Learning the Vi and Vim Editors by Robbins, Arnold -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Learning the vi and Vim Editors

Preface

Scope of This Book How the Material Is Presented

Discussion of vi Commands Conventions Keystrokes Problem Checklist

What You Need to Know Before Starting Comments and Questions Safari® Books Online About the Previous Editions Preface to the Seventh Edition

What’s New Versions Acknowledgments from the Sixth Edition Acknowledgments for the Seventh Edition

I. Basic and Advanced vi

1. The vi Text Editor

A Brief Historical Perspective Opening and Closing Files

Opening a File Problems Opening Files Modus Operandi Saving and Quitting a File

Quitting Without Saving Edits

Problems Saving Files Exercises

2. Simple Editing

vi Commands Moving the Cursor

Single Movements Numeric Arguments Movement Within a Line Movement by Text Blocks

Simple Edits

Inserting New Text Appending Text Changing Text

Words Lines Characters Substituting text

Changing Case Deleting Text

Words Lines Characters Problems with deletions

Moving Text

Transposing two letters

Copying Text Repeating or Undoing Your Last Command

Repeat Undo

More Ways to Insert Text

Numeric Arguments for Insert Commands

Joining Two Lines with J

Problem Checklist

Review of Basic vi Commands

3. Moving Around in a Hurry

Movement by Screens

Scrolling the Screen Repositioning the Screen with z Redrawing the Screen Movement Within a Screen Movement by Line

Movement on the current line

Movement by Text Blocks Movement by Searches

Repeating Searches

Changing through searching

Current Line Searches

Movement by Line Number

The G (Go To) Command

Review of vi Motion Commands

4. Beyond the Basics

More Command Combinations Options When Starting vi

Advancing to a Specific Place Read-Only Mode Recovering a Buffer

Making Use of Buffers

Recovering Deletions Yanking to Named Buffers

Marking Your Place Other Advanced Edits Review of vi Buffer and Marking Commands

5. Introducing the ex Editor

ex Commands

Exercise: The ex Editor Problem Checklist

Editing with ex

Line Addresses Defining a Range of Lines Line Addressing Symbols Search Patterns Redefining the Current Line Position Global Searches Combining ex Commands

Saving and Exiting Files

Renaming the Buffer Saving Part of a File Appending to a Saved File

Copying a File into Another File Editing Multiple Files

Invoking vi on Multiple Files Using the Argument List Calling in New Files Switching Files from vi Edits Between Files

6. Global Replacement

Confirming Substitutions Context-Sensitive Replacement Pattern-Matching Rules

Metacharacters Used in Search Patterns POSIX Bracket Expressions Metacharacters Used in Replacement Strings More Substitution Tricks

Pattern-Matching Examples

Search for General Class of Words Block Move by Patterns More Examples

A Final Look at Pattern Matching

Deleting an Unknown Block of Text Switching Items in a Textual Database Using :g to Repeat a Command Collecting Lines

7. Advanced Editing

Customizing vi

The :set Command The .exrc File Alternate Environments Some Useful Options

Executing Unix Commands

Filtering Text Through a Command

Filtering text with ex Filtering text with vi

Saving Commands

Word Abbreviation Using the map Command Protecting Keys from Interpretation by ex A Complex Mapping Example More Examples of Mapping Keys Mapping Keys for Insert Mode Mapping Function Keys Mapping Other Special Keys Mapping Multiple Input Keys @-Functions Executing Buffers from ex

Using ex Scripts

Looping in a Shell Script Here Documents Sorting Text Blocks: A Sample ex Script Comments in ex Scripts Beyond ex

Editing Program Source Code

Indentation Control A Special Search Command Using Tags

8. Introduction to the vi Clones

And These Are My Brothers, Darrell, Darrell, and Darrell Multiwindow Editing GUI Interfaces Extended Regular Expressions Enhanced Tags

