A Companion to the Roman Republic by Rosenstein, Nathan -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Title page Copyright Dedication List of Maps List of Illustrations Notes on Contributors Maps Abbreviations Preface PART I: Introductory

CHAPTER 1: Methods, Models, and Historiography

The Heroes of the Past: Mommsen, Gelzer, Syme Prosopographical Method and the Importance of Personal Relations in Roman Politics New Concepts: “Crisis” and “Historical Process” New Methods: Comparative Studies of the Lower Class and Demographic Modeling The Decline of Patronage as a Comprehensive Explanation and the “Communicative Turn” The Struggle for Democracy Elite Continuity and Senatorial Influence Assemblies Public Politics Looking at the Roman Republic from the Present Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 2: Literary Sources

Ideological Histories A Late Bloom… Making a Roman Past “Making a Roman Past” Guide to Further Reading Acknowledgments Notes

CHAPTER 3: Epigraphy and Numismatics

Epigraphy Numismatics Guide to Further Reading Acknowledgments Notes

CHAPTER 4: The Topography and Archaeology of Republican Rome

The Beginnings of the Republic The Patrician Republic The Middle Republican Phase Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 5: The Physical Geography and Environment of Republican Italy

Introduction The Broad Structural Outlines The Northern Apennines The Central Apennines The Pre-Apennines of Latium and Campania The Southern Apennines The Apulian Plateaux The Calabrian Apennines Plains and Coasts The Implications of Landscape Relief The Maritime Approaches Geography and History Guide to Further Reading Notes

PART II: Narrative

CHAPTER 6: Between Myth and History: Rome’s Rise from Village to Empire (the Eighth Century to 264)

The Wolf and the Twins Myths Tradition and Distortion Consequences and Principles Outlines of a History Early Republic: crisis and expansion The Wolf as a Symbol Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 7: The Mediterranean Empire (264–134)

The First Punic War (264–241) Italy and Illyria, 241–219 The Second Punic War (218–201) Rome and the Mediterranean World, 201–134 Rome, 201–134 Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 8: From the Gracchi to the First Civil War (133–70)

The Ghost of Tarquinius, 133 The Allied Question, 132–124 The Great Reformer, 123–121 The Confidence Gap, 121–105 The Savior of Italy, 104–98 The Unification of Italy, 97–89 The March on Rome, 88 The First Civil War, 87–82 Sulla the Fortunate, 82–78 The Last, Best Hope? 78–70 Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 9: The Final Crisis (69–44)

A New Beginning Pompey the Great Cicero and the Catilinarian Conspiracy The Return of Pompey The First Triumvirate The Conference at Luca Caesar in Gaul The Outbreak of Civil War Dictator Guide to Further Reading Notes

PART III: Civic Structures

CHAPTER 10: Communicating with the Gods

Superhuman Members of Society Parting with the Gods Paying for the Gods The Presence of the Gods Sharing Time Communicating with the Gods Legitimizing Men Involving All Excluding Others Conclusion Guide to Further Reading Acknowledgments Notes

CHAPTER 11: Law in the Roman Republic

Evidence Chronology Sources of Law Custom Private Law and the Praetor’s Law Criminal Law Law outside Rome The Jurisconsults The Advocates Jurisconsults and Advocates Guide to Further Reading Acknowledgments >Notes

CHAPTER 12: The Constitution of the Roman Republic

Introduction Early Developments Constitutional Working in the Late Republic Change and Conflict Characterizing the Roman System Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 13: Army and Society

Introduction Battles and Raids in Early Rome Hoplites and Citizens in the Early and Middle Republic The Conquest of Italy (c.400–270) Overseas Expansion (264–149) Managing Military Manpower during the Mid-Republic The Food Supply of the Roman Armies in the Middle Republic The Aftermath of Success: Crisis or Change? The Army of the Late Republic Masters of the State Epilog Guide to Further Reading Notes

PART IV: Society

CHAPTER 14: Social Structure and Demography

Cicero’s Rome Orders and Status Groups Relations of Production Domination and Dependence Demography and Decline Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 15: Finding Roman Women

Guide to Further Reading Notes

PART V: Political Culture

CHAPTER 16: The City of Rome

Introduction Elite Political Competition at Rome The Growth of the Metropolis Living Conditions in the City The Changing Nature of Political Space Supplying Rome’s Needs Conclusion Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 17: Aristocratic Values

Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 18: Popular Power in the Roman Republic

The Nature of the Debate The Senatorial Perspective Cicero’s Laws and the People’s Power Playing the “Popular” Card Popular Legitimacy and the Stability of the System Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 19: Patronage

Patronage, the Exchange of Favors, and Social Harmony The Duty of Assistance Patronage and the Networks of Power Patronage and Careers Conclusion Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 20: Rhetoric and Public Life

Circumstances and Conditions of Civic Oratory The Development of the Art of Oratory and Efforts to Control its Power Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 21: The Republican Body

A Body Politic with Two Political Bodies Body and Soul Creating Us and Them Questioning the Truth of Nature Guide to Further Reading Acknowledgments Notes

PART VI: The Creation of a Roman Identity

CHAPTER 22: Romans and Others

Hellenic Traditions and Roman Origins Pythagoras and Rome Manumission and Incorporation Alien Cults and Institutions Phoenicians and Carthaginians The Gallic Impression People of Color The Jewish Presence Conclusion Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 23: History and Collective Memory in the Middle Republic

Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 24: Art and Architecture in the Roman Republic

Architecture Art Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 25: Literature

Introduction Beginnings Roman Comedy “Satire is Wholly Roman” – Quintillian National History – Satiric History Oratory and the Rhetoric of Advocacy Catullan Lyric and the Individual Voice “Roman Philosophy” Conclusion Guide to Further Reading Notes

PART VII: Controversies

CHAPTER 26: Conceptualizing Roman Imperial Expansion under the Republic: An Introduction

Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 27: The Economy: Agrarian Change During the Second Century

Sources and Obstacles Slaves and Peasants: Approaches and Problems Toward a New Interpretation? Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 28: Rome and Italy

Introduction Rome’s Conquest of Italy in the Late Fourth and Early Third Centuries The Italians and the Consequences of Imperial Expansion Tensions between Rome and Italy: The “Social War” Italy in the Aftermath of the Social War Peasants, Slaves, and the Changing Face of Italian Agriculture Tota Italia Guide to Further Reading Notes

CHAPTER 29: The Transformation of the Republic

Defining the Problem Three Influential Modern Theories Coming Unglued: The Loss of Elite Cohesion Guide to Further Reading Notes

Bibliography Index

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