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Index
Introduction to the CD-ROM Edition
Using this CD
Installing Adobe Acrobat Reader
Using this CD
Installing Adobe Acrobat Reader
The ARRL Antenna Book, 20th Edition
Covers
Contributors
Copyright
Foreword
Contents
Schematic Symbols Used in Circuit Diagrams
About the ARRL
Feedback
Covers
Contributors
Copyright
Foreword
Contents
Schematic Symbols Used in Circuit Diagrams
About the ARRL
Feedback
Chapter 1 - Safety First
Tower Safety
CLOTHING
SAFETY BELT & CLIMBING ACCESSORIES
THE GIN POLE
INSTALLING ANTENNAS ON THE TOWER
SOME TOWER CLIMBING TIPS
THE TOWER SHIELD
CLOTHING
SAFETY BELT & CLIMBING ACCESSORIES
THE GIN POLE
INSTALLING ANTENNAS ON THE TOWER
SOME TOWER CLIMBING TIPS
THE TOWER SHIELD
Electrical Safety
AC & DC SAFETY
AC & DC SAFETY
Lightning and EMP Protection
ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE & THE RADIO AMATEUR
ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE & THE RADIO AMATEUR
RF Radiation and Electromagnetic Field Safety
THERMAL EFFECTS OF RF ENERGY
ATHERMAL EFFECTS OF EMR
THERMAL EFFECTS OF RF ENERGY
ATHERMAL EFFECTS OF EMR
Tower Safety
CLOTHING
SAFETY BELT & CLIMBING ACCESSORIES
THE GIN POLE
INSTALLING ANTENNAS ON THE TOWER
SOME TOWER CLIMBING TIPS
THE TOWER SHIELD
CLOTHING
SAFETY BELT & CLIMBING ACCESSORIES
THE GIN POLE
INSTALLING ANTENNAS ON THE TOWER
SOME TOWER CLIMBING TIPS
THE TOWER SHIELD
Electrical Safety
AC & DC SAFETY
AC & DC SAFETY
Lightning and EMP Protection
ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE & THE RADIO AMATEUR
ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE & THE RADIO AMATEUR
RF Radiation and Electromagnetic Field Safety
THERMAL EFFECTS OF RF ENERGY
ATHERMAL EFFECTS OF EMR
THERMAL EFFECTS OF RF ENERGY
ATHERMAL EFFECTS OF EMR
Chapter 2 - Antenna Fundamentals
Essential Characteristics of Antennas
FEED-POINT IMPEDANCE
ANTENNA DIRECTIVITY & GAIN
POLARIZATION
FEED-POINT IMPEDANCE
ANTENNA DIRECTIVITY & GAIN
POLARIZATION
Other Antenna Characteristics
RECIPROCITY IN RECEIVING & TRANSMITTING
FREQUENCY SCALING
RECIPROCITY IN RECEIVING & TRANSMITTING
FREQUENCY SCALING
The Vertical Monopole
BIBLIOGRAPHY
TEXTBOOKS ON ANTENNAS
Essential Characteristics of Antennas
FEED-POINT IMPEDANCE
ANTENNA DIRECTIVITY & GAIN
POLARIZATION
FEED-POINT IMPEDANCE
ANTENNA DIRECTIVITY & GAIN
POLARIZATION
Other Antenna Characteristics
RECIPROCITY IN RECEIVING & TRANSMITTING
FREQUENCY SCALING
RECIPROCITY IN RECEIVING & TRANSMITTING
FREQUENCY SCALING
The Vertical Monopole
BIBLIOGRAPHY
TEXTBOOKS ON ANTENNAS
Chapter 3 - The Effects of Ground
The Effects of Ground in the Reactive Near Field
FEED-POINT IMPEDANCE VS HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND
GROUND SYSTEMS FOR VERTICAL MONOPOLES
FEED-POINT IMPEDANCE VS HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND
GROUND SYSTEMS FOR VERTICAL MONOPOLES
The Effect of Ground in the Far Field
FAR-FIELD GROUND REFLECTIONS & THE VERTICAL ANTENNA
THE PSEUDO-BREWSTER ANGLE & THE VERTICAL ANTENNA
FLAT-GROUND REFLECTIONS & HORIZONTALLY POLARIZED WAVES
DEPTH OF RF CURRENT PENETRATION
DIRECTIVE PATTERNS OVER REAL GROUND
FAR-FIELD GROUND REFLECTIONS & THE VERTICAL ANTENNA
THE PSEUDO-BREWSTER ANGLE & THE VERTICAL ANTENNA
FLAT-GROUND REFLECTIONS & HORIZONTALLY POLARIZED WAVES
DEPTH OF RF CURRENT PENETRATION
DIRECTIVE PATTERNS OVER REAL GROUND
The Effects of Irregular Local Terrain in the Far Field
WHAT IS THE RANGE OF ELEVATION ANGLES NEEDED?
DRAWBACKS OF COMPUTER MODELS FOR ANTENNAS OVER REAL TERRAIN
RAY-TRACING OVER UNEVEN LOCAL TERRAIN
SIMULATION OF REALITY--SOME SIMPLE EXAMPLES FIRST
USING HFTA
WHAT IS THE RANGE OF ELEVATION ANGLES NEEDED?
DRAWBACKS OF COMPUTER MODELS FOR ANTENNAS OVER REAL TERRAIN
RAY-TRACING OVER UNEVEN LOCAL TERRAIN
SIMULATION OF REALITY--SOME SIMPLE EXAMPLES FIRST
USING HFTA
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The Effects of Ground in the Reactive Near Field
FEED-POINT IMPEDANCE VS HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND
GROUND SYSTEMS FOR VERTICAL MONOPOLES
FEED-POINT IMPEDANCE VS HEIGHT ABOVE GROUND
GROUND SYSTEMS FOR VERTICAL MONOPOLES
The Effect of Ground in the Far Field
FAR-FIELD GROUND REFLECTIONS & THE VERTICAL ANTENNA
THE PSEUDO-BREWSTER ANGLE & THE VERTICAL ANTENNA
FLAT-GROUND REFLECTIONS & HORIZONTALLY POLARIZED WAVES
DEPTH OF RF CURRENT PENETRATION
DIRECTIVE PATTERNS OVER REAL GROUND
FAR-FIELD GROUND REFLECTIONS & THE VERTICAL ANTENNA
THE PSEUDO-BREWSTER ANGLE & THE VERTICAL ANTENNA
FLAT-GROUND REFLECTIONS & HORIZONTALLY POLARIZED WAVES
DEPTH OF RF CURRENT PENETRATION
DIRECTIVE PATTERNS OVER REAL GROUND
The Effects of Irregular Local Terrain in the Far Field
WHAT IS THE RANGE OF ELEVATION ANGLES NEEDED?
DRAWBACKS OF COMPUTER MODELS FOR ANTENNAS OVER REAL TERRAIN
RAY-TRACING OVER UNEVEN LOCAL TERRAIN
SIMULATION OF REALITY--SOME SIMPLE EXAMPLES FIRST
USING HFTA
WHAT IS THE RANGE OF ELEVATION ANGLES NEEDED?
DRAWBACKS OF COMPUTER MODELS FOR ANTENNAS OVER REAL TERRAIN
RAY-TRACING OVER UNEVEN LOCAL TERRAIN
SIMULATION OF REALITY--SOME SIMPLE EXAMPLES FIRST
USING HFTA
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 4 - Antenna Modeling & System Planning
OVERVIEW: ANTENNA ANALYSIS BY COMPUTER
THE BASICS OF ANTENNA MODELING
PROGRAM OUTPUTS
PROGRAM INPUTS: WIRE GEOMETRY
Coordinates in an X, Y and Z World
Segmentation and Specifying a Source Segment
Some Caveats and Limitations Concerning Geometry
Some Other Practical Antenna Geometries
Coordinates in an X, Y and Z World
Segmentation and Specifying a Source Segment
Some Caveats and Limitations Concerning Geometry
Some Other Practical Antenna Geometries
THE MODELING ENVIRONMENT
The Ground
Modeling Environment: Frequency
Frequency Scaling
The Ground
Modeling Environment: Frequency
Frequency Scaling
REVISITING SOURCE SPECIFICATION
Sensitivity to Source Placement
Voltage and Current Sources
Sensitivity to Source Placement
Voltage and Current Sources
LOADS
ACCURACY TESTS
Convergence Test
Average Gain Test
Convergence Test
Average Gain Test
OTHER POSSIBLE MODEL LIMITATIONS
Closely Spaced Wires
Fat Wires Connected to Skinny Wires
Closely Spaced Wires
Fat Wires Connected to Skinny Wires
NEAR-FIELD OUTPUTS
ANTENNA MODELING SUMMARY
Practical Aspects, Designing Your Antenna System
WHAT DO YOU REALLY WANT?
SITE PLANNING
ANALYSIS
BUILDING THE SYSTEM
COMPROMISES
EXAMPLES
ANOTHER EXAMPLE
WHAT DO YOU REALLY WANT?
SITE PLANNING
ANALYSIS
BUILDING THE SYSTEM
COMPROMISES
EXAMPLES
ANOTHER EXAMPLE
Apartment Possibilities
Antennas for Limited Space
INVISIBLE ANTENNAS
IINDOOR ANTENNAS
THE RESONANT BREAKER
INVISIBLE ANTENNAS
IINDOOR ANTENNAS
THE RESONANT BREAKER
Construction Details and Practical Considerations
END EFFECT
INSULATORS
INSTALLING TRANSMISSION LINES
RUNNING THE FEED LINE FROM THE ANTENNA TO THE STATION
LIGHTNING PROTECTION
END EFFECT
INSULATORS
INSTALLING TRANSMISSION LINES
RUNNING THE FEED LINE FROM THE ANTENNA TO THE STATION
LIGHTNING PROTECTION
OVERVIEW: ANTENNA ANALYSIS BY COMPUTER
THE BASICS OF ANTENNA MODELING
PROGRAM OUTPUTS
PROGRAM INPUTS: WIRE GEOMETRY
Coordinates in an X, Y and Z World
Segmentation and Specifying a Source Segment
Some Caveats and Limitations Concerning Geometry
Some Other Practical Antenna Geometries
Coordinates in an X, Y and Z World
Segmentation and Specifying a Source Segment
Some Caveats and Limitations Concerning Geometry
Some Other Practical Antenna Geometries
THE MODELING ENVIRONMENT
The Ground
Modeling Environment: Frequency
Frequency Scaling
The Ground
Modeling Environment: Frequency
Frequency Scaling
REVISITING SOURCE SPECIFICATION
Sensitivity to Source Placement
Voltage and Current Sources
Sensitivity to Source Placement
Voltage and Current Sources
LOADS
ACCURACY TESTS
Convergence Test
Average Gain Test
Convergence Test
Average Gain Test
OTHER POSSIBLE MODEL LIMITATIONS
Closely Spaced Wires
Fat Wires Connected to Skinny Wires
Closely Spaced Wires
Fat Wires Connected to Skinny Wires
NEAR-FIELD OUTPUTS
ANTENNA MODELING SUMMARY
Practical Aspects, Designing Your Antenna System
WHAT DO YOU REALLY WANT?
SITE PLANNING
ANALYSIS
BUILDING THE SYSTEM
COMPROMISES
EXAMPLES
ANOTHER EXAMPLE
WHAT DO YOU REALLY WANT?
