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Index
Cover Page
Title Page
Preface
Acknowledgments
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to Advanced Avionics
Introduction
How To Operate Advanced Avionics Systems
Which Advanced Avionics Systems to Use and When
How Advanced Avionics Systems Affect the Pilot
Chapter Summary
Chapter 2 Electronic Flight Instruments
Introduction
Primary Flight Display (PFD)
Primary Flight Instruments
Cross-Checking the Primary Flight Instruments
Common Errors: Altitude Excursions and Fixation
Enhancements to the Primary Flight Instruments
Primary Flight Instrument Systems
Navigation Instruments
Other Flight Status Information
Making Entries on the PFD
Failures and the Primary Flight Display
Instrument System Failure
PFD Failure
Awareness: Using Standby Instruments
Essential Skills
Chapter Summary
Chapter 3 Navigation
Area Navigation (RNAV) Basics
RNAV Concept
FMS/RNAV Computer
FMS/RNAV/Autopilot Interface: Display and Controls
Accessing Information in the FMS
Making Entries in the FMS
Integrated Avionics Systems
Learning: Simulators for Learning and Practice
Flight Planning
Preflight Preparation
FMS/RNAV Approval for IFR Operations
Navigation Database Currency
Alternative Means of Navigation
NOTAMs Relevant to GPS
GPS Signal Availability
Alternate Airports
Aircraft Equipment Suffixes
Suitability of an RNAV Unit for VFR Flight
Programming the Flight Route
The Flight Planning Page
En Route Waypoints and Procedural Waypoints
Entering En Route Waypoints
Entering Airways
Entering Procedures
Risk: Taking Off Without Entering a Flight Plan
Reviewing the Flight Route
Catching Errors: Using the FMs Flight Planning Function To Cross-Check Calculations
Check the Waypoints
Check the Distances
Check the Desired Tracks
Check for Route Discontinuities
Maintaining Proficiency: Aeronautical Knowledge
Coupling the FMs to the Navigation Indicator(s)
Common Error: Displaying the Wrong Navigation Source
Awareness: Mode Awareness
Essential Skills
En Route Navigation
The Active Waypoint
Desired Track
Track
Groundspeed and ETA
Fuel Used and Time Remaining
Arriving at the Active Waypoint
Waypoint Alerting
Turn Anticipation
Waypoint Sequencing
Awareness: Making Waypoint Callouts
Setting the Course to New Active Waypoint
En Route Sensitivity
GPS Signal Status
Accessing Navigational Information En Route
Essential Skills
En Route Modifications
Adding and Deleting Waypoints From the Programmed Route
Direct To
Risk: What Lies Ahead on a Direct-To Route?
Cancel Direct To
Selecting a Different Instrument Procedure or Transition
Proceeding Directly to the Nearest Airport
Essential Skills
Descent
Elements of Descent Planning Calculations
Manual Descent Calculations
Coordinating Calculations with Aeronautical Charts
Alternate Navigation Planning
Calculating Descents with the FMS
Managing Speed
Descent Flying Concepts
Flying the Descent
Determining Arrival at the Top-of-Descent Point
Early Descents
Late Descents
Common Error: Not Considering Winds During Descent Planning
Essential Skills
Intercept And Track Course
Intercepting and Tracking a Different Course to the Active Waypoint
The Nonsequencing Mode
Common Error: Forgetting To Re-Engage Sequencing Mode After Course Intercept
Awareness: Remembering To Make Needed Mode Changes
Intercepting and Tracking a Course to a Different Waypoint
Common Error: Setting the Wrong Inbound Course During a Course Intercept
Common Error: Setting the Wrong Active Waypoint During a Course Intercept
Catching Errors: A Helpful Callout Procedure for Course Intercepts
Essential Skills
Holding
Preprogrammed Holding Patterns
Common Error: Mismanaging the Sequencing/ Nonsequencing Modes During a Hold
Essential Skills
ARCS
Essential Skills
GPS and RNAV (GPS) Approaches
LNAV
LNAV/VNAV
LPV
GPS or RNAV (GPS) Approach Waypoints
Flying a GPS or RNAV (GPS) Approach
Terminal Mode
Approach Mode
Approach Not Active
Vectored Approaches
Awareness: Briefing the Approach
Common Error: Forgetting To Verify the Approach Mode
Common Error: Using the Wrong Approach Minimums
Common Error: Forgetting To Reengage Sequencing Mode Prior to Final Approach Waypoint
Essential Skills
Course Reversals
Preprogrammed Course Reversals
Common Error: Mismanaging the Sequencing/ Nonsequencing Modes During a Course Reversal
Essential Skills
Missed Approaches
