Behavior Analysis by Leslie, Julian C. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Half Title Title Copyright Contents List of Figures List of Tables Preface Acknowledgments CHAPTER 1 A scientific approach to behavior

1.1 Early attempts to explain human behavior 1.2 Reflex action 1.3 Acquired or conditioned reflexes 1.4 Classical conditioning 1.5 Evolutionary theory and adaptive behavior 1.6 Scientific analysis of "voluntary" behavior 1.7 The rise of behaviorism 1.8 The experimental analysis of behavior 1.9 The development of applied behavioral analysis 1.10 Applied and basic behavior analysis 1.11 Functional analysis 1.12 Summary

CHAPTER 2 Operant behavior and operant conditioning

2.1 The analysis of purposive behavior 2.2 A prototype experiment: A rat in the Skinner box 2.3 The changes in behavior that characterize operant conditioning 2.4 Outcomes of operant conditioning 2.5 Operants and reinforcing stimuli 2.6 The simple operant conditioning paradigm 2.7 Changing the subject matter: Vocal operants 2.8 Simple operant conditioning of complex or "unobserved" human behavior 2.9 Conditioned reinforcement 2.10 The definition of response classes 2.11 Response differentiation and response shaping 2.12 Summary

CHAPTER 3 Extinction and intermittent reinforcement

3.1 Changes in response rate during operant extinction 3.2 Topographical and structural changes of responding in extinction 3.3 Extinction-induced aggression 3.4 Resistance to extinction 3.5 Spontaneous recovery 3.6 Successive conditioning and extinction 3.7 The operant extinction paradigm 3.8 Extinction outside the laboratory 3.9 Extinction of classically conditioned responses 3.10 Intermittent reinforcement 3.11 Differential reinforcement schedules 3.12 Extinction following intermittent reinforcement 3.13 Human behavior under schedules of reinforcement 3.14 Summary

CHAPTER 4 Stimulus control

4.1 Perceptual stimulus classes 4.2 Stimulus control in classical conditioning 4.3 The three-term relationship of operant conditioning 4.4 Stimulus generalization 4.5 Stimulus salience 4.6 The stimulus discrimination paradigm 4.7 Multiple and concurrent schedules of reinforcement 4.8 The effects of discrimination training 4.9 Inhibitory stimulus control 4.10 Stimulus equivalence 4.11 Summary

CHAPTER 5 Aversive contingencies

5.1 Escape from aversive stimuli 5.2 Avoidance behavior 5.3 Punishment 5.4 Aversive classical conditioning 5.5 The ethics of aversive contingencies 5.6 Summary

CHAPTER 6 Complex behavior: Concept acquisition, modeling, and verbal behavior

6.1 Concept acquisition: The example of learning sets 6.2 Conceptual behavior and discriminations 6.3 Arbitrary stimulus classes: Disjunctive concepts and equivalence classes 6.4 Polymorphous concepts and natural concepts 6.5 Rules as solutions to problems 6.6 Modeling 6.7 Reinforcement of modeling 6.8 Verbal behavior 6.9 Summary

CHAPTER 7 Assessing behavior in applied settings

7.1 A model for understanding and guiding behavioral assessment in applied settings 7.2 Selecting target behaviors 7.3 Defining the target behavior 7.4 Measuring and recording behaviors 7.5 Conducting observations 7.6 Reliability of assessment 7.7 Functional assessment and analysis of aberrant behavior 7.8 Functional assessment 7.9 Functional analysis 7.10 Summary

CHAPTER 8 Single-case experimental designs

8.1 Internal and external validity 8.2 Graphic display 8.3 Withdrawal or ABAB designs 8.4 Multiple baseline designs 8.5 Changing criterion designs 8.6 Alternating treatment designs 8.7 Summary

CHAPTER 9 Increasing Adaptive Behavior in Applied Settings

9.1 Increasing adaptive behavior using positive reinforcement 9.2 Selecting reinforcers 9.3 Optimizing reinforcer effectiveness 9.4 Token economies 9.5 Interim summary: Selecting reinforcers and implementing a reinforcement program 9.6 Using reinforcement to decrease maladaptive behavior 9.7 Establishing new behavioral repertoires 9.8 Fading response and stimulus prompts 9.9 Shaping 9.10 Chaining 9.11 Topographical changes in responding during extinction 9.12 Programming generalization of newly acquired skills 9.13 Negative reinforcement 9.14 Overall summary

CHAPTER 10 Decreasing maladaptive behavior in applied settings

10.1 Decreasing behavior using extinction 10.2 Matching extinction protocol to maintaining contingencies 10.3 Interim summary: Using extinction in applied settings 10.4 Punishment 10.5 Punishment techniques 10.6 Contingent removal of positive events 10.7 Contingent activity 10.8 Advantages and disadvantages of using punishment 10.9 Overall summary

CHAPTER 11 Behavior analysis: Current status and future directions

References index