapter 4 [III.] - Misrepresentation Concerning the Effect of Baptism. Chapter 5. - Baptism Puts Away All Sins, But It Does Not at Once Heal All Infirmities. Chapter 6 [IV.] - The Calumny Concerning the Old Testament and the Righteous Men of Old. Chapter 7. - The New Testament is More Ancient Than the Old; But It Was Subsequently Revealed. Chapter 8. - All Righteous Men Before and After Abraham are Children of the Promise and of Grace. Chapter 9. - Who are the Children of the Old Covenant. Chapter 10. - The Old Law Also Given by God. Chapter 11. - Distinction Between the Children of the Old and of the New Testaments. Chapter 12. - The Old Testament is Properly One Thing - The Old Instrument Another. Chapter 13. - Why One of the Covenants is Called Old, the Other New. Chapter 14 [V.] - Calumny Concerning the Righteousness of the Prophets and Apostles. Chapter 15. - The Perfection of Apostles and Prophets. Chapter 16 [VI.] - Misrepresentation Concerning Sin in Christ. Chapter 17 [VII.] - Their Calumny About the Fulfilment of Precepts in the Life to Come. Chapter 18. - Perfection of Righteousness and Full Security Was Not Even in Paul in This Life. Chapter 19. - In What Sense the Righteousness of Man in This Life is Said to Be Perfect. Chapter 20. - Why the Righteousness Which is of the Law is Valued Slightly by Paul. Chapter 21. - That Righteousness is Never Perfected in This Life. Chapter 22. - Nature of Human Righteousness and Perfection. Chapter 23. - There is No True Righteousness Without the Faith of the Grace of Christ. Chapter 24 [VIII.] - There are Three Principal Heads in the Pelagian Heresy. Chapter 25 [IX.] - He Shows that the Opinion of the Catholics is the Mean Between that of the Manicheans and Pelagians, and Refutes Both. Chapter 26 [X.] - The Pelagians Still Strive After a Hiding-Place, by Introducing the Needless Question of the Origin of the Soul. BOOK IV Chapter 1 [I.] - The Subterfuges of the Pelagians are Five. Chapter 2 [II.] - The Praise of the Creature. Chapter 3 [III.] - The Catholics Praise Nature, Marriage, Law, Free Will, and the Saints, in Such Wise as to Condemn as Well Pelagians as Manicheans. Chapter 4 [IV.] - Pelagians and Manicheans on the Praise of the Creature. Chapter 5. - What is the Special Advantage in the Pelagian Opinions? Chapter 6. - Not Death Alone, But Sin Also Has Passed into Us by Means of Adam. Chapter 7. - What is the Meaning of In Whom All Have Sinned? Chapter 8. - Death Passed Upon All by Sin. Chapter 9 [V.] - Of the Praise of Marriage. Chapter 10. - Of the Praise of the Law. Chapter 11. - The Pelagians Understand that the Law Itself is God’s Grace. Chapter 12 [VI.] - Of the Praise of Free Will. Chapter 13. - God’s Purposes are Effects of Grace. Chapter 14. - The Testimonies of Scripture in Favour of Grace. Chapter 15. - From Such Scriptures Grace is Proved to Be Gratuitous and Effectual. Chapter 16. - Why God Makes of Some Sheep, Others Not. Chapter 17 [VII.] - Of the Praise of the Saints. Chapter 18. - The Opinion of the Saints Themselves About Themselves. Chapter 19. - The Craft of the Pelagians. Chapter 20 [VIII.] - The Testimonies of the Ancients Against the Pelagians. Chapter 21. - Pelagius, in Imitation of Cyprian, Wrote a Book of Testimonies. Chapter 22. - Further References to Cyprian. Chapter 23. - Further References to Cyprian. Chapter 24. - The Dilemma Proposed to the Pelagians. Chapter 25 [IX.] - Cyprian’s Testimonies Concerning God’s Grace. Chapter 26. - Further Appeals to Cyprian’s Teaching. Chapter 27 [X.] - Cyprian’s Testimonies Concerning the Imperfection of Our Own Righteousness. Chapter 28. - Cyprian’s Orthodoxy Undoubted. Chapter 29 [XI.] - The Testimonies of Ambrose Against the Pelagians and First of All Concerning Original Sin. Chapter 30. - The Testimonies of Ambrose Concerning God’s Grace. Chapter 31. - The Testimonies of Ambrose on the Imperfection of Present Righteousness. Chapter 32 [XII.] - The Pelagian’s Heresy Arose Long After Ambrose. Chapter 33. - Opposition of the Manichean and Catholic Dogmas. Chapter 34. - The Calling Together of a Synod Not Always Necessary to the Condemnation of Heresies.

