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Index
Introduction
About This Book
Conventions Used in This Book
What You’re Not to Read
Foolish Assumptions
How This Book Is Organised
Part I: Understanding Projects and What You Want to Achieve
Part II: Building the Plans
Part III: Putting Your Management Team Together
Part IV: Steering the Project to Success
Part V: Taking Your Project Management to the Next Level
Part VI: The Part of Tens
Icons Used in This Book
Where to Go from Here
Part I: Understanding Projects and What You Want to Achieve
Chapter 1: Project Management: The Key to Achieving Results
Taking on a Project
Avoiding the Pitfalls
Deciding Whether the Job Is Really a Project
Understanding the four control areas
Recognising the diversity of projects
Understanding the four stages of a project
Defining the Project Manager’s Role
Looking at the Project Manager’s tasks
Staving off potential excuses for not following a structured project management approach
Avoiding ‘shortcuts’
Do You Have What It Takes?
Questions
Answers
Chapter 2: Thinking Through the Life of Your Project
Being Methodical
Breaking the Project Down into Stages or Phases
Appreciating the advantages of stages
Deciding on the number of delivery stages
Understanding the Four Main Stages
Starting the Project
Organising and Preparing
Carrying Out the Work – delivery stages
Closing the Project
Chapter 3: Defining the Project and Producing a Business Case
Defining the Scope
Managing expectations and avoiding disappointment
Challenging the scope
Understanding the dimensions of scope
Being clear
Prioritising
Producing a Business Case
Getting to grips with the basic contents
Keeping the Business Case up to date
Figuring out why you’re doing the project
Understanding project justification
Understanding benefits
Writing the Business Case
Complying with organisational standards
Going Back to the Scope
Getting to Grips with Techniques
Calculating return on investment
Understanding cost–benefit analysis
Chapter 4: Knowing Your Project’s Stakeholders
Managing Stakeholders
Identifying stakeholders – the ‘who’
Analysing the stakeholders – the ‘where’
Understanding positions – the ‘why’
Deciding action – the ‘what’
Working with stakeholders – the ‘how’
Planning the work – the ‘when’
Handling Opposition
Solving the problems
Focusing on the common areas
Understanding that you’re a threat
Spotting facts and emotions
Overriding the opposition
Handling Multiple-Stakeholder Projects
Getting multiple approvals
Developing management strategies
Part II: Building the Plans
Chapter 5: Planning with Deliverables First
Seeing the Logic of Product Planning
Thinking ‘product’ before thinking ‘task’
Understanding the problems of an activity focus
Knowing What a Product Is – and Isn’t
Finding Good Product Names
Using a Business Project Example
Identifying the products
Developing a sequence
Defining the products
Using a Structured Product List
Unleashing the Power of the Work Flow Diagram
Using the Work Flow Diagram for risk
Using the Work Flow Diagram for control
Using the Work Flow Diagram to show stages
Using the Work Flow for progress reporting
Getting a picture of the project
Chapter 6: You Want This Project Done When?
Moving From Products to Activities
Having multiple tasks to build a product
Listing the activities or tasks
Drawing Up a First Activity Network
Seeing how you build up an Activity Network
Using the Work Flow Diagram
Putting in the time durations
Calculating the length of the project
Understanding Float and Its Impact
Identifying the Critical Path
Watching the critical path
Finding a split critical path
Being More Precise with Dependencies
Understanding dependency types
Staying in touch with reality
Thinking a bit more about sequences
Working with the Activity Network
Working back to meet end dates
Avoiding backing into your schedule
Going for Gantt
Estimating Activity Durations
Getting the best information
Using estimating techniques
Putting a health warning on estimates
Chapter 7: Looking At Staff Resources
Seeing Why You Need to Plan Staff Use
Dealing with resource conflicts
Making sure that people are available
Monitoring use of staff on the project
Matching People to Tasks
Working out the skill sets and knowledge that you need on the teams
Growing your people
Developing a Skills Matrix
Honing Your Task Duration Estimates
Documenting your estimates
Factors in activity timing and estimates
Estimating required work effort
Factoring in productivity
Taking care with historical data
Accounting for availability in estimates
Smoothing the Resource
Checking for resource conflict
Resolving resource conflicts – the steps
Co-ordinating assignments across multiple projects
Chapter 8: Planning for Other Resources and Developing the Budget
Determining Physical Resource Needs
Identifying resource needs
Understanding physical resources
Thinking a bit more about timing
Making Sense of Costs and Budgets
Looking at different types of project costs
Developing a project budget at three levels
Refining your budget through the stages
Creating a detailed budget estimate
Avoiding drowning people in detail
Chapter 9: Planning at Different Times and Levels
Putting the Main Structure in Place
Deciding on the stages
Holding a stage gate
Working with Planning Levels
Drawing up new plans
Keeping higher level plans up to date
Planning at more than one level at once
Chapter 10: Venturing into the Unknown: Dealing with Risk and Uncertainty
Understanding Risks and Risk Management
Seeing why you need risk management
Managing, not necessarily avoiding, risk
Keeping people informed
Keeping risk in focus throughout the project
Working Through the Risk Cycle
Identifying risk
Looking around for help
Analysing risk
Deciding risk handling
Adding to or modifying plans as necessary
Taking planned actions and monitoring risk
Documenting Risk
