Regulating Content on Social Media by Tan, Corinne -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Prologue Acknowledgements Contents List of tables Introduction

I. Regulation on social media II. Regulation of content-generative behaviours from a copyright perspective III. Approach IV. Structure Notes

Chapter One: Scope of study and a day in the life of Jane Doe

I. Defining social media and user-generated content II. Choice of social media platforms III. A day in the life of Jane IV. Conclusion Notes

Chapter Two: Regulation by copyright laws

I. Relevant copyright standards

A. Subsistence: works and other subject matter protected by copyright B. Subsistence: originality C. Subsistence: authorship D. Subsistence: fixation, recording or reduction to material form E. Infringement: scope of protection F. Infringement: other rights G. Infringement: remedies H. Infringement: fair use and fair dealing exceptions I. Conflict of laws issues J. Summary

II. Scenario one: the application of copyright laws

A. Jane’s use of the music video clip on YouTube as her morning alarm B. Jane’s ‘pinning’ of the YouTube music video clip on her pin-board titled ‘My Favourite Things’ on Pinterest C. Jane’s use of Evangeline’s earlier commentary on Facebook to create her own commentary D. Jane’s use of multiple photographs of newborn babies available on the pin-boards of other Pinterest users to create a collage to share on Pinterest E. Jane’s simultaneous sharing of the collage on Facebook and Twitter F. Jane’s sharing of the same collage in her blog post on WordPress G. Zee’s contribution to Wikipedia on ‘income inequality’ using what Jane has written H. Jane’s creation and sharing of a new video clip by way of ‘vidding’ on YouTube, and subsequently on Facebook I. Cheryl’s use of ‘stills’ from Jane’s video clip as thumbnail images on her website J. Other users’ partial use of Jane’s collage to create their own, and sharing the same on Pinterest, Facebook and Twitter K. Editor Jasper’s use of Jane’s collage on the cover page of his magazine

III. Conclusion Notes

Chapter Three: Application of the terms of service

I. Terms of service

A. Ownership and licensing

1. Facebook 2. Pinterest 3. YouTube 4. Twitter 5. Wikipedia 6. Observations

B. Copyright policy

1. Facebook 2. Pinterest 3. YouTube 4. Twitter 5. Wikipedia 6. Observations

C. Indemnification and limitation of liability

1. Facebook 2. Pinterest 3. YouTube 4. Twitter 5. Wikipedia 6. Observations

D. Governing law and jurisdiction

1. Facebook 2. Pinterest 3. YouTube 4. Twitter 5. Wikipedia 6. Observations

E. Summary

II. Scenario two: the application of the terms of service

A. Jane’s use of the music video clip on YouTube as her morning alarm B. Jane’s ‘pinning’ of the YouTube music video clip on her pin-board titled ‘My Favourite Things’ on Pinterest C. Jane’s use of Evangeline’s earlier commentary on Facebook to create her own commentary D. Jane’s use of multiple photographs of newborn babies available on the pin-boards of other Pinterest users to create a collage to share on Pinterest E. Jane’s simultaneous sharing of the collage on Facebook and Twitter F. Jane’s use of the same collage in her blog post on WordPress G. Zee’s contribution to Wikipedia on ‘income inequality’ using what Jane has written H. Jane’s creation and sharing of a new video clip by way of ‘vidding’ on YouTube and subsequently on Facebook I. Cheryl’s use of ‘stills’ from Jane’s video clip as thumbnail images on her website J. Other users’ partial use of Jane’s collage to create their own, and sharing the same on Pinterest, Facebook and Twitter K. Editor Jasper’s use of Jane’s collage on the cover page of his magazine

III. Relationship with the copyright regimes

A. Alignment with the copyright regimes B. Potential incompatibilities with the copyright regimes

1. Vesting of ‘ownership’ under the terms of service 2. Imposition of the terms of service on third parties 3. Choice of governing law and jurisdiction

IV. Conclusion Notes

Chapter Four: Influence of the technological features

I. Technological features

A. Technological features that encourage content-generative activities

1. Creation 2. Modification 3. Dissemination

B. Technological features that constrain content-generative activities

1. Limiting the modification of content 2. Limiting the opportunities to engage in further content-generative activities 3. Allowing for requests to remove content 4. Filtering content

C. Summary

II. Scenario three: the influence of the technological features

A. Jane’s use of the music video clip on YouTube as her morning alarm B. Jane’s ‘pinning’ of the YouTube music video clip on her pin-board titled ‘My Favourite Things’ on Pinterest C. Jane’s use of Evangeline’s earlier commentary on Facebook to create her own commentary D. Jane’s use of multiple photographs of newborn babies available on the pin-boards of other Pinterest users to create a collage to share on Pinterest E. Jane’s simultaneous sharing of the collage on Facebook and Twitter F. Jane’s use of the same collage in her blog post on WordPress G. Zee’s contribution to Wikipedia on ‘income inequality’ using what Jane has written H. Jane’s creation and sharing of a new video clip by way of ‘vidding’ on YouTube, and subsequently on Facebook I. Cheryl’s use of ‘stills’ from Jane’s video clip as thumbnail images on her website J. Other users’ partial use of Jane’s collage to create their own, and sharing the same on Pinterest, Facebook and Twitter K. Editor Jasper’s use of Jane’s collage on the cover page of his magazine

III. Relationship with the copyright regimes

A. Attribution of generator of content B. Notice and takedown mechanisms C. Filtering out content

IV. Conclusion Notes

Chapter Five: How the terms of service and technological features affect copyright’s regulation of content-generative behaviours

I. Perceptions and awareness of copyright laws

A. Prior studies

1. Perceived irrelevance and poor understanding of copyright laws 2. Expectation that digital content is free 3. Greater impact of perceptions on compliance with copyright laws

B. Users’ perceptions and awareness of copyright laws C. Terms of service and users’ awareness of copyright laws D. Technological features and users’ perceptions of copyright laws

II. Scenario four: regulation by copyright laws, the terms of service and technological features

A. Jane’s use of the music video clip on YouTube as her morning alarm B. Jane’s ‘pinning’ of the YouTube music video clip on her pin-board titled ‘My Favourite Things’ on Pinterest C. Jane’s use of Evangeline’s earlier commentary on Facebook to create her own commentary D. Jane’s use of multiple photographs of newborn babies available on the pin-boards of other Pinterest users to create a collage to share on Pinterest E. Jane’s simultaneous sharing of the collage on Facebook and Twitter F. Jane’s use of the same collage in her blog post on WordPress G. Zee’s contribution to Wikipedia on ‘income inequality’ using what Jane has written H. Jane’s creation and sharing of a new video clip by way of ‘vidding’ on YouTube, and subsequently on Facebook I. Cheryl’s use of ‘stills’ from Jane’s video clip as thumbnail images on her website J. Other users’ partial use of Jane’s collage to create their own, then sharing the same on Pinterest, Facebook and Twitter K. Editor Jasper’s use of Jane’s collage on the cover page of his magazine L. Concluding observations

III. Regulation of content-generative behaviours by copyright laws IV. Conclusion Notes

Conclusion

I. Fairness from a user’s perspective II. Why regulating social media matters Notes

Bibliography

I Articles/Books/Reports II Cases III Legislation IV Treaties/Supranational materials V Others

Appendix 1: Screenshots of the technological features Index

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