ON GRACE AND FREE WILL (De gratia et libero arbitrio)

CONTENTS Chapter 1 [I.] - The Occasion and Argument of This Work. Chapter 2 [II.] - He Proves the Existence of Free Will in Man from the Precepts Addressed to Him by God. Chapter 3. - Sinners are Convicted When Attempting to Excuse Themselves by Blaming God, Because They Have Free Will. Chapter 4. - The Divine Commands Which are Most Suited to the Will Itself Illustrate Its Freedom. Chapter 5. - He Shows that Ignorance Affords No Such Excuse as Shall Free the Offender from Punishment; But that to Sin with Knowledge is a Graver Thing Than to Sin in Ignorance. Chapter 6 [IV.] - God’s Grace to Be Maintained Against the Pelagians; The Pelagian Heresy Not an Old One. Chapter 7. - Grace is Necessary Along with Free Will to Lead a Good Life. Chapter 8. - Conjugal Chastity is Itself the Gift of God. Chapter 9. - Entering into Temptation. Prayer is a Proof of Grace. Chapter 10 [V.] - Free Will and God’s Grace are Simultaneously Commended. Chapter 11. - Other Passages of Scripture Which the Pelagians Abuse. Chapter 12. - He Proves Out of St. Paul that Grace is Not Given According to Men’s Merits. Chapter 13 [VI.] - The Grace of God is Not Given According to Merit, But Itself Makes All Good Desert. Chapter 14. - Paul First Received Grace that He Might Win the Crown. Chapter 15. - The Pelagians Profess that the Only Grace Which is Not Given According to Our Merits is that of the Forgiveness of Sins. Chapter 16 [VII.] - Paul Fought, But God Gave the Victory: He Ran, But God Showed Mercy. Chapter 17. - The Faith that He Kept Was the Free Gift of God. Chapter 18. - Faith Without Good Works is Not Sufficient for Salvation. Chapter 19 [VIII.] - How is Eternal Life Both a Reward for Service and a Free Gift of Grace? Chapter 20. - The Question Answered. Justification is Grace Simply and Entirely, Eternal Life is Reward and Grace. Chapter 21 [IX.] - Eternal Life is Grace for Grace. Chapter 22 [X.] - Who is the Transgressor of the Law? The Oldness of Its Letter. The Newness of Its Spirit. Chapter 23 [XI.] - The Pelagians Maintain that the Law is the Grace of God Which Helps Us Not to Sin. Chapter 24 [XII.] - Who May Be Said to Wish to Establish Their Own Righteousness. God’s Righteousness, So Called, Which Man Has from God. Chapter 25 [XIII.] - As The Law is Not, So Neither is Our Nature Itself that Grace by Which We are Christians. Chapter 26. - The Pelagians Contend that the Grace, Which is Neither the Law Nor Nature, Avails Only to the Remission of Past Sins, But Not to the Avoidance of Future Ones. Chapter 27 [XIV.] - Grace Effects the Fulfilment of the Law, the Deliverance of Nature, and the Suppression of Sin’s Dominion. Chapter 28. - Faith is the Gift of God. Chapter 29. - God is Able to Convert Opposing Wills, and to Take Away from the Heart Its Hardness. Chapter 30. - The Grace by Which the Stony Heart is Removed is Not Preceded by Good Deserts, But by Evil Ones. Chapter 31 [XV.] - Free Will Has Its Function in the Heart’s Conversion; But Grace Too Has Its. Chapter 32 [XVI.] - In What Sense It is Rightly Said That, If We Like, We May Keep God’s Commandments. Chapter 33 [XVII.] - A Good Will May Be Small and Weak; An Ample Will, Great Love. Operating and Co-operating Grace. Chapter 34. - The Apostle’s Eulogy of Love. Correction to Be Administered with Love. Chapter 35. - Commendations of Love. Chapter 36. - Love Commended by Our Lord Himself. Chapter 37 [XVIII.] - The Love Which Fulfils the Commandments is Not of Ourselves, But of God. Chapter 38. - We Would Not Love God Unless He First Loved Us. The Apostles Chose Christ Because They Were Chosen; They Were Not Chosen Because They Chose Christ. Chapter 39. - The Spirit of Fear a Great Gift of God. Chapter 40 [XIX.] - The Ignorance of the Pelagians in Maintaining that the Knowledge of the Law Comes from God, But that Love Comes from Ourselves. Chapter 41 [XX.] - The Wills of Men are So Much in the Power of God, that He Can Turn Them Whithersoever It Pleases Him. Chapter 42 [XXI] - God Does Whatsoever He Wills in the Hearts of Even Wicked Men. Chapter 43. - God Operates on Men’s Hearts to Incline Their Wills Whithersoever He Pleases. Chapter 44 [XXII.] - Gratuitous Grace Exemplified in Infants. Chapter 45 [XXIII] - The Reason Why One Person is Assisted by Grace, and Another is Not Helped, Must Be Referred to the Secret Judgments of God. Chapter 46 [XXIV.] - Understanding and Wisdom Must Be Sought from God.

ON THE PREDESTINATION OF THE SAINTS (De praedestinatione sanctorum)

