Transplanted Christianity by Davidson, Allan K. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

COPYRIGHT PAGE A NOTE FROM KERERU PUBLISHING INTRODUCTION TO THE EARLIER EDITIONS INTRODUCTION TO THE 2015 EDITION ABOUT THE AUTHORS: ABBREVIATIONS CHAPTER ONE The Age of Missions, 1814-1850

I. The Beginnings of the Church Missionary Society

1.1 Discussion of the Question proposed by the Rev. J. Venn “What Methods can we use most effectually to promote the Knowledge of the Gospel among the Heathen?” (1799) 1.2 Marsden and the Establishment of a Mission in New Zealand 1.3 Marsden’s Account of “The First Sabbath-day observed in New Zealand” (1814) 1.4 Marsden’s Report to the CMS on his First Visit to New Zealand 1.5 William Hall’s Reflections on his Missionary Methods 1.6 Marsden’s Comments on Kendall’s Conduct and the Prospects for Missionary Success

II. Methodist Beginnings in New Zealand

1.7 Instructions of the Wesleyan Methodist Missionary Society to Samuel Leigh 17 January, 1821 1.8 Nathaniel Turner’s Report on Missionary Activity 1.9 James Stack and Maori Religion 1.10 Augustus Earle’s View of the Maori and the Missionaries 1.11 Abandonment of the Wesleyan Mission at Whangaroa

III. The Impact of Christianity

1.12 Letters from Marianne Williams 1.13 The Conversion and Baptism of Christian Rangi 1.14 George Clarke describes Changes in Maori Attitudes 1.15 Maori Interest in Literacy 1.16 The Papahurihia Belief 1.17 Darwin’s Description of the Waimate Mission Station 1.18 Henry Williams’ Description of Evening Prayers

IV. The Roman Catholic Mission

1.19 The Beginning of the Catholic Mission 1.20 Wesleyan Reaction to the Arrival of Catholic Missionaries 1.21 Pompallier’s Instructions to his Assistants 1.22 Father Michel Borjon describes his Apostolate

V. Missionary, Maori and Settler

1.23 Petition of the CMS to Parliament, 1838 opposing colonization in New Zealand 1.24 Henry Williams and the Treaty of Waitangi 1.25 Opposition to the Treaty and the Missionaries 1.26 E.J. Wakefield’s Criticisms of the Missionaries and the Treaty 1.27 William Williams complains that the Treaty of Waitangi is not being Honoured 1.28 Governor Grey’s Attack on Missionary Land Holdings 1.29 Henry Williams’ Defence of his Land Purchases

VI. The Impact of Bishop Selwyn

1.30 Selwyn’s View of the Role of the Bishop 1.31 The Wesleyan Missionaries, Baptism, Ministry and Anglicans 1.32 Bishop Selwyn’s Reply to the Wesleyans on Baptism and Ministry 1.33 The Wesleyan Rejection of Selwyn’s Views of Ministry

VII. The Situation by the Eighteen-fifties

1.34 Epiha Putini’s Description of Denominational Division and Land Purchasing

CHAPTER TWO Church and State in European New Zealand before 1875

I. The New Zealand Company and the Church of England

2.1 Samuel Hind’s Evidence to the House of Lords Committee 2.2 The Church Society of New Zealand asks the New Zealand Company for Help 2.3 Bishop Selwyn describes his First Impressions of the Colony

II. Church and State

2.4 The Rev. John Macfarlane complains about Bishop Selwyn 2.5 Ordinance to promote the Building of Churches and Chapels, and to provide for the Maintenance of Ministers of Religion 2.6 Bishop Selwyn rejects the Church Ordinance 2.7 Proposals to build an Anglican Church in New Zealand 2.8 The House of Representatives decides to open Sessions with Prayer 2.9 The Colonial Secretary passes Responsibility for Selwyn’s Salary to the New Zealand Government 2.10 The House of Representatives declines to pay Bishop Selwyn’s Salary 2.11 Alfred Dommett’s Protest over Assistance to Denominational Schools 2.12 Henry Sewell laments the Lack of Assistance for the Church in Canterbury