SITE PLANNING
ANALYSIS
BUILDING THE SYSTEM
COMPROMISES
EXAMPLES
ANOTHER EXAMPLE
Apartment Possibilities
Antennas for Limited Space
INVISIBLE ANTENNAS
IINDOOR ANTENNAS
THE RESONANT BREAKER
INVISIBLE ANTENNAS
IINDOOR ANTENNAS
THE RESONANT BREAKER
Construction Details and Practical Considerations
END EFFECT
INSULATORS
INSTALLING TRANSMISSION LINES
RUNNING THE FEED LINE FROM THE ANTENNA TO THE STATION
LIGHTNING PROTECTION
END EFFECT
INSULATORS
INSTALLING TRANSMISSION LINES
RUNNING THE FEED LINE FROM THE ANTENNA TO THE STATION
LIGHTNING PROTECTION
Chapter 5 - Loop Antennas
Half-Wave Loops
One-Wavelength Loops
Small Loop Antennas
The Basic Loop
TUNED LOOPS
LOOP Q
FERRITE-CORE LOOP ANTENNAS
PROPAGATION EFFECTS ON NULL DEPTH
SITING EFFECTS ON THE LOOP
LOOP ANTENNA ARRAYS
SMALL TRANSMITTING LOOP ANTENNAS
PRACTICAL COMPACT TRANSMITTING LOOPS
TYPICAL LOOP CONSTRUCTION
The Basic Loop
TUNED LOOPS
LOOP Q
FERRITE-CORE LOOP ANTENNAS
PROPAGATION EFFECTS ON NULL DEPTH
SITING EFFECTS ON THE LOOP
LOOP ANTENNA ARRAYS
SMALL TRANSMITTING LOOP ANTENNAS
PRACTICAL COMPACT TRANSMITTING LOOPS
TYPICAL LOOP CONSTRUCTION
The Loop Skywire
THE DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION
THE DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION
7-MHz Loop
A Receiving Loop for 1.8 MHz
An Indoor Stealth Loop
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Half-Wave Loops
One-Wavelength Loops
Small Loop Antennas
The Basic Loop
TUNED LOOPS
LOOP Q
FERRITE-CORE LOOP ANTENNAS
PROPAGATION EFFECTS ON NULL DEPTH
SITING EFFECTS ON THE LOOP
LOOP ANTENNA ARRAYS
SMALL TRANSMITTING LOOP ANTENNAS
PRACTICAL COMPACT TRANSMITTING LOOPS
TYPICAL LOOP CONSTRUCTION
The Basic Loop
TUNED LOOPS
LOOP Q
FERRITE-CORE LOOP ANTENNAS
PROPAGATION EFFECTS ON NULL DEPTH
SITING EFFECTS ON THE LOOP
LOOP ANTENNA ARRAYS
SMALL TRANSMITTING LOOP ANTENNAS
PRACTICAL COMPACT TRANSMITTING LOOPS
TYPICAL LOOP CONSTRUCTION
The Loop Skywire
THE DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION
THE DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION
7-MHz Loop
A Receiving Loop for 1.8 MHz
An Indoor Stealth Loop
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 6 - Low-Frequency Antennas
The Importance of Low Angles on the Low Bands
Short/Medium-Range Communications
HAM RADIO RESPONSE IN NATURAL DISASTERS
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE FOR NVIS
CHOOSING THE RIGHT NVIS FREQUENCY
SOME OTHER OBSERVATIONS ABOUT NVIS--STRATEGY
SOME OTHER OBSERVATIONS ABOUT NVIS--ANTENNA HEIGHT
LOW NVIS ANTENNAS AND LOCAL POWERLINE NOISE
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR MODERATE DISTANCES ON 75/80 METERS
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR MODERATE DISTANCES ON 40 METERS
NVIS SUMMARY
HAM RADIO RESPONSE IN NATURAL DISASTERS
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE FOR NVIS
CHOOSING THE RIGHT NVIS FREQUENCY
SOME OTHER OBSERVATIONS ABOUT NVIS--STRATEGY
SOME OTHER OBSERVATIONS ABOUT NVIS--ANTENNA HEIGHT
LOW NVIS ANTENNAS AND LOCAL POWERLINE NOISE
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR MODERATE DISTANCES ON 75/80 METERS
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR MODERATE DISTANCES ON 40 METERS
NVIS SUMMARY
Horizontal Antennas for the Low Bands
DIPOLE ANTENNAS
PHASED HORIZONTAL ARRAYS
A MODIFIED EXTENDED DOUBLE ZEPP
DIPOLE ANTENNAS
PHASED HORIZONTAL ARRAYS
A MODIFIED EXTENDED DOUBLE ZEPP
Vertical Antennas
THE HALF-WAVE VERTICAL DIPOLE (HVD)
MONOPOLE VERTICALS WITH GROUND PLANE RADIALS
ELEVATED RADIALS & COUNTERPOISES
GROUND-PLANE ANTENNAS
EXAMPLES OF VERTICALS
1.8 TO 3.5-MHz VERTICAL USING AN EXISTING TOWER
SIMPLE, EFFECTIVE, ELEVATED GROUND-PLANE ANTENNAS
PHASED VERTICALS
The Half-Square Antenna
The Half-Square Antenna
THE HALF-WAVE VERTICAL DIPOLE (HVD)
MONOPOLE VERTICALS WITH GROUND PLANE RADIALS
ELEVATED RADIALS & COUNTERPOISES
GROUND-PLANE ANTENNAS
EXAMPLES OF VERTICALS
1.8 TO 3.5-MHz VERTICAL USING AN EXISTING TOWER
SIMPLE, EFFECTIVE, ELEVATED GROUND-PLANE ANTENNAS
PHASED VERTICALS
The Half-Square Antenna
The Half-Square Antenna
Short Vertical Antennas
BASE LOADING A SHORT VERTICAL ANTENAN
OTHER WAYS OF LOADING A SHORT ANTENNA FOR RESONANCE
THE COMPACT VERTICAL DIPOLE
LINEAR LOADING
COMBINED LOADING
SHORTENING THE RADIALS
EXAMPLES OF SHORT VERTICALS
SHORTENED DIPOLES
BASE LOADING A SHORT VERTICAL ANTENAN
OTHER WAYS OF LOADING A SHORT ANTENNA FOR RESONANCE
THE COMPACT VERTICAL DIPOLE
LINEAR LOADING
COMBINED LOADING
SHORTENING THE RADIALS
EXAMPLES OF SHORT VERTICALS
SHORTENED DIPOLES
Inverted-L Antennas
A DIFFERENT APPROACH
A DIFFERENT APPROACH
Sloper Antennas
THE HALF-WAVE SLOPING DIPOLE
THE QUARTER-WAVELENGTH "HALF SLOPER"
1.8-MHz ANTENNA SYSTEMS USING TOWERS
THE K1WA 7-MHz "SLOPER SYSTEM"
THE HALF-WAVE SLOPING DIPOLE
THE QUARTER-WAVELENGTH "HALF SLOPER"
1.8-MHz ANTENNA SYSTEMS USING TOWERS
THE K1WA 7-MHz "SLOPER SYSTEM"
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The Importance of Low Angles on the Low Bands
Short/Medium-Range Communications
HAM RADIO RESPONSE IN NATURAL DISASTERS
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE FOR NVIS
CHOOSING THE RIGHT NVIS FREQUENCY
SOME OTHER OBSERVATIONS ABOUT NVIS--STRATEGY
SOME OTHER OBSERVATIONS ABOUT NVIS--ANTENNA HEIGHT
LOW NVIS ANTENNAS AND LOCAL POWERLINE NOISE
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR MODERATE DISTANCES ON 75/80 METERS
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR MODERATE DISTANCES ON 40 METERS
NVIS SUMMARY
HAM RADIO RESPONSE IN NATURAL DISASTERS
GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE FOR NVIS
CHOOSING THE RIGHT NVIS FREQUENCY
SOME OTHER OBSERVATIONS ABOUT NVIS--STRATEGY
SOME OTHER OBSERVATIONS ABOUT NVIS--ANTENNA HEIGHT
LOW NVIS ANTENNAS AND LOCAL POWERLINE NOISE
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR MODERATE DISTANCES ON 75/80 METERS
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR MODERATE DISTANCES ON 40 METERS
NVIS SUMMARY
Horizontal Antennas for the Low Bands
DIPOLE ANTENNAS
PHASED HORIZONTAL ARRAYS
A MODIFIED EXTENDED DOUBLE ZEPP
DIPOLE ANTENNAS
PHASED HORIZONTAL ARRAYS
A MODIFIED EXTENDED DOUBLE ZEPP
Vertical Antennas
THE HALF-WAVE VERTICAL DIPOLE (HVD)
MONOPOLE VERTICALS WITH GROUND PLANE RADIALS
ELEVATED RADIALS & COUNTERPOISES
GROUND-PLANE ANTENNAS
EXAMPLES OF VERTICALS
1.8 TO 3.5-MHz VERTICAL USING AN EXISTING TOWER
SIMPLE, EFFECTIVE, ELEVATED GROUND-PLANE ANTENNAS
PHASED VERTICALS
The Half-Square Antenna
The Half-Square Antenna
THE HALF-WAVE VERTICAL DIPOLE (HVD)
MONOPOLE VERTICALS WITH GROUND PLANE RADIALS
ELEVATED RADIALS & COUNTERPOISES
GROUND-PLANE ANTENNAS
EXAMPLES OF VERTICALS
1.8 TO 3.5-MHz VERTICAL USING AN EXISTING TOWER
SIMPLE, EFFECTIVE, ELEVATED GROUND-PLANE ANTENNAS
PHASED VERTICALS
The Half-Square Antenna
The Half-Square Antenna
Short Vertical Antennas
BASE LOADING A SHORT VERTICAL ANTENAN
OTHER WAYS OF LOADING A SHORT ANTENNA FOR RESONANCE
THE COMPACT VERTICAL DIPOLE
LINEAR LOADING
COMBINED LOADING
SHORTENING THE RADIALS
EXAMPLES OF SHORT VERTICALS
SHORTENED DIPOLES
BASE LOADING A SHORT VERTICAL ANTENAN
OTHER WAYS OF LOADING A SHORT ANTENNA FOR RESONANCE
THE COMPACT VERTICAL DIPOLE
LINEAR LOADING
COMBINED LOADING
SHORTENING THE RADIALS
EXAMPLES OF SHORT VERTICALS
SHORTENED DIPOLES
Inverted-L Antennas
A DIFFERENT APPROACH
A DIFFERENT APPROACH
Sloper Antennas
THE HALF-WAVE SLOPING DIPOLE
THE QUARTER-WAVELENGTH "HALF SLOPER"
1.8-MHz ANTENNA SYSTEMS USING TOWERS
THE K1WA 7-MHz "SLOPER SYSTEM"
THE HALF-WAVE SLOPING DIPOLE
THE QUARTER-WAVELENGTH "HALF SLOPER"
1.8-MHz ANTENNA SYSTEMS USING TOWERS
THE K1WA 7-MHz "SLOPER SYSTEM"
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 7 - Multiband Antennas
Simple Wire Antennas
END-FED ANTENNAS
CENTER-FED ANTENNAS
THE 135-FOOT, 80 TO 100-METER DIPOLE
THE G5RV MULTIBAND ANTENNA
THE WINDOM ANTENNA
MULTIPLE-DIPOLE ANTENNAS
OFF-CENTER-FED DIPOLES
END-FED ANTENNAS
CENTER-FED ANTENNAS
THE 135-FOOT, 80 TO 100-METER DIPOLE
THE G5RV MULTIBAND ANTENNA
THE WINDOM ANTENNA
MULTIPLE-DIPOLE ANTENNAS
OFF-CENTER-FED DIPOLES
Trap Antennas
Trap Losses
FIVE-BAND W3DZZ TRAP ANTENNA
TWO W8NX MULTIBAND, COAX-TRAP DIPOLES
Trap Losses
FIVE-BAND W3DZZ TRAP ANTENNA
TWO W8NX MULTIBAND, COAX-TRAP DIPOLES
Multiband Vertical Antennas
A TRAP VERTICAL FOR 21 & 28 MHz
A TRAP VERTICAL FOR 21 & 28 MHz
The Open-Sleeve Antenna
Practical Construction and Evaluation
Practical Construction and Evaluation
The Coupled-Resonator Dipole
The Coupled-Resonator Principle
Some History
A Little Math
Characteristics of C-R Antennas
A 30/17/12-Meter Dipole
Summary
The Coupled-Resonator Principle
Some History
A Little Math
Characteristics of C-R Antennas
A 30/17/12-Meter Dipole
Summary
HF Discone Antennas
History of the Discone
W8NWF's First Discone: the A-Frame Discone
A Really Big Discone
Radiation Patterns for the Discones
History of the Discone
W8NWF's First Discone: the A-Frame Discone
A Really Big Discone
Radiation Patterns for the Discones
Harmonic Radiation from Multiband Antennas
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Simple Wire Antennas
END-FED ANTENNAS
CENTER-FED ANTENNAS
THE 135-FOOT, 80 TO 100-METER DIPOLE
THE G5RV MULTIBAND ANTENNA
THE WINDOM ANTENNA
MULTIPLE-DIPOLE ANTENNAS
OFF-CENTER-FED DIPOLES
END-FED ANTENNAS
CENTER-FED ANTENNAS
THE 135-FOOT, 80 TO 100-METER DIPOLE
THE G5RV MULTIBAND ANTENNA
THE WINDOM ANTENNA
MULTIPLE-DIPOLE ANTENNAS
OFF-CENTER-FED DIPOLES
Trap Antennas
Trap Losses
FIVE-BAND W3DZZ TRAP ANTENNA
TWO W8NX MULTIBAND, COAX-TRAP DIPOLES
Trap Losses
FIVE-BAND W3DZZ TRAP ANTENNA
TWO W8NX MULTIBAND, COAX-TRAP DIPOLES
Multiband Vertical Antennas
A TRAP VERTICAL FOR 21 & 28 MHz
A TRAP VERTICAL FOR 21 & 28 MHz
The Open-Sleeve Antenna
Practical Construction and Evaluation
Practical Construction and Evaluation
The Coupled-Resonator Dipole
The Coupled-Resonator Principle
Some History
A Little Math
Characteristics of C-R Antennas
A 30/17/12-Meter Dipole
Summary
The Coupled-Resonator Principle
Some History
A Little Math
Characteristics of C-R Antennas
A 30/17/12-Meter Dipole
Summary
HF Discone Antennas
History of the Discone
W8NWF's First Discone: the A-Frame Discone
A Really Big Discone
Radiation Patterns for the Discones
History of the Discone
W8NWF's First Discone: the A-Frame Discone
A Really Big Discone
Radiation Patterns for the Discones
Harmonic Radiation from Multiband Antennas
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 8 - Multielement Arrays
DEFINITIONS
Phase
Ground Effects
Phase
Ground Effects
MUTUAL IMPEDANCE
Amplitude of Induced Current
Phase Relationships
Tuning Conditions
Amplitude of Induced Current
Phase Relationships
Tuning Conditions
MUTUAL IMPEDANCE & GAIN
GAIN & ARRAY DIMENSIONS
PARASITIC ARRAYS
Driven Arrays
Current Distribution in Phased Arrays
Current Distribution in Phased Arrays
Phased Array Techniques
OVERVIEW
FUNDAMENTALS OF PHASED ARRAYS
Radiation Efficiency
Field Reinforcement and Cancellation
Gain
Nulls
Mutual Coupling
Loss Resistance, Mutual Coupling & Antenna Gain
Radiation Efficiency
Field Reinforcement and Cancellation
Gain
Nulls
Mutual Coupling
Loss Resistance, Mutual Coupling & Antenna Gain
FEEDING PHASED ARRAYS
The Role of Element Currents
Feed-point vs Element Current
The Role of Element Currents
Feed-point vs Element Current
COMMON PHASED-ARRAY FEED SYSTEMS
