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Index
Cover
Title
Copyright
Dedication
Contents in Brief
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Walkthrough
Connect
Chapter 1: Selling and Salespeople
Why Learn about Personal Selling?
Everyone Sells
Creating Value: The Role of Salespeople in a Business
What Do Salespeople Do?
Client Relationship Manager
Account Team Manager
Supply Chain Logistics and Channel Manager
Information Provider to Their Firm
Types of Salespeople
Selling and Distribution Channels
Describing Sales Jobs
The Sales Jobs Continuum
Examples of Sales Jobs
Characteristics of Successful Salespeople
Self-Motivated
Dependability and Trustworthiness
Integrity and Ethical Sales Behavior
Customer and Product Knowledge
Analytical Skills and the Ability to Use Information Technology
Communication Skills
Flexibility and Agility
Creativity
Confidence and Optimism
Emotional Intelligence
Are Salespeople Born or Made?
Rewards in Selling
Independence and Responsibility
Financial Rewards
Management Opportunities
The Building Partnerships Model
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Part 1: Knowledge and Skill Requirements
Chapter 2: Ethical and Legal Issues in Selling
Ethics and Selling
The Evolution of Selling
Ethics and Partnering Relationships
Factors Influencing the Ethical Behavior of Salespeople
Selling Ethics and Relationships
Relationships with Customers
Relationships with the Salesperson’s Company
Relationships with Colleagues
Relationships with Competitors
Legal Issues
Uniform Commercial Code
Misrepresentation or Sales Puffery
Illegal Business Practices
International Ethical and Legal Issues
Resolving Cultural Differences
Legal Issues
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 3: Buying Behavior and the Buying Process
Why People Buy
Types of Customers
Manufacturers
Resellers
Government Agencies
Institutions
Consumers
Organizational Buying and Selling
Complexity of the Organizational Buying Process
Derived versus Direct Demand
How Do Organizations Make Buying Decisions?
Steps in the Buying Process
Creeping Commitment
Types of Organizational Buying Decisions
New Tasks
Straight Rebuys
Modified Rebuys
Who Makes the Buying Decision?
Users
Initiators
Influencers
Gatekeepers
Deciders
Supplier Evaluation and Choice
Organizational Needs and Criteria
Individual Needs of Buying Center Members
Supply Chain Management and Professional Purchasing
Supply Chain Management
Multiattribute Model of Product Evaluation and Choice
Performance Evaluation of Characteristics
Importance Weights
Overall Evaluation
Value Offered
Supplier Selection
Implications for Salespeople
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 4: Using Communication Principles to Build Relationships
Building Relationships through Two-Way Communication
The Communication Process
Communication Breakdowns
Sending Verbal Messages Effectively
Choice of Words
Voice Characteristics
Stories
Keep Open Lines of Communication
Active Listening
Repeating Information
Restating or Rephrasing Information
Clarifying Information
Summarizing the Conversation
Tolerating Silences
Concentrating on the Ideas Being Communicated
Reading Nonverbal Messages from Customers
Body Angle
Face
Arms
Hands
Legs
Body Language Patterns
Sending Messages with Nonverbal Communication
Using Body Language
The Role of Space and Physical Contact
Appearance
Communicating via Technology
Telephone and Voice Mail
Text Messages and E-mail
Social Media
Adjusting for Cultural Differences
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 5: Adaptive Selling for Relationship Building
Types of Presentations
Standard Memorized Presentation
Outlined Presentation
Customized Presentation
Adaptive Selling and Sales Success
Adaptive Selling: The Importance of Knowledge
Product and Company Knowledge
Knowledge about Sales Situations and Customers
How to Create Knowledge
Retrieving Knowledge from the Knowledge Management System
The Social Style Matrix: A Training Program for Building Adaptive Selling Skills
Dimensions of Social Styles
Categories of Social Styles
Identifying Customers’ Social Styles
Social Styles and Sales Presentations
Versatility
Recap: The Role of Knowledge in Adapting
Systems for Developing Adaptive Selling Skills
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Part 2: The Partnership Process
Chapter 6: Prospecting
The Importance of Prospecting
Characteristics of a Good Prospect
Does a Want or Need Exist?
