Learning PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript by Nixon, Robin -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Learning PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript

Preface

Audience Assumptions This Book Makes Organization of This Book Supporting Books Conventions Used in This Book Using Code Examples We’d Like to Hear from You Safari® Books Online Acknowledgments

1. Introduction to Dynamic Web Content

HTTP and HTML: Berners-Lee’s Basics

The Request/Response Procedure

The Benefits of PHP, MySQL, and JavaScript

Using PHP Using MySQL Using JavaScript

The Apache Web Server About Open Source Bringing It All Together Test Your Knowledge: Questions

2. Setting Up a Development Server

What Is a WAMP, MAMP, or LAMP? Installing a WAMP on Windows

Overcoming Installation Problems Testing the Installation Alternative WAMPs

Installing a MAMP on Mac OS X

Some Final Tweaking Other Alternatives

Installing a LAMP on Linux Working Remotely

Logging In Using FTP

Using a Program Editor Using an IDE Test Your Knowledge: Questions

3. Introduction to PHP

Incorporating PHP Within HTML

Calling the PHP Parser

This Book’s Examples The Structure of PHP

Using Comments Basic Syntax

Semicolons The $ symbol

Understanding Variables

String variables Numeric variables Arrays Two-dimensional arrays Variable naming rules

Operators

Arithmetic operators Assignment operators Comparison operators Logical operators

Variable Assignment

Variable incrementing and decrementing String concatenation String types Escaping characters

Multiple-Line Commands Variable Typing Constants

Predefined constants

The Difference Between the echo and print Commands Functions Variable Scope

Local variables Global variables Static variables Superglobal variables Superglobals and security

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

4. Expressions and Control Flow in PHP

Expressions

Literals and Variables

Operators

Operator Precedence Associativity Relational Operators

Equality Comparison operators Logical operators

Conditionals

The if Statement The else Statement The elseif Statement The switch Statement

Breaking out Default action Alternative syntax

The ? Operator

Looping

while Loops do...while Loops for Loops Breaking Out of a Loop The continue Statement

Implicit and Explicit Casting PHP Dynamic Linking

Dynamic Linking in Action

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

5. PHP Functions and Objects

PHP Functions

Defining a Function Returning a Value Returning an Array Passing by Reference Returning Global Variables Recap of Variable Scope

Including and Requiring Files

The include Statement Using include_once Using require and require_once

PHP Version Compatibility PHP Objects

Terminology Declaring a Class Creating an Object Accessing Objects

Cloning objects

Constructors

PHP 5 destructors

Writing Methods

Static methods in PHP 5

Declaring Properties Declaring Constants Property and Method Scope in PHP 5

Static properties and methods

Inheritance

The parent operator Subclass constructors Final methods

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

6. PHP Arrays

Basic Access

Numerically Indexed Arrays Associative Arrays Assignment Using the array Keyword

The foreach...as Loop Multidimensional Arrays Using Array Functions

is_array() count() sort() shuffle() explode() extract() compact() reset() end()

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

7. Practical PHP

Using printf

Precision Setting String Padding Using sprintf

Date and Time Functions

Date Constants Using checkdate

File Handling

Checking Whether a File Exists Creating a File Reading from Files Copying Files Moving a File Deleting a File Updating Files Locking Files for Multiple Accesses Reading an Entire File Uploading Files

Using $_FILES Validation

System Calls XHTML

The Benefits of XHTML XHTML Versions What’s Different? HTML 4.01 Document Types XHTML 1.0 Document Types XHTML Validation

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

8. Introduction to MySQL

MySQL Basics Summary of Database Terms Accessing MySQL via the Command Line

Starting the Command-Line Interface

Windows users Mac OS X users Linux users MySQL on a remote server

Using the Command-Line Interface

The semicolon Canceling a command

MySQL Commands

Creating a database Creating users Creating a table

Data Types

The CHAR data type The BINARY data type The TEXT and VARCHAR data types The BLOB data type Numeric data types DATE and TIME The AUTO_INCREMENT data type Adding data to a table Renaming a table Changing the data type of a column Adding a new column Renaming a column Removing a column Deleting a table