III. The Religious Climate of the Colony

2.13 Thomas Burns reminisces on the Origins of Otago 2.14 Publicity for the Canterbury Settlement 2.15 E.G. Wakefield on the Religion of Colonists 2.16 The Ship Chaplain observes Colonists on Board the Matilda Wattenbach 2.17 Fr. Poupinel describes Dunedin in 1865 2.18 H.W. Harper describes the Westland Goldminers 2.19 Census Records of Religious Adherence of European Civil Population, 1848-1861

IV. The Establishment of Denominations

2.20 Members of the Church of England ask Selwyn for a Form of Church Government 2.21 Bishop Selwyn’s Presidential Address at the First General Synod of the United Church of England and Ireland in New Zealand 2.22 Henry Sewell laments the State of Anglicanism in Wellington 2.23 Bishop Selwyn explains his Churchmanship to Archdeacon A.N. Brown 2.24 A Priest describes the Catholics at Port Nicholson and Auckland 2.25 Bishop Pompallier laments the Shortage of Priests 2.26 Basis of Union of the Presbyterian Church of New Zealand 2.27 The Formation of the Wesleyan Methodist Australasian Connexion 2.28 Exhortation issued by the first New Zealand Methodist Conference 2.29 W.J. Habens recalls the Origins of Congregationalism at the First Conference of the Congregational Union

CHAPTER THREE Christianity and the Maori 1850-2000

I. The Churches and the Taranaki Dispute

3.1 Pastoral Letter of the Bishop of New Zealand to the Members of the Church of England in the Settlement of New Plymouth 3.2 Rev. John Whiteley encourages the Sale of Maori Land 3.3 Rev. John Whiteley and the Waitara Conflict 3.4 Bishop Selwyn and the Taranaki Dispute 3.5 Rev. Octavius Hadfield’s Opposition to the Waitara Purchase

II. The Churches and the King Movement

3.6 The Rev. J. Morgan and the King Movement 3.7 The Rev. Thomas Buddle and the King Movement 3.8 Wiremu Tamihana and the Origin of the King Movement 3.9 Selwyn’s Challenge to the King Movement

III. The Churches and the New Zealand Wars

3.10 Selwyn’s Reflections on his Involvement as a Chaplain 3.11 A Methodist Missionary’s View of the Wars 3.12 Wiremu Patene’s Opposition to War 3.13 Bishop Pompallier’s Pastoral Letter to Maori Catholics

IV. Pai Marire - Hauhau

3.14 Te Ua’s Vision 3.15 Volkner acts as a Government Informant 3.16 T.S. Grace’s Account of Volkner’s Posthumous Trial 3.17 Hauhau Justification of Volkner’s Murder

V. The Churches after the New Zealand Wars

3.18 Bishop Selwyn considers the Consequences if the CMS withdraws 3.19 Methodism and the Maori 3.20 Bishop Williams reflects on the “Native Church” 3.21 T.S. Grace assesses the Maori Mission 3.22 Statistics relating to Anglican Maori Work, 1883-1925 3.23 A Maori makes an Appeal for a Maori Bishop 3.24 Anglican Rejection of a Bishop for their Maori Members 3.25 The Withdrawal of the CMS from New Zealand 3.26 The Recommencement of the Roman Catholic Maori Mission 3.27 The Work of Sister Mary Joseph Aubert among the Maori 3.28 Rebuilding the Methodist Maori Mission 3.29 Piripi Te Maari’s Conversion to Mormonism 3.30 John Thornton’s Defence of Te Aute College

