Windows Server® 2012 R2 Inside Out · Configuration, Storage, & Essentials by Stanek, William R. -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Windows Server® 2012 R2 Inside Out: Configuration, Storage, & Essentials Dedication Introduction

Who is this book for? Conventions used in this book How to reach the author Errata & book support We want to hear from you Stay in touch

1. Introducing Windows Server 2012 R2

Getting to know Windows Server 2012 R2 Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 Planning for Windows Server 2012 R2

Your plan: The big picture Identifying your organizational teams Assessing project goals

The business perspective Identifying IT goals Examining the interaction between IT and business units Predicting network change

Analyzing the existing network

Evaluating the network infrastructure Assessing systems Identify network services and applications Identifying security infrastructure Reviewing network administration

Defining objectives and scope

Specifying organizational objectives Setting the schedule Shaping the budget Allowing for contingencies Finalizing project scope

Defining the new network environment

Impact on network operations Identify security requirements Changing the administrative approach Select and implement standards Change management

Final considerations for planning and deployment

Thinking about server roles and Active Directory

Planning for server usage Designing the Active Directory namespace Managing domain trusts Identifying the domain and forest functional level Defining Active Directory server roles

Planning for availability, scalability, and manageability

Planning for software needs Planning for hardware needs

Planning for support structures and facilities Planning for day-to-day operations Planning for deploying highly available servers

2. Deploying Windows Server 2012 R2

Getting a quick start Product licensing Preparing for a Windows Server 2012 R2 installation

Understanding installation options Determining which installation type to use Using Windows Update Preinstallation tasks

Installing Windows Server 2012 R2

Installation on BIOS-based systems Installation on EFI-based systems Planning partitions Naming computers Network and domain membership options

Protocols Domain membership Networking components

Performing a clean installation Performing an upgrade installation Activation sequence

Activate Windows over the Internet Activate Windows by telephone Using Managed Activation

Performing additional administration tasks during installations

Accessing a command prompt during installation Forcing disk-partition removal during installation Loading mass storage drivers during installation Creating, deleting, and extending disk partitions during installation

Troubleshooting installation

Start with the potential points of failure

Setup refuses to install or start Setup reports a media or DVD-ROM error Setup reports insufficient system resources

Continue past lockups and freezes

Postinstallation tasks

3. Boot configuration

Boot from hardware and firmware

Hardware and firmware power states Diagnosing hardware and firmware startup problems Resolving hardware and firmware startup problems

Boot environment essentials Managing startup and boot configuration

Managing startup and recovery options Managing System Boot Configuration Working with BCD Editor

Managing the boot configuration data store and its entries

Viewing BCD entries Creating and identifying the BCD store Importing and exporting the BCD store Creating, copying, and deleting BCD entries Setting BCD entry values Changing Data Execution Prevention and physical address extension options Changing the operating system display order Changing the default operating system entry Changing the default timeout Changing the boot sequence temporarily

4. Managing Windows Server 2012 R2

Working with the administration tools

Using Control Panel utilities Using graphical administrative tools Using command-line utilities

Utilities to know Using Net tools Using Windows PowerShell

Working with Server Manager

Getting to know Server Manager Adding servers for management Creating server groups Enabling remote management

Working with Computer Management

Computer Management system tools Computer Management storage tools Computer Management Services And Applications tools

5. Windows Server 2012 R2 MMC administration

Using the MMC

MMC snap-ins MMC modes MMC window and startup MMC tool availability MMC and remote computers

Building custom MMCs

Step 1: Creating the console Step 2: Adding snap-ins to the console Step 3: Saving the finished console

Setting the initial console view before saving Setting the console mode before saving Setting the console icon before saving Saving the console tool

Designing custom taskpads for the MMC

Getting started with taskpads Understanding taskpad view styles Creating and managing taskpads Creating and managing tasks

Creating menu command tasks Creating shell command tasks Creating navigation tasks Arranging, editing, and removing tasks

Publishing and distributing your custom tools

6. Configuring roles, role services, and features

Using roles, role services, and features Making supplemental components available Installing components with Server Manager

Viewing configured roles and role services Managing server roles and features

Adding server roles and features Removing server roles and features

Managing server binaries

Installing components at the prompt

Going to the prompt for Server Management Understanding component names

Tracking installed roles, role services, and features

Installing components at the prompt Removing components at the prompt

7. Managing and troubleshooting hardware

Understanding hardware installation changes

Choosing internal devices Choosing external devices

Installing devices

Understanding device installation Installing new devices Viewing device and driver details

Working with device drivers

Device driver essentials Understanding and troubleshooting driver signing Viewing driver information Viewing Advanced, Resources, and other settings Installing and updating device drivers Restricting device installation by using Group Policy Rolling back drivers Removing device drivers for removed devices Uninstalling, reinstalling, and disabling device drivers