The "Phasing-Line" Approach
The Wilkinson Divider
The Hybrid Coupler
Large Array Feed Systems
The Broadcast Approach
The "Magic Bullet"
The "Phasing-Line" Approach
The Wilkinson Divider
The Hybrid Coupler
Large Array Feed Systems
The Broadcast Approach
The "Magic Bullet"
RECOMMENDED FEED METHODS FOR AMATEUR ARRAYS
Current Forcing with Quarter-Wave Lines--Elements In-Phase or 180° Out-of-Phase
"The Simplest Phased Array Feed System--That Works"
An Adjustable L-Network Feed System
Additional Considerations
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Current Forcing with Quarter-Wave Lines--Elements In-Phase or 180° Out-of-Phase
"The Simplest Phased Array Feed System--That Works"
An Adjustable L-Network Feed System
Additional Considerations
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
OVERVIEW
FUNDAMENTALS OF PHASED ARRAYS
Radiation Efficiency
Field Reinforcement and Cancellation
Gain
Nulls
Mutual Coupling
Loss Resistance, Mutual Coupling & Antenna Gain
Radiation Efficiency
Field Reinforcement and Cancellation
Gain
Nulls
Mutual Coupling
Loss Resistance, Mutual Coupling & Antenna Gain
FEEDING PHASED ARRAYS
The Role of Element Currents
Feed-point vs Element Current
The Role of Element Currents
Feed-point vs Element Current
COMMON PHASED-ARRAY FEED SYSTEMS
The "Phasing-Line" Approach
The Wilkinson Divider
The Hybrid Coupler
Large Array Feed Systems
The Broadcast Approach
The "Magic Bullet"
The "Phasing-Line" Approach
The Wilkinson Divider
The Hybrid Coupler
Large Array Feed Systems
The Broadcast Approach
The "Magic Bullet"
RECOMMENDED FEED METHODS FOR AMATEUR ARRAYS
Current Forcing with Quarter-Wave Lines--Elements In-Phase or 180° Out-of-Phase
"The Simplest Phased Array Feed System--That Works"
An Adjustable L-Network Feed System
Additional Considerations
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Current Forcing with Quarter-Wave Lines--Elements In-Phase or 180° Out-of-Phase
"The Simplest Phased Array Feed System--That Works"
An Adjustable L-Network Feed System
Additional Considerations
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Phased Array Design Examples
General Array Design Considerations
Choosing Arrayfeed1 Solutions
90° Fed, 90° Spaced Array
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L Network Feed System
Pattern Verification & Effect of Loss Resistance--"Simplest" System
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L Network Feed System
Pattern Verification & Effect of Loss Resistance--"Simplest" System
A Three-Element Binomial Broadside Array
A "Four-Square" Array
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
A Four-Element Rectangular Array
"Simplest" (Transmission-Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest" (Transmission-Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
120° Fed, 60° Spaced Dipole Array
"Simplest (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF PHASED ARRAY DESIGN
Adjusting Phased Array Feed Systems
Measuring Element Currents
Directional Switching of Arrays
Basic Switching Methods
Powering Relays Through Feed Lines
Improving Array-Switching Systems
Measuring the Electrical Length of Feed Lines
Measuring Mutual Impedance
Adjusting Phased Array Feed Systems
Measuring Element Currents
Directional Switching of Arrays
Basic Switching Methods
Powering Relays Through Feed Lines
Improving Array-Switching Systems
Measuring the Electrical Length of Feed Lines
Measuring Mutual Impedance
General Array Design Considerations
Choosing Arrayfeed1 Solutions
90° Fed, 90° Spaced Array
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L Network Feed System
Pattern Verification & Effect of Loss Resistance--"Simplest" System
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L Network Feed System
Pattern Verification & Effect of Loss Resistance--"Simplest" System
A Three-Element Binomial Broadside Array
A "Four-Square" Array
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
A Four-Element Rectangular Array
"Simplest" (Transmission-Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest" (Transmission-Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
120° Fed, 60° Spaced Dipole Array
"Simplest (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF PHASED ARRAY DESIGN
Adjusting Phased Array Feed Systems
Measuring Element Currents
Directional Switching of Arrays
Basic Switching Methods
Powering Relays Through Feed Lines
Improving Array-Switching Systems
Measuring the Electrical Length of Feed Lines
Measuring Mutual Impedance
Adjusting Phased Array Feed Systems
Measuring Element Currents
Directional Switching of Arrays
Basic Switching Methods
Powering Relays Through Feed Lines
Improving Array-Switching Systems
Measuring the Electrical Length of Feed Lines
Measuring Mutual Impedance
Broadside Arrays
COLLINEAR ARRAYS
POWER GAIN
DIRECTIVITY
TWO-ELEMENT ARRAYS
THREE- & FOUR-ELEMENT ARRAYS
ADJUSTMENT
THE EXTENDED DOUBLE ZEPP
THE STERBA ARRAY
COLLINEAR ARRAYS
POWER GAIN
DIRECTIVITY
TWO-ELEMENT ARRAYS
THREE- & FOUR-ELEMENT ARRAYS
ADJUSTMENT
THE EXTENDED DOUBLE ZEPP
THE STERBA ARRAY
Parallel Broadside Arrays
POWER GAIN
DIRECTIVITY
POWER GAIN
DIRECTIVITY
Other Forms Of Broadside Arrays
NON-UNIFORM ELEMENT CURRENTS
HALF-SQUARE ANTENNA
BOBTAIL CURTAIN
THE BRUCE ARRAY
FOUR-ELEMENT BROADSIDE ARRAY
THE BI-SQUARE ANTENNA
NON-UNIFORM ELEMENT CURRENTS
HALF-SQUARE ANTENNA
BOBTAIL CURTAIN
THE BRUCE ARRAY
FOUR-ELEMENT BROADSIDE ARRAY
THE BI-SQUARE ANTENNA
End-Fire Arrays
TWO-ELEMENT END-FIRE ARRAY
THE W8JK ARRAY
FOUR-ELEMENT END-FIRE & COLLINEAR ARRAYS
FOUR-ELEMENT DRIVEN ARRAYS
EIGHT-ELEMENT DRIVEN ARRAYS
PHASING ARROWS IN ARRAY ELEMENTS
TWO-ELEMENT END-FIRE ARRAY
THE W8JK ARRAY
FOUR-ELEMENT END-FIRE & COLLINEAR ARRAYS
FOUR-ELEMENT DRIVEN ARRAYS
EIGHT-ELEMENT DRIVEN ARRAYS
PHASING ARROWS IN ARRAY ELEMENTS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Appendix A--EZNEC-ARRL Examples
DEFINITIONS
Phase
Ground Effects
Phase
Ground Effects
MUTUAL IMPEDANCE
Amplitude of Induced Current
Phase Relationships
Tuning Conditions
Amplitude of Induced Current
Phase Relationships
Tuning Conditions
MUTUAL IMPEDANCE & GAIN
GAIN & ARRAY DIMENSIONS
PARASITIC ARRAYS
Driven Arrays
Current Distribution in Phased Arrays
Current Distribution in Phased Arrays
Phased Array Techniques
OVERVIEW
FUNDAMENTALS OF PHASED ARRAYS
Radiation Efficiency
Field Reinforcement and Cancellation
Gain
Nulls
Mutual Coupling
Loss Resistance, Mutual Coupling & Antenna Gain
Radiation Efficiency
Field Reinforcement and Cancellation
Gain
Nulls
Mutual Coupling
Loss Resistance, Mutual Coupling & Antenna Gain
FEEDING PHASED ARRAYS
The Role of Element Currents
Feed-point vs Element Current
The Role of Element Currents
Feed-point vs Element Current
COMMON PHASED-ARRAY FEED SYSTEMS
The "Phasing-Line" Approach
The Wilkinson Divider
The Hybrid Coupler
Large Array Feed Systems
The Broadcast Approach
The "Magic Bullet"
The "Phasing-Line" Approach
The Wilkinson Divider
The Hybrid Coupler
Large Array Feed Systems
The Broadcast Approach
The "Magic Bullet"
RECOMMENDED FEED METHODS FOR AMATEUR ARRAYS
Current Forcing with Quarter-Wave Lines--Elements In-Phase or 180° Out-of-Phase
"The Simplest Phased Array Feed System--That Works"
An Adjustable L-Network Feed System
Additional Considerations
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Current Forcing with Quarter-Wave Lines--Elements In-Phase or 180° Out-of-Phase
"The Simplest Phased Array Feed System--That Works"
An Adjustable L-Network Feed System
Additional Considerations
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
OVERVIEW
FUNDAMENTALS OF PHASED ARRAYS
Radiation Efficiency
Field Reinforcement and Cancellation
Gain
Nulls
Mutual Coupling
Loss Resistance, Mutual Coupling & Antenna Gain
Radiation Efficiency
Field Reinforcement and Cancellation
Gain
Nulls
Mutual Coupling
Loss Resistance, Mutual Coupling & Antenna Gain
FEEDING PHASED ARRAYS
The Role of Element Currents
Feed-point vs Element Current
The Role of Element Currents
Feed-point vs Element Current
COMMON PHASED-ARRAY FEED SYSTEMS
The "Phasing-Line" Approach
The Wilkinson Divider
The Hybrid Coupler
Large Array Feed Systems
The Broadcast Approach
The "Magic Bullet"
The "Phasing-Line" Approach
The Wilkinson Divider
The Hybrid Coupler
Large Array Feed Systems
The Broadcast Approach
The "Magic Bullet"
RECOMMENDED FEED METHODS FOR AMATEUR ARRAYS
Current Forcing with Quarter-Wave Lines--Elements In-Phase or 180° Out-of-Phase
"The Simplest Phased Array Feed System--That Works"
An Adjustable L-Network Feed System
Additional Considerations
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Current Forcing with Quarter-Wave Lines--Elements In-Phase or 180° Out-of-Phase
"The Simplest Phased Array Feed System--That Works"
An Adjustable L-Network Feed System
Additional Considerations
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Feeding 4-Element and Larger Arrays
What if the Elements Aren't Identical
Shunt and Gamma Fed Towers & Elements
Loading, Matching & Other Networks
Baluns in Phased Arrays
Receiving Arrays
Phased Array Design Examples
General Array Design Considerations
Choosing Arrayfeed1 Solutions
90° Fed, 90° Spaced Array
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L Network Feed System
Pattern Verification & Effect of Loss Resistance--"Simplest" System
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L Network Feed System
Pattern Verification & Effect of Loss Resistance--"Simplest" System
A Three-Element Binomial Broadside Array
A "Four-Square" Array
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
A Four-Element Rectangular Array
"Simplest" (Transmission-Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest" (Transmission-Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
120° Fed, 60° Spaced Dipole Array
"Simplest (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF PHASED ARRAY DESIGN
Adjusting Phased Array Feed Systems
Measuring Element Currents
Directional Switching of Arrays
Basic Switching Methods
Powering Relays Through Feed Lines
Improving Array-Switching Systems
Measuring the Electrical Length of Feed Lines
Measuring Mutual Impedance
Adjusting Phased Array Feed Systems
Measuring Element Currents
Directional Switching of Arrays
Basic Switching Methods
Powering Relays Through Feed Lines
Improving Array-Switching Systems
Measuring the Electrical Length of Feed Lines
Measuring Mutual Impedance
General Array Design Considerations
Choosing Arrayfeed1 Solutions
90° Fed, 90° Spaced Array
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L Network Feed System
Pattern Verification & Effect of Loss Resistance--"Simplest" System
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L Network Feed System
Pattern Verification & Effect of Loss Resistance--"Simplest" System
A Three-Element Binomial Broadside Array
A "Four-Square" Array
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest" (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
A Four-Element Rectangular Array
"Simplest" (Transmission-Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest" (Transmission-Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
120° Fed, 60° Spaced Dipole Array
"Simplest (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
