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Index
Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1: The Code of Life
Ancient Theories of Pangenesis and Blood in Heredity
Preformation and Natural Selection
The Work of Gregor Mendel
Theoretical Interpretation
Rediscovery
How the Gene Idea Became Reality
Early Molecular Genetics
DNA and the Genetic Code
Francis Crick
James Watson
Maurice Wilkins
Chapter 2: The Physical Basis of Heredity
Genes
Alleles
Genotype
Phenotype
Chromosomes
Sex Chromosomes
Chromosomes During Cell Division: Mitosis
Chromosomes During Cell Division: Meiosis
Linkage Groups
Thomas Hunt Morgan
Chromosomal Aberrations
Chapter 3: DNA as the Agent of Heredity
Structure and Composition of DNA
DNA Replication
Expression of the Genetic Code
Transcription
Translation
Gene Mutation
Mechanisms of Mutation
Repair of Mutation
Regulation of Gene Expression
RNA Interference and Gene Silencing
Repetitive DNA
Barbara McClintock
Chapter 4: The Study of Genetics
Classical Genetics
Cytogenetics
Cytogenetic Techniques
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
Microbial Genetics
Molecular Genetics
Molecular Techniques
Polymerase Chain Reaction
DNA Fingerprinting
Immunogenetics
Genomics
Sequencing and Bioinformatic Analysis of Genomes
Functional Genomics
Gene Identification by Microarray Genomic Analysis
Comparative Genomics
Population Genetics
Experimental Breeding
Mathematical Techniques
Hardy-Weinberg Law
Genetic Drift
Founder Principle
Behaviour Genetics
Early History of Behaviour Genetics
Methods of Behaviour Genetics Study
Study of Human Genetics
Epigenetics
Stem Cells
Embryonic Stem Cells
Adult Stem Cells
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
RNA Interference
Chapter 5: Genetic Engineering
Recombinant DNA Technology
DNA Cloning
Creating the Clone
Isolating the Clone
DNA Sequencing
In Vitro Mutagenesis
Gene Therapy
Reverse Genetics
Diagnostics
Protein Manufacture
Genetically Modified Organisms
GMOs in Agriculture
GMOs in Medicine and Research
Role of GMOs in Environmental Management
Sociopolitical Relevance of GMOs
Cloning
Early Cloning Experiments
Reproductive Cloning
Therapeutic Cloning
Ethical Controversies of Cloning
Chapter 6: Genetics Applied to Plants and Animals
Plant Breeding
Goals
Evaluation of Plants
Methods of Plant Breeding
Animal Breeding
Breeding and Variation
Breeding
Selection
Breeding Systems
Chapter 7: Human Genetics
The Human Chromosomes
The Human Genome
Role of the Human Genome in Research
Origins of the Human Genome
Social Impacts of Human Genome Research
The Genetics of Human Blood
Blood Types
Serum Proteins
Hemoglobin
The Genetics of Antibody Formation
The Genetics of Cellular Immunity
Influence of the Environment
Fraternal Twins
Identical Twins
Diagnosis of Twin Types
Inferences from Twin Studies
Genetics and the Concept of Race
Modern Scientific Explanations of Human Biological Variation
The Scientific Debate Over “Race”
Chapter 8: Genetic Diseases of Humans
Classes of Genetic Disease
Diseases Caused by Chromosomal Aberrations
Abnormalities of the Sex Chromosomes
Diseases of Autosomal Dominant Inheritance
Diseases of Autosomal Recessive Inheritance
Repeat Expansions
Mitochondrial DNA Mutations
Imprinted Gene Mutations
Diseases Caused by Multifactorial Inheritance
Victor McKusick
Genetics of Cancer
Telomeres
Genetic Damage from Environmental Agents
Management of Genetic Disease
Genetic Counseling
Calculating Risks of Known Carriers
Estimating Probability: Bayes’s Theorem
Prenatal Diagnosis
Genetic Testing
Eugenics
The Future of Genetics in Medicine
Glossary
For Further Reading
Index
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