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Index
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
A PREFATORY NOTE ON NAMES AND TRANSCRIPTIONS
LIST OF MAPS
INTRODUCTION: The World of the Steppes
The Nomadic World
Ethnic Processes in the Turkic World
CHAPTER I: Peoples and Languages of Eurasia
Altaic Languages
Inner Asian-Central Asiatic/Türküt Group
INNER ASIATIC GROUP
INNER ASIAN-TÜRKÜT-TURKÎ
SOUTHWEST/OGUZ GROUP
NORTHWEST OR QIPCAQ GROUP
SOUTH SIBERIAN TURKIC
NORTHEAST-, EAST SIBERIAN OR YAKUT
Mongolic Languages
MODERN MONGOLIC
MANCHU-TUNGUSIC
Other Languages of Eurasia
Sino-Tibetan
Indo-European
Uralic-Languages
Languages of the Caucasus
CHAPTER II: The Legacy of Inner Asia
Pre-History of Eurasia
Iranian Nomads
Yüeh-chih and Saka Migrations
The Kušan State
The Hsiung-nu
CHAPTER III : Empires and Migrations : the Hsien-pi
The Hsien-pi Confederation
The Tabğač
The Jou-Jan [Avar] Qağanate
The Hephthalites
CHAPTER IV: The Early Turkic Peoples of Western Eurasia
The Huns of Europe
The Coming of the Oğuric Turkic Peoples
The Early Oğuric Tribes
Oğurs, Onoğurs and Bulğars in Western Eurasia
The Sabirs
The Caucasian Huns and other "Hunnic" Peoples
The European Avars
CHAPTER V: The Türk Empires of Eurasia
The Ethnonym Türk
The Question of Türk Origins
A Reconstruction of the Earliest History of he Turkic Peoples
The Türk Qağanates
The Peoples of the Türk Qağanate
Governance of the Türk Qağanate
Relgions
Writing Systems
Economy
CHAPTER VI : Successors of the Türks in Inner Asia
The Uyğur Qağanate (744-840)
Uyğur Statehood
The Uyğur Economy
The Soġdians and Uyğur Culture
Religion
The Qirğiz
The Qitañ
CHAPTER VII: Successors of the Türks in Central Asia
Iranians, Muslims and Turks
The Turkic Tribes
The Qarluqs
The Čigil and Tuxs(î)
The Yağma
The Kimek
The Oğuz
The Spread of Islam
The Early Qaraxanids
The Ghaznavid Ġulâm State
Qaraxanids, Ghaznavids and the Rise of the Seljuks
The Seljuks of Rûm
The Khwârazmšâh State
The Turkic Peoples and Cultures on the Eve of the Mongol Conquests
The Turkic Tribes noted in Maḥmûd al-Kâšgarî
The Turkic Tribes noted by Faxr ad-Dîn Mubârakšâh
CHAPTER VIII: The Successors of the Türks in Western Eurasia
The Khazar Qağanage: The Question of Origins
The Khazar State
Peoples and Institutions of the Khazar Qağanate
The Fall of the Khazar Qağanate
The Bulğar States
The Pannonian Balkan Bulğars
The Volga Bulğars
The Hungarians
The Baškirs
The Pečenegs
The Quman-Qipčaqs
The Quman-Qipčaq-Qanglı Union
CHAPTER IX: The Turkic World in the Činggisid Era
Mongol Origins and State Formation
The Mongol Empire
The Turkic Peoples under the Činggisids
The Činggisid Impact on the Turkic Lands
The Ulus of Joči
The Ulus of Čaġadai
Turks in the Činggisid Near and Middle East
CHAPTER X: Temür, the Later Činggisids and the Last Turkic Empires of Eurasia
Aqsaq Temür and the Timurids
Moġulistan
The Later Čaġadaids and Eastern Turkistan
The Fall of the Golden Horde and the Činggisid Successor States
The Qazan and Qasimov Xanates
The Crimean Xanate
The Xanate of Astraxan
The Fall of the Great Horde
The Noğay (Manġıt) Horde and the Siberian Tatars
The Eastern Qipčaqs: Özbeks and Qazaqs
The Ôzbek Xanates
The Qazaq Xanate
The Qırğız
CHAPTER XI: The Turkic Peoples of the Near and Middle East
The Mamlûks
The Beyliks of Asia Minor
The Ottoman Empire: the Formative Years
The Türkmen Confederations: the Qara Qoyunlu and Aq Qoyunlu
The Rise of the Ṣafavids
Ottomans, Ṣafavids and Mamlûks
CHAPTER XII: The Ethnogenesis of the Turkic Peoples
The Turks of Turkey and the Former European-Near Eastern Possessions of the Ottoman Empire
Turkic Peoples of the Crimea and North Caucasus
The Crimea
The North Caucaus
The Volga-Ural-West Siberian Peoples
The Volga-Ural-West Siberian Tatars
The Čuvaš
The Central Asian or Aralo-Caspian Qipčaqs
The Qazaqs
The Qara Qalpaqs
The Qırğız
Modern Uyğurs
South Siberian Turks
The Altay Turks
The Abakan (Abaqan)-Xakas Grouping
ČulimTatars
The Šor
The Tuba Grouping
The Yakuts
Turkic Ethnonyrns: Forms and Transcriptions
Arabic Forms
Chinese Characters
Bibliography
Index
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