Indexes

Creating an Index

Using CREATE INDEX Adding indexes when creating tables Primary keys Creating a FULLTEXT index

Querying a MySQL Database

SELECT SELECT COUNT SELECT DISTINCT DELETE WHERE LIMIT MATCH...AGAINST MATCH...AGAINST...IN BOOLEAN MODE UPDATE...SET ORDER BY GROUP BY

Joining Tables Together

NATURAL JOIN JOIN...ON Using AS

Using Logical Operators

MySQL Functions Accessing MySQL via phpMyAdmin

Windows Users Mac OS X Users Linux Users Using phpMyAdmin

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

9. Mastering MySQL

Database Design

Primary Keys: The Keys to Relational Databases

Normalization

First Normal Form Second Normal Form Third Normal Form When Not to Use Normalization

Relationships

One-to-One One-to-Many Many-to-Many Databases and Anonymity

Transactions

Transaction Storage Engines Using BEGIN Using COMMIT Using ROLLBACK

Using EXPLAIN Backing Up and Restoring

Using mysqldump Creating a Backup File Restoring from a Backup File Dumping Data in CSV Format Planning Your Backups

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

10. Accessing MySQL Using PHP

Querying a MySQL Database with PHP

The Process Creating a Login File Connecting to MySQL

Selecting a database Building and executing a query Fetching a result Fetching a row Closing a connection

A Practical Example

The $_POST Array Deleting a Record Displaying the Form Querying the Database Running the Program

Practical MySQL

Creating a Table Describing a Table Dropping a Table Adding Data Retrieving Data Updating Data Deleting Data Using AUTO_INCREMENT

Using insert IDs

Performing Additional Queries Preventing SQL Injection

Using placeholders

Preventing HTML Injection

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

11. Form Handling

Building Forms Retrieving Submitted Data

register_globals: An Old Solution Hangs On Default Values Input Types Text Boxes Text Areas Checkboxes Radio Buttons Hidden Fields Select Labels

The submit button

Sanitizing Input

An Example Program Test Your Knowledge: Questions

12. Templating with Smarty

Why Smarty? Installation Creating Scripts Creating Templates A Practical Example Test Your Knowledge: Questions

13. Cookies, Sessions, and Authentication

Using Cookies in PHP

Setting a Cookie Accessing a Cookie Destroying a Cookie

HTTP Authentication

Storing Usernames and Passwords Salting

Using Sessions

Starting a Session Ending a Session

Setting a timeout

Session Security

Preventing session hijacking Preventing session fixation Forcing cookie-only sessions Using a shared server

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

14. Exploring JavaScript

JavaScript and HTML Text

Using Scripts Within a Document Head Older and Nonstandard Browsers Including JavaScript Files Debugging JavaScript Errors

Using Comments Semicolons Variables

String Variables Numeric Variables Arrays

Operators

Arithmetic Operators Assignment Operators Comparison Operators Logical Operators Variable Incrementing and Decrementing String Concatenation Escaping Characters

Variable Typing Functions Global Variables

Local Variables

The Document Object Model

Browser Incompatibilities

Another use for the $ sign

Using the DOM

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

15. Expressions and Control Flow in JavaScript

Expressions

Literals and Variables

Operators

Operator Precedence Associativity Relational Operators

Equality operators Comparison operators Logical operators

The with Statement Using onError Using try...catch Conditionals

The if Statement

The else statement

The switch Statement

Breaking out Default action

The ? Operator

Looping

while Loops do...while Loops for Loops Breaking Out of a Loop The continue Statement

