OpenStack Operations Guide by Fifield, Tom -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Preface

Introduction to OpenStack Getting Started with OpenStack

Using OpenStack Plug and Play OpenStack Roll Your Own OpenStack

Who This Book Is For

Further Reading

How This Book Is Organized Why and How We Wrote This Book How to Contribute to This Book Conventions Used in This Book Using Code Examples Safari® Books Online How to Contact Us Acknowledgments

I. Architecture

1. Example Architectures

Example Architecture—Legacy Networking (nova)

Overview

Components Rationale Why not use the OpenStack Network Service (neutron)? Why use multi-host networking?

Detailed Description Optional Extensions

Example Architecture—OpenStack Networking

Overview

Components Rationale

Detailed Description

Node types Networking layout

OpenStack internal network Public Network VM traffic network

Node connectivity

Initial deployment Connectivity for maximum performance

Node diagrams

Example Component Configuration

Parting Thoughts on Architectures

2. Provisioning and Deployment

Automated Deployment

Disk Partitioning and RAID Network Configuration

Automated Configuration Remote Management Parting Thoughts for Provisioning and Deploying OpenStack Conclusion

3. Designing for Cloud Controllers and Cloud Management

Hardware Considerations Separation of Services Database Message Queue Conductor Services Application Programming Interface (API) Extensions Scheduling Images Dashboard Authentication and Authorization Network Considerations

4. Compute Nodes

Choosing a CPU Choosing a Hypervisor Instance Storage Solutions

Off Compute Node Storage—Shared File System On Compute Node Storage—Shared File System On Compute Node Storage—Nonshared File System Issues with Live Migration Choice of File System

Overcommitting Logging Networking Conclusion

5. Scaling

The Starting Point Adding Cloud Controller Nodes Segregating Your Cloud

Cells and Regions Availability Zones and Host Aggregates

Availability zone Host aggregates zone

Scalable Hardware

Hardware Procurement Capacity Planning Burn-in Testing

6. Storage Decisions

Ephemeral Storage Persistent Storage

Object Storage Block Storage

OpenStack Storage Concepts Choosing Storage Backends

Commodity Storage Backend Technologies

Conclusion

7. Network Design

Management Network Public Addressing Options IP Address Planning Network Topology

VLAN Configuration Within OpenStack VMs Multi-NIC Provisioning Multi-Host and Single-Host Networking

Services for Networking

NTP DNS

Conclusion

II. Operations

8. Lay of the Land

Using the OpenStack Dashboard for Administration Command-Line Tools

Installing the Tools Administrative Command-Line Tools Getting Credentials Inspecting API Calls

Using cURL for further inspection

Servers and Services Diagnose Your Compute Nodes

Network Inspection Users and Projects Running Instances Summary

9. Managing Projects and Users

Projects or Tenants? Managing Projects

Adding Projects

Quotas

Set Image Quotas Set Compute Service Quotas

View and update compute quotas for a tenant (project)

Set Object Storage Quotas Set Block Storage Quotas

View and update Block Storage quotas for a tenant (project)

User Management Creating New Users Associating Users with Projects

Customizing Authorization Users Who Disrupt Other Users

Summary

10. User-Facing Operations

Images

Adding Images Sharing Images Between Projects Deleting Images Other CLI Options The Image Service and the Database Example Image Service Database Queries

Flavors

Private Flavors How Do I Modify an Existing Flavor?

Security Groups

General Security Groups Configuration End-User Configuration of Security Groups

Block Storage

Block Storage Creation Failures

Instances

Starting Instances Instance Boot Failures Using Instance-Specific Data

Instance metadata Instance user data File injection

Associating Security Groups Floating IPs Attaching Block Storage Taking Snapshots

Live Snapshots

Instances in the Database Good Luck!