Risk Management Plan
Risk Register
Getting Some Help from Techniques
Ishikawa (fishbone) diagram
Work Flow Diagram
Risk Checklist
Decision Tree
Part III: Putting Your Management Team Together
Chapter 11: Organising the Project
Designing the Project Organisation Structure
Understanding that organisation is about roles not jobs
Getting to grips with project roles
Looking at the roles
Deciding or influencing the structure
Defining Three Organisational Environments
The functional structure
The projectised structure
The matrix structure
Chapter 12: Working With Teams and Specialists
Working With Others
Treading carefully
Working with external suppliers
Understanding Teams
Distinguishing between authority, responsibility and accountability
Comparing authority and responsibility
Making Project Assignments
Delving into delegation
Sharing responsibility
Holding people accountable when they don’t report to you
Showing Roles with a Responsibility Assignment Matrix
Introducing the elements of a Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)
Reading a RAM
Ensuring your RAM is accurate
Dealing with Micromanagement
Realising why a person micromanages
Helping a micromanager trust you
Working well with a micromanager
Chapter 13: Being an Effective Leader
Practising Management and Leadership
Understanding what makes a good leader
Developing personal power and influence
Knowing What Motivates, and also What Demotivates
Taking a lesson from Fred Herzberg
Understanding points of demotivation
Ensuring that others are on board
Developing Your Teams
Defining your project operating processes
Helping your teams become smooth-functioning units
Harnessing conflict
Stoking the Boilers
Letting people know how they’re doing
Motivating people when they leave
Keeping your finger on the pulse
Part IV: Steering the Project to Success
Chapter 14: Tracking Progress and Staying in Control
Understanding What Underpins Effective Progress Control
Having a reliable plan
Having clear and frequent milestones
Having an effective reporting mechanism
Harnessing Product Power for Progress Control
Compiling a Work Checklist
Getting visual with the Work Flow Diagram
Monitoring at project, stage and Work Package levels
Taking Action When Things Go Off Track
Finding out why the project is off track
Thinking about what you can do to get back on track
Deciding what you’ll do
Taking action
Monitoring the effectiveness of the action
Monitoring Work Effort and Costs
Keeping an eye on work effort
Follow the money: Monitoring expenditure
Dealing with Change and Avoiding Scope Creep
Understanding different types of change
Looking at impacts – the four dogs
Responding to change requests
Eliminating scope creep – well, almost
Chapter 15: Keeping Everyone Informed
Looking Underneath Communications Failure
Communications breakdown – the big project killer
Communicating Effectively
Distinguishing between one-way and two-way communication
Can you hear me? Listening actively
Choosing the Appropriate Medium
Writing reports
Meeting up
Setting up a project website
Making a business presentation
Preparing a Project Communications Management Plan
Identifying the communications
Writing a Communications Management Plan
Chapter 16: Bringing Your Project to Closure
Staying the Course to Completion
Thinking ahead about project closure
Dealing with a crash stop
Planning Closure
Outlining closure activities
Motivating teams to the finish line
Providing a Good Transition for Team Members
Reviewing the Project
Beginning with the end in mind
Recording project information
Learning lessons – and passing them on
Measuring benefits
Planning for Things After the Project
Part V: Taking Your Project Management to the Next Level
Chapter 17: Managing Multiple Projects
Talking the Talk
Defining a programme
Defining a portfolio
Deciding on a Programme
Understanding programme roles
Fitting in with Programme Plans
Mapping interdependencies by product
Controlling a programme
Managing a Portfolio
Understanding the project implications
Maintaining the portfolio
Chapter 18: Using Technology to Up Your Game
Using Computer Software Effectively
Seeing what software you need
Understanding where to use software
Having Your Head in the Clouds
Getting Really Good Stuff for Free
Supporting Virtual Teams with Communication Technology
Saving Time With Software
Chapter 19: Monitoring Project Performance with Earned Value Management
Understanding EVM Terms and Formulas
Looking at a project example (1)
Looking at a project example (2)
Looking at a project example (3)
Getting the three key figures
Working with EVM Ratios
Defining the Formulas of EVM Performance Descriptors
Deciding What to Measure for EVM
Part VI: The Part of Tens
Chapter 20: Ten Questions to Ask Yourself as You Plan Your Project
What Are the Objectives of Your Project?
Who Do You Need to Involve?
What Results Will You Produce?
What Constraints Must You Satisfy?
What Assumptions Are You Making?
What Work Has to Be Done?
When Does Each Activity Start and End?
Who Will Perform the Project Work?
What Other Resources Do You Need?
What Can Go Wrong?
Chapter 21: Ten Tips for Writing a Convincing Business Case
Starting with a Bang
Spelling out the Benefits Clearly
Pointing Out the Non-quantifiables
Being Prudent
Considering Three-point Estimating
Making Sure Benefits Aren’t Features
Avoiding Benefits Contamination
Making Sure You Can Deliver Benefits
Supplying Evidence or Referencing It
Using Appendices
Chapter 22: Ten Tips for Being a Better Project Manager
Being a ‘Why’ Person
Being a ‘Can Do’ Person
Thinking about the Big Picture
Thinking in Detail
Assuming Cautiously
Viewing People as Allies Not Adversaries
Saying What You Mean, and Meaning What You Say
Respecting Other People
Acknowledging Good Performance
Being a Manager and a Leader
Cheat Sheet
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