"Simplest (Transmission Line Only) Feed System
L-Network Feed System
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF PHASED ARRAY DESIGN
Adjusting Phased Array Feed Systems
Measuring Element Currents
Directional Switching of Arrays
Basic Switching Methods
Powering Relays Through Feed Lines
Improving Array-Switching Systems
Measuring the Electrical Length of Feed Lines
Measuring Mutual Impedance
Adjusting Phased Array Feed Systems
Measuring Element Currents
Directional Switching of Arrays
Basic Switching Methods
Powering Relays Through Feed Lines
Improving Array-Switching Systems
Measuring the Electrical Length of Feed Lines
Measuring Mutual Impedance
Broadside Arrays
COLLINEAR ARRAYS
POWER GAIN
DIRECTIVITY
TWO-ELEMENT ARRAYS
THREE- & FOUR-ELEMENT ARRAYS
ADJUSTMENT
THE EXTENDED DOUBLE ZEPP
THE STERBA ARRAY
COLLINEAR ARRAYS
POWER GAIN
DIRECTIVITY
TWO-ELEMENT ARRAYS
THREE- & FOUR-ELEMENT ARRAYS
ADJUSTMENT
THE EXTENDED DOUBLE ZEPP
THE STERBA ARRAY
Parallel Broadside Arrays
POWER GAIN
DIRECTIVITY
POWER GAIN
DIRECTIVITY
Other Forms Of Broadside Arrays
NON-UNIFORM ELEMENT CURRENTS
HALF-SQUARE ANTENNA
BOBTAIL CURTAIN
THE BRUCE ARRAY
FOUR-ELEMENT BROADSIDE ARRAY
THE BI-SQUARE ANTENNA
NON-UNIFORM ELEMENT CURRENTS
HALF-SQUARE ANTENNA
BOBTAIL CURTAIN
THE BRUCE ARRAY
FOUR-ELEMENT BROADSIDE ARRAY
THE BI-SQUARE ANTENNA
End-Fire Arrays
TWO-ELEMENT END-FIRE ARRAY
THE W8JK ARRAY
FOUR-ELEMENT END-FIRE & COLLINEAR ARRAYS
FOUR-ELEMENT DRIVEN ARRAYS
EIGHT-ELEMENT DRIVEN ARRAYS
PHASING ARROWS IN ARRAY ELEMENTS
TWO-ELEMENT END-FIRE ARRAY
THE W8JK ARRAY
FOUR-ELEMENT END-FIRE & COLLINEAR ARRAYS
FOUR-ELEMENT DRIVEN ARRAYS
EIGHT-ELEMENT DRIVEN ARRAYS
PHASING ARROWS IN ARRAY ELEMENTS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Appendix A--EZNEC-ARRL Examples
Chapter 9 - Broadband Antenna Matching
GENERAL CONCEPTS
The Objective
Resonant Antennas
Loss
The Objective
Resonant Antennas
Loss
Simple Broadband Matching Techniques
The Cage Dipole
Stagger-Tuned Dipoles
Stagger Tuned Radials
The Cage Dipole
Stagger-Tuned Dipoles
Stagger Tuned Radials
FEED-LINE IMPEDANCE MATCHING
PARALLEL-TUNED CIRCUITS AT THE ANTENNA TERMINALS
The Double Bazooka
The Crossed Double Bazooka
The Double Bazooka
The Crossed Double Bazooka
MATCHING NETWORK DESIGN
Optimum Matching
Chevyshev Matching
Optimum Matching
Chevyshev Matching
LC-MATCHING NETWORKS
80-Meter DXer's Delight
80-Meter DXer's Delight
PROPERTIES OF TRANSMISSION-LINE RESONATORS
The TLR Transformer
The TLR Transformer
TRANSMISSION-LINE RESONATORS AS PART OF THE ANTENNA
The Coaxial-Resonator Match
The Snyder Dipole
The Improved Crossed-Double Bazooka
The Coaxial-Resonator Match
The Snyder Dipole
The Improved Crossed-Double Bazooka
TRANSMISSION-LINE RESONATORS AS PART OF THE FEED LINE
A Simple Broadband Dipole for 80 Meters
80-Meter Dipole with the TLR Transformer
A Simple Broadband Dipole for 80 Meters
80-Meter Dipole with the TLR Transformer
BIBLIOGRAPHY
GENERAL CONCEPTS
The Objective
Resonant Antennas
Loss
The Objective
Resonant Antennas
Loss
Simple Broadband Matching Techniques
The Cage Dipole
Stagger-Tuned Dipoles
Stagger Tuned Radials
The Cage Dipole
Stagger-Tuned Dipoles
Stagger Tuned Radials
FEED-LINE IMPEDANCE MATCHING
PARALLEL-TUNED CIRCUITS AT THE ANTENNA TERMINALS
The Double Bazooka
The Crossed Double Bazooka
The Double Bazooka
The Crossed Double Bazooka
MATCHING NETWORK DESIGN
Optimum Matching
Chevyshev Matching
Optimum Matching
Chevyshev Matching
LC-MATCHING NETWORKS
80-Meter DXer's Delight
80-Meter DXer's Delight
PROPERTIES OF TRANSMISSION-LINE RESONATORS
The TLR Transformer
The TLR Transformer
TRANSMISSION-LINE RESONATORS AS PART OF THE ANTENNA
The Coaxial-Resonator Match
The Snyder Dipole
The Improved Crossed-Double Bazooka
The Coaxial-Resonator Match
The Snyder Dipole
The Improved Crossed-Double Bazooka
TRANSMISSION-LINE RESONATORS AS PART OF THE FEED LINE
A Simple Broadband Dipole for 80 Meters
80-Meter Dipole with the TLR Transformer
A Simple Broadband Dipole for 80 Meters
80-Meter Dipole with the TLR Transformer
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 10 - Log Periodic Arrays
BASIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
LPDA Design and Computers
LPDA Behavior
Feeding and Constructing the LPDA
Special Design Corrections
LPDA Design and Computers
LPDA Behavior
Feeding and Constructing the LPDA
Special Design Corrections
A DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR AN LPDA
Log-Cell Yagis
Log-Cell Yagis
Wire Log-Periodic Dipole Arrays for 3.5 or 7 MHz
DESIGN OF THE LOG-PERIODIC DIPOLE ARRAYS
DESIGN OF THE LOG-PERIODIC DIPOLE ARRAYS
5-Band Log Periodic Dipole Array
The Telerana
Improving the Telerana
The Pounder: A Single-Band 144-MHz LPDA
Construction
The Feed Arrangement
Construction
The Feed Arrangement
Log Periodic-Yagi Arrays
THE LOG-YAG ARRAY
THE LOG-YAG ARRAY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BASIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
LPDA Design and Computers
LPDA Behavior
Feeding and Constructing the LPDA
Special Design Corrections
LPDA Design and Computers
LPDA Behavior
Feeding and Constructing the LPDA
Special Design Corrections
A DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR AN LPDA
Log-Cell Yagis
Log-Cell Yagis
Wire Log-Periodic Dipole Arrays for 3.5 or 7 MHz
DESIGN OF THE LOG-PERIODIC DIPOLE ARRAYS
DESIGN OF THE LOG-PERIODIC DIPOLE ARRAYS
5-Band Log Periodic Dipole Array
The Telerana
Improving the Telerana
The Pounder: A Single-Band 144-MHz LPDA
Construction
The Feed Arrangement
Construction
The Feed Arrangement
Log Periodic-Yagi Arrays
THE LOG-YAG ARRAY
THE LOG-YAG ARRAY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 11 - HF Yagi Arrays
Yagi Performance Parameters
YAGI GAIN
RESPONSE PATTERNS--FRONT-TO-REAR RATIO
DRIVE IMPEDANCE & SWR
YAGI GAIN
RESPONSE PATTERNS--FRONT-TO-REAR RATIO
DRIVE IMPEDANCE & SWR
Monoband Yagi Performance Optimization
DESIGN GOALS
DESIGN VARIABLES
GAIN & BOOM LENGTH
OPTIMUM DESIGNS & ELEMENT SPACING
Two-Element Yagis
Element Spacing in Larger Yagis
Two-Element Yagis
Element Spacing in Larger Yagis
ELEMENT TUNING
DESIGN GOALS
DESIGN VARIABLES
GAIN & BOOM LENGTH
OPTIMUM DESIGNS & ELEMENT SPACING
Two-Element Yagis
Element Spacing in Larger Yagis
Two-Element Yagis
Element Spacing in Larger Yagis
ELEMENT TUNING
Specific Monoband Yagi Designs
Half Elements
Matching System
10-METER YAGIS
12-METER YAGIS
15-METER YAGIS
17-METER YAGIS
20-METER YAGIS
30-METER YAGIS
40-METER YAGIS
Half Elements
Matching System
10-METER YAGIS
12-METER YAGIS
15-METER YAGIS
17-METER YAGIS
20-METER YAGIS
30-METER YAGIS
40-METER YAGIS
Modifying Monoband Hy-Gain Yagis
Multiband Yagis
INTERLACING ELEMENTS
TRAPPED MULTIBANDERS
Christmas Tree Stacks
Forward Staggering
INTERLACING ELEMENTS
TRAPPED MULTIBANDERS
Christmas Tree Stacks
Forward Staggering
Stacked Yagis
STACKS & GAIN
STACKS & WIDE ELEVATION FOOTPRINTS
A 10-Meter Example
A 15-Meter Example
A 20-Meter Example
A 10-Meter Example
A 15-Meter Example
A 20-Meter Example
SPARE ME THE NULLS!
STACKING DISTANCES BETWEEN YAGIS
Switching Out Yagis in the Stack
Stacking Distance & Lobes at HF
Changing the Stack Spacing
Longer Boom Length & Stack Spacing
Are Higher-Angle Lobes Important?
Stacking Distances for Multiband Yagis
Summary, Stacking Distances
Switching Out Yagis in the Stack
Stacking Distance & Lobes at HF
Changing the Stack Spacing
Longer Boom Length & Stack Spacing
Are Higher-Angle Lobes Important?
Stacking Distances for Multiband Yagis
Summary, Stacking Distances
STACKS & FADING
STACKS & PRECIPITATION STATIC
STACKS & AZIMUTHAL DIVERSITY
THE N6BV/1 ANTENNA SYSTEM--BRUTE FORCE FEEDING
WHY TRIBANDERS?
THE K1VR ARRAY: A MORE ELEGANT APPROACH TO MATCHING
SOME SUGGESTIONS FOR STACKING TRIBANDERS
THE WX0B APPROACH TO STACK MATCHING & FEEDING
"BIP/BOP" OPERATION
STACKING DISIMILAR YAGIS
STACKS & GAIN
STACKS & WIDE ELEVATION FOOTPRINTS
A 10-Meter Example
A 15-Meter Example
A 20-Meter Example
A 10-Meter Example
A 15-Meter Example
A 20-Meter Example
SPARE ME THE NULLS!
STACKING DISTANCES BETWEEN YAGIS
Switching Out Yagis in the Stack
Stacking Distance & Lobes at HF
Changing the Stack Spacing
Longer Boom Length & Stack Spacing
Are Higher-Angle Lobes Important?
Stacking Distances for Multiband Yagis
Summary, Stacking Distances
Switching Out Yagis in the Stack
Stacking Distance & Lobes at HF
Changing the Stack Spacing
Longer Boom Length & Stack Spacing
Are Higher-Angle Lobes Important?
Stacking Distances for Multiband Yagis
Summary, Stacking Distances
STACKS & FADING
STACKS & PRECIPITATION STATIC
STACKS & AZIMUTHAL DIVERSITY
THE N6BV/1 ANTENNA SYSTEM--BRUTE FORCE FEEDING
WHY TRIBANDERS?
THE K1VR ARRAY: A MORE ELEGANT APPROACH TO MATCHING
SOME SUGGESTIONS FOR STACKING TRIBANDERS
THE WX0B APPROACH TO STACK MATCHING & FEEDING
"BIP/BOP" OPERATION
STACKING DISIMILAR YAGIS
Real-World Terrain and Stacks
OPTIMIZING OVER LOCAL TERRAIN
SO NEAR, YET SO FAR
OPTIMIZING OVER LOCAL TERRAIN
SO NEAR, YET SO FAR
Moxon Rectangle Beams
Yagi Performance Parameters
YAGI GAIN
RESPONSE PATTERNS--FRONT-TO-REAR RATIO
DRIVE IMPEDANCE & SWR
YAGI GAIN
RESPONSE PATTERNS--FRONT-TO-REAR RATIO
DRIVE IMPEDANCE & SWR
Monoband Yagi Performance Optimization
DESIGN GOALS
DESIGN VARIABLES
GAIN & BOOM LENGTH
OPTIMUM DESIGNS & ELEMENT SPACING
Two-Element Yagis
Element Spacing in Larger Yagis
Two-Element Yagis
Element Spacing in Larger Yagis
ELEMENT TUNING
DESIGN GOALS
DESIGN VARIABLES
GAIN & BOOM LENGTH
OPTIMUM DESIGNS & ELEMENT SPACING
Two-Element Yagis
Element Spacing in Larger Yagis
Two-Element Yagis
Element Spacing in Larger Yagis
ELEMENT TUNING
Specific Monoband Yagi Designs
Half Elements
Matching System
10-METER YAGIS
12-METER YAGIS
15-METER YAGIS
17-METER YAGIS
20-METER YAGIS
30-METER YAGIS
40-METER YAGIS
Half Elements
Matching System
10-METER YAGIS
12-METER YAGIS
15-METER YAGIS
17-METER YAGIS
20-METER YAGIS
30-METER YAGIS
40-METER YAGIS
Modifying Monoband Hy-Gain Yagis
Multiband Yagis
INTERLACING ELEMENTS
TRAPPED MULTIBANDERS
Christmas Tree Stacks
Forward Staggering
INTERLACING ELEMENTS
TRAPPED MULTIBANDERS
Christmas Tree Stacks
Forward Staggering
Stacked Yagis
STACKS & GAIN
STACKS & WIDE ELEVATION FOOTPRINTS
A 10-Meter Example
A 15-Meter Example
A 20-Meter Example
A 10-Meter Example
A 15-Meter Example
A 20-Meter Example
SPARE ME THE NULLS!
STACKING DISTANCES BETWEEN YAGIS
Switching Out Yagis in the Stack
Stacking Distance & Lobes at HF
Changing the Stack Spacing
Longer Boom Length & Stack Spacing
Are Higher-Angle Lobes Important?
Stacking Distances for Multiband Yagis
Summary, Stacking Distances
Switching Out Yagis in the Stack
Stacking Distance & Lobes at HF
Changing the Stack Spacing
Longer Boom Length & Stack Spacing
Are Higher-Angle Lobes Important?
Stacking Distances for Multiband Yagis
Summary, Stacking Distances
STACKS & FADING
STACKS & PRECIPITATION STATIC
STACKS & AZIMUTHAL DIVERSITY
THE N6BV/1 ANTENNA SYSTEM--BRUTE FORCE FEEDING
WHY TRIBANDERS?
THE K1VR ARRAY: A MORE ELEGANT APPROACH TO MATCHING
SOME SUGGESTIONS FOR STACKING TRIBANDERS
THE WX0B APPROACH TO STACK MATCHING & FEEDING
"BIP/BOP" OPERATION
STACKING DISIMILAR YAGIS
STACKS & GAIN
STACKS & WIDE ELEVATION FOOTPRINTS
A 10-Meter Example
A 15-Meter Example
A 20-Meter Example
A 10-Meter Example
A 15-Meter Example
A 20-Meter Example
SPARE ME THE NULLS!