Exuberant ctags The New tags Format Tag Stacks

Solaris vi Exuberant ctags and Vim

Improved Facilities

Command-Line History and Completion Arbitrary Length Lines and Binary Data Infinite Undo Incremental Searching Left-Right Scrolling Visual Mode Mode Indicators

Programming Assistance

Edit-Compile Speedup Syntax Highlighting

Editor Comparison Summary Nothing Like the Original A Look Ahead

II. Vim

9. Vim (vi Improved): An Introduction

Overview

Author and History Why Vim? Compare and Contrast with vi Categories of Features Philosophy

Where to Get Vim Getting Vim for Unix and GNU/Linux Getting Vim for Windows Environments Getting Vim for the Macintosh Environment Other Operating Systems Aids and Easy Modes for New Users Summary

10. Major Vim Improvements over vi

Built-in Help Startup and Initialization Options

Command-Line Options Behaviors Associated to Command Name System and User Configuration Files Environment Variables

How to set environment variables Environment variables relevant to Vim

New Motion Commands

Visual Mode Motion

Extended Regular Expressions Customizing the Executable

11. Multiple Windows in Vim

Initiating Multiwindow Editing

Multiwindow Initiation from the Command Line (Shell) Multiwindow Editing Inside Vim

Opening Windows

New Windows Options During Splits Conditional Split Commands Window Command Summary

Moving Around Windows (Getting Your Cursor from Here to There) Moving Windows Around

Moving Windows (Rotate or Exchange) Moving Windows and Changing Their Layout Window Move Commands: Synopsis

Resizing Windows

Window Resize Commands Window Sizing Options Resizing Command Synopsis

Buffers and Their Interaction with Windows

Vim’s Special Buffers Hidden Buffers Buffer Commands Buffer Command Synopsis

Playing Tag with Windows Tabbed Editing Closing and Quitting Windows Summary

12. Vim Scripts

What’s Your Favorite Color (Scheme)?

Conditional Execution

Using the strftime() function

Variables The execute Command Defining Functions A Nice Vim Piggybacking Trick Tuning a Vim Script with Global Variables Arrays

Dynamic File Type Configuration Through Scripting

Autocommands Checking Options Buffer Variables The exists() Function Autocommands and Groups Deleting Autocommands

Some Additional Thoughts About Vim Scripting

A Useful Vim Script Example More About Variables Expressions Extensions A Few More Comments About autocmd Internal Functions

Resources

13. Graphical Vim (gvim)

General Introduction to gvim

Starting gvim Using the Mouse Useful Menus

gvim’s Window menu gvim’s right-click pop-up menu

Customizing Scrollbars, Menus, and Toolbars

Scrollbars Menus

Basic menu customization More menu customization Putting it all together

Toolbars Tooltips

gvim in Microsoft Windows gvim in the X Window System GUI Options and Command Synopsis

14. Vim Enhancements for Programmers

Folding and Outlining (Outline Mode)

The Fold Commands Manual Folding Outlining A Few Words About the Other Fold Methods

Auto and Smart Indenting

Vim autoindent Extensions to vi’s autoindent smartindent cindent

The cinkeys option The cinwords option The cinoptions option

indentexpr A Final Word on Indentation

Keyword and Dictionary Word Completion

Insertion Completion Commands

Completing whole lines Completion by keyword in file Completion by dictionary Completion by thesaurus Completion by keyword in current file and included files Completion by tag Completion by filename Completion by macro and definition names Completion method with Vim commands Completion by user functions Completion by omni function Completion for spelling correction Completion with the complete option

Some Final Comments on Vim Autocompletion

Tag Stacking Syntax Highlighting

Getting Started Customization

Syntax groups The colorscheme command Setting the background option The highlight command Overriding syntax files

Rolling Your Own

Compiling and Checking Errors with Vim

More Uses for the Quickfix List Window

Some Final Thoughts on Vim for Writing Programs

15. Other Cool Stuff in Vim

Editing Binary Files Digraphs: Non-ASCII Characters Editing Files in Other Places Navigating and Changing Directories Backups with Vim HTML Your Text What’s the Difference? Undoing Undos Now, Where Was I?

