Health Policymaking in the United States by Michael R. Meacham -- Read -- Imperial Library of Trantor

Index

Cover Title Page Copyright Dedication Brief Contents Detailed Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations Preface Acknowledgments Part 1 Health and Its Policymaking Context

Policy Snapshot: The Affordable Care Act: A Cauldron of Controversy 1. Health and Health Policy

Health Defined Defining Health Policy Forms of Health Policies Categories of Health Policies The Impact of Health Policy on Health Determinants and Health Summary

2. The Context of Health Policymaking

Federal Government State Government Local Government Governments at All Three Levels Make Health Policy The Health Policy Market Demanders and Suppliers of Health Policies Interplay Among Demanders and Suppliers in Policy Markets Summary

3. Federalism: The Changing Contexts of State and Federal Health Policy

A Brief History of Federalism in the United States Growth in the Federal Government’s Healthcare Role Summary

Appendixes

1.1. Overview of the Affordable Care Act 1.2. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Summaries of Its Programs 1.3. Summaries of Selected Federal Legislation by Category

Part 2 Legislative Policymaking

Policy Snapshot: Legislative Cunning: The Birth of Medicare and Medicaid 4. The Overview of Health Policymaking

Conceptual Frameworks and Theories of Policymaking A Core Model of the Public Policymaking Process Formulation Phase Implementation Phase Modification Phase Key Features of the Policymaking Process Summary

5. Policy Formulation: Agenda Setting

Agenda Setting Interest Group Involvement The Influential Role of the President (or Governor or Mayor) The Nature of the Health Policy Agenda Summary

6. Policy Formulation: Development of Legislation

The Choreography of Legislation Development Originating and Drafting Legislative Proposals Introducing and Referring Proposed Legislation to Committees From Committee to the President Legislation Development for the Federal Budget Legislation Development for State Budgets From Formulation to Implementation Summary

Appendixes

2.1. Types of Advocacy Groups 2.2. National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering Establishment Act 2.3. Statement of the American Hospital Association for the Committee on Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Health of the U.S. House of Representatives “Proposals to Achieve Universal Health Care Coverage,” December 10, 2019 2.4. Conference Committees 2.5. Introduction to the Federal Budget Process

Part 3 Policy Implementation and Judicial Review

Policy Snapshot: Challenging Administrative Regulations: Another Example of Policymaking Litigation 7. Policy Implementation

Policy Implementation: Roles of Each Branch Designing Policy Implementation Rulemaking Operating Evaluating Summary

8. Role of the Judicial Branch in Health Policy and Policymaking

Structure of the Judicial Branch Three Core Roles of the Courts Courts Acting as Referees Courts Acting as Interpreters Courts Acting as Rights Enforcers Summary

Appendixes

3.1. Typical Plan for Legislative Oversight 3.2. Some Mission-Critical Centers of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 3.3. Transparency in Coverage: A Proposed Rule 3.4. Executive Order on Improving Price and Quality Transparency in American Healthcare to Put Patients First 3.5. Example of Public Response to Notice of a Federal Proposed Rule 3.6. Position Statement Promoting Interoperability of Patient Data 3.7. Position Statement on Interoperability of Patient Data: Concerns 3.8. The Role of the Medicare Payment Advisory Commission 3.9. Operation of Medicare Parts A and B 3.10. Example of Challenges Faced by the Office of Inspector General at Health and Human Services

Part 4 Charting the Future

Policy Snapshot: Engaging the Future 9. Policy Modification

Policy Modification Versus Policy Initiation Medicare: The Beginning Incrementalism in Policymaking The Mechanics of, and Preference for, Incrementalism Legislative, Executive, and Judicial Roles in Modification Modification Through Policymaking Stages Summary

10. Building Policy Competence for Health Professionals

Policy Competence Defined Lobbying in the Federal Government Working with State and Local Officials The Ethics of Influencing Policymaking Policy Competence for Health Professionals: Influencing Policymaking Influencing Policy Formulation Influencing Policy Implementation Using Organizational Relationships to Increase Influence in Policymaking Health Policy and Health-Related Organizations and Interest Groups The Human Element in Influencing Public Policy Environments Summary

Appendixes

4.1. Opening Statement: Hearing on “Where Have All the Patients Gone? Examining the Psychiatric Bed Shortage” 4.2. Example of Modifications to Rules in Response to New Information and Operational Changes

Postscript: The Coronavirus Pandemic: Executive Branch Policy Implementation and Ramifications Index About the Author

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