CONTENTS BOOK I Chapter 1 [I.] - Introduction. Chapter 2. - To What Extent the Massilians Withdraw from the Pelagians. Chapter 3 [II.] - Even the Beginning of Faith is of God’s Gift. Chapter 4. - Continuation of the Preceding. Chapter 5. - To Believe is to Think with Assent. Chapter 6. - Presumption and Arrogance to Be Avoided. Chapter 7 [III.] - Augustine Confesses that He Had Formerly Been in Error Concerning the Grace of God. Chapter 8 [IV.] - What Augustine Wrote to Simplicianus, the Successor of Ambrose, Bishop of Milan. Chapter 9 [V.] - The Purpose of the Apostle in These Words. Chapter 10. - It is God’s Grace Which Specially Distinguishes One Man from Another. Chapter 11 [VI.] - That Some Men are Elected is of God’s Mercy. Chapter 12 [VII.] - Why the Apostle Said that We are Justified by Faith and Not by Works. Chapter 13 [VIII.] - The Effect of Divine Grace. Chapter 14. - Why the Father Does Not Teach All that They May Come to Christ. Chapter 15. - It is Believers that are Taught of God. Chapter 16. - Why the Gift of Faith is Not Given to All. Chapter 17 [IX.] - His Argument in His Letter Against Porphyry, as to Why the Gospel Came So Late into the World. Chapter 18. - The Preceding Argument Applied to the Present Time. Chapter 19 [X] - In What Respects Predestination and Grace Differ. Chapter 20. - Did God Promise the Good Works of the Nations and Not Their Faith, to Abraham? Chapter 21. - It is to Be Wondered at that Men Should Rather Trust to Their Own Weakness Than to God’s Strength. Chapter 22. - God’s Promise is Sure. Chapter 23 [XII.] - Remarkable Illustrations of Grace and Predestination in Infants, and in Christ. Chapter 24. - That No One is Judged According to What He Would Have Done If He Had Lived Longer. Chapter 25 [XIII.] - Possibly the Baptized Infants Would Have Repented If They Had Lived, and the Unbaptized Not. Chapter 26 [XIV] - Reference to Cyprian’s Treatise On the Mortality. Chapter 27. - The Book of Wisdom Obtains in the Church the Authority of Canonical Scripture. Chapter 28. - Cyprian’s Treatise On the Mortality. Chapter 29. - God’s Dealing Does Not Depend Upon Any Contingent Merits of Men. Chapter 30 [XV.] - The Most Illustrious Instance of Predestination is Christ Jesus. Chapter 31. - Christ Predestinated to Be the Son of God. Chapter 32 [XVI.] - The Twofold Calling. Chapter 33. - It is in the Power of Evil Men to Sin; But to Do This or That by Means of that Wickedness is in God’s Power Alone. Chapter 34 [XVII.] - The Special Calling of the Elect is Not Because They Have Believed, But in Order that They May Believe. Chapter 35 [XVIII.] - Election is for the Purpose of Holiness. Chapter 36. - God Chose the Righteous; Not Those Whom He Foresaw as Being of Themselves, But Those Whom He Predestinated for the Purpose of Making So. Chapter 37. - We Were Elected and Predestinated, Not Because We Were Going to Be Holy, But in Order that We Might Be So. Chapter 38 [XIX.] - What is the View of the Pelagians, and What of the Semi-Pelagians, Concerning Predestination. Chapter 39 - The Beginning of Faith is God’s Gift. Chapter 40 [XX.] - Apostolic Testimony to the Beginning of Faith Being God’s Gift. Chapter 41. - Further Apostolic Testimonies. Chapter 42. - Old Testament Testimonies. Chapter 43 [XXI.] - Conclusion. BOOK II Chapter 1 [I.] - Of the Nature of the Perseverance Here Discoursed of. Chapter 2 [II.] - Faith is the Beginning of a Christian Man. Martyrdom for Christ’s Sake is His Best Ending. Chapter 3. - God is Besought for It, Because It is His Gift. Chapter 4. - Three Leading Points of the Pelagian Doctrine. Chapter 5. - The Second Petition in the Lord’s Prayer. Chapter 6 [III.] - The Third Petition. How Heaven and Earth are Understood in the Lord’s Prayer. Chapter 7 [IV.] - The Fourth Petition. Chapter 8 [V.] - The Fifth Petition. It is an Error of the Pelagians that the Righteous are Free from Sin. Chapter 9. - When Perseverance is Granted to a Person, He Cannot But Persevere. Chapter 10 [VI.] - The Gift of Perseverance Can Be Obtained by Prayer. Chapter 11. - Effect of Prayer for Perseverance. Chapter 12. - Of His Own Will a Man Forsakes God, So that He is Deservedly Forsaken of Him. Chapter 13 [VII.] - Temptation the