The Encyclopedia of the Industrial Revolution in World History by Hendrickson, Kenneth E. III -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover-Page Half-Title Title Copyright Contents Introduction A

Abbott, Wallace Calvin Acheson, Edward Goodrich Aerosol Spray Cans Aerospace Industry AFL-CIO Agent Orange Airplane Akroydon Alcorn, George Edward Alger, Horatio Jr. All-China General Labour Federation Alternative Energies Altshuller, Genrikh Saulovich Amalgamated Society of Engineers American Federation of Labor American Plan American Stock Exchange American System (American School of Economics) American Tobacco American War of Independence An Wang Anarchism Angerstein, Reinhold Rücker Anglo-French Treaty of 1786 Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1785 Anheuser, Eberhard Anthropometry Apprentice System Aqueducts Arc Welding Argentina Arkwright, Richard Armstrong, Edwin Howard Armstrong, William George Arts and Crafts Movement Asbestos Ashley, Laura Ashworth, Henry Asiatic Petroleum Company Aspdin, Joseph Assembly Line Astbury, John Atatürk (Mustafa Kemal) Automobile

Babbage, Charles Babcock, George H. Bacon, Anthony Baekeland, Leo Bagehot, Walter Baines, Edward Bakewell, Robert Bamford, Samuel Bank of China Bank of England Bank of Japan Bank of the United States Bar Code Barbed Wire Barlow, William Henry Barton, Enos Melancthon Barton Swing Aqueduct BASIC Bata, Tomáš Bateman, John Frederic La Trobe Batlle y Ordóñez, José Bauer, Andreas Friedrich Bausch, John Jacob Bazalgette, Sir Joseph William Bednorz, Johannes Georg Belgium Bell, Alexander Graham Bell, Henry Bell, Larry Bell, Patrick Bell Rock Lighthouse Bellamy, Edward Belper Benz, Karl Besant, Annie Wood Bessemer, Henry Bessemer Process Beveridge, Sir William Beyer, Carl Friedrich Bhopal Catastrophe Białystok Bickford, William Bimetallism Birdseye, Clarence Birmingham, England Bissell, Melville Reuben Black Country Blacklist Blair, Henry Blanqui, Louis-Auguste Bleichröder, Gerson Blenkinsop, John Bloody Sunday (Trafalgar Square) Boat People Boeing Boer War, 1899–1902 Bolsheviks Bondfield, Margaret Grace Booth, Charles Boring Machine Boulton, Matthew Bourgeoisie Boycott Boykin, Otis Bramah, Joseph Brassey, Thomas Brazil Brearley, Harry Brewing and Distilling Briggs, Asa, Lord Bright, Harvey “Bum” Brindley, James British-American Tobacco Brown, George R. Browning, John Moses Brunel, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, Marc Isambard Busch, Adolphus Bush, Vannevar Butterley Company

Cadbury, John Caledonian Canal Canada Canals Capitalism Carborundum Carlyle, Thomas Carnegie, Andrew Carnot, Sadi Carrier, Willis Haviland Carson, Rachel Cartwright, Edmund Carver, George Washington Cassette Tape Caudillo Caxton, William Cell Phones Cellophane Central Pacific Railroad Centralverband Deutscher Industrieller Chadwick, Sir Edwin Chance, Robert Lucas Chartists Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station Child Labor China China Cotton Mill Owners’ Association China Merchants’ Steam Navigation Company Chinese Communist Party Cholera Chrysler Citroën, André Claude, Georges Clegg, Samuel Closed Shop Coal Coal Mines Cobbett, William Coca-Cola Cockerill, John Collective Bargaining Colt, Samuel Combination Acts Communications Compagnie du Cambodge Containerization Continental System Conveyor Belt Cooke, William Cooper, Peter Coors, Joseph Copyright Cordite Corn Laws Cornu, Paul Corporation and Incorporation Cort, Henry Cost-Benefit Analysis Cotton Gin Cottonopolis Coy, George Cray, Seymour Crompton, Samuel Crystal Palace Exhibition of 1851 CTQ (“Critical to Quality”) Tree Cudahy, Michael Cugnot, Nicolas Curie, Marie (Maria Sklodowska) Czechoslovakia