VI. Maori Religious Movements

3.31 J. W. Stack describes Maori Christianity 3.32 Te Kooti’s Prophetic Call 3.33 T. S. Grace reflects on Maori Religious Movements 3.34 Te Whiti addresses his Followers 3.35 Te Whiti and Parihaka in 1896 3.36 Apirana Ngata describes Rua’s Influence 3.37 Tohu’s Description of Rua’s Worship 3.38 J. G. Laughton and the Presbyterian Maori Mission at Maungapohatu 3.39 The Ratana Covenant 3.40 The Creed of the Ratana Church 3.41 Anglican Bishops’ Pastoral Letter on the Ratana Schism 3.42 Ratana and the Methodist Church

VII. From Amalgamation to Autonomy

3.43 The Bishop of Aotearoa 3.44 The Bishopric of Aotearoa 3.45 Christian Order and the Maori People 3.46 Religious Professions of the New Zealand Maori Population

CHAPTER FOUR The Churches and Colonial Society, 1875-1914

I. Religious New Zealand?

4.1 Church Affiliations and Attendance 1871-1911 4.2 Church Attendance in Auckland 4.3 Religious Activity in the Eyes of a French Observer

II. Congregational and Denominational Patterns

4.4 Vicesimus Lush, Vicar of Thames, laments Anglican Behaviour 4.5 A Plea to British Congregationalists to support their New Zealand Brethren 4.6 The Challenge facing the Presbyterian Home Mission 4.7 The Presbyterian Church recognises the Need to train Ministers 4.8 Bishop Harper calms an upset Vestry about their Vicar 4.9 Bishop Redwood describes Marist/Secular Tensions to a Marist Candidate for the See of Christchurch

III. Revivalism

4.10 Frank Bullen’s Conversion 4.11 Rev. W.M. Grant describes the Port Chalmers Religious World 4.12 The Vicar of Thames analyses Revivalism 4.13 Father Hennebery’s Mission among Auckland Catholics 4.14 The Salvation Army opens fire in South Dunedin 4.15 Opposition to the Salvation Army in Napier 4.16 Freethought and Revivalism in the Inglewood District

IV. Sectarian Tensions

4.17 Catholic Education at a Marist Brothers School 4.18 Protestant Criticism of Governor Onslow for visiting a Catholic Orphanage 4.19 The Presbyterian Church expresses Concern about the Papal Decree on Catholic Marriage 4.20 Report on the Union Negotiations between the Presbyterian Church of New Zealand and the Synod of Otago and Southland 4.21 A Presbyterian Proposal for Evangelical Protestant Union

V. Theological Battles

4.22 The Dunedin YMCA rejects a Clergyman who accepts Evolution 4.23 C.H. Garland introduces Methodists to Higher Criticism 4.24 A Methodist Committee analyses Modern Trends

VI. Women and Religion

4.25 Mrs Schnackenberg addresses the Women’s Christian Temperance Union 4.26 The Objects of the Mothers’ Union 4.27 Report of the Committee on Deaconesses to the Presbyterian General Assembly 4.28 Three Women make their Professions into an Anglican Religious Order

VII. The Education Question

4.29 The Parliamentary Debate on the Education Bill 4.30 Standing Editorial in the “Tablet” 1883-1897 4.31 The Beginnings of the Presbyterian Bible Class Unions 4.32 Report of the House of Representatives Committee on Use of the Irish Scripture Books in State Schools 4.33 The Anglican Bishops support the Bible-in-State-Schools League

VIII. Social Issues

4.34 Presbyterian Report on the State of Religion and Morals 4.35 Two Resolutions moved at the Otago Presbyterian Synod about Sweating 4.36 Waddell addresses a Public Meeting on the Sweating System 4.37 A Wesleyan Analysis of the Root of the Social Problem 4.38 Baptist Union Presidential Address on the Social Problem 4.39 Labour Comment on the Churches 4.40 Bishop Julius’ Sermon on Socialism 4.41 The Catholic Archbishop denounces Socialism 4.42 W.H. Judkins’ Radical Justification for Prohibition

