Oakes, John, 312
O’Donovan, Patrick, 64–65
Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 125, 127–30, 388. See also Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
Officer, Keith, 103
Operation Therese, 144–45
OSS. See Office of Strategic Services (OSS)
Owen, Taylor, 272
Packard, Reynolds, 33–35
Pai Chung-hsi, 55, 79, 83, 113–16
Pakistan, 374–75
Palmer, Frank, 289
Panikkar, Sardar K. M., 87, 103–4, 173–75, 180–81
Paracel Islands, 171
Paris, 162
Parman, S., 284–85
Parwanto, 292
Pasternak, Boris, 196
Pathet Lao, 205, 208, 239, 381, 384
Patti, Archimedes L. A., 129–30
Pearson, Lester, 104, 234, 235, 238
Peet, John, 192
Peking: Associated Press (AP) bureau in, after Communist takeover, 117
Chen Yi in, during 2003, 72
Clubb as last American diplomat in, after Communist takeover, 34
College of Chinese Studies in, 9, 10
Cultural Revolution in, 305–7, 338–39, 341–42, 356
description of, 337–39
different names for, 6
documentary on Forbidden City in, 311
Great Hall of the People in, 269, 301, 326, 333, 338, 341, 349, 351–55, 372, 375, 376
Sihanouk in exile in, 242, 269, 277
social life in, 33
ST in, during Chinese Civil War, 7–11
surrender of, during Chinese Civil War, 82–83, 300
Toppings in, during 1971, 337–39, 345–55
Yenching University in, 10, 95–98, 100–101
The Peking Letter (ST), 9
Peking Literature and Art, 302
Peng Dehuai, 29, 44, 179, 182, 301, 302, 339–40
Pengpu, China, 61–65, 73, 75–77
Pentagon Papers: acquisition of, by New York Times, 328–30, 361
authenticity of, confirmed by New York Times, 330
on bombing of North Vietnam by U.S., 230, 241
on domino theory, 146
on Eisenhower and French Indochina War, 184–85
and Ellsburg, 328–29
and Ellsburg case, 361–64
on French Indochina War, 146
on Geneva Accords (1954), 187
historians’ and analysts’ work on, 328
legal considerations in publication of, 331, 358–59
and New York Times generally, 2
newspapers in competition with New York Times over, 359
and possible invasion of Vietnam by China, 170
preparation of, for publication by New York Times, 330–32, 334–35, 345
publication of, by New York Times, 345–46, 352, 358, 394–95
target date for publication of, in New York Times, 334, 345
U.S. Supreme Court ruling on publication of, by New York Times, 358–61
and Watergate scandal, 362–64
People’s Liberation Army (PLA): and Chinese Civil War, 1, 7, 15, 26, 28, 37–38, 73n, 83, 89, 90n, following p. 110
and Cultural Revolution, 306
and war against Japan, 340. See also Chinese Civil War
People’s Republic of China. See China
Phat Diem, Vietnam, 159
Philippines, 4–6, 125, 130, 154, 170
Phleng, Neal, 246–47
Phouma, Souvanna, 205, 208, 239, 384
Ping-hsing Pass, Battle of, 27, 31
PKI. See Indonesian Communist Party (PKI)
PLA. See People’s Liberation Army (PLA)
Plaut, Walter, 33
Pol Pot, 171, 242, 243, 269, 273–77
Pomfret, John, 321
Potsdam Conference/Treaty, 127, 130, 190, 353
Powell, Herbert B., 177
Powers, Francis Gary, 197, 197n, 201
Pran, Dith, 273–77
Priest, Dana, 396
Protest demonstrations. See Student demonstrations
Pu Lun, Prince, 33
Pulitzer Prize, 158, 212, 220, 277, 315, 317, 323, 360–61, 383, 386
Pyle, Richard, 386
Qin dynasty terra-cotta warrior sculptures, 369
Qin Shi Huangdi, 369
Qiu Huizuo, 365–66
Rand, Christopher, 49
Randt, Clark, Jr., 100
Raymond, Jean de, 123
Reagan, Ronald, 215
Red Guards, 305, 307–9, 336, 338–44, 356, 374
Red Star over China (Snow), 4, 325, 326
Reid, James W., following p. 224, 261–64
Reporters Committee for the Freedom of the Press, 396
