Clinical Anatomy of the Spine, Spinal Cord, and ANS by Cramer, Gregory D. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover image Title page Table of Contents Copyright Contributors Dedication Forewords Preface Introduction Acknowledgments Part 1: Characteristics of the Spine and Spinal Cord

Chapter 1: Surface Anatomy of the Back and Vertebral Levels of Clinically Important Structures

The Back Spinal Cord Levels versus Vertebral Levels Vertebral Levels of Structures in the Anterior Neck and Trunk

Chapter 2: General Characteristics of the Spine

Function and Development of the Spine Curves of the Spine Anatomy of a Typical Vertebra Movement of the Spine Interbody Joint and Intervertebral Disc Clinical Implications Related to the Intervertebral Disc Relationship of the Spinal Nerves to the Intervertebral Disc Syndesmoses of the Spine Vertebral Canal Intervertebral Foramen Advanced Diagnostic Imaging of the Spine

Chapter 3: General Anatomy of the Spinal Cord

Overview of Spinal Cord Organization External Morphology Meninges Internal Organization of the Spinal Cord Arterial Blood Supply of the Spinal Cord Venous Drainage of the Spinal Cord

Chapter 4: Muscles That Influence the Spine

Six Layers of Back Muscles Other Muscles Directly Associated with The Spine Muscles That Indirectly Influence the Spine Other Muscles That Have Clinical Relevance to the Back Summary of Muscles Affecting the Spine

Chapter 5: The Cervical Region

Characteristics of the Cervical Spine as a Whole External Aspect of the Occipital Bone Atypical and Unique Cervical Vertebrae Articulations of the Upper Cervical Region Clinical Applications Related to the Atlas and Axis Ligaments of the Cervical Region Cervical Intervertebral Discs Ranges of Motion of the Cervical Spine Nerves, Vessels, Anterior Neck Muscles, and Viscera of the Cervical Region

Chapter 6: The Thoracic Region

Thoracic Curve (Kyphosis) Typical Thoracic Vertebrae, Ribs, and Sternum Unique Thoracic Vertebrae Ligaments and Joints of the Thoracic Region Ranges of Motion in the Thoracic Spine Lateral Curvature of the Spine (Scoliosis) Nerves, Vessels, and Viscera Related to the Thoracic Spine

Chapter 7: The Lumbar Region

Lumbar Lordosis and Characteristics of Typical Lumbar Vertebrae Unique Aspects of the Lumbar Vertebrae Ligaments and Intervertebral Discs of the Lumbar Region Ranges of Motion in the Lumbar Spine Soft Tissues of the Lumbar Region: Nerves and Vessels

Chapter 8: The Sacrum, Sacroiliac Joint, and Coccyx

The Sacrum Sacroiliac Joint The Coccyx Nerves and Vessels Associated with the Sacrum and Coccyx

Part 2: Neuroanatomy of the Spinal Cord, Autonomic Nervous System, and Pain of Spinal Origin

Chapter 9: Neuroanatomy of the Spinal Cord

Peripheral Nervous System Internal Organization of the Spinal Cord Spinal Motor Neurons and Motor Coordination Clinical Applications

Chapter 10: Neuroanatomy of the Autonomic Nervous System

Sympathetic, Parasympathetic, and Enteric Divisions Innervation of Autonomic Effectors Integrative Applications Visceral Afferents ANS and the Immune System Neurotransmission Occurring at the Autonomic Ganglia and Neuroeffector Junctions Control of Autonomic Efferents: Central Autonomic Network Clinical Applications

Chapter 11: Pain of Spinal Origin

Patient Background Perception of Pain Pain of Somatic Origin Somatic Referred Pain Central Transmission of Nociception Important Terms and General Concepts Related to Pain Modulation of Nociception Differentiation Between Pain of Somatic Origin and Radicular Pain

Part 3: Spinal Development, Pediatric Spine, and Microscopic Anatomy

Chapter 12: Development of the Spine and Spinal Cord

Blastocyst Gastrulation and Development of the Notochord Neurulation Somite Development Vertebral Development Axial Muscle Development Neural Development in the Back Vascular Development in the Back

Chapter 13: Unique Anatomic Features of the Pediatric Spine

Importance of the Pediatric Spine Age-Related Anatomic Changes of the Pediatric Spine Clinically Relevant Developmental Anatomy in Children Common Pediatric Disorders Related to the Anatomy of the Spine

Chapter 14: Microscopic Anatomy of the Zygapophysial Joints, Intervertebral Discs, and Other Major Tissues of the Back

Microscopic Anatomy of the Zygapophysial Joints Microscopic and Molecular Structure of the Intervertebral Discs Microscopic Anatomy of Other Major Tissues in the Back

Appendix I: Joints of the Spine Appendix II: Terms Related to Pain Index

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