Euphrates River Valley Settlement · the Carchemish Sector in the Third Millennium BC by Peltenberg, Edgar -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents Contributors List of Abbreviations Acknowledgements Preface 1 - New perspectives on the Carchemish sector of the Middle Euphrates River valley in the 3rd Millennium BC

A question of boundaries Middle Euphrates River valley sectors (Fig. 1.2) Environment (Fig. 1.3) Characterising the Carchemish sector: pre-rescue excavation approaches Pastoralists and the role of tribal societies The era of rank societies The era of regional states A note on chronology A note on spelling Acknowledgements References

2 - Archaeological regions in the neighbourhood of Carchemish

Regional patterns of settlement The Euphrates Valley Geomorphology and the missing landscapes of the Euphrates Valley The Euphrates Valley and communication networks Conclusions Appendix Acknowledgements References

Introduction Site hierarchy according to surface area and archaeological excavations Settlement distribution (Fig. 3.1) The broader context The Ebla archives and the political geography of the Tishrin Dam area Tell Ahmar and Abarsal (Fig. 3.2) Conclusion References

Introduction Euphrates burial typology Burial types and their geographical distribution Burial types and ethnic identity Conclusions References

Introduction The south-east mound Problems of terminology and periodization The ‘champagne-cup’ horizon (EB I–II) Pottery repertoire Other shapes The Amarna horizon (EB III–IV): the evidence from the Inner Town A historical question Conclusion Acknowledgements References

The site Comparison Building activity Social aspects References

7 - Was there a post-Uruk collapse in the Carchemish area?

Introduction Architecture and stratigraphy Pottery and typo-chronology The Carchemish region in the post-Uruk period Conclusion References

9 - The Tilbes Project (Birecik Dam, Turkish Euphrates): the Early Bronze evidence

Background and goals of the Project The Late Chalcolithic/Early Bronze I transitional occupation The Early Bronze I occupation The Early Bronze II/III occupation The Late EB IVA–B occupation Some preliminary conclusions Acknowledgements References

11 - The Early Bronze Age in the Syrian north-west Jezireh: the Tell es-Sweyhat region

Tell Hajji Ibrahim and the beginning of the Early Bronze Age Tell es-Sweyhat and later phases of the Early Bronze Age Excavations on the west side of the Main Mound, 1989–1995 Early–mid 3rd millennium remains: southern trenches The centre of the late 3rd millennium citadel Summary References

Introduction The evidence from the fourth millennium BC Metalwork of the earlier third millennium BC Metalwork of the later third millennium BC Comparison with the evidence from Mesopotamia References

Introduction The Birecik Dam Cemetery The Ayyıldız and Dibecik tombs (Fig. 13.9) Chronological considerations Local, regional and inter-regional elements in Carchemish area metalwork (Fig. 13.10) Conclusion References

‘Fara-style’ seals Carchemish Carchemish region Observation: the Jerablus Tahtani assemblage 3rd millennium Carchemish regional glyptic style Acknowledgements References

15 - The Carchemish region in the Early Bronze Age

The archaeological data Interpretation Conclusion Acknowledgements References

16 - Fruit stands and the definition of a cultural area around Carchemish

Introduction Why fruit-stands? Fruit-stand typology Chronology Distribution of the fruit-stands Conclusions Acknowledgments References

Introduction The sugar-loaf beaker and the red-banded chalice Diffusion (Fig. 17.7) A room pottery inventory of the EB IV period Ceramic analysis Concluding remarks Acknowledgments References

Introduction Plain Simple Ware (Figs 18.1–3) Late Reserved Slip Ware (Fig. 18.4) Euphrates Ware related to Metallic Ware (Fig. 18.5) Ring Burnished Ware (Figs 18.6, 18.7.1–11) Band Painted Ware (Fig. 18.7.12–17) Cooking Pot Ware (Fig. 18.8) Conclusion References