Mastering Elixir by Caixinha, Daniel -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Title Page Copyright and Credits

Mastering Elixir

Dedication Packt Upsell

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Contributors

About the authors About the reviewer Packt is searching for authors like you

Preface

Who this book is for What this book covers To get the most out of this book

Download the example code files Conventions used

Get in touch

Reviews

Preparing for the Journey Ahead

Why functional programming? Elixir and Erlang Elixir's data types

Integers Floats Atoms Booleans Tuples Lists Maps Binaries Strings and charlists Other types

Keyword lists Ranges MapSets

Pattern matching

Pattern matching on tuples Pattern matching on lists Pattern matching on maps Pattern matching on binaries and strings

Functions and Modules

Anonymous functions Modules and Named Functions Module attributes, directives, and uses

Working with collections

Looping through recursion Eager processing with the Enum module

Comprehensions

Lazy processing with the stream module

Control flow

if and unless cond case with Exceptions

Typespecs and behaviours

Typespecs

Dialyzer

Behaviours

Protocols

Structs Bringing structs and protocols together

Tooling and ecosystems

IEx Mix ExUnit Erlang interoperability

Summary

Innards of an Elixir Project

Elixir applications Elixir project structure

Project dependencies

Umbrella projects ElixirDrip – our showcase application

Using behaviours Viewing cross references with xref

Adopting a consistent coding style Summary

Processes – The Bedrock of Concurrency and Fault Tolerance

Inside the BEAM Working with processes

Creating processes Message passing between processes Building a cache worker

Detecting errors by linking and monitoring processes

Using links Using monitors

Recovering from errors with supervisors and supervision trees

Defining and starting a supervisor

Streamlined child specs

Starting children at runtime using dynamic supervisors Minimizing error effects with supervision trees

Summary

GenServer

GenServer at your service Implementing a CacheWorker with GenServer Agent

Task

Parallel tasks

Using (D)ETS

Disk-based ETS

Registry Summary

Demand-Driven Processing

GenStage

The upload pipeline

The notifier stage The RemoteStorage stage The Encryption stage The Starter stage

The download pipeline

The Notifier stage The Encryption stage The RemoteStorage stage The Starter stage Final remarks

Flow

Sample data Lazy queries Disk-usage rank query

Summary

Metaprogramming – Code That Writes Itself

The abstract syntax tree Tinkering with macros

Hygienic accesses Famous (un)quotes

Macros – a silver bullet?

Extending modules

Using the use and __using__/1 macros

Creating a domain-specific language

Registering module attributes Collecting a list of pipeline steps Generating worker specs and subscription options

Producer stage ProducerConsumer and Consumer stages Collecting the pipeline worker specs Defining the supervisor functions

Streamlining GenStage modules

Simpler pipeline producers Simpler pipeline (producer) consumers

Macros cheat sheet Summary

Persisting Data Using Ecto

Connecting to the database Schemas and migrations

Schemas

Custom field types Users or media owners? Schema or not – that is the question

Migrations Relationships

Changesets

Media Users Media ownership Constraints

Queries

Media folder queries Loading schemas and their associations Queries with raw SQL Finding top users with aggregates

Summary

Phoenix – A Flying Web Framework

The Plug specification

Creating a module plug Creating a function plug

Routing requests Handling requests in a controller Rendering views

Layouts

Authenticating users Implementing a JSON API

Authenticating users in the API

Interactive applications using channels

Preparing the server Joining channels on the client Exchanging events Authenticating socket connections Tracking users statuses using Presence

Summary

Finding Zen through Testing

Unit testing

Testing functions without side-effects Testing functions with side-effects

Creating mocks with Mox Testing interactions with the repository separately

Testing the documentation

Integration testing Testing Phoenix Channels Testing macros Property-based testing Summary

Deploying to the Cloud

Releasing with Distillery

Configuring the release

Interpolating environment variables

Creating the release Creating a custom release task

Containerizing our application

Creating a development container Orchestrating more than one container Composing the deployment containers

Deploying to Kubernetes

Configuring the cloud database Creating a namespace Creating secrets Publishing the production image Deploying your first pod

Creating a Kubernetes job

Exposing your pods to the world

Continuous deployment with Travis CI Connecting the deployed Elixir nodes

Testing the connected nodes

Summary

Keeping an Eye on Your Processes

Collecting metrics

Exposing Prometheus metrics Creating custom Prometheus metrics Local Prometheus server Deploying Prometheus in Kubernetes Calculating percentiles

Setting Grafana variables

A window to your nodes

Connecting to a containerized node Connecting to an Erlang node running in Kubernetes

Using a remote shell

Inspecting application behavior

Profiling with the fprof profiler Tracing with the :dbg module

Summary

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