Reston, James “Scotty,” 206–7, 322–24, 331, 333, 334, 345
Rice, Edward E., 235
Richter, Sviatoslav, 196
Ridgway, Mathew B., 179–80
Riggs, Robert, 34
Risen, James, 396
Roberts, Gene, 387
Robertson, Frank, 6
Robertson, Walter, 7
Rogers, William, 265
Rolling Thunder Operation, 229–32
Ronning, Chester: and Canada’s recognition of Communist China, 104
in Canadian Ministry of External Affairs, 104
and Chiang Kai-shek and Madame Chiang Kai-shek, 51–52
death of, 240
and Deng Xiaoping, 367–68
as diplomat in Nanking during Chinese Civil War, 45, 51–52, 86, 91, 92, 97, 99
documentary on, 332–33
and documentary on Yangtze River, 368
and Ellsberg case, 362
and engagement of daughter Audrey, 52
family background of, 51
and founding of Communist China, 103, 104
and Geneva Conference on Korea and Vietnam (1954), 104, 167, 168, 185, 234, 333
and Geneva Conference on Laos (1961), 205, 234
and house detention of ST by Communists in Nanking, 92
and Huang Hua, 97
and Mao Zedong, 338
and Panikkar, 180
parents of, 9, following p. 224, 297, 332–33
on Pentagon Papers, 362
photograph of, following p. 224
and “Smallbridge” mission during Vietnam War, 234–41, 305, 314
and ST’s posting with Communist forces, 61, 68
and Zhou Enlai, 51, 168, 301, 326, 333, 338, 349, 352, 367–71
Ronning, Halvor, following p. 224, 332–33
Ronning, Hannah, following p. 224, 332–33
Ronning, Inga, 9
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 9, 20–23, 125, 127
Rosenthal, Abe, 320–25, 330–35, 345–47, 358
Rostow, Walt, 151
Rusk, Dean, 157, 235, 238, 239, 313–14, 330
Russell, Bertrand, 210–11
Russia. See Soviet Union
Russian Daily News, 32
Saigon: Americans in, 125–27
British turnover of, to French following World War II, 128
description of, 123
Dewey’s death in, 127–29
evacuation of Vietnamese and journalists from, 381–83, 385
fall of, to North Vietnamese in Vietnam War, 381–85
“Five O’clock Follies” briefings in, 386
during French Indochina War, 122–33, 142, 145, 152, 161–64
Ho Chi Minh’s takeover of, from Japanese, 128
journalists in, during Communist occupation of, 385
Kennedy brothers in, during early 1950s, 151–52, 154–57, 209, 222, 223–24
Le Duan’s purge of South Vietnamese in, 385
New York Times bureau chiefs in, 387
refugees in, 122
ST in, 118, 122, 124–25, 151–52, 154–55, 158, 161–64, 170, 180, 225, 227, 254–55, 386
U.S. military command in, during 1960s, 123. See also Vietnam War
St. Laurent, Louis, 104
Salan, Raoul, 163
Salinger, Pierre, 206
Salisbury, Harrison, 304, 312–18, 361
Sánchez-Paridi, Ramón, 215
Sauvezon, Marie Georges, 263–64
Schanberg, Sydney, 273–77, 381, 382
Schlesinger, Arthur S., 208
Schoenhals, Michael, 372–73
Schwartz, Harry, 203–4
Sebald, William J., 150
September 30 Movement, 283–87, 289, 294
Shanghai: and Chinese Civil War, 59–60, 84, 94
economy of, 59–60
executions in, 59, 108, following p. 110
exodus from, during Battle of the Huai-Hai, 58–59
fall of, to Communist troops, 94
Foreign Correspondents Club in, 60
Hampson as AP correspondent in, 60, 92, 97
Nationalist defense of, 94
refugees in, 59
Shanghai Club in, 59
Shanghai Communiqué, 200, 355, 377
Shanghai Evening Post and Mercury, 59
Shaplen, Bob, 159
Shaplen, Elaine, 159
Sheehan, Neil, following p. 224, 328–30, 334, 360, 361
Sheehan, Susan, 329–30
Sherry, Norman, 161
Sihamoni, Norodom, 277
Sihanouk, Prince Norodom: and bombing of Cambodia by South Vietnam and U.S., 253–54, 262, 264, 267
and China, 258–59, 268–69, 338, 351
coup against, by Lon Nol, 255, 268