Does the Lead Have the Ability to Pay?
Does the Lead Have the Authority to Buy?
Can the Lead Be Approached Favorably?
Is the Lead Eligible to Buy?
Other Criteria
How and Where to Obtain Prospects
Satisfied Customers
Endless-Chain Method
Networking and Center of Influence
Social Media
Other Internet Uses
Marketing Department
Shows, Fairs, and Merchandise Markets
Webinars and Seminars
Lists and Directories
Sales Analytics and Artificial Intelligence
Cold Calling
Spotters
Inside Salespeople
Expertise
Sales Letters
Other Sources of Leads
CRM and Lead Management Systems
Overcoming a Reluctance to Prospect
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 7: Planning the Sales Call
Why Plan the Sales Call?
Obtaining Precall Information
Learning about the Prospect as an Individual and about the Prospect’s Organization
Sources of Information
Resources within Your Company
The Internet and Social Media
Receptionists and Assistants
Noncompeting Salespeople
Published Secondary Sources
The Prospect
Other Sources
Setting Call Objectives
Criteria for Effective Objectives
Setting More Than One Call Objective
Setting Objectives for Several Calls
Working with Buyers in Goal Setting
Making an Appointment
The Right Person
The Right Time
The Right Place
Cultivating Relationships with Subordinates
Additional Planning
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 8: Making the Sales Call
Making a Good Impression
Waiting for the Prospect
First Impressions
Selecting a Seat
Getting the Customer’s Attention
Developing Rapport
When Things Go Wrong
Identifying the Prospect’s Needs: The Power of Asking Questions
Asking Open and Closed Questions
Spin® Technique
Reiterating Needs You Identified before the Meeting
Value Co-Creation and Additional Considerations
Developing a Strategy for the Presentation
Offering Value: The Solution to the Buyer’s Needs
Relating Features to Benefits
Assessing Reactions
Building Credibility during the Call
Virtual Sales Calls
Selling to Groups
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 9: Strengthening the Presentation
Characteristics of a Strong Presentation
Keeps the Buyer’s Attention
Improves the Buyer’s Understanding
Helps the Buyer Remember What Was Said
Offers Proof of the Salesperson’s Assertions
Creates a Sense of Value
How to Strengthen the Presentation
Verbal Tools
Visual Tools
Product Demonstrations
Handouts
Written Proposals
Value Analysis: Quantifying the Solution
Dealing with the Jitters
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 10: Responding to Objections
The Goal Is to Build Relationships and Sell Value
When Do Buyers Raise Objections?
Setting Up an Initial Appointment
The Presentation
Attempting to Obtain Commitment
After the Sale
Common Objections
Objections Related to Needs
Objections Related to the Product
Objections Related to the Source
Objections Related to the Price
Objections Related to Time
Other Objections
Behaviors of Successful Salespeople
Have a Positive Attitude
Anticipate Objections
Forestall Known Concerns
Relax and Listen—Do Not Interrupt
Evaluate Objections
Always Tell the Truth
Effective Response Methods
Direct Denial
Indirect Denial
Compensation Method
Referral Method
Revisit Method
Acknowledge Method
Postpone Method
Using the Methods
Confirming That the Objection Has Been Answered
Objections When Selling to a Group of Buyers
The Price Objection
Use Up-to-Date Information
Establish the Value
Use Communication Tools Effectively
Dealing with Tough Customers
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 11: Obtaining Commitment
Securing Commitment Today
Part of the Process
The Importance of Securing Commitment
Financial Terms and Conditions
Discounts
Credit Terms
Shipping Costs
Presenting Price
When to Attempt to Obtain Commitment
Buyer Comments
Nonverbal Cues
How to Successfully Obtain Commitment
Maintain a Positive Attitude
Let the Customer Set the Pace
Be Assertive, Not Aggressive
Sell the Right Item in the Right Amounts
Effective Methods
Direct Request
Benefit Summary
Balance Sheet Method
Probing Method
Alternative Choice
Trial Offers
Other Methods
If Commitment Is Obtained
No Surprises
Confirm the Customer’s Choice
Get the Signature
Show Appreciation
Cultivate for Future Calls
Review the Actions to Be Taken
If Commitment Is Not Obtained
Some Reasons for Lost Opportunities
Discovering the Cause
Suggestions for Dealing with Rejection
Bringing the Sales Call to a Close
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 12: Formal Negotiating
The Nature of Negotiation
Negotiation versus Nonnegotiation Selling
What Can Be Negotiated?