Condition of Man. Chapter 14. - It is God’s Grace Both that Man Comes to Him, and that Man Does Not Depart from Him. Chapter 15. - Why God Willed that He Should Be Asked for that Which He Might Give Without Prayer. Chapter 16 [VIII.] - Why is Not Grace Given According to Merit? Chapter 17. - The Difficulty of the Distinction Made in the Choice of One and the Rejection of Another. Chapter 18. - But Why Should One Be Punished More Than Another? Chapter 19. - Why Does God Mingle Those Who Will Persevere with Those Who Will Not? Chapter 20. - Ambrose on God’s Control Over Men’s Thoughts. Chapter 21 [IX.] - Instances of the Unsearchable Judgments of God. Chapter 22. - It is an Absurdity to Say that the Dead Will Be Judged for Sins Which They Would Have Committed If They Had Lived. Chapter 23. - Why for the People of Tyre and Sidon, Who Would Have Believed, the Miracles Were Not Done Which Were Done in Other Places Which Did Not Believe. Chapter 24 [X.] - It May Be Objected that The People of Tyre and Sidon Might, If They Had Heard, Have Believed, and Have Subsequently Lapsed from Their Faith. Chapter 25 [XI.] - God’s Ways, Both in Mercy and Judgment, Past Finding Out. Chapter 26. - The Manicheans Do Not Receive All the Books of the Old Testament, and of the New Only Those that They Choose. Chapter 27. - Reference to the Retractations. Chapter 28 [XII.] - God’s Goodness and Righteousness Shown in All. Chapter 29. - God’s True Grace Could Be Defended Even If There Were No Original Sin, as Pelagius Maintains. Chapter 30. - Augustine Claims the Right to Grow in Knowledge. Chapter 31. - Infants are Not Judged According to that Which They are Foreknown as Likely to Do If They Should Live. Chapter 32 [XIII.] - The Inscrutability of God’s Free Purposes. Chapter 33. - God Gives Both Initiatory and Persevering Grace According to His Own Will. Chapter 34 [XIV.] - The Doctrine of Predestination Not Opposed to the Advantage of Preaching. Chapter 35. - What Predestination is. Chapter 36. - The Preaching of the Gospel and the Preaching of Predestination the Two Parts of One Message. Chapter 37. - Ears to Hear are a Willingness to Obey. Chapter 38 [XV.] - Against the Preaching of Predestination the Same Objections May Be Alleged as Against Predestination. Chapter 39 [XVI] - Prayer and Exhortation. Chapter 40. - When the Truth Must Be Spoken, When Kept Back. Chapter 41. - Predestination Defined as Only God’s Disposing of Events in His Foreknowledge. Chapter 42. - The Adversaries Cannot Deny Predestination to Those Gifts of Grace Which They Themselves Acknowledge, and Their Exhortations are Not Hindered by This Predestination Nevertheless. Chapter 43. - Further Development of the Foregoing Argument. Chapter 44. - Exhortation to Wisdom, Though Wisdom is God’s Gift. Chapter 45. - Exhortation to Other Gifts of God in Like Manner. Chapter 46. - A Man Who Does Not Persevere Fails by His Own Fault. Chapter 47. - Predestination is Sometimes Signified Under the Name of Foreknowledge. Chapter 48 [XIX.] - Practice of Cyprian and Ambrose. Chapter 49. - Further References to Cyprian and Ambrose. Chapter 50. - Obedience Not Discouraged by Preaching God’s Gifts. Chapter 51 [XX.] - Predestination Must Be Preached. Chapter 52. - Previous Writings Anticipatively Refuted the Pelagian Heresy. Chapter 53. - Augustine’s Confessions. Chapter 54 [XXI.] - Beginning and End of Faith is of God. Chapter 55. - Testimony of His Previous Writings and Letters. Chapter 56. - God Gives Means as Well as End. Chapter 57 [XXII.] - How Predestination Must Be Preached So as Not to Give Offence. Chapter 58. - The Doctrine to Be Applied with Discrimination. Chapter 59. - Offence to Be Avoided. Chapter 60. - The Application to the Church in General. Chapter 61. - Use of the Third Person Rather Than the Second. Chapter 62. - Prayer to Be Inculcated, Nevertheless. Chapter 63 [XXIII.] - The Testimony of the Whole Church in Her Prayers. Chapter 64. - In What Sense the Holy Spirit Solicits for Us, Crying, Abba, Father. Chapter 65. - The Church’s Prayers Imply the Church’s Faith. Chapter 66 [XXIV.] - Recapitulation and Exhortation. Chapter 67. - The Most Eminent Instance of Predestination is Christ Jesus. Chapter 68. - Conclusion.