and de Gaulle, 259–61
and diplomatic relations with U.S., 253
elephant as gift to Truman from, 244, 251–53
exile of, in Peking, 242, 269, 277
on French Union, 243
and Khmer Rouge, 269, 272, 276
as king of Cambodia, 242
photograph of, following p. 224
political role of, in Cambodia, 242–43, 276–77
and Soviet Union, 258–59, 268, 269
ST’s interview with, 242–43
Silverstein, Louis, 321
Singapore, 282
Sino-Japanese War (1894), 353
Sioux City Journal, 84
Siwantse, China, 12–13
“Smallbridge” mediation mission, 234–41, 305
Smith, Hedrick, 330
Snow, Edgar, 4, 10, 16, following p. 110, 119–20, 325–27, 333, 346
South Africa, 311
South Korea: boundary between North Korea and, 168, 180
U.S. troops stationed in, 391. See also Korean War
South Vietnam: CIA-inspired coup against Diem in, 218–19, 220, 221
creation of, 2
Diem regime of, 188, 218–19, 220
Geneva Accords on, 188
maps of, 134, 226
Potsdam Conference on, 127
and SEATO, 186–87
Vietcong in, during Vietnam War, 227–29, 239, 242, 384–85. See also Saigon; Vietnam War
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), 186–87, 208
Soviet Union: aid for China from, 25
censorship lifted in, 203–4
and Chinese Civil War, 22–23, 25–28, 31, 81–82, 95, 96
and Cuban missile crisis, 208–14
Cuba’s relationship with, 216–17
documentary on Kremlin in, 311
and East Germany, 190–94
and Geneva Conference on Korea and Vietnam (1954) and Geneva Accords, 185, 186, 188
and Ho Chi Minh, 131
ideological split between China and, 2, 17, 199–203, 302
and India, 378
and Korean War, 171, 172, 174, 178, 180, 181
and Manchuria, 22, 25–28, 30, 31, 81, 349, 377
Mao’s foreign policy on, 98–99, 101, 378
and nuclear test-ban treaty, 212
and Pershing missiles in Western Europe, 215
possible aggression against China by, 349, 350
possible nuclear war between China and, 17
and Sihanouk, 258–59, 268, 269
Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance, 101, 102, 117–18
and Stuart’s attempts at peace settlement for Chinese Civil War, 79–82
and Vietnam War, 207–8, 229, 232–33
in World War II, 25–28. See also Khrushchev, Nikita; Moscow; Stalin, Joseph
Stacks, John, 323
Stalin, Joseph: and Chiang Kai-shek, 22–23, 25–28, 31
and Chinese Civil War, 22–23, 25–28, 31, 81–82, 95, 96
and de Gaulle, 393
death of, 201
and declaration of war against Japan during World War II, 25–28
and Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV), 102
Khrushchev on, 201–2
and Korean War, 171, 172, 178, 180, 181
and Mao Zedong, 23, 25–28, 81–82, 95, 96, 98–99, 101, 117, 172, 201–2
removal of body, from Lenin Mausoleum, 202–3
and Yalta Conference, 22–23, 25, 31. See also Soviet Union
Starr, Don, 33
Starzel, Frank, 158
State Department, U.S. See U.S. State Department
Stewart, Ian, 298
Stewart, John, 222
Stewart, Potter, 360
Stillwell, Joseph W., 9, 13, 20, 30
Stillwell, Win, 9
Stindt, Gary, following p. 224
Stone, Dana, 273
Strobel, Warren, 395
Strong, Anna Louise, 16–17
Stuart, J. Leighton: burial of, 100–101
and Communist occupation of Nanking, 94
departure of, from Nanking, 99, 105
and French Indochina War, 87
and Huang Hua, 10–11, 95–97, 100, 101
and Marshall, 80–81
peace mediations by, during Chinese Civil War, 80–82
photograph of, following p. 110
and Yenching University, 95–98, 100–101
Stuart, John, 100
Student demonstrations: anti–Vietnam war demonstration at Kent State, 271
in Chinese Civil War, 91
Kami in Indonesia, 281
in Tiananmen Square (1966), 306–7
in Tiananmen Square (1989), 91–92, 379–80
