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Index
Cover-Page
Half-Title
Series
Title
Copyright
Contents
Tables
Conventions for Chinese Terms and Chinese Names
Acknowledgements
1 Introduction: Language, Culture and China’s Rise in a Globalising World
Introduction
Chinese Language and Culture in the World: Brief Historical Background
Chinese Culture as a Source of Soft Power
Language Planning and Policy in World Politics: External Language Spread
The Confucius Institute Project
Confucius Institutes and Confucius Classrooms
Volunteer teachers and state-sponsored teachers
Chinese Bridge competitions
A Framework for Mapping and Evaluating the Confucius Institute Project
Mapping the Confucius Institute Project
Organisational documents
Media reports
Academic literature
Interviews and survey
Evaluating the Confucius Institute Project
Interviews
Survey
Organisational documents, media reports and academic literature
Summarising the Confucius Institute Project and Discussing Implications
Plan of the Book
2 Chinese Culture Goes Global: Soft Power and the Promotion of Chinese Language Learning
Introduction
Soft Power in Contemporary World Politics
Reasons for China’s Interest in Soft Power
Soft power as a requirement for great power status
Soft power as the main arena of competition in world politics
Interest of other East Asian countries in soft power
Similarities of soft power to past practices in China’s world politics and principles in Chinese thought
Soft power as necessary for the domestic legitimacy of the CCP
Soft power to counter the ‘China threat’ theory
China’s View of Soft Power
Scope and applications of soft power
Sources of soft power
Centrality of culture to soft power
The Role of Chinese Language Learning
The Confucius Institute Project: Origins and Background
Conclusion
3 Mapping the Confucius Institute Project: High Extensity, Intensity and Velocity
Introduction
Extensity
Intensity
Velocity
Comparisons of Extensity, Intensity and Velocity
Reasons for High Extensity, Intensity and Velocity
Conclusion
4 Evaluating the Confucius Institute Project: Impact at the State-to-State Level
Introduction
The State-to-State Level
Recent Trends in China’s Relations with Countries with Confucius Institutes and Confucius Classrooms
China’s relations with the USA
China’s relations with Japan
China’s relations with Australia
Influence on Other Countries’ Language and Culture Promotion Activities
Reasons for Limited Impact at the State-to-State Level
The nature of language and culture as sources of soft power in world politics
Governments’ concerns about the Confucius Institute project
Conclusion
5 Evaluating the Confucius Institute Project: Impact at the Society-to-Society Level
Introduction
The Society-to-Society Level
Chinese Language Teaching and Learning
Attitudes Towards and Perceptions of China
China and world opinion polls
Views from the interviews and survey
Chinese Culture and China as a Country
Societal Reactions as Impediments to the Confucius Institute Project
Concerns of universities and academics
Concerns of the media
Concerns of the general public
Considering Concerns about the Confucius Institute Project
Consequences of Concerns about the Confucius Institute Project
Practical and Organisational Issues as Impediments to the Confucius Institute Project
Relationship between Confucius Institutes/Confucius Classrooms and existing Chinese departments and programmes
Quality of teaching staff
Sustainability
Dealing with Practical and Organisational Issues
Conclusion
6 Conclusions and Implications
Introduction
The Confucius Institute Project: A Diffused Global Project
Implications
Implications for China
Implications for schools and universities
Implications for governments
Implications for researchers
Final Remarks
References
Interviews
Index
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