OUR LORD’S SERMON ON THE MOUNT (De sermone Domini in monte)

CONTENTS BOOK ONE. CONCERNING THE FIRST PART OF THE SERMON ON THE MOUNT (MATTHEW 5) Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 BOOK TWO. CONCERNING THE SECOND PART OF THE SERMON ON THE MOUNT (MATTHEW 6-7) Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25

ON THE HARMONY OF THE EVANGELISTS (De consensu evangelistarum)

CONTENTS Preface Book I. Chapter I. Chapter II. Chapter III. Chapter IV. Chapter V. Chapter VI. Chapter VII. Chapter VIII. Chapter IX. Chapter X. Chapter XI. Chapter XII. Chapter XIII. Chapter XIV. Chapter XV. Chapter XVI. Chapter XVII. Chapter XVIII. Chapter XIX. Chapter XX. Chapter XXI. Chapter XXII. Chapter XXIII. Chapter XXIV. Chapter XXV. Chapter XXVI. Chapter XXVII. Chapter XXVIII. Chapter XXIX. Chapter XXX. Chapter XXXI. Chapter XXXII. Chapter XXXIII. Chapter XXXIV. Chapter XXXV. Book II. Chapter I. Chapter II. Chapter III. Chapter IV. Chapter V. Chapter VI. Chapter VII. Chapter VIII. Chapter IX. Chapter X. Chapter XI. Chapter XII. Chapter XIII. Chapter XIV. Chapter XV. Chapter XVI. Chapter XVII. Chapter XVIII. Chapter XIX. Chapter XX. Chapter XXI. Chapter XXII. Chapter XXIII. Chapter XXIV. Chapter XXV. Chapter XXVI. Chapter XXVII. Chapter XXVIII. Chapter XXIX. Chapter XXX. Chapter XXXI. Chapter XXXII. Chapter XXXIII. Chapter XXXIV. Chapter XXXV. Chapter XXXVI. Chapter XXXVII. Chapter XXXVIII. Chapter XXXIX. Chapter XL. Chapter XLI. Chapter XLII. Chapter XLIII. Chapter XLIV. Chapter XLV. Chapter XLVI. Chapter XLVII. Chapter XLVIII. Chapter XLIX. Chapter L. Chapter LI. Chapter LII. Chapter LIII. Chapter LIV. Chapter LV. Chapter LVI. Chapter LVII. Chapter LVIII. Chapter LIX. Chapter LX. Chapter LXI. Chapter LXII. Chapter LXIII. Chapter LXIV. Chapter LXV. Chapter LXVI. Chapter LXVII. Chapter LXVIII. Chapter LXIX. Chapter LXX. Chapter LXXI. Chapter LXXII. Chapter LXXIII. Chapter LXXIV. Chapter LXXV. Chapter LXXVI. Chapter LXXVII. Chapter LXXVIII. Chapter LXXIX. Chapter LXXX. Book III. Chapter I. Chapter II. Chapter III. Chapter IV. Chapter V. Chapter VI. Chapter VII. Chapter VIII. Chapter IX. Chapter X. Chapter XI. Chapter XII. Chapter XIII. Chapter XIV. Chapter XV. Chapter XVI. Chapter XVII. Chapter XVIII. Chapter XIX. Chapter XX. Chapter XXI. Chapter XXII. Chapter XXIII. Chapter XXIV. Chapter XXV. Book IV. Chapter I. Chapter II. Chapter III. Chapter IV. Chapter V. Chapter VI. Chapter VII. Chapter VIII. Chapter IX. Chapter X.

TREATISES ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN (In Iohannis evangelium tractatus)

CONTENTS Part 1. - Chapter I. 1-5 Part 2. - Chapter I. 6-14 Part 3. - Chapter I. 15-18 Part 4. - Chapter I. 19-33 Part 5. - Chapter I. 33 Part 6. - Chapter I. 32, 33 Part 7. - Chapter I. 34-51 Part 8. - Chapter II. 1-4 Part 9. - Chapter II. 1-11 Part 10. - Chapter II. 12-21 Part 11. - Chapter II. 23-25; III. 1-5 Part 12. - Chapter III. 6-21 Part 13. - Chapter III. 22-29 Part 14. - Chapter III. 29-36 Part 15. - Chapter IV. 1-42 Part 16. - Chapter IV. 43-54 Part 17. - Chapter IV. 1-18 Part 18. - Chapter V. 19 Part 19. - Chapter V. 19-30 Part 20. - Chapter V. 19 Part 21. - Chapter V. 20-23 Part 22. - Chapter V. 24-30 Part 23. - Chapter V. 19-40 Part 24. - Chapter VI. 1-14 Part 25. - Chapter VI. 15-44 Part 26. - Chapter VI. 41-59 Part 27. - Chapter VI. 60-72 Part 28. - Chapter VII. 1-13 Part 29. - Chapter VII. 14-18 Part 30. - Chapter VII. 19-24 Part 31. - Chapter VII. 25-36 Part 32. - Chapter VII. 37-39 Part 33. - Chapter VII. 40-53; VIII. 1-11 Part 34. - Chapter VIII. 12 Part 35. - Chapter VIII. 13, 14 Part 36. - Chapter VIII. 15-18 Part 37. - Chapter VIII. 19, 20 Part 38. - Chapter VIII. 21-25 Part 39. - Chapter VIII. 26, 27 Part 40. - Chapter VIII. 28-32 Part 41. - Chapter VIII. 31-36 Part 42. - Chapter VIII. 37-47 Part 43. - Chapter VIII. 48-59 Part 44. - Chapter IX Part 45. - Chapter X. 1-10 Part 46. - Chapter X. 11-13 Part 47. - Chapter X. 14-21 Part 48. - Chapter X. 22-42 Part 49. - Chapter XI. 1-54 Part 50. - Chapter XI. 55-57; XII Part 51. - Chapter XII. 12-26 Part 52. - Chapter XII. 27-36 Part 53. - Chapter XII. 37-43 Part 54. - Chapter XII. 44-50 Part 55. - Chapter XIII. 1-5 Part 56. - Chapter XIII. 6-10 Part 57. - Chapter XIII. 6-10 (continued), and Song of Sol. V. 2, 3 Part 58. - Chapter XIII. 10-15. Part 59. - Chapter XIII. 16-20. Part 60. - Chapter XIII. 21. Part 61. - Chapter XIII. 21-26. Part 62. - Chapter XIII. 26-31. Part 63. - Chapter XIII. 31-32. Part 64. - Chapter XIII. 31-32. Part 65. - Chapter XIII. 34, 35. Part 66. - Chapter XIII. 36-38. Part 67. - Chapter XIV. 1-3. Part 68. On the same passage. Part 69. - Chapter XIV. 4-6. Part 70. - Chapter XIV. 7-10. Part 71. - Chapter XIV. 10-14. Part 72. On the same passage. Part 73. Again on the same passage. Part 74. - Chapter XIV. 15-17. Part 75. - Chapter XIV. 18-21. Part 76. - Chapter XIV. 22-24. Part 77. - Chapter XIV. 25-27. Part 78. - Chapter XIV. 27, 28. Part 79. - Chapter XIV. 29-31. Part 80. - Chapter XV. 1-3. Part 81. - Chapter XV. 4-7. Part 82. - Chapter XV. 8-10. Part 83. - Chapter XV. 11, 12. Part 84. - Chapter XV. 13. Part 85. - Chapter XV. 14, 15. Part 86. - Chapter XV. 15, 16. Part 87. - Chapter XV. 17-19. Part 88. - Chapter XV. 20, 21. Part 89. - Chapter XV. 22, 23. Part 90. - Chapter XV. 23. Part 91. - Chapter XV. 24, 25. Part 92. - Chapter XV. 26, 27. Part 93. - Chapter XVI. 1-4. Part 94. - Chapter XVI. 4-7. Part 95. - Chapter XVI. 8-11. Part 96. - Chapter XVI. 12, 13. Part 97. - Chapter XVI. 12, 13 (continued). Part 98. - Chapter XVI. 12, 13 (continued). Part 99. - Chapter XVI. 13. Part 100. - Chapter XVI. 13-15 (continued). Part 101. - Chapter XVI. 16-23. Part 102. - Chapter XVI. 23-28. Part 103. - Chapter XVI. 29-33. Part 104. - Chapter XVII. 1. Part 105. - Chapter XVII. 1-5. Part 106. - Chapter XVII. 6-8. Part 107. - Chapter XVII. 9-13. Part 108. - Chapter XVII. 14-19. Part 109. - Chapter XVII. 20. Part 110. - Chapter XVII. 21-23. Part 111. - Chapter XVII. 24-26. Part 112. - Chapter XVIII. 1-12. Part 113. - Chapter XVIII. 13-27. Part 114. - Chapter XVIII. 28-32. Part 115. - Chapter XVIII. 33-40. Part 116. - Chapter XIX. 1-16. Part 117. - Chapter XIX. 17-22. Part 118. - Chapter XIX. 23, 24. Part 119. - Chapter XIX. 24-30. Part 120. - Chapter XIX. 31-42, and XX. 1-9. Part 121. - Chapter XX. 10-29. Part 122. - Chapter XX. 30-31, and XXI. 1-11. Part 123. - Chapter XXI. 12-19. Part 124. - Chapter XXI. 19-25.