IX. The Prohibition Movement

4.43 G.B. Inglis preaches against the Liquor Trade 4.44 The Vicar of Ormondville attacks the Views of Bishop Nevill 4.45 Catholic Fear about the Availability of Communion Wine 4.46 Prohibitionists celebrate an Electoral Victory

CHAPTER FIVE The Inter-War Years

I. The Religion of the Community

5.1 Census figures of Religious Adherence, 1916-1936 5.2 Denominational Involvement 5.3 Anglican Comment on Church Involvement 5.4 Catholic Religiosity 5.5 Methodist Conference Concern about Contemporary Difficulties 5.6 Presbyterian Comment on Religious Attitudes 5.7 Religion in New Zealand in 1940 5.8 Anzac Day in Christchurch in 1921 5.9 The Retired Presbyterian Treasurer on Church Policies 5.10 Moderator’s Report to the Congregational Union 5.11 A Newspaper Account of the Churches

II. Religion and Politics

5.12 Howard Elliott questioned in Auckland Post-Office Inquiry 5.13 Bishop Liston backs the Irish Cause against England 5.14 A Drink Trade Representative criticises the Churches 5.15 Archbishop Redwood’s Statement on Bible in Schools

III. The Development of Liberal Theology

5.16 Methodist Conference Special Reports and Resolutions 5.17 Professor Dickie’s Organism of Christian Truth 5.18 Bishop Sprott on the Nature of Biblical Inspiration 5.19 The Religion of the Friendly Road

IV. Traditional Teachings in New Forms

5.20 Bishop Liston advocates Catholic Action 5.21 Rev. Joseph Kemp’s Proposals for the Baptist Tabernacle 5.22 John Laird’s Report to the Crusader Council 5.23 A Pentecostal Mission in Dunedin

V. The Ecumenical Movement

5.24 The Congregational Moderator describes Church Union Proposals 5.25 The Anglican Primate at General Synod supports Ecumenism 5.26 The Suggestion of a National Council of Churches 5.27 Constitution of the National Council of Churches

VI. Social Attitudes and Activities

5.28 J.K. Archer denounces Covetousness to the Baptist Union 5.29 Methodist Social Creed 5.30 Christchurch Anglican Diocesan Report on Industrial Problems 5.31 Bishop Richards’ Address on the Church and Social Questions 5.32 The Bishop of Wellington attacks Gambling 5.33 Auckland Methodist Social Service Mission Annual Report 5.34 Methodist Pronouncement on Unemployment 5.35 Catholic Bishops’ Pastoral Address on the Economic Distress 5.36 The Anglican General Synod’s Motion on the Social Order 5.37 Report of the Economic Committee of the Presbyterian General Assembly 5.38 Resolution of the Presbyterian General Assembly on Economic Issues 5.39 Report on the Campaign for Christian Order 5.40 Resolutions of the Congregational Union on Abortion

VII. War and Peace

5.41 Methodist Conference Support for the War 5.42 The Presbyterian General Assembly discusses the War 5.43 Brethren Comment on the War 5.44 Brethren Experience before Military Appeal Boards 5.45 The Peace Manifesto of the Churches 5.46 Peace Discussions at a Methodist Bible Class Summer School 5.47 Methodist Manifesto on Peace and War 5.48 Catholic Attitudes to World War II

CHAPTER SIX Churches and Society 1945-1980

I. The Religion of the Community

6.1 The Message of Conference on Christian Order 6.2 The Church and National Unity 6.3 Religious Professions 1945-1976

II. Expansion and Evangelism

6.4 Methodists and Church Extension 6.5 The Presbyterian New Life Movement 6.6 The Wells Organisation and the Auckland Cathedral 6.7 Stewardship: “How to Make your Pledge” 6.8 Problems facing Parishes in 1966 6.9 The Billy Graham Crusade