STACKING DISTANCES BETWEEN YAGIS
Switching Out Yagis in the Stack
Stacking Distance & Lobes at HF
Changing the Stack Spacing
Longer Boom Length & Stack Spacing
Are Higher-Angle Lobes Important?
Stacking Distances for Multiband Yagis
Summary, Stacking Distances
Switching Out Yagis in the Stack
Stacking Distance & Lobes at HF
Changing the Stack Spacing
Longer Boom Length & Stack Spacing
Are Higher-Angle Lobes Important?
Stacking Distances for Multiband Yagis
Summary, Stacking Distances
STACKS & FADING
STACKS & PRECIPITATION STATIC
STACKS & AZIMUTHAL DIVERSITY
THE N6BV/1 ANTENNA SYSTEM--BRUTE FORCE FEEDING
WHY TRIBANDERS?
THE K1VR ARRAY: A MORE ELEGANT APPROACH TO MATCHING
SOME SUGGESTIONS FOR STACKING TRIBANDERS
THE WX0B APPROACH TO STACK MATCHING & FEEDING
"BIP/BOP" OPERATION
STACKING DISIMILAR YAGIS
Real-World Terrain and Stacks
OPTIMIZING OVER LOCAL TERRAIN
SO NEAR, YET SO FAR
OPTIMIZING OVER LOCAL TERRAIN
SO NEAR, YET SO FAR
Moxon Rectangle Beams
Chapter 12 - Quad Arrays
Is a Quad Better at Low Heights than a Yagi?
Multiband Quads
CONSTRUCTING A QUAD
Making It Sturdy
Diamond or Square?
Making It Sturdy
Diamond or Square?
Two Multiband Quads
A FIVE-ELEMENT, 26-FOOT BOOM TRIBAND QUAD
A TWO-ELEMENT, 8-FOOT BOOM PENTABAND QUAD
A FIVE-ELEMENT, 26-FOOT BOOM TRIBAND QUAD
A TWO-ELEMENT, 8-FOOT BOOM PENTABAND QUAD
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Is a Quad Better at Low Heights than a Yagi?
Multiband Quads
CONSTRUCTING A QUAD
Making It Sturdy
Diamond or Square?
Making It Sturdy
Diamond or Square?
Two Multiband Quads
A FIVE-ELEMENT, 26-FOOT BOOM TRIBAND QUAD
A TWO-ELEMENT, 8-FOOT BOOM PENTABAND QUAD
A FIVE-ELEMENT, 26-FOOT BOOM TRIBAND QUAD
A TWO-ELEMENT, 8-FOOT BOOM PENTABAND QUAD
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 13 - Long-Wire and Traveling-Wave Antennas
Long Wires Versus Multielement Arrays
General Characteristics of Long-Wire Antennas
Directivity
Calculating Length
Tilted Wires
Feeding Long Wires
COMBINATIONS OF LONG WIRES
Parallel Wires
The V-Beam Antenna
Other V Combinations
Feeding the V Beam
Parallel Wires
The V-Beam Antenna
Other V Combinations
Feeding the V Beam
THE RESONANT RHOMBIC ANTENNA
TERMINATED LONG-WIRE ANTENNAS
Directional Characteristics
Directional Characteristics
THE TERMINATED RHOMBIC ANTENNA
Tilt Angle
Multiband Design
Termination
Multiwire Rhombics
Front-to-Back Ratio
Methods of Feed
Tilt Angle
Multiband Design
Termination
Multiwire Rhombics
Front-to-Back Ratio
Methods of Feed
Receiving Wave Antennas
THE BEVERAGE ANTENNA
Beverage Theory
Performance in Other Directions
Feed-Point Transformers for Single-Wire Beverages
The Two-Wire Beverage
Beverages in Echelon
Practical Considerations
Beverage Theory
Performance in Other Directions
Feed-Point Transformers for Single-Wire Beverages
The Two-Wire Beverage
Beverages in Echelon
Practical Considerations
THE BEVERAGE ANTENNA
Beverage Theory
Performance in Other Directions
Feed-Point Transformers for Single-Wire Beverages
The Two-Wire Beverage
Beverages in Echelon
Practical Considerations
Beverage Theory
Performance in Other Directions
Feed-Point Transformers for Single-Wire Beverages
The Two-Wire Beverage
Beverages in Echelon
Practical Considerations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Long Wires Versus Multielement Arrays
General Characteristics of Long-Wire Antennas
Directivity
Calculating Length
Tilted Wires
Feeding Long Wires
COMBINATIONS OF LONG WIRES
Parallel Wires
The V-Beam Antenna
Other V Combinations
Feeding the V Beam
Parallel Wires
The V-Beam Antenna
Other V Combinations
Feeding the V Beam
THE RESONANT RHOMBIC ANTENNA
TERMINATED LONG-WIRE ANTENNAS
Directional Characteristics
Directional Characteristics
THE TERMINATED RHOMBIC ANTENNA
Tilt Angle
Multiband Design
Termination
Multiwire Rhombics
Front-to-Back Ratio
Methods of Feed
Tilt Angle
Multiband Design
Termination
Multiwire Rhombics
Front-to-Back Ratio
Methods of Feed
Receiving Wave Antennas
THE BEVERAGE ANTENNA
Beverage Theory
Performance in Other Directions
Feed-Point Transformers for Single-Wire Beverages
The Two-Wire Beverage
Beverages in Echelon
Practical Considerations
Beverage Theory
Performance in Other Directions
Feed-Point Transformers for Single-Wire Beverages
The Two-Wire Beverage
Beverages in Echelon
Practical Considerations
THE BEVERAGE ANTENNA
Beverage Theory
Performance in Other Directions
Feed-Point Transformers for Single-Wire Beverages
The Two-Wire Beverage
Beverages in Echelon
Practical Considerations
Beverage Theory
Performance in Other Directions
Feed-Point Transformers for Single-Wire Beverages
The Two-Wire Beverage
Beverages in Echelon
Practical Considerations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 14 - Direction Finding Antennas
RDF by Triangulation
DIRECTION FINDING SYSTEMS
Loop Antennas
Loop Circuits and Criteria
Ferrite Rod Antennas
Sensing Antennas
Loop Antennas
Loop Circuits and Criteria
Ferrite Rod Antennas
Sensing Antennas
PHASED ARRAYS
The Adcock Antenna
The Adcock Antenna
LOOPS VS PHASED ARRAYS
THE GONIOMETER
Electronic Antenna Rotation
Electronic Antenna Rotation
RDF SYSTEM CALIBRATION & USE
FRAME LOOPS
SHIELDED FRAME LOOPS
FERRITE-CORE LOOPS
Obtaining a Cardioid Pattern
Obtaining a Cardioid Pattern
A SHIELDED LOOP WITH SENSING ANTENNA FOR 28 MHz
Sensing Antenna
Sensing Antenna
THE SNOOP LOOP--FOR CLOSE-RANGE HF RDF
A LOOPSTICK FOR 3.5 MHz
Adjustment
Adjustment
A 144-MHz CARDIOID-PATTERN RDF ANTENNA
The Phasing Harness
Tuning
The Phasing Harness
Tuning
THE DOUBLE-DUCKY DIRECTION FINDER
Specific Design
DDDF Operation
Specific Design
DDDF Operation
A FOX-HUNTING DF TWIN 'TENNA
The Yagi
An Interferometer
Circuit Construction
Antenna Construction
Using the Antenna
Antenna Alternative
The Yagi
An Interferometer
Circuit Construction
Antenna Construction
Using the Antenna
Antenna Alternative
THE FOUR-WAY MOBILE DF SYSTEM
Circuit Description
Antenna Switching
Detector Circuit
Construction
Switch Board
Feed Lines
Mechanical Assembly
Final Adjustments
Audio Level Adjustments
Fox Hunting
Circuit Description
Antenna Switching
Detector Circuit
Construction
Switch Board
Feed Lines
Mechanical Assembly
Final Adjustments
Audio Level Adjustments
Fox Hunting
A TAPE-MEASURE BEAM FOR RDFING
BIBLIOGRAPHY
RDF by Triangulation
DIRECTION FINDING SYSTEMS
Loop Antennas
Loop Circuits and Criteria
Ferrite Rod Antennas
Sensing Antennas
Loop Antennas
Loop Circuits and Criteria
Ferrite Rod Antennas
Sensing Antennas
PHASED ARRAYS
The Adcock Antenna
The Adcock Antenna
LOOPS VS PHASED ARRAYS
THE GONIOMETER
Electronic Antenna Rotation
Electronic Antenna Rotation
RDF SYSTEM CALIBRATION & USE
FRAME LOOPS
SHIELDED FRAME LOOPS
FERRITE-CORE LOOPS
Obtaining a Cardioid Pattern
Obtaining a Cardioid Pattern
A SHIELDED LOOP WITH SENSING ANTENNA FOR 28 MHz
Sensing Antenna
Sensing Antenna
THE SNOOP LOOP--FOR CLOSE-RANGE HF RDF
A LOOPSTICK FOR 3.5 MHz
Adjustment
Adjustment
A 144-MHz CARDIOID-PATTERN RDF ANTENNA
The Phasing Harness
Tuning
The Phasing Harness
Tuning
THE DOUBLE-DUCKY DIRECTION FINDER
Specific Design
DDDF Operation
Specific Design
DDDF Operation
A FOX-HUNTING DF TWIN 'TENNA
The Yagi
An Interferometer
Circuit Construction
Antenna Construction
Using the Antenna
Antenna Alternative
The Yagi
An Interferometer
Circuit Construction
Antenna Construction
Using the Antenna
Antenna Alternative
THE FOUR-WAY MOBILE DF SYSTEM
Circuit Description
Antenna Switching
Detector Circuit
Construction
Switch Board
Feed Lines
Mechanical Assembly
Final Adjustments
Audio Level Adjustments
Fox Hunting
Circuit Description
Antenna Switching
Detector Circuit
Construction
Switch Board
Feed Lines
Mechanical Assembly
Final Adjustments
Audio Level Adjustments
Fox Hunting
A TAPE-MEASURE BEAM FOR RDFING
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 15 - Portable Antennas
A SIMPLE TWIN-LEAD ANTENNA FOR HF PORTABLE OPERATION
ZIP-CORD ANTENNAS
Zip Cord as a Transmission Line
Zip Cord Wire as the Radiator
Zip Cord as a Transmission Line
Zip Cord Wire as the Radiator
A TREE-MOUNTED HF GROUND-PLANE ANTENNA
A PORTABLE DIPOLE FOR 80 TO 2 METERS
Construction
Aluminum Element
Loading Coil
Wire and Spool
Operation
80 Meters
2 Meters
Continuous Coverage
Construction
Aluminum Element
Loading Coil
Wire and Spool
Operation
80 Meters
2 Meters
Continuous Coverage
THE HF CABOVER ANTENNA
TWO PORTABLE 6-METER ANTENNAS
A Portable Two-Element 6-Meter Quad
A Three-Element Portable 6-Meter Yagi
A Portable Two-Element 6-Meter Quad
A Three-Element Portable 6-Meter Yagi
VE7CA 2-Element Portable HF Triband Yagis
A 20/15/10-Meter Triband 2-Element Yagi
The Balun
Flattop or Tilted?
A 30/17/12-Meter Triband 2-Element Yagi
Assembly
V Slings
SWR Adjustment
40-Meter Wire Yagis
Summary
A 20/15/10-Meter Triband 2-Element Yagi
The Balun
Flattop or Tilted?
A 30/17/12-Meter Triband 2-Element Yagi
Assembly
V Slings
SWR Adjustment
40-Meter Wire Yagis
Summary
BIBLIOGRAPHY
A SIMPLE TWIN-LEAD ANTENNA FOR HF PORTABLE OPERATION
ZIP-CORD ANTENNAS
Zip Cord as a Transmission Line
Zip Cord Wire as the Radiator
Zip Cord as a Transmission Line
Zip Cord Wire as the Radiator
A TREE-MOUNTED HF GROUND-PLANE ANTENNA
A PORTABLE DIPOLE FOR 80 TO 2 METERS
Construction
Aluminum Element
Loading Coil
Wire and Spool
Operation
80 Meters
2 Meters
Continuous Coverage
Construction
Aluminum Element
Loading Coil
Wire and Spool
Operation
80 Meters
2 Meters
Continuous Coverage
THE HF CABOVER ANTENNA
TWO PORTABLE 6-METER ANTENNAS
A Portable Two-Element 6-Meter Quad
A Three-Element Portable 6-Meter Yagi
A Portable Two-Element 6-Meter Quad
A Three-Element Portable 6-Meter Yagi
VE7CA 2-Element Portable HF Triband Yagis
A 20/15/10-Meter Triband 2-Element Yagi
The Balun
Flattop or Tilted?
A 30/17/12-Meter Triband 2-Element Yagi
Assembly
V Slings
SWR Adjustment
40-Meter Wire Yagis
Summary
A 20/15/10-Meter Triband 2-Element Yagi
The Balun
Flattop or Tilted?