SOLILOQUIES (Soliloquiorum libri duo)

CONTENTS BOOK I BOOK II

ENARRATIONS, OR EXPOSITIONS, ON THE PSALMS (Enarrationes in Psalmos)

CONTENTS Editor’s Preface. Note. Advertisement. Psalm I. Psalm II. Psalm III. Psalm IV. Psalm V. Psalm VI. Psalm VII. Psalm VIII. Psalm IX. Psalm X. Psalm XI. Psalm XII. Psalm XII. Psalm XIV. Psalm XV. Psalm XVI. Psalm XVII. Psalm XVIII. Psalm XIX. Psalm XX. Psalm XXI. Psalm XXII. Psalm XXIII. Psalm XXIV. Psalm XXV. Psalm XXVI. Psalm XXVII. Psalm XXVIII. Psalm XXIX. Psalm XXX. Psalm XXXI. Psalm XXXII. Psalm XXXIII. Psalm XXXIV. Psalm XXXV. Psalm XXXVI. Psalm XXXVII. Psalm XXXVIII. Psalm XXXIX. Psalm XL. Psalm XLI. Psalm XLII. Psalm XLIII. Psalm XLIV. Psalm XLV. Psalm XLVI. Psalm XLVII. Psalm XLVIII. Psalm XLIX. Psalm L. Psalm LI. Psalm LII. Psalm LIII. Psalm LIV. Psalm LV. Psalm LVI. Psalm LVII. Psalm LVIII. Psalm LIX. Psalm LX. Psalm LXI. Psalm LXII. Psalm LXIII. Psalm LXIV. Psalm LXV. Psalm LXVI. Psalm LXVII. Psalm LXVIII. Psalm LXIX. Psalm LXX. Psalm LXXI. Psalm LXXII. Psalm LXXIII. Psalm LXXIV. Psalm LXXV. Psalm LXXVI. Psalm LXXVII. Psalm LXXVIII. Psalm LXXIX. Psalm LXXX. Psalm LXXXI. Psalm LXXXII. Psalm LXXXIII. Psalm LXXXIV. Psalm LXXXV. Psalm LXXXVI. Psalm LXXXVII. Psalm LXXXVIII. Psalm LXXXIX. Psalm XC. Psalm XCI. Psalm XCII. Psalm XCIII. Psalm XCIV. Psalm XCV. Psalm XCVI. Psalm XCVII. Psalm XCVIII. Psalm XCIX. Psalm C. Psalm CI. Psalm CII. Psalm CIII. Psalm CIV. Psalm CV. Psalm CVI. Psalm CVII. Psalm CVIII. Psalm CIX. Psalm CX. Psalm CXI. Psalm CXII. Psalm CXIII. Psalm CXIV. Psalm CXV. Psalm CXVI. Psalm CXVII. Psalm CXVIII. Psalm CXIX. Psalm CXX. Psalm CXXI. Psalm CXXII. Psalm CXXIII. Psalm CXXIV. Psalm CXXV. Psalm CXXVI. Psalm CXXVII. Psalm CXXVIII. Psalm CXXIX. Psalm CXXX. Psalm CXXXI. Psalm CXXXII. Psalm CXXXIII. Psalm CXXXIV. Psalm CXXXV. Psalm CXXXVI. Psalm CXXXVII. Psalm CXXXVIII. Psalm CXXXIX. Psalm CXL. Psalm CXLI. Psalm CXLII. Psalm CXLIII. Psalm CXLIV. Psalm CXLV. Psalm CXLVI. Psalm CXLVII. Psalm CXLVIII. Psalm CXLIX. Psalm CL. Prayer of St. Augustin.