Subandrio, Dr., 281–84, 289, 295
Sucheng Chan, 384
Sudyono, Willi, 290
Sugigsono, Col., 287
Sugiharto, Maj. Gen., 290
Suharto, Gen., 279–81, 286–88, 294–96
Sujono, Maj., 285
Sukarno, President, 2, 223, following p. 224, 278–96
Sukarnoputri, Megawati, 296
Sulzberger, Arthur Hays, 49, 320
Sulzberger, Arthur Ochs “Punch”: and evacuation of journalists from Saigon, 382
and four-section design of New York Times, 321
Kennedy’s complaint to, about Halberstam, 219
mother of, 368
and Pentagon Papers, 331–32, 334, 345, 358
and Rosenthal appointment as managing editor of New York Times, 323–24
and Salisbury’s dispatches on Vietnam War, 313
and Cyrus Sulzberger as columnist, 312
Sulzberger, Cyrus, 49, 89, 194, 311–12
Sulzberger, Iphigene, 368
Sumitro, Gen., 288–89
Sun Fo, 87
Sun Yuan-liang, 58
Supardjo, Mustafa Sjarif, 284, 285, 287, 289
Supono, 284
Suprapto, Maj. Gen., 285
Supreme Court, U.S. See U.S. Supreme Court
Suramarit, Morodom, 242
Surgical use of acupuncture anesthesia, 336–37
Sutoyo, Lt. Gen., 290
Suyin, Han, 111–12
Swain, John, 274
Sydney, William, 64–65
Sylvester, Arthur, 313
Syria, 391
Szulc, Tad, 219
Tai Yung-kwan, 84
Taiwan: Chiang Kai-shek’s retreat to, 79, 83, 114
invasion of, by Communist forces, 96, 339, 353
massacre of Taiwanese by Chinese Nationalist troops in, 79
Nationalist Chinese occupation of, following World War II, 79
Nationalist government on, 120, 121n, 354
Potsdam and Cairo declarations on, 353
and Sino-Japanese War (1894), 353
transfer of Nationalist air force, navy, and army divisions to, 79, 83, 96
U.S. policy on, 117, 172, 182–83, 339, 349–50, 353, 355, 377
Zhou Enlai on, 352–55
T’aiyuan, China, 93
Tang En-po, 94
Tang, Nancy, 351
Tass, 365–66
Tat’ung, China, 11
Taylor, Maxwell, 227–28
Teng Chieh, 86
Tereshkova, Valentina, 199
Tet offensive, 231
Thai Nguyen, battle of, 143
Thieu, Nguyen Van, 382, 383–84
Tho, Le Duc, 381
Thompson, Jane, 209, following p. 224
Thompson, Lewellyn “Tommy,” 209, 211, following p. 224
Tian Wuzhang, 72–73
Tiananmen Square demonstrations, 91–92, 306–7, 379–80
Tibet, 374–77
Time magazine, 119, 136, 137, 193, 230, 273
Tjugito, 284
Tokyo Club, 280
Topolsky, Anna, following p. 224
Topolsky, Joseph, following p. 224
Topping, Audrey Ronning: and acupuncture anesthesia in surgery, 336–37
in Angkor, 243–44
in Bangkok, 148
China travels by, 73n, 304–5, 332–34, 336–39, 345–55
in Connecticut, 194
courtship and marriage of, 6, 45, 50–52, 112–13
and Deng Xiaoping, 367–68
documentaries by, 311, 332–33, 368
evacuation of, from Nanking, 45, 52
and Graham Greene, 159–61
in Hong Kong, 112–13, 225, 297, 310
and Kennedy, 154
in Moscow, 195, 197–99, 202–3, 209–12
in Nanking/Nanjing, 50–52, 111, 120, 176
and newspaper article on Topping during Chinese Civil War, 64, 112
parents and grandparents of, 9, following p. 224, 297, 332–33
photographs of, following p. 224
as photojournalist, 199, 211, 212, 238, 297, 304–6, 311, 326, 332–33, 337, 345, 348, 368– 69, 375
pregnancies of, and daughters’ births, 136, 145, 165, 191, 311
in Saigon, 122, 154, 158, 161, 180
in Scarsdale, N.Y., 311
and Sihanouk, 242– 43
in Tibet, 374–77
travel of, to Hong Gay, 137, 140–41
at University of British Columbia, 112
Vietnam trip by (2005), 129, 130–31, 387–89
and Zhou Enlai, 301, 326, 333, 349, 352, 367–71
Topping, Karen: birth of, 165
in China as adult, 73n
in Hong Kong, 297
in London, 165
in Moscow, 198–99, 202–3, 209–10
photographs of, following p. 224
in West Berlin, 190–91
Topping, Lesley, 165, 198–99, following p. 224, 297, 368