A 30/17/12-Meter Triband 2-Element Yagi
Assembly
V Slings
SWR Adjustment
40-Meter Wire Yagis
Summary
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 16 - Mobile and Maritime Antennas
HF MOBILE FUNDAMENTALS
The Equivalent Circuit of a Typical Mobile Antenna
Antenna Capacitance
The Equivalent Circuit of a Typical Mobile Antenna
Antenna Capacitance
LOADING COIL DESIGN
Base Loading and Center Loading
Base Loading and Center Loading
OPTIMUM DESIGN OF SHORT COIL-LOADED MOBILE ANTENNAS
Radiation Resistance
Required Loading Inductance
Loading Coil Resistance
Radiation Efficiency
Ground Loss
Efficiency Curves
Impedance Matching
Shortened Dipoles
Radiation Resistance
Required Loading Inductance
Loading Coil Resistance
Radiation Efficiency
Ground Loss
Efficiency Curves
Impedance Matching
Shortened Dipoles
CONTINUOUSLY LOADED ANTENNAS
MATCHING TO THE TRANSMITTER
Tune-Up
Tune-Up
TOP-LOADING CAPACITANCE
TAPPED COIL MATCHING NETWORK
THE "SCREWDRIVER" MOBILE ANTENNA
CONSTRUCTING YOUR SCREWDRIVER ANTENNA
MOUNTING THE ANTENNA
A COIL COVER
CONSTRUCTING YOUR SCREWDRIVER ANTENNA
MOUNTING THE ANTENNA
A COIL COVER
A MOBILE J ANTENNA FOR 144 MHz
The Length Factor
The Length Factor
THE SUPER-J MARITIME ANTENNA
Antenna Operation
Construction and Adjustment
Performance
Antenna Operation
Construction and Adjustment
Performance
A TOP-LOADED 144-MHz ANTENNA
Construction
Tune-Up
Construction
Tune-Up
VHF QUARTER-WAVELENGTH VERTICAL
144-MHz 5/8 WAVELENGTH VERTICAL
Construction
Tune-Up
Construction
Tune-Up
A 5/8-WAVELENGTH 220-MHz MOBILE ANTENNA
Construction
Construction
HF Antennas for Sailboats
ANTENNA MODELING
A SAFET Y NOTE
TRANSOM & MASTHEAD MOUNTED VERTICALS
THE BACKSTAY VERTICAL
A 40-METER BACKSTAY HALF SLOPER
TEMPORARY ANTENNAS
GROUNDING SYSTEMS
ANTENNA MODELING
A SAFET Y NOTE
TRANSOM & MASTHEAD MOUNTED VERTICALS
THE BACKSTAY VERTICAL
A 40-METER BACKSTAY HALF SLOPER
TEMPORARY ANTENNAS
GROUNDING SYSTEMS
Antennas for Power Boats
BIBLIOGRAPHY
HF MOBILE FUNDAMENTALS
The Equivalent Circuit of a Typical Mobile Antenna
Antenna Capacitance
The Equivalent Circuit of a Typical Mobile Antenna
Antenna Capacitance
LOADING COIL DESIGN
Base Loading and Center Loading
Base Loading and Center Loading
OPTIMUM DESIGN OF SHORT COIL-LOADED MOBILE ANTENNAS
Radiation Resistance
Required Loading Inductance
Loading Coil Resistance
Radiation Efficiency
Ground Loss
Efficiency Curves
Impedance Matching
Shortened Dipoles
Radiation Resistance
Required Loading Inductance
Loading Coil Resistance
Radiation Efficiency
Ground Loss
Efficiency Curves
Impedance Matching
Shortened Dipoles
CONTINUOUSLY LOADED ANTENNAS
MATCHING TO THE TRANSMITTER
Tune-Up
Tune-Up
TOP-LOADING CAPACITANCE
TAPPED COIL MATCHING NETWORK
THE "SCREWDRIVER" MOBILE ANTENNA
CONSTRUCTING YOUR SCREWDRIVER ANTENNA
MOUNTING THE ANTENNA
A COIL COVER
CONSTRUCTING YOUR SCREWDRIVER ANTENNA
MOUNTING THE ANTENNA
A COIL COVER
A MOBILE J ANTENNA FOR 144 MHz
The Length Factor
The Length Factor
THE SUPER-J MARITIME ANTENNA
Antenna Operation
Construction and Adjustment
Performance
Antenna Operation
Construction and Adjustment
Performance
A TOP-LOADED 144-MHz ANTENNA
Construction
Tune-Up
Construction
Tune-Up
VHF QUARTER-WAVELENGTH VERTICAL
144-MHz 5/8 WAVELENGTH VERTICAL
Construction
Tune-Up
Construction
Tune-Up
A 5/8-WAVELENGTH 220-MHz MOBILE ANTENNA
Construction
Construction
HF Antennas for Sailboats
ANTENNA MODELING
A SAFET Y NOTE
TRANSOM & MASTHEAD MOUNTED VERTICALS
THE BACKSTAY VERTICAL
A 40-METER BACKSTAY HALF SLOPER
TEMPORARY ANTENNAS
GROUNDING SYSTEMS
ANTENNA MODELING
A SAFET Y NOTE
TRANSOM & MASTHEAD MOUNTED VERTICALS
THE BACKSTAY VERTICAL
A 40-METER BACKSTAY HALF SLOPER
TEMPORARY ANTENNAS
GROUNDING SYSTEMS
Antennas for Power Boats
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 17 - Repeater Antenna Systems
Basic Concepts
Matching
Repeater Antenna System Design
COMPUTING THE COVERAGE AREA FOR A REPEATER
The Repeater Antenna
Top Mounting and Side Mounting
Effects of Other Conductors
ISOLATION REQUIREMENTS IN REPEATER ANTENNA SYSTEMS
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES
EFFECTIVE ISOTROPIC RADIATED POWER (EIRP)
COMPUTING THE COVERAGE AREA FOR A REPEATER
The Repeater Antenna
Top Mounting and Side Mounting
Effects of Other Conductors
ISOLATION REQUIREMENTS IN REPEATER ANTENNA SYSTEMS
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES
EFFECTIVE ISOTROPIC RADIATED POWER (EIRP)
Assembling a Repeater Antenna System
A 144 MHz Duplexer
THE CIRCUIT
ADJUSTMENT
THE CIRCUIT
ADJUSTMENT
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Basic Concepts
Matching
Repeater Antenna System Design
COMPUTING THE COVERAGE AREA FOR A REPEATER
The Repeater Antenna
Top Mounting and Side Mounting
Effects of Other Conductors
ISOLATION REQUIREMENTS IN REPEATER ANTENNA SYSTEMS
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES
EFFECTIVE ISOTROPIC RADIATED POWER (EIRP)
COMPUTING THE COVERAGE AREA FOR A REPEATER
The Repeater Antenna
Top Mounting and Side Mounting
Effects of Other Conductors
ISOLATION REQUIREMENTS IN REPEATER ANTENNA SYSTEMS
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES
EFFECTIVE ISOTROPIC RADIATED POWER (EIRP)
Assembling a Repeater Antenna System
A 144 MHz Duplexer
THE CIRCUIT
ADJUSTMENT
THE CIRCUIT
ADJUSTMENT
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 18 - VHF and UHF Antenna Systems
The Basics
DESIGN FACTORS
TRANSMISSION LINES
WAVEGUIDES
IMPEDANCE MATCHING
BALUNS & ANTENNA TUNERS
THE YAGI AT VHF & UHF
STACKING YAGIS
QUADS FOR VHF
VHF & UHG QUAGIS
COLLINEAR ANTENNAS
THE CORNER REFLECTOR
TROUGH REFLECTORS
HORN ANTENNAS FOR THE MICROWAVE BANDS
PARABOLIC ANTENNAS
OMNIDIRECTION AL ANTENNAS FOR VHF & UHF
DESIGN FACTORS
TRANSMISSION LINES
WAVEGUIDES
IMPEDANCE MATCHING
BALUNS & ANTENNA TUNERS
THE YAGI AT VHF & UHF
STACKING YAGIS
QUADS FOR VHF
VHF & UHG QUAGIS
COLLINEAR ANTENNAS
THE CORNER REFLECTOR
TROUGH REFLECTORS
HORN ANTENNAS FOR THE MICROWAVE BANDS
PARABOLIC ANTENNAS
OMNIDIRECTION AL ANTENNAS FOR VHF & UHF
Ground-plane Antennas for 144, 222 and 440 MHz
The J-Pole Antenna
Construction
Tuning
Final Assembly
On-the-Air Performance
Construction
Tuning
Final Assembly
On-the-Air Performance
Practical 6-Meter Yagis
High-Performance Yagis for 144, 222 and 432 MHz
Yagi Construction
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 432-MHz YAGI
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 144 MHz YAGI
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 222-MHz YAGI
Yagi Construction
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 432-MHz YAGI
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 144 MHz YAGI
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 222-MHz YAGI
A 144 MHz 2-Element Quad
A Portable 144 MHz 4-Element Quad
Materials
Construction
Materials
Construction
Building Quagi Antennas
QUAGIS FOR 1296 MHz
QUAGIS FOR 1296 MHz
Loop Yagis for 1296 MHz
The Boom
Parasitic Elements
Driven Element
Tuning the Driven Element
Tips for 1296-MHz Antenna Installations
The Boom
Parasitic Elements
Driven Element
Tuning the Driven Element
Tips for 1296-MHz Antenna Installations
Trough Reflectors for 432 and 1296 MHz
A Horn Antenna for 10 GHz
Building the Antenna
Building the Antenna
Periscope Antenna Systems
Gain of a Periscope System
Mechanical Considerations
Gain of a Periscope System
Mechanical Considerations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The Basics
DESIGN FACTORS
TRANSMISSION LINES
WAVEGUIDES
IMPEDANCE MATCHING
BALUNS & ANTENNA TUNERS
THE YAGI AT VHF & UHF
STACKING YAGIS
QUADS FOR VHF
VHF & UHG QUAGIS
COLLINEAR ANTENNAS
THE CORNER REFLECTOR
TROUGH REFLECTORS
HORN ANTENNAS FOR THE MICROWAVE BANDS
PARABOLIC ANTENNAS
OMNIDIRECTION AL ANTENNAS FOR VHF & UHF
DESIGN FACTORS
TRANSMISSION LINES
WAVEGUIDES
IMPEDANCE MATCHING
BALUNS & ANTENNA TUNERS
THE YAGI AT VHF & UHF
STACKING YAGIS
QUADS FOR VHF
VHF & UHG QUAGIS
COLLINEAR ANTENNAS
THE CORNER REFLECTOR
TROUGH REFLECTORS
HORN ANTENNAS FOR THE MICROWAVE BANDS
PARABOLIC ANTENNAS
OMNIDIRECTION AL ANTENNAS FOR VHF & UHF
Ground-plane Antennas for 144, 222 and 440 MHz
The J-Pole Antenna
Construction
Tuning
Final Assembly
On-the-Air Performance
Construction
Tuning
Final Assembly
On-the-Air Performance
Practical 6-Meter Yagis
High-Performance Yagis for 144, 222 and 432 MHz
Yagi Construction
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 432-MHz YAGI
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 144 MHz YAGI
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 222-MHz YAGI
Yagi Construction
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 432-MHz YAGI
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 144 MHz YAGI
A HIGH-PERFORMANCE 222-MHz YAGI
A 144 MHz 2-Element Quad
A Portable 144 MHz 4-Element Quad
Materials
Construction
Materials
Construction
Building Quagi Antennas
QUAGIS FOR 1296 MHz
QUAGIS FOR 1296 MHz
Loop Yagis for 1296 MHz
The Boom
Parasitic Elements
Driven Element
Tuning the Driven Element
Tips for 1296-MHz Antenna Installations
The Boom
Parasitic Elements
Driven Element
Tuning the Driven Element
Tips for 1296-MHz Antenna Installations
Trough Reflectors for 432 and 1296 MHz
A Horn Antenna for 10 GHz
Building the Antenna
Building the Antenna
Periscope Antenna Systems
Gain of a Periscope System
Mechanical Considerations
Gain of a Periscope System
Mechanical Considerations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 19 - Antenna Systems for Space Communications
Common Ground
Antennas for Satellite Work
Antennas for LEO Satellites
Antennas for High-Altitude Satellites
CIRCULAR POLARIZATION
ANTENNAS FOR AO-40 OPERATIONS
PORTABLE HELIX FOR 435 MHz
CONVERTED C-BAND TVRO DISHES
NOTES & REFERENCES, SATELLITE ANTENNAS
Antennas for LEO Satellites
Antennas for High-Altitude Satellites
CIRCULAR POLARIZATION
ANTENNAS FOR AO-40 OPERATIONS
PORTABLE HELIX FOR 435 MHz
