The Portable Enlightenment Reader by Kramnick, Isaac -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

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Index

Cover About the Author Title Page Dedication Copyright Page Introduction Part I: The Enlightenment Spirit: An Overview

What Is Enlightenment?—Immanuel Kant The Human Mind Emerged From Barbarism—Jean Le Rond D’alembert “Encylopédie”—Denis Diderot Definition of a Philosophe—Cesar Chesneau Dumarsais Le Mariage De Figaro—Pierre Augustin Caron De Beaumarchais The Magic Flute—Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart The Future Progress of the Human Mind—Marquis De Condorcet

Part II: Reason and Nature

The New Science—Francis Bacon Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy—Isaac Newton The New Physics—Roger Cotes On Bacon and Newton—Francois-Marie Arouet De Voltaire The Rat—Comte De Buffon The Utility of Science—Marquis De Condorcet The Organization of Scientific Research—Joseph Priestley Letter to Joseph Priestley—Benjamin Franklin

Part III: Reason and God

On Superstition and Tolerance—Pierre Bayle A Letter Concerning Toleration—John Locke On Enthusiasm—Earl of Shaftsbury The Argument for a Deity—Isaac Newton A Discourse of Free-thinking—Anthony Collins “If There Is a God ...”—Baron De Montesquieu Of Miracles and the Origin of Religion—David Hume Reflections on Religion—François-Marie Arouet De Voltaire Profession of Faith of a Savoyard Vicar—Jean-Jacques Rousseau “No Need of Theology ... Only of Reason ...”—Baron d’Holbach The Progress of Superstition-Edward Gibbon Unitarianism—Joseph Priestley “Religion ... My Views of it ...”—Thomas Jefferson “Something of My Religion ...”—Benjamin Franklin The Temple of Reason—Anon. The Age of Reason—Thomas Paine

Part IV: Reason and Humanity

“I Think, Therefore I Am ... ”—René Descartes An Essay Concerning Human Understanding—John Locke New Essays on Human Understanding—Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz On Mr. Locke—Francois-Marie Arouet De Voltaire A Treatise of Human Nature—David Hume Man a Machine—Julien Offray De La Mettrie Of Ideas, Their Generation and Associations—David Hartley The Philosophy of Common Sense—Thomas Reid Treatise on the Sensations—Ettienne Bonnot De Condillac Some Thoughts Concerning Education—John Locke Children and Civic Education—Jean-Jacques Rousseau Education for Civil and Active Life—Joseph Priestley The Fable of the Bees—Bernard Mandeville An Essay on Man—Alexander Pope Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure—John Cleland Enjoyment and Tahiti—Denis Diderot Concerning the Moral Sense—Francis Hutcheson The Impartial Spectator—Adam Smith A Treatise on Man—Claude-Adrien Helvétlus Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysics of Morals—Immanuel Kant The Principle of Utility—Jeremy Bentham On Wit—Joseph Addison Ideas of Beauty and Virtue—Francis Hutcheson Discourse on Style—Comte de Buffon Of the Standard of Taste—David Hume The Sublime—Edmund Burke On Theater and Morals—Jean-Jacques Rousseau On Custom and Fashion—Adam Smith The Beautiful and Sublime—Immanuel Kant Discourse on Art—Joshua Reynolds

Part V: Reason and Society

The New Science—Giambattista Vico The Utility of History—Henry St. John, Lord Bolingbroke History as Guide—David Hume On Progress—Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot A Critique of Progress—Jean-Jacques Rousseau In Defense of Modernity—Francois-Marie Arouet De Voltaire The Four-Stage Theory of Development—Adam Smith The Progressive Character of Human Nature—Adam Ferguson “How Glorious, Then, Is the Prospect ...”—Joseph Priestley The Perfectibility of Man—Marquis de Condorcet The Second Treatise of Civil Government—John Locke The Spirit of the Laws—Baron de Montesquieu Political Essays—Francois-Marie Arouet De Voltaire Discourse on the Origin of Inequality—Jean-Jacques Rousseau The Social Contract—Jean-Jacques Rousseau Common Sense—Thomas Paine The American Declaration of Independence—Thomas Jefferson et al. Benevolent Despotism—Frederick the Great Federalist No. 10—James Madison The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen—Abbé Sieyès and the Marquis de Lafayette in consultation with Thomas Jefferson The Rights of Man—Thomas Paine Enquiry Concerning Political Justice—William Godwin The Royal Exchange—Joseph Addison Industry and the Way to Wealth—Benjamin Franklin Of Luxury—David Hume The Physiocratic Formula—François Quesnay Economic Liberty—Anne-Robert-Jacques Turgot The Wealth of Nations—Adam Smith The Severity of Criminal Laws—Baron de Montesquieu An Essay on Crimes and Punishments—Cesare Beccaria On Torture and Capital Punishment—Francois-Marie Arouet De Voltaire The State of Prisons—John Howard “Cases Unmeet for Punishment ...”—Jeremy Bentham Splendid Armies—Francois-Marie Arouet De Voltaire “There Never Was a Good War ...”—Benjamin Franklin Perpetual Peace—Immanuel Kant Some Reflections Upon Marriage—Mary Astell Duties of Women—Jean-Jacques Rousseau The Fair Sex—Immanuel Kant Women, Adored and Oppressed—Thomas Paine (attr.) “A Woman ... Gossips Much ...”—Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Women’s Education—Catherine Sawbridge Macaulay Graham On the Equality of the Sexes—Constantia The Rights of Woman—Olympe de Gouges Vindication of the Rights of Woman—Mary Wollstonecraft “Negroes ... Naturally Inferior to the Whites...”—David Hume Considerations on the Keeping of Negroes—John Woolman The Difference Between the Races—Immanuel Kant “Who Are You, Then, to Make Slaves ...”—Denis Diderot “Bestial Manners, Stupidity, and Vices ...”—James Long African Slavery in America—Thomas Paine Of Empires and Savages—Edward Gibbon On Indians and Negroes—Thomas Jefferson “Negro”—Encyclopaedia Britannica The End of Empire—Joseph Priestley

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