Daimler, Gottlieb Darby, Abiah Darby, Abraham Darien Scheme Dasheng Cotton Mill Davy, Humphry Dawes Plan de Glehn, Alfred George de Laval, Carl Gustaf Patrick Debs, Eugene “Gene” V. Deere, John De Forest, Lee Deming, William Edwards Democratic Party Depression of 1893 Desalination Detroit, Michigan Devol, George Charles Dewar, James Dickens, Charles Die Casting Diesel, Rudolf Division of Labor DMADV DMAIC Domestic System Douglas Aircraft Company Dow Chemical Company Drake, Edwin Laurentine Dreyfuss, Henry du Pont de Nemours, Eleuthère Irénée Du Pont, Pierre Samuel Dunlop, John Duramold

East India Company Eastman, George The Economist Eddystone Lighthouse Edison, Thomas Alva Efficiency Movement Egerton, Francis (Duke of Bridgewater) Eiffel, Gustave Eight-Hour Day Elbląg Canal Electricity Enclosure Movement Engelberger, Joseph F. Engels, Friedrich Engineering Tolerance Enron Scandal Ergonomics Ericsson, John Euro European Economic Community European Union (EU) Evinrude, Ole (Ole Evenrudstuen) Evolution

Fabianism Factory Factory System Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 FANUC Faraday, Michael Farnsworth, Philo Taylor Fascism Federal Reserve System (U.S.) Festival of Britain Fiat Fiber Optics Field, Cyrus West Firestone, Harvey Fission Power Fission Weapons Fitch, John Five-Year Plans Flanigen, Edith Flying Shuttle FMEA (Failure Mode and Effects Analysis) Fokker, Anthony Herman Ford, Henry Ford Motor Company Fordism Fordlândia 40 Principles of Invention France Free Trade Frick, Henry Clay Fuller, George A. Fulton, Robert

Gandhi, Mohandas Karamchand “Mahatma” Ganz, Ábrahám Gaskell, Elizabeth Gasoline Gas-Powered Fuel Cell Gatling, Richard General Dynamics General Electric Corporation General Motors Corporation General Strike of 1926 (Britain) George, Henry Gepp, Herbert William German Customs Union Germany Gilbreth, Frank Gilbreth, Lillian Evelyn Moller Globalization Gompers, Samuel Goodyear, Charles Gott, Benjamin Gould, Jay Gowen, Franklin B. Graber, George Alexander Gräf & Stift Gramophone Grapes of Wrath, The Gray, Elisha Great Britain Great Chicago Fire of 1871 Great Depression Great Leap Forward Great Molasses Flood of 1919 Green Revolution Greene, Harold H. Greg, Samuel Guggenheim, Meyer Gulf War (1991) Gulf War (2003) Gunnerman, Rudolf

Haber, Fritz Halifax Explosion of 1917 Hall, Charles Martin Hall, Lloyd Augustus Halliburton Hamilton, Alexander Hammond, John Lawrence Le Breton Han-Yeh-Ping Iron and Coal Company Hardie, James Keir Hargreaves, James Harrison, Frederic Hawthorne Experiments Haymarket Affair Haywood, William Dudley “Big Bill” Heathcoat, John Hedley, William Heineken, Alfred Henry “Freddy” Heinz, Henry John Henry, Joseph Hershey, Milton High-Level Equilibrium Trap Highland Clearances Highs, Thomas Hill, James Jerome Hitachi, Ltd. Hitler, Adolf Hobsbawm, Eric John Ernest Hoffa, James Riddle “Jimmy” Holt, Benjamin Honda Motor Company, Ltd. Hoover Dam Hoover, Herbert Horizontal Integration Hotchkiss, Benjamin Howe, Elias Human Relations Movement Hume, Walter Reginald Huntington, Collis Potter Hydroelectric Power

Iconoscope Immigration Imperialism Import Substitution Incorporation Indian Mutiny of 1857 Industrial and Organizational Psychology Industrial Design Industrial Engineering Industrial Revolution Industrial Robotics Industrial Workers of the World (IWW or Wobblies) Infrastructure Insull, Samuel Integrated Circuit Intellectual Property Internal Combustion Engine International Council of Societies of Industrial Design Ishikawa, Kaoru Ito Hirobumi Iwasaki, Yataro

Jacquard, Joseph Marie Jansky, Karl Guthe Japan Japan Mail Line Japan (Nippon) Railway Company Japanese Employment System Jet Engine Jones, Frederick McKinley Jones, Mary Harris (Mother Jones) JPMorgan Chase Juche Juran, Joseph Moses