CONVERTED C-BAND TVRO DISHES
NOTES & REFERENCES, SATELLITE ANTENNAS
Antenna Systems for EME Communications
VHF/UHF EME ANTENNAS
DISH ANTENNAS FOR EME
A 12-FOOT STRESSED HOMEBREW PARABOLIC DISH
EME USING SURPLUS TVRO DISH ANTENNAS
SHF EME CHALLENGES
NOTES & REFERENCES, EME ANTENNAS
VHF/UHF EME ANTENNAS
DISH ANTENNAS FOR EME
A 12-FOOT STRESSED HOMEBREW PARABOLIC DISH
EME USING SURPLUS TVRO DISH ANTENNAS
SHF EME CHALLENGES
NOTES & REFERENCES, EME ANTENNAS
Common Ground
Antennas for Satellite Work
Antennas for LEO Satellites
Antennas for High-Altitude Satellites
CIRCULAR POLARIZATION
ANTENNAS FOR AO-40 OPERATIONS
PORTABLE HELIX FOR 435 MHz
CONVERTED C-BAND TVRO DISHES
NOTES & REFERENCES, SATELLITE ANTENNAS
Antennas for LEO Satellites
Antennas for High-Altitude Satellites
CIRCULAR POLARIZATION
ANTENNAS FOR AO-40 OPERATIONS
PORTABLE HELIX FOR 435 MHz
CONVERTED C-BAND TVRO DISHES
NOTES & REFERENCES, SATELLITE ANTENNAS
Antenna Systems for EME Communications
VHF/UHF EME ANTENNAS
DISH ANTENNAS FOR EME
A 12-FOOT STRESSED HOMEBREW PARABOLIC DISH
EME USING SURPLUS TVRO DISH ANTENNAS
SHF EME CHALLENGES
NOTES & REFERENCES, EME ANTENNAS
VHF/UHF EME ANTENNAS
DISH ANTENNAS FOR EME
A 12-FOOT STRESSED HOMEBREW PARABOLIC DISH
EME USING SURPLUS TVRO DISH ANTENNAS
SHF EME CHALLENGES
NOTES & REFERENCES, EME ANTENNAS
Chapter 20 - Antenna Materials and Accessories
Wire Antennas
WIRE TYPES
ANTENNA INSULATION
PULLEYS & HALYARDS
WIRE TYPES
ANTENNA INSULATION
PULLEYS & HALYARDS
Antennas of Aluminum Tubing
SELECTING ALUMINUM TUBING
SOURCES FOR ALUMINUM
CONSTRUCTION WITH ALUMINUM TUBING
SELECTING ALUMINUM TUBING
SOURCES FOR ALUMINUM
CONSTRUCTION WITH ALUMINUM TUBING
Other Materials for Antenna Construction
Plastics
Fiberglass
CONCLUSION
Plastics
Fiberglass
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Wire Antennas
WIRE TYPES
ANTENNA INSULATION
PULLEYS & HALYARDS
WIRE TYPES
ANTENNA INSULATION
PULLEYS & HALYARDS
Antennas of Aluminum Tubing
SELECTING ALUMINUM TUBING
SOURCES FOR ALUMINUM
CONSTRUCTION WITH ALUMINUM TUBING
SELECTING ALUMINUM TUBING
SOURCES FOR ALUMINUM
CONSTRUCTION WITH ALUMINUM TUBING
Other Materials for Antenna Construction
Plastics
Fiberglass
CONCLUSION
Plastics
Fiberglass
CONCLUSION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 21 - Antenna Products Suppliers
Antenna Manufacturers Products
VHF/UHF/Microwave Antenna Suppliers
HF Antenna Suppliers
Antenna Parts
Suppliers of Quad Antenna Parts
Towers, Masts and Accessories
Transmission Lines
Transmission Line Instruments and Accessories
Suppliers Addresses
VHF/UHF/Microwave Antenna Suppliers
HF Antenna Suppliers
Antenna Parts
Suppliers of Quad Antenna Parts
Towers, Masts and Accessories
Transmission Lines
Transmission Line Instruments and Accessories
Suppliers Addresses
Antenna Manufacturers Products
VHF/UHF/Microwave Antenna Suppliers
HF Antenna Suppliers
Antenna Parts
Suppliers of Quad Antenna Parts
Towers, Masts and Accessories
Transmission Lines
Transmission Line Instruments and Accessories
Suppliers Addresses
VHF/UHF/Microwave Antenna Suppliers
HF Antenna Suppliers
Antenna Parts
Suppliers of Quad Antenna Parts
Towers, Masts and Accessories
Transmission Lines
Transmission Line Instruments and Accessories
Suppliers Addresses
Chapter 22 - Antenna Supports
TREES AS ANTENNA SUPPORTS
Wind Compensation
Wind Compensation
TREES AS SUPPORTS FOR VERTICAL WIRE ANTENNAS
MAST MATERIALS
A Ladder Mast
The A-Frame Mast
TV Mast Material
A Ladder Mast
The A-Frame Mast
TV Mast Material
MAST GUYING
Guy Material
Guy Anchors
Guy Tension
Guy Material
Guy Anchors
Guy Tension
ERECTING A MAST OR OTHER SUPPORT
Tower And Antenna Selection and Installation
THE TOWER
TOWER BASES
TOWER INSTALLATION
GUY WIRES
THE RIGHT TOWER FOR YOUR ANTENNA
ANTENNA INSTALLATION
THE PVRC MOUNT
THE TOWER ALTERNATIVE
ROTATOR SYSTEMS
THE TOWER
TOWER BASES
TOWER INSTALLATION
GUY WIRES
THE RIGHT TOWER FOR YOUR ANTENNA
ANTENNA INSTALLATION
THE PVRC MOUNT
THE TOWER ALTERNATIVE
ROTATOR SYSTEMS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
TREES AS ANTENNA SUPPORTS
Wind Compensation
Wind Compensation
TREES AS SUPPORTS FOR VERTICAL WIRE ANTENNAS
MAST MATERIALS
A Ladder Mast
The A-Frame Mast
TV Mast Material
A Ladder Mast
The A-Frame Mast
TV Mast Material
MAST GUYING
Guy Material
Guy Anchors
Guy Tension
Guy Material
Guy Anchors
Guy Tension
ERECTING A MAST OR OTHER SUPPORT
Tower And Antenna Selection and Installation
THE TOWER
TOWER BASES
TOWER INSTALLATION
GUY WIRES
THE RIGHT TOWER FOR YOUR ANTENNA
ANTENNA INSTALLATION
THE PVRC MOUNT
THE TOWER ALTERNATIVE
ROTATOR SYSTEMS
THE TOWER
TOWER BASES
TOWER INSTALLATION
GUY WIRES
THE RIGHT TOWER FOR YOUR ANTENNA
ANTENNA INSTALLATION
THE PVRC MOUNT
THE TOWER ALTERNATIVE
ROTATOR SYSTEMS
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 23 - Radio Wave Propagation
The Nature of Radio Waves
Phase and Wavelength
Polarization
Field Intensity
Wave Attenuation
Bending of Radio Waves
Phase and Wavelength
Polarization
Field Intensity
Wave Attenuation
Bending of Radio Waves
GROUND WAVES
THE SURFACE WAVE
THE SPACE WAVE
VHF/UHF PROPAGATION BEYOND LINE OF SIGHT
ANTENNA POLARIZATION
Polarization Factors Above 50 MHz
Polarization Factors Above 50 MHz
PROPAGATION OF VHF WAVES
Weather Effects on VHF/UHF Tropospheric Propagation
Tropospheric Ducting
Weather Effects on VHF/UHF Tropospheric Propagation
Tropospheric Ducting
RELIABLE VHF COVERAGE
VHF/UHF Station Gain
What It All Means
Terrain at VHF/UHF
VHF/UHF Station Gain
What It All Means
Terrain at VHF/UHF
AURORAL PROPAGATION
HF Sky-Wave Propagation
THE ROLE OF THE SUN
THE IONOSPHERE
SOUNDING THE IONOSPHERE
SKIP DISTANCE
MULTI-HOP PROPAGATION
MAXIMUM USABLE FREQUENCY
LOWEST USABLE FREQUENCY
DISTURBED IONOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
IONOSPHERIC STORMS
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR HF COMMUNICATION
The IONCAP Computer Propagation Model
IONCAP/VOACAP Parameters
Looking at the Elevation-Angle Statistical Data
The Ionosphere Controls Propagation
Looking at the Data--Further Cautions
Antenna Elevation Patterns
The IONCAP Computer Propagation Model
IONCAP/VOACAP Parameters
Looking at the Elevation-Angle Statistical Data
The Ionosphere Controls Propagation
Looking at the Data--Further Cautions
Antenna Elevation Patterns
ONE-WAY PROPAGATION
SHORT OR LONG PATH?
FADING
OTHER PROPAGATION MODES
GRAY-LINE PROPAGATION
THE ROLE OF THE SUN
THE IONOSPHERE
SOUNDING THE IONOSPHERE
SKIP DISTANCE
MULTI-HOP PROPAGATION
MAXIMUM USABLE FREQUENCY
LOWEST USABLE FREQUENCY
DISTURBED IONOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
IONOSPHERIC STORMS
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR HF COMMUNICATION
The IONCAP Computer Propagation Model
IONCAP/VOACAP Parameters
Looking at the Elevation-Angle Statistical Data
The Ionosphere Controls Propagation
Looking at the Data--Further Cautions
Antenna Elevation Patterns
The IONCAP Computer Propagation Model
IONCAP/VOACAP Parameters
Looking at the Elevation-Angle Statistical Data
The Ionosphere Controls Propagation
Looking at the Data--Further Cautions
Antenna Elevation Patterns
ONE-WAY PROPAGATION
SHORT OR LONG PATH?
FADING
OTHER PROPAGATION MODES
GRAY-LINE PROPAGATION
What HF Bands Are Open--Where and When?
THE PROPAGATION BIG PICTURE
THE PROPAGATION BIG PICTURE
Do-It-Yourself Propagation Prediction
Obtaining Sunspot Number/Solar Flux Data
WWV PROPAGATION DATA
Obtaining Sunspot Number/Solar Flux Data
WWV PROPAGATION DATA
BIBLIOGRAPHY
The Nature of Radio Waves
Phase and Wavelength
Polarization
Field Intensity
Wave Attenuation
Bending of Radio Waves
Phase and Wavelength
Polarization
Field Intensity
Wave Attenuation
Bending of Radio Waves
GROUND WAVES
THE SURFACE WAVE
THE SPACE WAVE
VHF/UHF PROPAGATION BEYOND LINE OF SIGHT
ANTENNA POLARIZATION
Polarization Factors Above 50 MHz
Polarization Factors Above 50 MHz
PROPAGATION OF VHF WAVES
Weather Effects on VHF/UHF Tropospheric Propagation
Tropospheric Ducting
Weather Effects on VHF/UHF Tropospheric Propagation
Tropospheric Ducting
RELIABLE VHF COVERAGE
VHF/UHF Station Gain
What It All Means
Terrain at VHF/UHF
VHF/UHF Station Gain
What It All Means
Terrain at VHF/UHF
AURORAL PROPAGATION
HF Sky-Wave Propagation
THE ROLE OF THE SUN
THE IONOSPHERE
SOUNDING THE IONOSPHERE
SKIP DISTANCE
MULTI-HOP PROPAGATION
MAXIMUM USABLE FREQUENCY
LOWEST USABLE FREQUENCY
DISTURBED IONOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
IONOSPHERIC STORMS
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR HF COMMUNICATION
The IONCAP Computer Propagation Model
IONCAP/VOACAP Parameters
Looking at the Elevation-Angle Statistical Data
The Ionosphere Controls Propagation
Looking at the Data--Further Cautions
Antenna Elevation Patterns
The IONCAP Computer Propagation Model
IONCAP/VOACAP Parameters
Looking at the Elevation-Angle Statistical Data
The Ionosphere Controls Propagation
Looking at the Data--Further Cautions
Antenna Elevation Patterns
ONE-WAY PROPAGATION
SHORT OR LONG PATH?
FADING
OTHER PROPAGATION MODES
GRAY-LINE PROPAGATION
THE ROLE OF THE SUN
THE IONOSPHERE
SOUNDING THE IONOSPHERE
SKIP DISTANCE
MULTI-HOP PROPAGATION
MAXIMUM USABLE FREQUENCY
LOWEST USABLE FREQUENCY
DISTURBED IONOSPHERIC CONDITIONS
IONOSPHERIC STORMS
ELEVATION ANGLES FOR HF COMMUNICATION
The IONCAP Computer Propagation Model
IONCAP/VOACAP Parameters
Looking at the Elevation-Angle Statistical Data
The Ionosphere Controls Propagation
Looking at the Data--Further Cautions
Antenna Elevation Patterns
The IONCAP Computer Propagation Model
IONCAP/VOACAP Parameters
Looking at the Elevation-Angle Statistical Data
The Ionosphere Controls Propagation
Looking at the Data--Further Cautions
Antenna Elevation Patterns
ONE-WAY PROPAGATION
SHORT OR LONG PATH?
FADING
OTHER PROPAGATION MODES
GRAY-LINE PROPAGATION
What HF Bands Are Open--Where and When?
