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Index
Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1: Philosophy in the Renaissance
The Humanistic Background
The Ideal of Humanitas
Basic Principles and Attitudes
Humanist Themes in Renaissance Thought
Northern Humanism
Humanism and Philosophy
Political Philosophy
Philosophy of Nature
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
Niccolò Machiavelli
Early Life and Political Career
Writings
Jean Bodin
Giordano Bruno
Early Life
Works
Final Years
Chapter 2: Early Modern Philosophy
The Empiricism of Francis Bacon
Bacon’s Scheme
The Idols of the Mind
The New Method
The Materialism of Thomas Hobbes
Hobbes’s System
Political Philosophy
The Rationalism of René Descartes
Descartes’s System
Meditations
The Rationalism of Benedict de Spinoza
The Rationalism of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
Chapter 3: Philosophy in the Enlightenment
Sources and Development of Enlightenment Thought
Classical British Empiricism
John Locke
George Berkeley
David Hume
Nonepistemological Movements
Materialism and Scientific Discovery
Social and Political Philosophy
Immanuel Kant
Chapter 4: The 19th Century
German Idealism
Johann Gottlieb Fichte
Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
Social and Political Theory
The Positivism of Auguste Comte
The Utilitarianism of Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill
Karl Marx
Independent and Irrationalist Movements
Arthur Schopenhauer
Søren Kierkegaard
Friedrich Nietzsche
Wilhelm Dilthey and Henri Bergson
Chapter 5: Contemporary Philosophy
John Dewey and Alfred North Whitehead
Marxist Thought
Vladimir Ilich Lenin
György Lukács and Antonio Gramsci
Critical Theory
Non-Marxist Political Philosophy
Hannah Arendt
John Rawls
Critiques of Philosophical Liberalism
Analytic Philosophy
The Formalist Tradition
The Informalist Tradition
Continental Philosophy
The Phenomenology of Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger
The Existentialism of Karl Jaspers and Jean-Paul Sartre
Continental Philosophy Since the 1950s
The Relevance of Contemporary Philosophy
Glossary
Bibliogrphy
Index
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