III. The Charismatic Movement

6.10 The Brethren reject Pentecostalism 6.11 Charismatic Beginnings at St Paul’s Anglican Church in Auckland 6.12 Baptists and “Neo-Pentecostalism”

IV Ecumenism and Church Union

6.13 J.K. Baxter’s Sermon to the National Council of Churches 6.14 The Nature and Purpose of the Union 6.15 Referendum on Church Union 6.16 Anglican Opposition to the Plan for Union

V. Theological Developments

6.17 Professor Geering and the Resurrection 6.18 R. J. Wardlaw’s Charges against Professor Geering 6.19 Professor Geering’s Reply 6.20 Anglicans and the Affirmation of Faith

VI. The Churches and Education

6.21 Religion and Morality 6.22 Religious Teaching in State Schools 6.23 The Churches and Religious Education 6.24 The Spiritual Dimension in Education 6.25 Features of a Christian School

VII. Social and Political Issues

6.26 The Use of the Lord’s Day 6.27 “No Maoris, No Tour” - Presbyterian Views 6.28 The Church and “The Kiwi Christian” 6.29 Anglicans and Remarriage 6.30 Methodists and the Indo-China Conflict 6.31 A Methodist Report on Abortion Law Reform 6.32 Marches for Righteousness 6.33 Catholic Bishops’ Statement on Abortion 6.34 A Politician’s View of the Church

VIII. Women in the Church

6.35 Presbyterians and Women Elders 6.36 Anglicans and the Ordination of Women

CHAPTER SEVEN Religion in Rapid Change 1980-2015

I. Preserving a Secular Society

7.1 Religious Professions 1981-2013 7.2 Guidelines for Religious Based Organisations 7.3 Complaints at Radio Depictions of Islam 7.4 The Great Morality Debate 7.5 The Statement on Religious Diversity 7.6 Migration of Religious Workers 7.7 Hindu Concerns

II. Decline and Transformation of Churches

7.8 Anglican Prayer Book 7.9 Pluralism 7.10 The Story of Ponsonby Baptist Church 7.11National Church Life Survey (2001) 7.12 Pressure in Auckland Catholic Diocese 7.13 Catholic Ad Liminal Report 7.14 The State of the Church in New Zealand

III. Church Structures and Organisations

7.15 The Kaitoke Vision for the CCANZ 7.16 Recommendations of the Bi-Cultural Commission of the Anglican Church 7.17 The Catholic Withdrawal from CCANZ 7.18 Presbyterian Reform of Presbyteries 7.19 Union Congregations and their Future

IV. Gender Issues

7.20 The Challenges of a Woman Bishop 7.21 Methodist Memorandum of Understanding on the Ordination of Gay and Lesbian People 7.22 Presbyterians exclude GLBT people from leadership

V. Pentecostal Change

7.23 The Assemblies of God 7.24 The Bill Subritzky Story 7.25 Christian Life Centre Auckland: a Brief History 7.26 Wyn Fountain reflects on Church Trends

VI. Ethnic Groups and Christianity

7.27 Pacific and Asian Religious Adherents 7.28 The Pasifika Pastor 7.29 Ten Criticisms of Pacific Churches 7.30 Korean Presbyterian Churches and Ministers 7.31 Korean Churches

V Social and Political Issues

7.32 Church Opposition to the Springbok Tour 7.33 The Church and the Treaty of Waitangi 7.34 Anglican Bi-Culturalism 7.35 The Kingdom Manifesto 7.36 Bishop Vercoe’s Sermon at Waitangi 7.37 Social Justice Principles 7.38 Press Reaction to the Social Justice Statement 7.39 Archbishop Brian Davis’s Caution 7.40 The Hikoi of Hope, 1998 7.41 Defend the Legacy March 7.42 Baptist Leader opposes Destiny Politics 7.43 Chris Auchinvole on Marriage Amendment Bill

IX. Conclusion

7.44 Carol our Christmas

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