Kader Toy Factory Fire Kaiping Mining Company Kalashnikov, Mikhail Kawasaki Heavy Industries Kay (of Bury), John Kay (of Warrington), John Kelly, William Kempelen, Wolfgang von Kettering, Charles Franklin Kevlar Keynesian Models of Business Cycles Khalturin, Stephan Khrushchev, Nikita Knights of Labor Koenig, Friedrich Gottlob Kraft, James L. Kropotkin, Peter Krupp, Alfred

La Reforma Labor Market Labor Riots Labour Party (United Kingdom) Labour Representation Committee Laissez-Faire Land, Edwin Herbert Lasers Latimer, Lewis Howard Latin America Lawrence Textile Strike Laws of Technical Systems Evolution Leblanc Process Leblanc, Nicolas Lee, Reverend William Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. Lena Gold Field Massacre Lenin, Vladimir Ilyich Lenoir, Jean Joseph Étienne Leo XIII Le Sage, Georges-Louis Levett, William Lewis, John L. Li Hongzhang Liberation Theology Light Bulb Llewellyn, Richard Lockout Loewy, Raymond Lomb, Henry Lombe, John López, Francisco Solano Lowell Mills Lowell, Francis Cabot Luddites and Ned Lud Luxembourg Luxemburg, Rosa

Macadam, John MacArthur, Douglas Macintosh, Charles Malthus, Thomas Robert Management Manaus, Brazil Manchester Manchester Ship Canal Manhattan Project Mannesmann, Reinhard Mao Zedong Marx, Karl Marxism Mass Production Match Girls’ Strike Matzeliger, Jan Ernst Maudslay, Henry Maxim, Hiram May Day Maynard Operation Sequence Technique Mayo, Elton McAdam, John Loudon McCarthy, Glenn McCormick, Cyrus Hall McNamara, Robert Strange Meiji Restoration Meikle, Andrew Mellon, Andrew William Mensheviks Mercer, John Mexican Revolution, 1910–1940 Mexico Michelin Brothers Microchip Microprocessors Microwave Mining Minomura Rizaemon Mitchell, John Mitsubishi Mitsui Molly Maguires Monier, Joseph Monopoly Moody, Paul Moral Economy Morgan, John Pierpont Morozov Family Morris, William Morse, Samuel Finley Breese Müller, Karl Alexander Mushet, Robert Forester

Nanotechnology Napoleonic Wars Nasmyth, James Nationalization Nazism Neocolonial Economy Nernst, Walther Hermann Nestlé, Henri/Heinrich New Deal New Economic Policy (NEP) New South New Zaibatsu Newcomen, Thomas Nippon Electric Company Nissan Motor Company, Limited Nobel, Alfred Bernhard North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Novels Nuclear Power Nylon

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Okuma Shigenobu Olds, Ransom Eli Open Shop Osaka Spinning Mill Otis, Elisha Graves Otto, Nikolaus August Outsourcing Owen, Evelyn Owen, Robert Owens, Michael J.

Panama Canal Panic of 1893 Paper Technologies Parkes, Alexander Parsons, Charles A. Patents Paterson Silk Strike of 1913 Paul, Lewis (d. 1759) Peel, Robert PepsiCo Perestroika Perkin, Sir William Henry Peronism Personal Computers Petroleum Pharmaceuticals Philips, Gerard Leonard Frederik Pinkerton Detective Agency Plekhanov, Georgi Polyester Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Popular Front Portland Cement Portsmouth Block Mills Positivism Postgate, Raymond William Poulsen, Valdemar Powderly, Terence V. Power Loom Power Plants Printing Press, Hand Printing Press, Steam Printing, Modern Progressivism Proletarianization Protectionism Public Health Acts Puffing Billy Pulitzer, Joseph Pullman, George Mortimer

Quality Assurance and Control

Radar Radcliffe, William Rail Transport Railroads Rainhill Trials Ramsden, Jesse Randolph, A. Philip Reed, John Refrigeration Renault, Louis Reverberatory Furnace Reverse Engineering Revisionism Rhodes, Cecil Ricardo, David Right-to-Work Legislation Rillieux, Norbert Robber Barons Roberts, Richard Robinson, William Sydney Rockefeller, John Davison Roethlisberger, Fritz Jules Rolt, Lionel Thomas Caswall Romanticism Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Theodore Rowntree, Benjamin Seebohm Royal Society of Arts Rubber Russia Russian Revolution (1905) Russian Revolution (1917) Russo-Japanese War Ryan, Thomas