Topping, Robin, 191, 198–99, following p. 224, 297
Topping, Seymour: Associated Press hiring of, 2, 49–50
Council on Foreign Relations fellowship offered to, 158
courtship and marriage of, 6, 45, 50–52, 112–13
and daughters’ births, 145, 165, 191, 311
grandchildren of, 73n
and International News Service, 2, 6, 7, 33, 49
novels by, 9
overview of journalistic career of, 1–3, 5–6
parents of, 51, following p. 224
photographs of, following pp. 110 and 224
on Pulitzer Prize board, 361, 396–97
in World War II, 3–6. See also Associated Press (AP); Chinese Civil War; New York Times; Pentagon Papers; and specific countries and cities
Topping, Susan: birth of, 145
in Hong Kong, 297
and John Kennedy, 155
in London, 165
in Moscow, 198–99, 202–3, 209–10
photographs of, following p. 224
in West Berlin, 190
and Zhou Enlai, 367–68
Toronto Globe and Mail, 342
Tran Van Giau, 129
Transcription of Chinese language, 399–401
Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895), 353
Trinh, Nguyen Duy, 239
Trudeau, Pierre, 105, 367, 368
Truman, Harry: and atomic bombs dropped on Japan, 3
and Chinese Civil War, 7, 18–20, 31, 48, 69, 78, 80, 96, 117, 118, 156, 172
elephant as gift from Sihanouk to, 244–53
and French Indochina War, 102, 124–27, 132, 146, 329, 393, 394
and Ho Chi Minh, 102, 130–31, 388, 390
and Korean War, 170, 172–75, 179, 180
and Mao Zedong, 19–20, 23, 99, 102, 117–18, 390–91
and Soviet involvement against Japan in World War II, 27, 28
and Stalin’s alliance with Chiang Kai-shek, 26
and Taiwan, 117, 172, 182–83, 339, 353, 377
Tsing-tao Daily Herald, 107
Tu Yu-ming, 35–39, 42, 55, 58, 61, 63, 69–71, following p. 110
Tu Yueh-sheng, 60
U Nu, Premier, 149
U Thant, 234
Ulbricht, Walter, 192
United Nations: and Cambodia, 276
and Chinese forces in Burma, 150
and Communist China, 11, 105, 172
and Korean War, 169, 171, 174, 178, 180
and second Iraq War, 395
and Taiwan, 353
United States. See Chinese Civil War; French Indochina War; Korean War; National security; Vietnam War; specific presidents and government agencies
U.S. Air Force, 27–29, 33–34, 38, 148, 178
U.S. Army Observer Group, 14, 15, 20–23, 72
U.S. Defense Department, 42, 185, 192, 328, 358
U.S. Marines: and Chinese Civil War, 59, 70, 87
and Korean War, 174, 175, 177–78, 180
and surrender of Japanese at end of World War II, 107
and Vietnam War, 229, 230, 381–83
U.S. National Security Council (NSC), 146, 170
U.S. State Department: and bombing of Cambodia, 265, 267, 268
and burial of Stuart in Hangzhou, China, 100
China specialists in, 34n, 119, 155, 325
and CIA operation in Burma, 149
criticisms of, over outcome of Chinese Civil War, 119, 155
on domino theory, 126
and elephant as gift to Truman from Sihanouk, 244–52
and French Indochina War, 153–54
Gullion and XYZ mission for, 222
and Mao’s interest in cooperation with U.S., 23
and possible coalition government between Chiang and Mao, 21
and Stuart’s peace mediations during Chinese Civil War, 81–82
and Stuart’s proposed exploratory talks with Mao and Zhou, 97–99, 101, 103
and Taiwan, 117
and U.S. recognition of Communist China, 117–18
and Vietnam War, 233, 234–35, 237–38, 313, 316
White Paper on China by, 18, 19, 118–19, 352
U.S. Supreme Court, 358–61
University of Missouri, 4, 5, 107, 325
UP. See United Press
Urquhart, Robert, 59
Vance, Cyrus, 360
Vang Pao, 384
Vecchio, Mary Ann, 271
Veit, Ivan, 331
“Vesuvius” operation, 261–64, 267
Viet Minh: and Bao Dai, 131–32
bombing of Saigon by, 122–23, 152