ANSWER TO THE LETTERS OF PETILIAN, BISHOP OF CIRTA (Contra litteras Petiliani)

CONTENTS THE THREE BOOKS OF ST. AUGUSTINE IN ANSWER TO THE LETTERS OF PETILIAN, THE DONATIST, BISHOP OF CIRTA. BOOK I Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10. Chapter 11. Chapter 12. Chapter 13. Chapter 14. Chapter 15. Chapter 16. Chapter 17. Chapter 18. Chapter 19. Chapter 20. Chapter 21. Chapter 22. Chapter 23. Chapter 24. Chapter 25. Chapter 26. Chapter 27. Chapter 28. Chapter 29. BOOK II Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10. Chapter 11. Chapter 12. Chapter 13. Chapter 14. Chapter 15. Chapter 16. Chapter 17. Chapter 18. Chapter 19. Chapter 20. Chapter 21. Chapter 22. Chapter 23. Chapter 24. Chapter 25. Chapter 26. Chapter 27. Chapter 28. Chapter 29. Chapter 30. Chapter 31. Chapter 32. Chapter 33. Chapter 34. Chapter 35. Chapter 36. Chapter 37. Chapter 38. Chapter 39. Chapter 40. Chapter 41. Chapter 42. Chapter 43. Chapter 44. Chapter 45. Chapter 46. Chapter 47. Chapter 48. Chapter 49. Chapter 50. Chapter 51. Chapter 52. Chapter 53. Chapter 54. Chapter 55. Chapter 56. Chapter 57. Chapter 58. Chapter 59. Chapter 60. Chapter 61. Chapter 62. Chapter 63. Chapter 64. Chapter 65. Chapter 66. Chapter 67. Chapter 68. Chapter 69. Chapter 70. Chapter 71. Chapter 72. Chapter 73. Chapter 74. Chapter 75. Chapter 76. Chapter 77. Chapter 78. Chapter 79. Chapter 80. Chapter 81. Chapter 82. Chapter 83. Chapter 84. Chapter 85. Chapter 86. Chapter 87. Chapter 88. Chapter 89. Chapter 90. Chapter 91. Chapter 92. Chapter 93. Chapter 94. Chapter 95. Chapter 96. Chapter 97. Chapter 98. Chapter 99. Chapter 100. Chapter 101. Chapter 102. Chapter 103. Chapter 104. Chapter 105. Chapter 106. Chapter 107. Chapter 108. Chapter 109. BOOK III Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10. Chapter 11. Chapter 12. Chapter 13. Chapter 14. Chapter 15. Chapter 16. Chapter 17. Chapter 18. Chapter 19. Chapter 20. Chapter 21. Chapter 22. Chapter 23. Chapter 24. Chapter 25. Chapter 26. Chapter 27. Chapter 28. Chapter 29. Chapter 30. Chapter 31. Chapter 32. Chapter 33. Chapter 34. Chapter 35. Chapter 36. Chapter 37. Chapter 38. Chapter 39. Chapter 40. Chapter 41. Chapter 42. Chapter 43. Chapter 44. Chapter 45. Chapter 46. Chapter 47. Chapter 48. Chapter 49. Chapter 50. Chapter 51. Chapter 52. Chapter 53. Chapter 54. Chapter 55. Chapter 56. Chapter 57. Chapter 58. Chapter 59.

SERMONS, AMONG WHICH A SERIES ON SELECTED LESSONS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT

CONTENTS Preface Sermon I. Sermon II. Sermon III. Sermon IV. Sermon V. Sermon VI. Sermon VII. Sermon VIII. Sermon IX. Sermon X. Sermon XI. Sermon XII. Sermon XIII. Sermon XIV. Sermon XV. Sermon XVI. Sermon XVII. Sermon XVIII. Sermon XIX. Sermon XX. Sermon XXI. Sermon XXII. Sermon XXIII. Sermon XXIV. Sermon XXV. Sermon XXVI. Sermon XXVII. Sermon XXVIII. Sermon XXIX. Sermon XXX. Sermon XXXI. Sermon XXXII. Sermon XXXIII. Sermon XXXIV. Sermon XXXV. Sermon XXXVI. Sermon XXXVII. Sermon XXXVIII. Sermon XXXIX. Sermon XL. Sermon XLI. Sermon XLII. Sermon XLIII. Sermon XLIV. Sermon XLV. Sermon XLVI. Sermon XLVII. Sermon XLVIII. Sermon XLIX. Sermon L. Sermon LI. Sermon LII. Sermon LIII. Sermon LIV. Sermon LV. Sermon LVI. Sermon LVII. Sermon LVIII. Sermon LIX. Sermon LX. Sermon LXI. Sermon LXII. Sermon LXIII. Sermon LXIV. Sermon LXV. Sermon LXVI. Sermon LXVII. Sermon LXVIII. Sermon LXIX. Sermon LXX. Sermon LXXI. Sermon LXXII. Sermon LXXIII. Sermon LXXIII. Sermon LXXV. Sermon LXXVI. Sermon LXXVII. Sermon LXXVIII. Sermon LXXIX. Sermon LXXX. Sermon LXXXI. Sermon LXXXII. Sermon LXXXIII. Sermon LXXXIV. Sermon LXXXV. Sermon LXXXVI. Sermon LXXXVII. Sermon LXXXVIII. Sermon LXXXIX. Sermon XC. Sermon XCI. Sermon XCII. Sermon XCIII. Sermon XCIV. Sermon XCV. Sermon XCVI. Sermon XCVII.

