A History of the Arab Peoples by Hourani, Albert -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Title Page Dedication List of Maps Preface Acknowledgements Note on Spelling Note on Dates Prologue PART I THE MAKING OF A WORLD ( SEVENTH – TENTH CENTURY ) 1 A New Power in an Old World

The world into which the Arabs came The language of poetry Muhammad and the appearance of Islam

2 The Formation of an Empire

The succession to Muhammad: the conquest of an empire The caliphate of Damascus The caliphate of Baghdad

3 The Formation of a Society

The end of political unity A unified society: the economic bases Unity of faith and language The Islamic world

4 The Articulation of Islam

The question of authority The power and justice of God The shari‘a The Traditions of the Prophet The path of the mystics The path of reason

PART II ARAB MUSLIM SOCIETIES ( ELEVENTH – FIFTEENTH CENTURY ) 5 The Arab Muslim World

States and dynasties Arabs, Persians and Turks Geographical divisions Muslim Arabs and others

6 The Countryside

Land and its use Tribal societies

7 The Life of Cities

Markets and cities The city population Law and the ‘ ulama Slaves Muslims and non-Muslims in the city Women in the city The shape of the city Houses in the city The chain of cities

8 Cities and Their Rulers

The formation of dynasties The alliance of interests Control of the countryside Ideas of political authority

9 Ways of Islam

The Pillars of Islam The friends of God

10 The Culture of the ‘Ulama

The ‘ ulama and the shari ‘ a The transmission of learning Kalam Al-Ghazali

11 Divergent Paths of Thought

Islam of the philosophers Ibn ‘Arabi and theosophy Ibn Taymiyya and the Hanbali tradition The development of Shi‘ism Jewish and Christian learning

12 The Culture of Courts and People

Rulers and patrons Poetry and story Music Understanding the world

PART III THE OTTOMAN AGE ( SIXTEENTH – EIGHTEENTH CENTURY ) 13 The Ottoman Empire

The limits of political power Ottoman government The Ottomans and Islamic tradition Government in the Arab provinces

14 Ottoman Societies

Population and wealth in the empire The Arab provinces The culture of the Arab provinces Beyond the empire: Arabia, the Sudan, Morocco

15 The Changing Balance of Power in the Eighteenth Century

Central and local authorities Arab Ottoman society and culture The world of Islam Changing relations with Europe

PART IV THE AGE OF EUROPEAN EMPIRES (1800–1939) 16 European Power and Reforming Governments (1800–1860)

The expansion of Europe The beginnings of European empire Reforming governments

17 European Empires and Dominant Élites (1860–1914)

The limits of independence The partition of Africa: Egypt and the Maghrib The alliance of dominant interests Control of the land The condition of the people The dual society

18 The Culture of Imperialism and Reform

The culture of imperialism The rise of the intelligentsia The culture of reform The emergence of nationalism The continuity of Islamic tradition

19 The Climax of European Power (1914–1939)

The supremacy of Great Britain and France The primacy of British and French interests Immigrants and the land The growth of the indigenous élite Attempts at political agreement

20 Changing Ways of Life and Thought (1914–1939)

Population and the countryside Life in the new cities The culture of nationalism Islam of the élite and the masses

PART V THE AGE OF NATION - STATES ( SINCE 1939) 21 The End of the Empires (1939–1962)

The Second World War National independence (1945–1956) The Suez crisis The Algerian war

22 Changing Societies (1940s and 1950s)

Population and economic growth The profits of growth: merchants and landowners The power of the state Rich and poor in the city

23 National Culture (1940s and 1950s)

Problems of education Language and self-expression Islamic movements

24 The Climax of Arabism (1950s and 1960s)

Popular nationalism The ascendancy of Nasirism The crisis of 1967

25 Arab Unity and Disunity (since 1967)

The crisis of 1973 The predominance of American influence The interdependence of Arab countries Arab disunity

26 A Disturbance of Spirits (since 1967)

Ethnic and religious divisions Rich and poor Women in society A heritage and its renewal The stability of regimes The fragility of regimes

Afterword 2002 Maps Tables

The Family of the Prophet The Shi‘i Imams The Caliphs Important Dynasties Ruling Families in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries Bibliography Index of Terms Index About the Author Copyright

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