The Archaeology of New York State by Ritchie, William A. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Title Page Copyright Contents List of Illustrations Introduction I: The Earliest Occupants—Paleo—Indian Hunters (c. 7000 B.C.)

Artifacts Distribution Materials and Movements Antiquity, Geology and Ecology The Late Paleo-Indian Stage The Davis Site The Potts Site

II: The Archaic or Hunting, Fishing, Gathering Stage (c. 3500–1300 B.C.)

The Lamoka Phase

Geographical and Ecological Setting Chronology The Lamoka People Subsistence Fishing Subsistence Hunting Bone Refuse from the Lamoka Lake Site Faunal Discussion Deer Subsistence Gathering Food Preparation Clothing and Ornaments The Lamoka Tool Kit Settlement Pattern Warfare Mortuary Customs Speculations on the Lamoka Culture

The Laurentian Tradition The Vosburg Phase The Vergennes Phase The Brewerton Phase

Distribution and Ecology Age The Brewerton People Subsistence Activities Settlement Pattern Tools and Ornaments Trade Connections Burial Traits

The Frontenac Phase

The Frontenac Island Site Food of the Frontenac Islanders Radiocarbon Dates Hunting, Fishing, Food Processing and Other Equipment Dress and Ornament Combat Aesthetic and Recreational Activities Mortuary Customs and Some Social and Religious Inferences

The River Phase The Glacial Kame Culture The Snook Kill Phase The Archaic in Coastal New York

The Culture Sequence on Staten Island

III: The Transitional Stage—From Stone Pots to Early Ceramics (c. 1300–1000 B.C.)

The Frost Island Phase The Orient Phase

Time Span Food and Its Preparation Settlement Sites Ornaments, Weapons, Tools Utensils of Stone and Clay Cultural Connections Burial Ritualism

The Meadowood Phase

Period of Occupation The Food Quest and Its Attributes Sites Dress and Ornament Tool Inventory Vinette 1 Pottery, Pipes and Basketry Trade Connections Mortuary Ceremonialism Cultural Relations

The Middlesex Phase The Early Point Peninsula Culture

Typical Components Subsistence Pattern Burial Traits

The Squawkie Hill Phase

Distribution and Age The Lewiston Mound The LeVesconte Mound The Cain Mound The Rector Mound Nuclear Mound, Burial and Artifact Traits

The Middle and Late Point Peninsula Cultures

Age and General Characteristics

The Kipp Island Phase

Distribution The Williams Site The Brock Street Burial The Plum Orchard Burial The Felix Site The People of the Kipp Island Phase The Subsistence Basis of the Kipp Island Culture Vertebrate Remains from the Kipp Island Site Hunting and Fishing Gear Housing Dress and Ornament Register of Tools Smoking Pipes

The Hunter’s Home Phase

The Hunter’s Home Site The White Site Age of the Hunter’s Home Phase The Kipp Island No. 4 Component

The Sebonac Phase of the Windsor Tradition The Bowmans Brook Phase of the East River Tradition The Clasons Point Phase of the East River Tradition The Owasco Culture

Geographic Range Site Locations Chronology The Owasco People Subsistence Basis Hunting and Fishing Equipment Vegetable Foods and Their Storage Food Preparation Settlement Pattern The Maxon-Derby Site The Bates Site The Sackett Site Clothing and Personal Decoration Tools, Textiles and Basketry Pottery Travel and Trade Warfare Games Smoking Pipes Burial Customs Social and Political Organization Religious Concepts Linguistic Affiliations

The Iroquois Culture

In Situ Theory

The Oak Hill Phase

Ceramics Sites The Kelso Site Fortification Houses Subsistence Tools Pottery Burials

The Chance Phase

Ceramics Chronology The Getman Site The Late Prehistoric Iroquois

The Garoga Phase

Settlements Foods The Garoga Site Houses and Palisades Food and Storage Artifact Categories Burial Traits

References Index About the Author