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Index
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Preface
Preface to the Second Edition
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1: Introduction
References
Part I: Polymer Fundamentals
Chapter 2: Types of Polymers
2.1 Reaction to Temperature
2.2 Chemistry of Synthesis
2.3 Structure
2.4 Conclusions
Reference
Chapter 3: Molecular Structure of Polymers
3.1 Types of Bonds
3.2 Bond Distances and Strengths
3.3 Bonding and Response to Temperature
3.4 Action of Solvents
3.5 Bonding and Molecular Structure
3.6 Stereoisomerism in Vinyl Polymers
3.7 Stereoisomerism in Diene Polymers
3.8 Summary
References
Chapter 4: Polymer Morphology
4.1 Amorphous and Crystalline Polymers
4.2 The Effect of Polymer Structure, Temperature, and Solvent on Crystallinity
4.3 The Effect of Crystallinity on Polymer Density
4.4 The Effect of Crystallinity on Mechanical Properties
4.5 The Effect of Crystallinity on Optical Properties
4.6 Models for the Crystalline Structure of Polymers
4.7 Extended Chain Crystals
4.8 Liquid Crystal Polymers 11
References
Chapter 5: Characterization of Molecular Weight
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Average Molecular Weights
5.3 Determination of Average Molecular Weights
5.4 Molecular Weight Distributions
5.5 Gel Permeation (Or Size-Exclusion) Chromatography (GPC, SEC) [7]
5.6 Summary
References
Chapter 6: Thermal Transitions in Polymers
6.1 Introduction
6.2 The Glass Transition
6.3 Molecular Motions in an Amorphous Polymer
6.4 Determination of Tg
6.5 Factors that Influence Tg [4]
6.6 The Effect of Copolymerization on Tg
6.7 The Thermodynamics of Melting
6.8 The Metastable Amorphous State
6.9 The Influence of Copolymerization on Thermal Properties
6.10 Effect of Additives on Thermal Properties
6.11 General Observations About Tg AND Tm
6.12 Effects of Crosslinking
6.13 Thermal Degradation of Polymers
6.14 Other Thermal Transitions
References
Chapter 7: Polymer Solubility and Solutions
7.1 Introduction
7.2 General Rules for Polymer Solubility
7.3 Typical Phase Behavior in Polymer–Solvent Systems
7.4 The Thermodynamic Basis of Polymer Solubility
7.5 The Solubility Parameter
7.6 Hansen's Three-Dimensional Solubility Parameter
7.7 The Flory–Huggins Theory
7.8 Properties of Dilute Solutions
7.9 Polymer–Polmyer-Common Solvent Systems
7.10 Polymer Solutions, Suspensions, and Emulsions
7.11 Concentrated Solutions: Plasticizers
Problems
References
Part II: Polymer Synthesis
Chapter 8: Step-Growth (Condensation) Polymerization
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Statistics of Linear Step-Growth Polymerization
8.3 Number-Average Chain Lengths
8.4 Chain Lengths on a Weight Basis
8.5 Gel Formation
8.6 Kinetics of Polycondensation
Problems
References
Chapter 9: Free-radical Addition (Chain-Growth) Polymerization
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Mechanism of Polymerization
9.3 Gelation in Addition Polymerization
9.4 Kinetics of Homogeneous Polymerization
9.5 Instantaneous Average Chain Lengths
9.6 Temperature Dependence of Rate and Chain Length
9.7 Chain Transfer and Reaction Inhibitors
9.8 Instantaneous Distributions in Free-Radical Addition Polymerization
9.9 Instantaneous Quantities
9.10 Cumulative Quantities
9.11 Relations Between Instantaneous and Cumulative Average Chain Lengths for A Batch Reactor
9.12 Emulsion Polymerization
9.13 Kinetics of Emulsion Polymerization in Stage II, Case 2
9.14 Summary
Problems
References
Chapter 10: Advanced Polymerization Methods
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Cationic Polymerization [1–4]
10.3 Anionic Polymerization [5–7]
10.4 Kinetics of Anionic Polymerization [5, 6, 9]
10.5 Group-Transfer Polymerization
10.6 Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