Managing hardware

Adding non–Plug and Play, older hardware Enabling and disabling hardware Troubleshooting hardware Resolving resource conflicts

8. Managing the registry

Introducing the registry Understanding the registry structure Registry root keys

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

HKLM\BCD00000000 HKLM\HARDWARE HKLM\SAM HKLM\SECURITY HKLM\SOFTWARE HKLM\SYSTEM

HKEY_USERS HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG HKEY_CURRENT_USER

Registry data: How it is stored and used

Where registry data comes from Types of registry data available

Registry administration

Searching the registry Modifying the registry

Modifying values Adding keys and values Removing keys and values

Modifying the registry of a remote machine Importing and exporting registry data Loading and unloading hive files Working with the registry from the command line

Backing up and restoring the registry Maintaining the registry

Using the Microsoft Fix It Utility Removing registry settings for active installations that have failed Removing partial or damaged settings for individual applications

Securing the registry

Preventing access to the registry utilities Applying permissions to registry keys Controlling remote registry access Auditing registry access

9. Software and User Account Control administration

Software installation essentials Mastering User Account Control

Elevation, prompts, and the secure desktop Configuring UAC and Admin Approval Mode

Maintaining application integrity

Application access tokens Application run levels Configuring run levels Controlling application installation and run behavior

10. Performance monitoring and tuning

Tuning performance, memory usage, and data throughput

Tuning Windows operating system performance Tuning processor scheduling Tuning virtual memory Other important tuning, memory, and data considerations

Tracking a system’s general health

Monitoring essentials Getting processor and memory usage for troubleshooting Getting information on running applications Monitoring and troubleshooting processes Monitoring and troubleshooting services Getting network usage information Getting information on user and remote user sessions

Tracking events and troubleshooting by using Event Viewer

Understanding the event logs Accessing the event logs and viewing events Viewing event logs on remote systems Sorting, finding, and filtering events

Sorting the event logs Searching the event logs Filtering the event logs

Archiving event logs Tracking events using Windows PowerShell Using subscriptions and forwarded events

11. Comprehensive performance analysis and logging

Establishing performance baselines

Tracking per-process resource usage

Getting an overview of resource utilization Tracking per-process CPU utilization Tracking per-process memory utilization Tracking per-process disk utilization Tracking per-process network utilization

Tracking the overall reliability of the server

Comprehensive performance monitoring

Using Performance Monitor Selecting performance objects and counters to monitor Choosing views and controlling the display Monitoring performance remotely

Resolving performance bottlenecks

Resolving memory bottlenecks Resolving processor bottlenecks Resolving disk I/O bottlenecks Resolving network bottlenecks

Performance logging

Creating and managing data collector sets

Using data collector templates Collecting performance counter data Collecting performance trace data Collecting configuration data

Viewing data collector reports Configuring performance counter alerts Monitoring performance from the command line Analyzing trace logs at the command line

12. Storage management essentials

Essential storage technologies

Using internal and external storage devices Storage-management features and tools Storage-management role services Booting from SANs and using SANs with clusters Working with SMB 3.0

Installing and configuring file services

Configuring the File And Storage Services role Configuring multipath I/O

Adding and removing multipath hardware devices Managing and maintaining MPIO

Meeting performance, capacity, and availability requirements Configuring Hyper-V

Understanding Hyper-V Installing Hyper-V Creating virtual machines

13. Configuring disks and storage

Configuring storage

Using the Disk Management tools Adding new disks Using the MBR and GPT partition styles

Working with MBR disks Working with GPT disks Understanding legacy and protective MBRs Using and converting MBR and GPT disks

Using the disk storage types

Working with basic and dynamic disks Using and converting basic and dynamic disks

Creating and managing virtual hard disks for Hyper-V Converting FAT or FAT32 to NTFS Working with removable disks

Managing MBR disk partitions on basic disks

Creating partitions and simple volumes Formatting a partition, logical drive, or volume Configuring drive letters Configuring mount points Extending partitions Shrinking partitions Deleting a partition, logical drive, or volume

Managing GPT disk partitions on basic disks

ESP MSR partitions Primary partitions LDM Metadata and LDM Data partitions OEM or unknown partitions

Managing volumes on dynamic disks

Creating a simple or spanned volume Configuring RAID 0: Striping Recovering a failed simple, spanned, or striped disk Moving dynamic disks Configuring RAID 1: Disk mirroring

Creating a mirrored set by using two new disks Adding a mirror to an existing volume

Mirroring boot and system volumes

Mirroring boot and system volumes on MBR disks Mirroring boot and system volumes on GPT disks

