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Index
Cover
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1: What Is Project Financing?
What is Project Financing?
A Historical Perspective
Requirements for Project Financing
Appropriateness of Project Financing
An Example
Conclusion
Chapter 2: The Rationale for Project Financing
Prior Studies' Explanations
The Need for Contracts
The Advantages of Separate Incorporation
Countering the Underinvestment Problem
Reallocating Free Cash Flow
Reducing Asymmetric Information and Signaling Costs
More Efficient Structuring of Debt Contracts
More Effective Corporate Organization and Management Compensation
Project Financing versus Direct Financing
Advantages of Project Financing
Disadvantages of Project Financing
Conclusion
Chapter 3: What Is Special about Large Projects?
How Large Are “Large” Projects?
Length of Project Contracts
Initial Project Capital Structure
Why Studying Project Finance Is Useful
Why Study How Large Projects Are Financed?
Conclusion
Chapter 4: Who Finances Large Projects?
Sources of Funds for Large Projects
Project Bonds' Default Risk
Lead Arrangers, Managing Underwriters, and Advisors
Conclusion
Chapter 5: Analyzing Project Viability
Technical Feasibility
Economic Viability
Creditworthiness
Conclusion as to Viability
Assessing Project Risks
Completion Risk
Technological Risk
Raw Material Supply Risk
Economic Risk
Operating Risk
Financial Risk
Currency Risk
Political Risk
Environmental Risk
Force Majeure Risk
Implications for Project Financing
The Cogeneration Project
Conclusion
Chapter 6: Analysis and Financing of Renewable Energy Projects
What Is Special About Renewable Energy Projects?
International Standards for Promoting Environmentally and Socially Responsible Investing
Evaluating the Viability of a Renewable Energy Project
Example: The La Confluencia Hydroelectric Power Project
The La Confluencia Hydroelectric Power Project and Responsible Investing
Operating Risk
Conclusion
Chapter 7: Designing Security Arrangements
Purpose of Security Arrangements
Direct Security Interest in Project Facilities
Security Arrangements Covering Completion
Security Arrangements Covering Debt Service
Types of Purchase and Sale Contracts
Raw Material Supply Agreements
Supplemental Credit Support
Insurance
The Cogeneration Project
Conclusion
Chapter 8: Structuring the Project
Undivided Joint Interest
Corporation
Partnership
Limited Liability Company
The Cogeneration Project
Conclusion
Chapter 9: Preparing the Project Financing Plan
General Considerations
Construction Financing
Long-Term Financing
Withholding Tax Considerations
Estimating the Borrowing Capacity of a Project
Loan Repayment Parameters
Borrowing Capacity, Assuming Full Drawdown Immediately Prior to Project Completion
Borrowing Capacity, Assuming Periodic Loan Drawdowns
Application to a Hypothetical High-Speed Rail Project
Annual Coverage Tests
Conclusion
Chapter 10: Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
Incremental After-Tax Cash Flows
The Hurdle Rate
Estimating the Cost of Capital for a Project
Net Present Value Analysis
Internal Rate of Return Analysis
Comparing IRR and NPV Analyses
Conclusion
Chapter 11: Financial Modeling and Project Evaluation
Preparing Cash Flow Projections
Preparing Projected Financial Statements
Evaluating a Project's Debt Capacity
Measuring Expected Rates of Return
Sensitivity Analysis
Conclusion
Chapter 12: Using Real-Options Analysis to Evaluate a Project
Description of the Oil Field Project
Project's Real Options
Evaluating the Project
Traditional DCF Analysis
Sensitivity of Option Value to Oil Price Volatility and to Reserve Dispersion
Conclusion
Chapter 13: Sources of Project Funds
Equity
Long-Term Debt Market
Commercial Bank Loans
Fixed-Rate Debt Market
International Capital Market
Supplier Credits
Governmental Assistance
World Bank Loans
Inter-American Development Bank
Local Sources of Capital
Conclusion
Chapter 14: Managing Project Risks
Interest-Rate Swaps
Credit Default Swaps
Options
Forwards and Futures
Hedging
Hedging with Options
Hedging Foreign Exchange Risk
Conclusion
Chapter 15: Sharia-Compliant Project Financing
What Is Islamic Finance?
Islamic Financial Instruments
Islamic Derivatives
Example: The Saudi Chevron Petrochemical Project
The Future of Islamic Project Finance
Conclusion
Chapter 16: Issues for the Host Government
Contribution to the Host Jurisdiction's Economic Development
Host Jurisdiction's Expected Economic Return
Impact on the Availability of Hard Currency
Exposure of the Host Government to the Project's Obligation to Repay Project Debt
Avoiding Undesirable Precedents
Hibernia Oil Field Project
Public–Private Infrastructure Partnerships
Public–Private Financing Structures
Legislative Provisions that Can Affect Public–Private Partnerships
Conclusion
Chapter 17: Case Study: The Indiantown Cogeneration Project
Project Description
The Partnership and the Sponsors of the Project
Principal Project Contracts
Projected Operating Results
Project Financing
Conclusion
Chapter 18: Case Study: The Tribasa Toll Road Project
The Mexican Government's Toll Road Program
Infrastructure Financing Alternatives
Risk Considerations in Foreign Infrastructure Projects
Tribasa Toll Road Trust 1 Financing
Credit Analysis
Risk Minimization Features
Conclusion
Chapter 19: Case Study: The Euro Disneyland Project
Introduction
Project Description
Disney
Project Ownership Structure
Master Agreement with the French Government
Project Financing
Interests of the Participants in the Project
Financial Projections
Valuation
Corporate Governance Issues
Operating Results
Subsequent Developments
Conclusion
Chapter 20: Case Study: The Eurotunnel Project
Historical Background
The Eurotunnel System
Project Ownership Structure
Construction
Project Financing
Economic Risk
Projected Financial Results
Project Debt Financing
Project Equity Financing
Sensitivity Analysis
Subsequent Developments
Conclusion
Chapter 21: Conclusion
Reaping the Benefits of Project Financing
Recognizing When Project Financing Can Be Beneficial
Potential Future Applications of Project Financing
Organizational (Re)Form
Financial Engineering
Appendix A: Comparative Terms of Selected Projects
Appendix B: Other Examples of Project Financings
Appendix C: Legal Investment Requirements Governing New York Life Insurance Companies
Notes
Bibliography
Websites
Index
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