Are You a Good Negotiator?
Planning for the Negotiation Session
Location
Time Allotment
Negotiation Objectives
Team Selection and Management
Individual Behavior Patterns
Information Control
The Negotiation Meeting
Preliminaries
General Guidelines
Dealing with Win–Lose Negotiators
Making Concessions
Recap of a Successful Negotiation Meeting
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 13: Building Partnering Relationships
The Value of Customers
Relationships and Selling
Types of Relationships
Market Exchanges
Partnerships
Managing Relationships and Partnering
Choosing the Right Relationship
Using Technology to Increase Efficiency
Phases of Relationship Development
Awareness
Exploration
Expansion
Commitment
Dissolution
Characteristics of Successful Partnerships
Mutual Trust
Open Communication
Common Goals
Commitment to Mutual Gain
Organizational Support
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 14: Building Long-Term Partnerships
Exploration
Set the Right Expectations
Monitor Order Processing
Ensure Proper Initial Use of the Product or Service
Follow Up
Handle Customer Complaints
Expansion
Generating Repeat Orders
Upgrading
Full-Line Selling
Cross-Selling
Commitment
Securing Commitment to a Partnership
The Salesperson as Change Agent
Dissolution
Maintaining Few Personal Relationships
Failing to Monitor Competitors' Actions
Failing to Monitor the Industry
Falling into Complacency
Conflict
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Part 3: The Salesperson as Manager
Chapter 15: Managing Your Time and Territory
The Value of Time
The Self-Management Process
Setting Goals
The Need for Goals
The Nature of Goals
Types of Sales Goals
Setting Sales Goals
Allocating Resources
Resources to Be Allocated
Where to Allocate Resources
Account Classification and Resource Allocation
Investing in Accounts
Implementing the Time Management Strategy
Daily Activity Planning
Guidelines
Planning Process
Making More Calls
Handling Paperwork and Reports
Evaluating Performance
Activity Analysis
Performance Analysis
Productivity Analysis
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 16: Managing within Your Company
Building Internal Partnerships
The Importance of Internal Partnerships
The Role of Sales
Selling Internally
Company Areas Important to Salespeople
Manufacturing
Administration
Shipping and Installation
Customer Service
Marketing
Sales
Partners in the Sales Organization
Sales Management
Field Sales Managers
Managing Ethics in Sales
Ethics and the Sales Executive
Ethics and the Field Sales Manager
Responding to Unethical Requests
Salespeople as Partners
Geographic Salespeople
Account Salespeople
Product Specialists
Inside versus Outside
Sales Teams
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Chapter 17: Managing Your Career
Opportunities in Selling
Making a Good Match
Understanding Yourself
Understanding the Company
The Recruiting Process
Selecting Salespeople
Applicant Information Sources
Selling Your Capabilities
Preparing the Résumé
Gaining the Interview
The Interview
Special Types of Interviews
Follow-Up
Interviewing Never Ends
Managing Your Career Goals
Making the Transition from College to Career
Dual Career Path
Continue to Develop Your KSAs
Managing Stress
Situational Stress
Felt Stress
Selling Yourself
Summary
Key Terms
Ethics Problems
Questions and Problems
Case Problems
Role-Play Case
Additional References
Role Play Case 1: Purina ONE SmartBlend Dog Food
Role Play Case 2: Gartner
Glossary
Endnotes
Indexes
Company Index
Subject Index
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