11. Maintenance, Failures, and Debugging

Cloud Controller and Storage Proxy Failures and Maintenance

Planned Maintenance Rebooting a Cloud Controller or Storage Proxy After a Cloud Controller or Storage Proxy Reboots Total Cloud Controller Failure

Compute Node Failures and Maintenance

Planned Maintenance After a Compute Node Reboots Instances Inspecting and Recovering Data from Failed Instances Volumes Total Compute Node Failure /var/lib/nova/instances

Storage Node Failures and Maintenance

Rebooting a Storage Node Shutting Down a Storage Node Replacing a Swift Disk

Handling a Complete Failure Configuration Management Working with Hardware

Adding a Compute Node Adding an Object Storage Node Replacing Components

Databases

Database Connectivity Performance and Optimizing

HDWMY

Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly Quarterly Semiannually

Determining Which Component Is Broken

Tailing Logs Running Daemons on the CLI

Uninstalling

12. Network Troubleshooting

Using “ip a” to Check Interface States Visualizing nova-network Traffic in the Cloud Visualizing OpenStack Networking Service Traffic in the Cloud Finding a Failure in the Path tcpdump iptables Network Configuration in the Database for nova-network

Manually Deassociating a Floating IP

Debugging DHCP Issues with nova-network Debugging DNS Issues Troubleshooting Open vSwitch Dealing with Network Namespaces Summary

13. Logging and Monitoring

Where Are the Logs? Reading the Logs Tracing Instance Requests Adding Custom Logging Statements RabbitMQ Web Management Interface or rabbitmqctl Centrally Managing Logs

rsyslog Client Configuration rsyslog Server Configuration

StackTach Monitoring

Process Monitoring Resource Alerting Metering and Telemetry with Ceilometer OpenStack-Specific Resources Intelligent Alerting Trending

Summary

14. Backup and Recovery

What to Back Up Database Backups File System Backups

Compute Image Catalog and Delivery Identity Block Storage Object Storage

Recovering Backups Summary

15. Customization

Create an OpenStack Development Environment Customizing Object Storage (Swift) Middleware Customizing the OpenStack Compute (nova) Scheduler Customizing the Dashboard (Horizon) Conclusion

16. Upstream OpenStack

Getting Help Reporting Bugs

Confirming and Prioritizing Bug Fixing After the Change Is Accepted

Join the OpenStack Community How to Contribute to the Documentation Security Information Finding Additional Information

17. Advanced Configuration

Differences Between Various Drivers Implementing Periodic Tasks Specific Configuration Topics

Security Configuration for Compute, Networking, and Storage High Availability Enabling IPv6 Support Periodic Task Frequency for Compute Geographical Considerations for Object Storage

18. Upgrades

Pre-Upgrade Testing Environment Preparing for a Rollback Upgrades How to Perform an Upgrade from Grizzly to Havana—Ubuntu

Impact on Users Upgrade Considerations Perform a Backup Manage Repositories Update Configuration Files Upgrade Packages on the Controller Node Stop Services, Update Database Schemas, and Restart Services on the Controller Node Upgrade Packages and Restart Services on the Compute Nodes Upgrade Packages and Restart Services on the Block Storage Nodes

How to Perform an Upgrade from Grizzly to Havana—Red Hat Enterprise Linux and Derivatives

Cleaning Up and Final Configuration File Updates Rolling Back a Failed Upgrade

A. Use Cases

NeCTAR

Deployment Resources

MIT CSAIL

Deployment Resources

DAIR

Deployment Resources

CERN

Deployment Resources

B. Tales From the Cryp^H^H^H^H Cloud

Double VLAN The Issue Disappearing Images The Valentine’s Day Compute Node Massacre Down the Rabbit Hole Havana Haunted by the Dead

C. Working with Roadmaps

Information Available to You Influencing the Roadmap Aspects to Watch

Driver Quality Improvements Easier Upgrades Deprecation of Nova Network

Replacement of Open vSwitch Plug-in with Modular Layer 2 Compute V3 API OpenStack on OpenStack (TripleO) Data Processing (Sahara) Bare-Metal Deployment (Ironic) Database as a Service (Trove) Messaging as a Service (Marconi) Scheduler Improvements

Block Storage Improvements Toward a Python SDK

D. Icehouse Preview

Block Storage (cinder) Common (oslo) Compute (nova) Database Service (trove) Identity (keystone) Image Service (glance) Networking (neutron) Object Storage (swift) OpenStack dashboard (horizon) Orchestration (heat) Telemetry (ceilometer)

E. Resources

OpenStack Cloud (General) Python Networking Systems Administration Virtualization Configuration Management

Glossary Index

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