and China frontier, 135–47, 170
Chinese advisers to, 102–3, 155, 163, 171
as Communist, 164
de Lattre on strategy against, 153
and death of Peter Dewey, 129
and Dien Bien Phu battle, 163, 184–85, 188
and Geneva Accords (1954), 188
and Giap, 38, 103, 133, 142–44, 147, 163
and Hoa Binh offensive by de Lattre, 160–63
and Nationalist Chinese troops, 116
and Phat Diem episode, 159
and protracted war strategy, 131, 225, 227
and purge of Ho Chi Minh’s opponents, 133
U.S. support for French against, 125
weapons for, 124, 135–36, 142–43, 163
during World War II, 130. See also French Indochina War
Vietcong: attack on Pleiku by, 228–29
in Cambodia, 253–55, 258, 261–64
and Du Co battle, 255–56
in South Vietnam, 227– 31, 239, 242, 384–85
victory of, 384–85. See also Vietnam War
Vietnam: Bao Dai’s regime in, 125, 126, 131–32, 146, 152–55, 218, 384, 394
China as traditional enemy of, 170–71
free market economy in, 388
French “Road of Death” in, 134, 136–41
Geneva Accords (1954) and partition of, 188
Greene’s Quiet American on, 160
Ho Chi Minh and independence for, 129–31, 133
Japanese rule of, during World War II, 128, 131
Kennedy brothers in, during early 1950s, 2, 151–52, 154–57, 218, 222, 223–24
Le Duan as successor to Ho Chi Minh in, 385, 388
maps of, 134, 226
political assassinations and executions in, 123, 133
Potsdam Conference on, 127
refugees from, 385
Toppings’ return to, in 2005, 129, 130–31, 387–89
U.S. relations with, in twenty-first century, 388–89
war between China and (1979), over Paracel Islands, 171. See also Ho Chi Minh; North Vietnam; South Vietnam; Vietnam War
Vietnam Study Task Force, 328–29. See also Pentagon Papers
Vietnam War: Agent Orange used during, 234
antiwar movement during, 269, 271, 334, 361, 386–87
bombing of Cambodia by U.S. during, 241, 242, 253–54, 256, 262, 264–73, 391–92
bombing of North Vietnam by U.S. during, 206, 222, 227–30, 232, 233–34, 238, 239–41, 256, 257, 312–14, 328, 391–92
and Canada, 234–35
casualties of, 228–29, 230, 233, 257, 270–73, 312–14, 316, 383–84, 386, 388, 392
cease-fire during, 381
cessation of bombing of North Vietnam by U.S., 240
and China, 189, 207, 232–33, 377–78, 385
Communist victory in, 381–85
compared with U.S. invasion of Iraq (2003), 392, 393, 395
and domino theory, 126, 146, 393
Duc Co battle during, 256–57
Emerson’s reporting on, 324
fall of Saigon to North Vietnamese during, 381–85
“Five O’clock Follies” briefings during, 386
Flaming Dart reprisals in, 229
Four Points as precondition for peace negotiations in, 222, 236, 237, 240
and Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 394, 395
Halberstam’s critique of, 219
invasion of Cambodia by U.S. and South Vietnamese forces, 269–71, 351
and Johnson, 222, 224, 227–29, 231–34, 238, 240, 256, 317, 329, 391–92, 394
journalists killed or missing during, 272–73, 386
and John Kennedy, 157, 206, 207–8, 218–19, 221–23, 329
and Robert Kennedy, 222–24
and Khrushchev, 208
and McNamara, 126–27, 229, 232, 238, 240–41, 393
news media during, 386–87, 394–95
and Nixon, 24, 241, 242, 265–73, 381, 391–92
North Vietnamese troops and Vietcong in Cambodia during, 253–56, 258, 261–65, 267, 268
number of American soldiers in, 229
Operation Rolling Thunder during, 229–32
Paris Peace Talks on, 269, 329
refugees following, 385
Salisbury’s reporting on, 312–18
“Smallbridge” mediation mission during, 234–41, 305
and Soviet Union, 207–8, 229, 232–33
Tet offensive during, 231
Vietcong attack on Pleiku, 228–29