OUR LORD’S SERMON ON THE MOUNT

CONTENTS BOOK I Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 BOOK II Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25

HOMILIES, AMONG WHICH A SERIES ON THE FIRST EPISTLE OF JOHN

CONTENTS 1 John 1:1-2:11 1 John 2:12-17 1 John 2:18-27 1 John 2:27-3:8 1 John 3:9-18 1 John 3:19-4:3 1 John 4:4-12 1 John 4:12-16 1 John 4:17-21 1 John 5:1-3

Selected Latin Texts LIST OF LATIN TEXTS

CONFESSIONS (Confessiones) CONTENTS LIBER I LIBER II LIBER III LIBER IV LIBER V LIBER VI LIBER VII LIBER VIII LIBER IX LIBER X LIBER XI LIBER XII LIBER XIII THE CITY OF GOD (De civitate Dei) CONTENTS DOMINO EXIMIO MERITOQUE HONORABILI AC SUSCIPIENDO FILIO FIRMO AUGUSTINUS IN DOMINO SALUTEM LIBER I LIBER II LIBER III LIBER IV LIBER V LIBER VI LIBER VII LIBER VIII LIBER IX LIBER X LIBER XI LIBER XII LIBER XIII LIBER XIV LIBER XV LIBER XVI LIBER XVII LIBER XVIII LIBER XIX LIBER XX LIBER XXI LIBER XXII ON THE TRINITY (De trinitate) CONTENTS PROLOGUS LIBER I LIBER II LIBER III LIBER IV LIBER V LIBER VI LIBER VII LIBER VIII LIBER IX LIBER X LIBER XI LIBER XII LIBER XIII LIBER XIV LIBER XV ON THE CATECHISING OF THE UNINSTRUCTED (De catechizandis rudibus) ON FAITH AND THE CREED (De fide et symbolo) CONTENTS Caput I Caput II Caput III Caput IV Caput V Caput VI Caput VII Caput VIII Caput IX Caput X ON LYING (De mendacio) TO CONSENTIUS: AGAINST LYING (Contra mendacium) ON THE TEACHER (De magistro, a dialogue between Augustine and his son Adeodatus) ON REBUKE AND GRACE (De correptione et gratia) ON GRACE AND FREE WILL (De gratia et libero arbitrio) AGAINST THE ACADEMICS (Contra Academicos) CONTENTS LIBER PRIMUS LIBER SECUNDUS LIBER TERTIUS

The Dual Texts DUAL LATIN AND ENGLISH TEXTS

Confessions LIBER II. - BOOK II LIBER III. - BOOK III LIBER IV. - BOOK IV LIBER V. - BOOK V LIBER VI. - BOOK VI LIBER VII. - BOOK VII LIBER VIII. - BOOK VIII LIBER IX. - BOOK IX LIBER X. - BOOK X LIBER XI. - BOOK XI LIBER XII. - BOOK XII LIBER XIII. - BOOK XIII The City of God PREFACE LIBER I. - BOOK I. LIBER II. - BOOK II. LIBER III. - BOOK III. LIBER IV. - BOOK IV. LIBER V. - BOOK V. LIBER VI. - BOOK VI. LIBER VII. - BOOK VII. LIBER VIII. - BOOK VIII. LIBER IX. - BOOK IX. LIBER X. - BOOK X. LIBER XI. - BOOK XI. LIBER XII. - BOOK XII. LIBER XIII. - BOOK XIII. LIBER XIV. - BOOK XIV. LIBER XV. - BOOK XV. LIBER XVI. - BOOK XVI. LIBER XVII. - BOOK XVII. LIBER XVIII. - BOOK XVIII. LIBER XIX. - BOOK XIX. LIBER XX. - BOOK XX. LIBER XXI. - BOOK XXI. LIBER XXII. - BOOK XXII.

The Biographies SAINT AUGUSTINE OF HIPPO by Gustav Krüger ST. AUGUSTIN’S LIFE AND WORK from Schaff’s Church History

CONTENTS CHAPTER I. - Literature. CHAPTER II. - A Sketch of the Life of St. Augustin. CHAPTER III. - Estimate of St. Augustin. CHAPTER IV. - The Writings of St. Augustin. CHAPTER V. - The Influence of St. Augustin upon Posterity, and his Relation to Catholicism and Protestantism.

The Delphi Classics Catalogue

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