Recognizing the Missed Approach Point
Complying With ATC-Issued Missed Approach Instructions
Setting Up Next Procedure in Hold
Common Error: Noncompliance With Initial Missed Approach Instructions
Essential Skills
Ground-based Radio Navigation
Configuring FMs To Receive Ground-Based Radio Navigation Signals
Tuning and Identifying Radio Navigation Facilities
Displaying Radio Navigation Signals on the Navigation Indicator
Awareness: Using All Available Navigation Resources
Flying a Precision Approach Using Ground-based Navigation Facilities
Flying a Nonprecision Approach Using Ground-Based Navigation Facilities
Maintaining Proficiency: Practicing All Navigation Skills
Essential Skills
Chapter Summary
Chapter 4 Automated Flight Control
Introduction
Autopilot Concepts
How To Use an Autopilot Function
Specification of Track and Altitude
Engagement of Autopilot Function
Verification of Autopilot Function Engagement
How Autopilot Functions Work
Determination of Control Movements Required To Achieve Goals
Carrying Out Control Movements
Flight Director
Flight Director Functions
Using the Flight Director (FD)
Flight Director Without Autopilot
Flight Director With Autopilot
Common Error: Blindly Following Flight Director Cues
Common Error: Confusion About Autopilot Engagement
Follow Route
Following a Route Programmed in the FMS
GPS Steering (GPSS) Function
Following a VOR Radial
Fly Heading
Maintain Altitude
Climbs and Descents
Vertical Speed
Vertical Speed with Altitude Capture
Catching Errors: Armed Modes Help Prevent Forgotten Mode Changes
Common Error: Failure To Arm the Altitude Mode
Awareness: Altitude Alerting Systems
Awareness: Automatic Mode Changes
Learning: The Importance of Understanding
Power Management
Essential Skills
Course Intercepts
Flying an Assigned Heading To Intercept a Course or VOR Radial
Essential Skills
Coupled Approaches
ILS Approaches
RNAV Approaches With Vertical Guidance
Power Management
Essential Skills
Deciding When To Use The FD/Autopilot
Miscellaneous Autopilot Topics
Autopilot Mode Awareness
Positive Exchange of Controls
Preflighting the Autopilot
Autopilot and Electric Trim System Failures
Essential Skills
Chapter Summary
Chapter 5 Information Systems
Introduction
Multi-Function Display
Essential Skills
Moving Maps
Using the Moving Map
Maintaining the “Big Picture”
Maintaining Awareness of Potential Landing Sites
Maintaining Awareness on the Airport Surface
Identifying Controlled Airspace
Identifying the Missed Approach Point
Catching Errors: Using the Moving Map to Detect Route Programming Errors
Catching Errors: Using The Moving Map To Detect Configuration Errors
Maintaining Proficiency: Spatial Reasoning Skills
Failure Indications
Common Error: Using the Moving Map as a Primary Navigation Instrument
Awareness: Overreliance on the Moving Map
Terrain Systems
Early Systems
Terrain Display
Monitoring Surrounding Terrain During Departure and Arrival
Evaluating a Direct-To Routing
Terrain Awareness and Warning Systems
TAWS A and TAWS B
TAWS Alerts
Risk: Silencing TAWS Alerts
Risk: Flying in Close Proximity to Terrain
Cockpit Weather Systems
Thunderstorms and Precipitation
Onboard Weather Radar Systems
Ground Weather Surveillance Radar
Limitations of Both Types of Weather Radar Systems
Lightning
Clouds
Other Weather Products
Using Advanced Weather Data Systems
Preflight Overview
Track Progress of Significant Weather En Route .
Investigate Weather Phenomena Reported by Radio
Broadcast Weather Products Versus Onboard Weather Sensors
Common Error: Skipping the Preflight Weather Briefing
Traffic Data Systems
Traffic Data Systems Using Onboard Sensing Equipment
Traffic Data Systems Receiving Information From Ground-based Facilities
Advanced Traffic Data Systems Based On ADS-B
Using A Traffic Data System
Setting Sensitivity on a Traffic Data System
Responding to Traffic Alerts
Error: Overreliance on Traffic Data System/Failure To Scan
Using a Traffic Data System on the Ground
Fuel Management Systems
Initial Fuel Estimate
Estimating Amount of Fuel on Board
Predicting Fuel at a Later Point in the Flight
Determining Endurance
Risk: Stretching Fuel Reserves
Other Cockpit Information System Features
Electronic Checklists
Electronic Charts
FMS/RNAV Pages on the MFD
Chapter Summary
Essential Skills Checklist
Glossary
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