The viminfo Option The mksession Command

What’s My Line (Size)? Abbreviations of Vim Commands and Options A Few Quickies (Not Necessarily Vim-Specific) More Resources

III. Other vi Clones

16. nvi: New vi

Author and History Important Command-Line Arguments Online Help and Other Documentation Initialization Multiwindow Editing GUI Interfaces Extended Regular Expressions Improvements for Editing

Command-Line History and Completion Tag Stacks Infinite Undo Arbitrary Length Lines and Binary Data Incremental Searching Left-Right Scrolling

Programming Assistance Interesting Features Sources and Supported Operating Systems

17. Elvis

Author and History Important Command-Line Arguments Online Help and Other Documentation Initialization

The Session File Initialization Steps

Multiwindow Editing GUI Interfaces

The Basic Window Mouse Behavior The Toolbar Options

Extended Regular Expressions Improved Editing Facilities

Command-Line History and Completion Tag Stacks Infinite Undo Arbitrary Length Lines and Binary Data Left-Right Scrolling Visual Mode

Programming Assistance

Edit-Compile Speedup Syntax Highlighting

Interesting Features

Display Modes Pre- and Post-Operation Control Files

elvis Futures Sources and Supported Operating Systems

18. vile: vi Like Emacs

Authors and History Important Command-Line Arguments Online Help and Other Documentation Initialization Multiwindow Editing GUI Interfaces

Building xvile xvile Basic Appearance and Functionality

Scrollbars Setting the cursor position and mouse motions Selections Clipboard Resources Adding menus

Building winvile winvile Basic Appearance and Functionality

Extended Regular Expressions Improved Editing Facilities

Command-Line History and Completion Tag Stacks Infinite Undo Arbitrary Length Lines and Binary Data

Locale support File formats

Incremental Searching Left-Right Scrolling Visual Mode

Programming Assistance

Edit-Compile Speedup Syntax Highlighting

Interesting Features

The vile Editing Model Major Modes The Procedure Language Miscellaneous Small Features

Sources and Supported Operating Systems

IV. Appendixes

A. The vi, ex, and Vim Editors

Command-Line Syntax

Command-Line Options

Review of vi Operations

Command Mode Insert Mode Syntax of vi Commands

Examples Visual mode (Vim only)

Status-Line Commands

vi Commands

Movement Commands

Character Text Lines Screens Searches Line numbering Marks

Insert Commands Edit Commands

Changing and deleting text Copying and moving

Saving and Exiting Accessing Multiple Files Window Commands (Vim) Interacting with the System Macros Miscellaneous Commands

vi Configuration

The :set Command Example .exrc File

ex Basics

Syntax of ex Commands Addresses Address Symbols Options

Alphabetical Summary of ex Commands

abbreviate append args bdelete buffer buffers cd center change close copy delete edit file fold foldclose foldopen global hide insert join jumps k left list map mark marks mkexrc move new next nohlsearch number only open preserve previous print put qall quit read read recover redo resize rewind right sbnext sbuffer set shell snext source split sprevious stop substitute suspend sview t tag tags unabbreviate undo unhide unmap v version view visual visual vsplit wall wnext wq wqall write write X xit yank z & @ = ! < > ~ address ENTER

B. Setting Options

Solaris vi Options nvi 1.79 Options elvis 2.2 Options Vim 7.1 Options vile 9.6 Options

C. Problem Checklists

Problems Opening Files Problems Saving Files Problems Getting to Visual Mode Problems with vi Commands Problems with Deletions

D. vi and the Internet

Where to Start vi Web Sites

The vi Lover’s Home Page The Vi Pages vi Powered! vi for Java Lovers Online vi Tutorial

A Different vi Clone Amaze Your Friends! Tastes Great, Less Filling vi Quotes

Index About the Authors Colophon

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