Sachs, Samuel Sadler Committee Salazar, António de Oliveira Salt, Sir Titus Samuelson, Bernhard Sarbanes-Oxley Act Savar Building Collapse, Bangladesh Savery, Thomas Schacht, Hjalmar Schichau, Ferdinand Gottlob Schick, Jacob Schiff, Jacob Henry Schneider, Joseph Eugène Schwab, Charles M. Scientific Revolution Second Industrial Revolution Self-Strengthening Movement Settlement House Movement Seveso Disaster Sewing Machine Shanghai, China Shanghai Cotton Cloth Mill Shaw, George Bernard Shearer, David Sheffield Outrages Sheinman, Victor Sherman Antitrust Act Shewhart, Walter A. Shibusawa Eiichi Shigeo Shingo Shipping Sikorsky, Igor Sinclair, Harry F. Sinclair, Jr., Upton Beall Singapore Singer, Isaac Six Sigma Škoda, Emil Ritter von Slater, Samuel Slavery Smeaton, John Smith, Adam Social Darwinism Social Democratic Federation (SDF) Social Gospel Socialism Sōichirō, Asano Solar Cell Solidarity Solvay, Ernest Sony Corporation Soong, Tse-ven “T. V.” South Africa South Korea Soviets Space, Commercialization Space Race Spain Speer, Albert Spikes, Richard B. Spindletop Spinning Jenny Spinning Mule Stalin, Jospeh [Iosif] Standard Oil Statistical Process Control Steam Engine Steam Turbine Steel Steiff, (Apollonia) Margarete Steinmetz, Charles Proteus Steinweg (Steinway), Henry E. Stephenson, George Stevens, Robert Livingston Stock Exchange/Bourse Stokes, Rufus Storey, John Stanley Stork, Charles Theodoor Suez Canal Suite 8F Group Sumitomo Sun Zhongshan (Sun Yat-sen) Sundback, Gideon Superconductors Swan, Sir Joseph Wilson Sweatshop Swift, Gustavus Franklin Symington, William Synthetic Fibers

Tacoma Building Taguchi, Gen’ichi Taiichi Ohno Taiwan Tappan Brothers Tarbell, Ida Tariff Taylor, Frederick Winslow Teflon Telegraph Telephone Television Telford, Thomas Tesla, Nikola Texas City Disaster Texas Instruments Textile Industry Thomas, Sidney Gilchrist Thompson, E. P. Thomson, Joseph John Three Mile Island Thyssen, August Tibbets, Benjamin Franklin Times Beach, Missouri, Disaster Tires Todt, Fritz Togoland Tolpuddle Martyrs Total Quality Management Toynbee, Arnold Toyoichi Tanaka Toyota Motor Corporation Tractor Trades Union Congress Trans-Alaska Pipeline System Transcontinental Railroad Transistor Trans-Siberian Railway Transvaal Treaty Ports Trevithick, Richard Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Trinder, Barrie S. TRIZ Trusts Tupolev, Andrei Nikolayevich Turkey Turner, Barry A. Typewriter

Union Carbide Union Pacific Railroad Union Shop United States United States Steel Corporation Ure, Andrew

Vacuum Tubes Value Analysis van Marken, Jacob Cornelis Vanderbilt, Cornelius Vaughan, Philip Veblen, Thorstein Verbruggen, Jan Vermuyden, Cornelius Vertical Integration Vichy Water Villard, Henry Volta, Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volvo (AB Volvo) von Kleist, E. G. von Siemens, Carl William von Siemens, Werner Vulcanization

Walker, Fred Waltham System Ward, Aaron Montgomery Washington, George C. Water Frame Watt, James Webb, Beatrice Webb, Sidney James Wedgwood, Josiah West Fertilizer Company Explosion Western Electric Company Westinghouse, George Weyerhaeuser, Frederick Edward Wheatstone, Sir Charles Whitney, Eli Whittemore, Amos Whitworth, Joseph Wickman, Carl Eric Wilcox, Stephen Wilkinson, John Wilkinson, William Cook Williams, Alfred Hicks Wilson, Thomas Leopold Wilson, Woodrow Witte, Sergei Wolseley, Frederick York Women’s Industrial Council (Britain) Wood, Nicholas Woods, Granville T. Workforce Workhouses Works Progress Administration Wright Brothers—Orville, Wilbur

Yasuda Zenjiro Yawata Iron Works Young Plan

Zaharoff, Sir Basil Zaibatsu Zeppelin, Ferdinand von Zhang Jian Zola, Émile Zworykin, Vladimir Kosma

Index List of Contributors

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