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Index
Cover
Related Titles
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface
To the First German Edition
To the First English Edition
Chapter 1: Introduction to Enzyme Technology
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Goals and Potential of Biotechnological Production Processes
1.3 Historical Highlights of Enzyme Technology/Applied Biocatalysis
1.4 Biotechnological Processes: The Use of Isolated or Intracellular Enzymes as Biocatalysts
1.5 Advantages and Disadvantages of Enzyme-Based Production Processes
1.6 Goals and Essential System Properties for New or Improved Enzyme Processes
Exercises
Literature:
References
Chapter 2: Basics of Enzymes as Biocatalysts
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Enzyme Classification
2.3 Enzyme Synthesis and Structure
2.4 Enzyme Function and Its General Mechanism
2.5 Free Energy Changes and the Specificity of Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions
2.6 Equilibrium- and Kinetically Controlled Reactions Catalyzed by Enzymes
2.7 Kinetics of Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions
2.8 End Points of Enzyme Processes and Amount of Enzyme Required to Reach the End Point in a Given Time
2.9 Enzyme-Catalyzed Processes with Slightly Soluble Products and Substrates
2.10 Stability, Denaturation, and Renaturation of Enzymes
2.11 Better Enzymes by Natural Evolution, In Vitro Evolution, or Rational Enzyme Engineering
Exercises
Literature
References
Chapter 3: Enzyme Discovery and Protein Engineering
3.1 Enzyme Discovery
3.2 Strategies for Protein Engineering
3.3 Computational Design of Enzymes
Exercises
References
Chapter 4: Enzymes in Organic Chemistry
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Examples
Exercises
Literature
References
Chapter 5: Cells Designed by Metabolic Engineering as Biocatalysts for Multienzyme Biotransformations
5.1 Introduction
5.2 A Short Introduction to Metabolic Engineering
5.3 Examples
Exercises
Literature
References
Chapter 6: Enzyme Production and Purification
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Enzyme Sources
6.3 Improving Enzyme Yield
6.4 Increasing the Yield of Periplasmic and Extracellular Enzymes
6.5 Downstream Processing of Enzymes
6.6 Regulations Based on Risk Assessments/Safety Criteria that Influence the Production of Enzymes and Their Use for Analytical, Pharmaceutical, Scientific, and Technical Purposes
Exercises
Literature
References
Chapter 7: Application of Enzymes in Solution: Soluble Enzymes and Enzyme Systems
7.1 Introduction and Areas of Application
7.2 Space–Time Yield and Productivity
7.3 Examples for the Application of Enzymes in Solution
7.4 Membrane Systems and Processes
Exercises
Literature
References
Chapter 8: Immobilization of Enzymes (Including Applications)
8.1 Principles
8.2 Carriers
8.3 Binding Methods
8.4 Examples: Application of Immobilized Enzymes
Exercises
Literature
References
Chapter 9: Immobilization of Microorganisms and Cells
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Fundamental Aspects
9.3 Immobilization by Aggregation/Flocculation
9.4 Immobilization by Entrapment
9.5 Adsorption
9.6 Adhesion
9.7 Perspectives
References
Chapter 10: Characterization of Immobilized Biocatalysts
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Factors Influencing the Space–Time Yield of Immobilized Biocatalysts
10.3 Effectiveness Factors for Immobilized Biocatalysts
10.4 Mass Transfer and Reaction
10.5 Space–Time Yields and Effectiveness Factors for Different Reactors
10.6 Determination of Essential Properties of Immobilized Biocatalysts
10.7 Comparison of Calculated and Experimental Data for Immobilized Biocatalysts
10.8 Application of Immobilized Biocatalysts for Enzyme Processes in Aqueous Suspensions
10.9 Improving the Performance of Immobilized Biocatalysts
Exercises
References
Chapter 11: Reactors and Process Technology
11.1 General Aspects, Biochemical Engineering, and Process Sustainability
11.2 Types of Reactors
11.3 Residence Time Distribution, Mixing, Pressure Drop, and Mass Transfer in Reactors
11.4 Process Technology
Exercises
Literature
References
Chapter 12: Case Studies
12.1 Starch Processing and Glucose Isomerization
12.2 Biofuels from Biomass
12.3 Case Study: the One-Step Enzymatic Process to Produce 7-ACA from Cephalosporin C
12.4 Case Study: Biocatalytic Process for the Synthesis of the Lipitor Side Chain
Exercises
References
Appendix A: The World of Biotechnology Information: Seven Points for Reflecting on Your Information Behavior
Appendix B: Solutions to Exercises
Appendix C: Symbols and Abreviations
Index
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