Configuring RAID 5: Disk striping with parity Breaking or removing a mirrored set Resolving problems with mirrored sets Repairing a mirrored system volume

Rebuilding mirrored system volumes on MBR disks Rebuilding mirrored system volumes on GPT disks

Resolving problems with RAID-5 sets

14. TPM and BitLocker Drive Encryption

Working with trusted platforms Managing TPM

Understanding TPM states and tools Managing TPM owner authorization information Preparing and initializing a TPM for first use Turning an initialized TPM on or off Clearing the TPM Changing the TPM owner password

Introducing BitLocker Drive Encryption

BitLocker essentials BitLocker modes BitLocker changes

Using hardware encryption, secure boot, and Network Unlock

Hardware-encrypted drives Optimizing encryption Setting permitted encryption types Preparing BitLocker for startup authentication and secure boot Using Network Unlock Provisioning BitLocker prior to deployment

Deploying BitLocker Drive Encryption Setting up and managing BitLocker Drive Encryption

Configuring and enabling BitLocker Drive Encryption Determining whether a computer has BitLocker-encrypted volumes Enabling BitLocker on fixed data drives Enabling BitLocker on removable data drives Enabling BitLocker on operating-system volumes Managing and troubleshooting BitLocker

Recovering data protected by BitLocker Drive Encryption Disabling or turning off BitLocker Drive Encryption

15. File system essentials

Understanding the disk and file-system structure Using FAT

File allocation table structure FAT features

Using NTFS

NTFS structure NTFS features Analyzing the NTFS structure

Advanced NTFS features

Hard links Data streams Change journals Object identifiers Reparse points Sparse files Transactional NTFS

Using ReFS

ReFS features ReFS structures ReFS advantages ReFS integrity streams, data scrubbing, and salvage

Using file-based compression

NTFS compression Compressed (zipped) folders

16. Maintaining and optimizing storage

Managing NTFS disk quotas

How quota management works Configuring disk quotas Customizing quota entries for individual users Managing disk quotas after configuration Exporting and importing quota entries

Automated disk maintenance

Preventing disk-integrity problems Running Check Disk interactively Analyzing FAT volumes by using ChkDsk Analyzing NTFS volumes by using ChkDsk Repairing volumes and marking bad sectors by using ChkDsk

Automated optimization of disks

Preventing fragmentation of disks Fixing fragmentation by using Optimize Drives Understanding the fragmentation analysis

17. Managing storage spaces

Understanding storage spaces Using and configuring offloaded transfers

Understanding how offloaded transfers work Verifying support for offloaded transfers

Working with available storage

Storage Management Essentials Creating storage pools and allocating space Creating storage spaces Creating a virtual disk in a storage space Creating a standard volume Diagnosing and resolving problems with storage spaces

Configuring data deduplication

Understanding data deduplication Selecting data for deduplication Interoperability with data deduplication Deduplicating volumes Monitoring deduplication

18. Managing file sharing

File-sharing essentials

Understanding file-sharing models Enabling file sharing Using and finding shares Navigating SMB versions Hiding and controlling share access Special and administrative shares

C$, D$, E$, and other drive shares ADMIN$ FAX$ IPC$ NETLOGON PRINT$ SYSVOL

Accessing shares for administration

Creating and publishing shared folders

Creating shares by using File Explorer Creating shares by using Computer Management Creating shared folders in Server Manager Changing shared folder settings Publishing shares in Active Directory

Managing share permissions

Understanding share permissions Configuring share permissions

Configuring synced sharing

Understanding Work Folders and sync shares Deploying sync shares through Group Policy Creating sync shares and enabling SMB access Accessing Work Folders on clients

19. File security, access controls, and auditing

Managing access permissions

File and folder ownership Permission inheritance for files and folders

Changing shaded permissions and stopping inheritance Resetting and replacing permissions

Configuring access permissions

Basic permissions Special permissions

Troubleshooting permissions

Managing file shares after configuration Managing claims-based access controls

Understanding central access policies Enabling dynamic controls and claims-based policy Defining central access policies

Auditing file and folder access

Enabling basic auditing for files and folders Enabling advanced auditing Specifying files and folders to audit Extending access policies to auditing Monitoring the security logs

20. Managing file screening and storage reporting

Understanding file screening and storage reporting Managing file screening and storage reporting

Managing global file-resource settings

Configuring email notifications Configuring notification limits Reviewing reports and configuring storage-report parameters Configuring report locations Configuring file-screen auditing Configuring classification Enabling access-denied assistance

Managing the file groups to which screens are applied Managing file-screen templates Creating file screens Defining file-screening exceptions Scheduling and generating storage reports

A. About the author Index About the Author Copyright

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