10.7 Heterogeneous Stereospecific Polymerization [13--15]
10.8 Grafted Polymer Surfaces
10.9 Summary
References
Chapter 11: Copolymerization
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Mechanism
11.3 Significance of Reactivity Ratios
11.4 Variation of Composition with Conversion
11.5 Copolymerization Kinetics
11.6 Penultimate Effects and Charge-Transfer Complexes
11.7 Summary
References
Chapter 12: Polymerization Practice
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Bulk Polymerization
12.3 Gas-Phase Olefin Polymerization
12.4 Solution Polymerization
12.5 Interfacial Polycondensation
12.6 Suspension Polymerization
12.7 Emulsion Polymerization
12.8 Summary
References
Part III: Polymer Properties
Chapter 13: Rubber Elasticity
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Thermodynamics of Elasticity
13.3 Statistics of Ideal Rubber Elasticity [1,2,5]
13.4 Summary
References
Chapter 14: Introduction to Viscous Flow and the Rheological Behavior of Polymers
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Basic Definitions
14.3 Relations Between Shear Force and Shear Rate: Flow Curves
14.4 Time-Dependent Flow Behavior
14.5 Polymer Melts and Solutions
14.6 Quantitative Representation of Flow Behavior
14.7 Temperature Dependence of Flow Properties
14.8 Influence of Molecular Weight on Flow Properties
14.9 The Effects of Pressure on Viscosity
14.10 Viscous Energy Dissipation
14.11 Poiseuille Flow
14.12 Turbulent Flow
14.13 Drag Reduction
14.14 Summary
Problems
References
Chapter 15: Linear Viscoelasticity
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Mechanical Models for Linear Viscoelastic Response
15.3 The Four-Parameter Model and Molecular Response
15.4 Viscous or Elastic Response? The Deborah Number [1]
15.5 Quantitative Approaches to Model Viscoelasticity [2–5]
15.6 The Boltzmann Superposition Principle
15.7 Dynamic Mechanical Testing
15.8 Summary
Problems
References
Chapter 16: Polymer Mechanical Properties
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Mechanical Properties of Polymers
16.3 Axial Tensiometers
16.4 Viscosity Measurement
16.5 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis: Techniques
16.6 Time–Temperature Superposition
16.7 Summary
Problems
References
Part IV: Polymer Processing and Performance
Chapter 17: Processing
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Molding
17.3 Extrusion [14–17]
17.4 Blow Molding [18]
17.5 Rotational, Fluidized-Bed, and Slush Molding
17.6 Calendering
17.7 Sheet Forming (Thermoforming) [19, 20]
17.8 Stamping
17.9 Solution Casting
17.10 Casting
17.11 Reinforced Thermoset Molding
17.12 Fiber Spinning
17.13 Compounding
17.14 Lithography
17.15 Three-Dimensional (Rapid) Prototyping
17.16 Summary
Problems
References
Chapter 18: Polymer Applications: Plastics and Plastic Additives
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Plastics
18.3 Mechanical Properties of Plastics
18.4 Contents of Plastic Compounds
18.5 Sheet Molding Compound for Plastics
18.6 Plastics Recycling
References
Chapter 19: Polymer Applications: Rubbers and Thermoplastic Elastomers
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Thermoplastic Elastomers [1, 2]
19.3 Contents of Rubber Compounds
19.4 Rubber Compounding [7, 8]
References
Chapter 20: Polymer Applications: Synthetic Fibers
20.1 Synthetic Fibers
20.2 Fiber Processing
20.3 Fiber Dyeing
20.4 Other Fiber Additives and Treatments
20.5 Effects of Heat and Moisture on Polymer Fibers
Chapter 21: Polymer Applications: Surface Finishes and Coatings
21.1 Surface Finishes
21.2 Solventless Coatings
21.3 Electrodeposition [5, 6]
21.4 Microencapsulation
References
Chapter 22: Polymer Applications: Adhesives
22.1 Adhesives
References
Index
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