Vietcong in South Vietnam during, 227–31, 239, 242, 384–85
weapons used in, 208, 232–34, 263–64
and Westmoreland, 225, 227, 229–31, 254, 263, 386. See also Cambodia; French Indochina War; Pentagon Papers
Vorster, John, 311
Vu Xuan Hong, 388–89
Walker, Walton, 179–80
Wall Street Journal, 21, 347, 396, 397
Walter, Andrew G., 374
Wang Ching-wei, 47
Wang Dongxing, 373
Wang Guangmei, 308–9
Wang Hongwen, 373
Wang Pingnan, 104
Wang Village, China, 181
Washington Post, 314, 330, 359, 360, 363, 382, 396, 397
Wastin, Andre, 136–37
Watergate scandal, 362–64
Watts, William, 267
Wedemeyer, Albert C., 20–23, 81
Weill, Kurt, 191
Welles, Benjamin, 33
Welles, Cynthia, 33
Wenhui Bao, 302
West Berlin. See Berlin
West Germany. See Germany
Westlein, Meme, 368
Westlein, Richard, 368
Westmoreland, William, 225, 227, 229–31, 254, 263, 264, 386
White, William, 261–62
Whitney, Craig, 387
Whittlesey, Henry C., 14
Wibhawa, Col., 290
Wicker, Tom, 220
Willoughby, Charles, 5, following p. 110, 169, 170, 176, 178
Wilson, Harold, 238
World War II: atom bombs during, 3–4
bombing by Allies during, 272, 313
Burma campaign during, 30, 35, 42
Chennault in, 57n
and Chiang Kai-shek, 9
Peter Dewey in, 128
MacArthur in, 5
Soviet Union’s declaration of war against Japan during, 25–28
ST in, 3–6
surrender of Japanese forces during, 107, following p. 110
Wu Faxian, 365–66
Wu, K. C., 60
Wu Shao-chou, 63
Xinhua (Chinese news agency), 109, 298, 304
Xuzhou Daily, 73n
Yalta Conference, 22–23, 25, 31
Yang Kaihui, 376
Yang, Mr., 347
Yang Su, 374
Yani, Achmad, 281–82, 284–85, 294
Yao Yanliu, 334
Yeh, George, 86
Yen Hsi-shan, 93
Yenan, 10, 13–29, 33, 38, 300, 301
Yenching University, 10, 95–98, 100–101
Yevtushenko, Yevgeny, 199
Yi Shih Pao, 92
Young, David R., Jr., 363, 364
Yuhoyono, Susilo Bambang, 296
Zeigler, Ronald, 267
Zeng Gelin, 26
Zhao Ziyang, 379–80
Zhou Enlai: and American ping-pong team in China, 326, 338
and Audrey Topping, 301, 333, 349, 352, 367–71
and border dispute with India, 234
and Chinese Civil War, 10–11, 17, 18, 28–29, 81, 301
and Cultural Revolution, 304, 338, 340–41, 350, 355, 356, 371, 376
death and memorial service of, 309, 371–72
demonstrations honoring memory of, 372
and Deng Xiaoping, 309, 367–68, 370–71, 376
and Dulles, 168
and executions of counter-revolutionaries, 109
as folk hero after death, 372, 376
and founding of People’s Republic of China, 96
Gang of Four’s plot against, 373
and Geneva Conference on Korea and Vietnam (1954) and Geneva Accords, 168, 185, 188, 189, 333, 351, 391
health problems of, 368, 369–71
and Indonesia, 282–83
interpreters for, 351
and Kissinger, 349–50
and Korean War, 172–75, 178, 180, 181
and Li Tsung-jen, 121n
and Lin Liguo’s assassination plot against Mao Zedong, 366
and Malaysia, 282
Mao’s relationship with, 303, 355–56
and Panikkar, 103
photographs of, following p. 224, 326, 333
and Ronning, 51, 168, 301, 333, 338, 349, 352, 367–71
and Roosevelt, 20–22
safeguarding of Chinese heritage by, 356, 371
and Sihanouk, 268
and Sino-Soviet split, 201, 203
Snow’s interviews with, 325–26, 346
and social events in Great Hall of the People, 269, 301, 326, 333, 338, 341, 349, 351–55
ST’s interview with, 311, 332–34, 347–48, 351–54
ST’s view of, 371
and Stuart, 97–99
on Taiwan, 352–55
and U.S. Army Observer Group, 23
and U.S. recognition of Communist China, 96
and Vietnam War, 189, 232, 268
Zhou Sufei, 16
Zhu De, 15–17, 44, 66, 83, following p. 110, 179, 340
Zhu Qiusheng, 369–70
Ziegler, Ron, 363
Zorthian, Barry, 227–28