THE PROPAGATION BIG PICTURE
THE PROPAGATION BIG PICTURE
Do-It-Yourself Propagation Prediction
Obtaining Sunspot Number/Solar Flux Data
WWV PROPAGATION DATA
Obtaining Sunspot Number/Solar Flux Data
WWV PROPAGATION DATA
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 24 - Transmission Lines
Basic Theory of Transmission Lines
CURRENT FLOW IN LONG LINES
VELOCITY OF PROPAGATION
CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE
TERMINATED LINES
CURRENT FLOW IN LONG LINES
VELOCITY OF PROPAGATION
CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE
TERMINATED LINES
Practical Transmission Lines
ATTENUATION
REFLECTION COEFFICIENT
STANDING WAVES
ADDITIONAL POWER LOSS DUE TO SWR
LINE VOLTAGES & CURRENTS
ATTENUATION
REFLECTION COEFFICIENT
STANDING WAVES
ADDITIONAL POWER LOSS DUE TO SWR
LINE VOLTAGES & CURRENTS
Input Impedance
SPECIAL CASES
SPECIAL CASES
Voltage/Current Along a Line
Line Construction and Operating Characteristics
AIR-INSULATED LINES
FLEXIBLE LINES
COAXIAL CABLES
SINGLE-WIRE LINE
AIR-INSULATED LINES
FLEXIBLE LINES
COAXIAL CABLES
SINGLE-WIRE LINE
Line Installation
INSTALLING COAX LINE
TESTING TRANSMISSION LINES
INSTALLING COAX LINE
TESTING TRANSMISSION LINES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Basic Theory of Transmission Lines
CURRENT FLOW IN LONG LINES
VELOCITY OF PROPAGATION
CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE
TERMINATED LINES
CURRENT FLOW IN LONG LINES
VELOCITY OF PROPAGATION
CHARACTERISTIC IMPEDANCE
TERMINATED LINES
Practical Transmission Lines
ATTENUATION
REFLECTION COEFFICIENT
STANDING WAVES
ADDITIONAL POWER LOSS DUE TO SWR
LINE VOLTAGES & CURRENTS
ATTENUATION
REFLECTION COEFFICIENT
STANDING WAVES
ADDITIONAL POWER LOSS DUE TO SWR
LINE VOLTAGES & CURRENTS
Input Impedance
SPECIAL CASES
SPECIAL CASES
Voltage/Current Along a Line
Line Construction and Operating Characteristics
AIR-INSULATED LINES
FLEXIBLE LINES
COAXIAL CABLES
SINGLE-WIRE LINE
AIR-INSULATED LINES
FLEXIBLE LINES
COAXIAL CABLES
SINGLE-WIRE LINE
Line Installation
INSTALLING COAX LINE
TESTING TRANSMISSION LINES
INSTALLING COAX LINE
TESTING TRANSMISSION LINES
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 25 - Coupling the Transmitter to the Line
MATCHING THE LINE TO THE TRANSMITTER
The Matching System
Harmonic Attenuation in an Antenna Tuner
The Matching System
Harmonic Attenuation in an Antenna Tuner
MATCHING WITH INDUCTIVE COUPLING
THE L-NETWORK
THE PI-NETWORK
THE T-NETWORK
THE AAT (ANALYZE ANTENNA TUNER) PROGRAM
A Low-Power Link-Coupled Antenna Tuner
The Circuit
Construction
Tune-Up
The Circuit
Construction
Tune-Up
High-Power ARRL Antenna Tuner for Balanced or Unbalanced Lines
REASONS FOR USING AN ANTENNA TUNER
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY BEHIND THE ARRL HIGH-POWER TUNER
CONSTRUCTION
OPERATION
FURTHER COMMENTS ABOUT THE ARRL ANTENNA TUNER
REASONS FOR USING AN ANTENNA TUNER
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY BEHIND THE ARRL HIGH-POWER TUNER
CONSTRUCTION
OPERATION
FURTHER COMMENTS ABOUT THE ARRL ANTENNA TUNER
BIBLIOGRAPHY
MATCHING THE LINE TO THE TRANSMITTER
The Matching System
Harmonic Attenuation in an Antenna Tuner
The Matching System
Harmonic Attenuation in an Antenna Tuner
MATCHING WITH INDUCTIVE COUPLING
THE L-NETWORK
THE PI-NETWORK
THE T-NETWORK
THE AAT (ANALYZE ANTENNA TUNER) PROGRAM
A Low-Power Link-Coupled Antenna Tuner
The Circuit
Construction
Tune-Up
The Circuit
Construction
Tune-Up
High-Power ARRL Antenna Tuner for Balanced or Unbalanced Lines
REASONS FOR USING AN ANTENNA TUNER
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY BEHIND THE ARRL HIGH-POWER TUNER
CONSTRUCTION
OPERATION
FURTHER COMMENTS ABOUT THE ARRL ANTENNA TUNER
REASONS FOR USING AN ANTENNA TUNER
DESIGN PHILOSOPHY BEHIND THE ARRL HIGH-POWER TUNER
CONSTRUCTION
OPERATION
FURTHER COMMENTS ABOUT THE ARRL ANTENNA TUNER
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 26 - Coupling the Line to the Antenna
Choosing a Transmission Line
FEEDING A SINGLE-BAND ANTENNA
FEEDING A MULTIBAND RESONANT ANTENNA
FEEDING A MULTIBAND NON-RESONANT ANTENNA
FEEDING A SINGLE-BAND ANTENNA
FEEDING A MULTIBAND RESONANT ANTENNA
FEEDING A MULTIBAND NON-RESONANT ANTENNA
Matched Lines
Operating Considerations
Antenna Resonance
Operating Considerations
Antenna Resonance
DIRECT MATCHING TO THE ANTENNA
MATCHING DEVICES AT THE ANTENNA
Common-Mode Transmission-Line Currents
UNBALANCED COAX FEEDING A BALANCED DIPOLE
ASYMMETRICAL ROUTING OF THE FEED LINE FOR A DIPOLE
COMMON-MODE EFFECTS WITH DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS
ELIMINATING COMMON-MODE CURRENTS--THE BALUN
ONE FINAL WORD
UNBALANCED COAX FEEDING A BALANCED DIPOLE
ASYMMETRICAL ROUTING OF THE FEED LINE FOR A DIPOLE
COMMON-MODE EFFECTS WITH DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS
ELIMINATING COMMON-MODE CURRENTS--THE BALUN
ONE FINAL WORD
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Choosing a Transmission Line
FEEDING A SINGLE-BAND ANTENNA
FEEDING A MULTIBAND RESONANT ANTENNA
FEEDING A MULTIBAND NON-RESONANT ANTENNA
FEEDING A SINGLE-BAND ANTENNA
FEEDING A MULTIBAND RESONANT ANTENNA
FEEDING A MULTIBAND NON-RESONANT ANTENNA
Matched Lines
Operating Considerations
Antenna Resonance
Operating Considerations
Antenna Resonance
DIRECT MATCHING TO THE ANTENNA
MATCHING DEVICES AT THE ANTENNA
Common-Mode Transmission-Line Currents
UNBALANCED COAX FEEDING A BALANCED DIPOLE
ASYMMETRICAL ROUTING OF THE FEED LINE FOR A DIPOLE
COMMON-MODE EFFECTS WITH DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS
ELIMINATING COMMON-MODE CURRENTS--THE BALUN
ONE FINAL WORD
UNBALANCED COAX FEEDING A BALANCED DIPOLE
ASYMMETRICAL ROUTING OF THE FEED LINE FOR A DIPOLE
COMMON-MODE EFFECTS WITH DIRECTIONAL ANTENNAS
ELIMINATING COMMON-MODE CURRENTS--THE BALUN
ONE FINAL WORD
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 27 - Antennas and Transmission-Line Measurements
LINE CURRENT & VOLTAGE
RF VOLTMETER
RF AMMETERS
SWR Measurements
BRIDGE CIRCUITS
BRIDGE CIRCUITS
Resistance Bridge
AVOIDING ERRORS IN SWR MEASUREMENTS
MEASURING LINE LENGTH
REFLECTOMETERS
AVOIDING ERRORS IN SWR MEASUREMENTS
MEASURING LINE LENGTH
REFLECTOMETERS
The Tandem Match—An Accurate Directional Wattmeter
DESIGN PRINCIPLES
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTION
ACCURACY
OPERATION
DESIGN VARIATIONS
HIGH-POWER OPERATION
DESIGN PRINCIPLES
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTION
ACCURACY
OPERATION
DESIGN VARIATIONS
HIGH-POWER OPERATION
An Inexpensive VHF Directional Coupler
A Calorimeter For VHF And UHF Power Measurements
A Noise Bridge For 1.8 Through 30 MHz
CONSTRUCTION
MEASURING COAXIAL-CABLE PARAMETERS WITH A NOISE BRIDGE
USING A BRIDGE TO MEASURE THE IMPEDANCE OF AN ANTENNA
CONSTRUCTION
MEASURING COAXIAL-CABLE PARAMETERS WITH A NOISE BRIDGE
USING A BRIDGE TO MEASURE THE IMPEDANCE OF AN ANTENNA
A Practical Time-Domain Reflectometer
Ground Parameters for Antenna Analysis
A Switchable RF Attenuator
A Portable Field Strength Meter
An RF Current Probe
Antenna Measurements
SOME BASIC IDEAS
ANTENNA TEST SITE SET-UP & EVALUATION
ABSOLUTE GAIN MEASUREMENT
RADIATION-PATTERN MEASUREMENTS
SOME BASIC IDEAS
ANTENNA TEST SITE SET-UP & EVALUATION
ABSOLUTE GAIN MEASUREMENT
RADIATION-PATTERN MEASUREMENTS
Vector Network Analyzers
S-PARAMETERS
ARRAY MEASUREMENT EXAMPLE
S-PARAMETERS
ARRAY MEASUREMENT EXAMPLE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
LINE CURRENT & VOLTAGE
RF VOLTMETER
RF AMMETERS
SWR Measurements
BRIDGE CIRCUITS
BRIDGE CIRCUITS
Resistance Bridge
AVOIDING ERRORS IN SWR MEASUREMENTS
MEASURING LINE LENGTH
REFLECTOMETERS
AVOIDING ERRORS IN SWR MEASUREMENTS
MEASURING LINE LENGTH
REFLECTOMETERS
The Tandem Match—An Accurate Directional Wattmeter
DESIGN PRINCIPLES
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTION
ACCURACY
OPERATION
DESIGN VARIATIONS
HIGH-POWER OPERATION
DESIGN PRINCIPLES
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
CONSTRUCTION
ACCURACY
OPERATION
DESIGN VARIATIONS
HIGH-POWER OPERATION
An Inexpensive VHF Directional Coupler
A Calorimeter For VHF And UHF Power Measurements
A Noise Bridge For 1.8 Through 30 MHz
CONSTRUCTION
MEASURING COAXIAL-CABLE PARAMETERS WITH A NOISE BRIDGE
USING A BRIDGE TO MEASURE THE IMPEDANCE OF AN ANTENNA
CONSTRUCTION
MEASURING COAXIAL-CABLE PARAMETERS WITH A NOISE BRIDGE
USING A BRIDGE TO MEASURE THE IMPEDANCE OF AN ANTENNA
A Practical Time-Domain Reflectometer
Ground Parameters for Antenna Analysis
A Switchable RF Attenuator
A Portable Field Strength Meter
An RF Current Probe
Antenna Measurements
SOME BASIC IDEAS
ANTENNA TEST SITE SET-UP & EVALUATION
ABSOLUTE GAIN MEASUREMENT
RADIATION-PATTERN MEASUREMENTS
SOME BASIC IDEAS
ANTENNA TEST SITE SET-UP & EVALUATION
ABSOLUTE GAIN MEASUREMENT
RADIATION-PATTERN MEASUREMENTS
Vector Network Analyzers
S-PARAMETERS
ARRAY MEASUREMENT EXAMPLE
S-PARAMETERS
ARRAY MEASUREMENT EXAMPLE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter 28 - Smith Chart Calculations
IMPEDANCE PLOTTING
Short and Open Circuits
Standing-Wave-Ratio Circles
Short and Open Circuits
Standing-Wave-Ratio Circles
SOLVING PROBLEMS WITH THE SMITH CHART
ADMITTANCE COORDINATES
DETERMINING ANTENNA IMPEDANCES
DETERMINATION OF LINE LENGTH
LINE-LOSS CONSIDERATIONS WITH THE SMITH CHART
Using a Second SWR Circle
Smith Chart Procedure Summary
Using a Second SWR Circle
Smith Chart Procedure Summary
ATTENUATION AND Z0 FROM IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS
Determining Line Attenuation
Determining Velocity Factor
Determining Line Attenuation
Determining Velocity Factor
LINES AS CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Designing Stub Matches with the Smith Chart
Designing Stub Matches with the Smith Chart
MATCHING WITH LUMPED CONSTANTS
The Series-Section Transformer
An Example
Procedure Summary
An Example
Procedure Summary
BIBLIOGRAPHY
IMPEDANCE PLOTTING
Short and Open Circuits
Standing-Wave-Ratio Circles
Short and Open Circuits
Standing-Wave-Ratio Circles
SOLVING PROBLEMS WITH THE SMITH CHART
ADMITTANCE COORDINATES
DETERMINING ANTENNA IMPEDANCES
DETERMINATION OF LINE LENGTH
LINE-LOSS CONSIDERATIONS WITH THE SMITH CHART
Using a Second SWR Circle
Smith Chart Procedure Summary
Using a Second SWR Circle
Smith Chart Procedure Summary
ATTENUATION AND Z0 FROM IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENTS
Determining Line Attenuation
Determining Velocity Factor
Determining Line Attenuation
Determining Velocity Factor
LINES AS CIRCUIT ELEMENTS
Designing Stub Matches with the Smith Chart
Designing Stub Matches with the Smith Chart
MATCHING WITH LUMPED CONSTANTS
The Series-Section Transformer
An Example
Procedure Summary
An Example
Procedure Summary
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Appendix
Glossary of Terms
Abbreviations
Length Conversions
Metric Equivalents
Gain Reference
Glossary of Terms
Abbreviations
Length Conversions
Metric Equivalents
Gain Reference
Advertisements
Index
Software
INSTALLING THE PROGRAMS/DATA
PLACING ICONS ON YOUR DESKTOP
SUBDIRECTORIES
PROPAGATION-PREDICTION FILES
Choices, Summary and Detailed Propagation Tables
Sample Summary Propagation-Prediction Table, January from Boston to the World
Sample Detailed Propagation Table for 20 Meters, January, Boston to World for Very High SSN
Choices, Summary and Detailed Propagation Tables
Sample Summary Propagation-Prediction Table, January from Boston to the World
Sample Detailed Propagation Table for 20 Meters, January, Boston to World for Very High SSN
INSTALLING THE PROGRAMS/DATA
PLACING ICONS ON YOUR DESKTOP
SUBDIRECTORIES
PROPAGATION-PREDICTION FILES
Choices, Summary and Detailed Propagation Tables
Sample Summary Propagation-Prediction Table, January from Boston to the World
Sample Detailed Propagation Table for 20 Meters, January, Boston to World for Very High SSN
Choices, Summary and Detailed Propagation Tables
Sample Summary Propagation-Prediction Table, January from Boston to the World
Sample Detailed Propagation Table for 20 Meters, January, Boston to World for Very High SSN
Propagation Prediction Data
Instructions
Summary Tables Index
Detailed Tables Index
Instructions
Summary Tables Index
Detailed Tables Index
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