Explicit Casting Test Your Knowledge: Questions

16. JavaScript Functions, Objects, and Arrays

JavaScript Functions

Defining a Function

The arguments array

Returning a Value Returning an Array

JavaScript Objects

Declaring a Class Creating an Object Accessing Objects The prototype Keyword

Static methods and properties Extending JavaScript objects

JavaScript Arrays

Numeric Arrays

Assigning element values Assignment using the array keyword

Associative Arrays Multidimensional Arrays Using Array Methods

concat forEach: For non-IE browsers forEach: A cross-browser solution join push and pop Using reverse sort

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

17. JavaScript and PHP Validation and Error Handling

Validating User Input with JavaScript

The validate.html Document (Part One)

How it works

The validate.html Document (Part Two)

Validating the forename Validating the surname Validating the username Validating the password Validating the age Validating the email Using a separate JavaScript file

Regular Expressions

Matching Through Metacharacters Fuzzy Character Matching Grouping Through Parentheses Character Classes Indicating a Range Negation Some More Complicated Examples Summary of Metacharacters General Modifiers Using Regular Expressions in JavaScript Using Regular Expressions in PHP

Redisplaying a Form After PHP Validation Test Your Knowledge: Questions

18. Using Ajax

What Is Ajax? Using XMLHttpRequest

Your First Ajax Program

The readyState property The server half of the Ajax process

Using GET Instead of POST Sending XML Requests

About XML Why use XML?

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

19. Using YUI for Ajax and More

Choosing a Framework Using YUI

Compressed Versions Using YUI for Ajax

Including the framework files The YUI asyncRequest method An Ajax GET example using YUI An Ajax XML example using YUI

Other Uses for YUI

A Simple YUI Calendar

Test Your Knowledge: Questions

20. Bringing It All Together

Designing a Social Networking Site

About Third-Party Add-Ons

On the Website rnfunctions.php

The Functions

rnheader.php rnsetup.php index.php rnsignup.php

Checking for Username Availability

rnsignup.php (YUI version) rncheckuser.php rnlogin.php rnprofile.php

Adding the “About Me” Text Adding a Profile Image Processing the Image Displaying the Current Profile

rnmembers.php

Viewing a User’s Profile Adding and Dropping Friends Listing All Members

rnfriends.php rnmessages.php rnlogout.php

A. Solutions to the Chapter Questions

Chapter 1 Answers Chapter 2 Answers Chapter 3 Answers Chapter 4 Answers Chapter 5 Answers Chapter 6 Answers Chapter 7 Answers Chapter 8 Answers Chapter 9 Answers Chapter 10 Answers Chapter 11 Answers Chapter 12 Answers Chapter 13 Answers Chapter 14 Answers Chapter 15 Answers Chapter 16 Answers Chapter 17 Answers Chapter 18 Answers Chapter 19 Answers

B. Online Resources

PHP Resource Sites MySQL Resource Sites JavaScript Resource Sites Ajax Resource Sites Miscellaneous Resource Sites O’Reilly Resource Sites

C. MySQL’s FULLTEXT Stopwords D. MySQL Functions

String Functions

CONCAT() CONCAT_WS() LEFT() RIGHT() MID() LENGTH() LPAD() RPAD LOCATE() LOWER() UPPER() QUOTE() REPEAT() REPLACE() TRIM() LTRIM() and RTRIM()

Date Functions

CURDATE() DATE() DATE_ADD() DATE_FORMAT() DAY() DAYNAME() DAYOFWEEK() DAYOFYEAR() LAST_DAY() MAKEDATE() MONTH() MONTHNAME() SYSDATE() YEAR() WEEK() WEEKDAY()

Time Functions

CURTIME() HOUR() MINUTE() SECOND() MAKETIME() TIMEDIFF() UNIX_TIMESTAMP() FROM_UNIXTIME()

E. Using PEAR and PHPUnit

Installation

Windows Mac OS Linux/Unix

Creating a Connect Instance

Querying Fetching a Row Closing a Connection

Rewriting Example 10-8 to Use PEAR Adding Other PEAR Packages Unit Testing with PHPUnit

Index Colophon

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