NOTE: Bold page numbers refer to photographs.
ABC, 580
Abwehr (German security service), 45, 79, 172
Adley, William, 334
Aebischer, Ray, 224
AEF. See Allied Expeditionary Force; American Expeditionary Force
Air Force, U.S., 166, 439. See also specific unit
Air Landing Brigade, British, 657, 662–63
airborne troops, allied
accomplishments/contributions of, 106, 275–76
and allied planning and preparations, 27, 35–36, 38, 46, 69, 84, 89–90, 92–96, 101, 108
and allied troops at Vierville, 498
bombardment by, 261–77, 300, 498
and British at Sword Beach, 648
and Canadians at Juno Beach, 617, 631
command structure and organization for, 92–93
in Cotentin, 332–61
and cracking the Atlantic Wall, 215–44
D-Day landing and, 218, 219, 220–21, 243–44
and decision to go, 191–92, 197–98, 199, 207
disputes involving, 92–93
Eisenhower’s views about, 261n
experience of, 144
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 321, 324, 330
German defenses against, 249, 250–51, 259–60, 269, 271
and German reactions to allied buildup in England, 171
impact on Germany of, 14
intelligence and, 171
and loading for D-Day, 185, 187–88
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 157–58
mission of, 247
and mobility of AEF, 171
and naval crossing and bombardment, 291
night attacks by, 245–60
pilots for, 218, 219, 220–21, 243–44, 248, 272–75
reconnaissance by, 46, 69, 84, 101, 171, 232, 324, 519
and Rommel’s predictions about Operation Overlord, 58
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 469, 473
and struggle for the high ground, 519, 522
superiority/supremacy of, 90, 92–96, 197–98, 261n, 262, 275, 276, 439
as tactical support for land armies, 263, 272–75, 276, 439
technology and, 43
See also paratroopers; specific unit
Ajax (British battleship), 609
Alexander, Harold, 41
Allen, Lieutenant, 432
Allied Expeditionary Force (AEF)
advantages of, 101
British-U.S. relations and, 26, 27, 40–41, 47, 54, 61, 64, 82, 92–96, 137–39, 162, 589–90, 593
command structure for, 63–64
communications among, 276, 333, 360, 479, 498, 530, 535, 640
comparison of Wehrmacht and, 41–43
coordination and teamwork of, 47, 277
Eisenhower named Supreme Commander of, 61
German estimates of strength of, 80, 81
leadership of, 400, 410–11, 541
mistakes by, 667–68
and Operation Overlord as an offensive move, 88–89
Rommel’s analysis of, 116
shortages among, 31
See also specific person, unit, or topic
Allied Supreme Command, picture of members of, 71
American Battle Monuments Commission, 574
American Expeditionary Force (AEF), 41
American Federation of Labor, 575
American Legion Magazine, 456, 458n
Amsterdam, Netherlands: D-Day landing announcements in, 582–83
Ancon (U.S. amphibious command ship), 440–41, 501, 514, 538, 580
Anderson, Lieutenant, 406
Anderson (medic), 347
Anderson, Robert, 54, 548, 549
Arkansas (U.S. battleship), 122–23, 178, 281, 295, 297, 298–99, 609
Army Air Force, U.S., 14, 26, 98, 135, 262, 276, 277
army, British
accomplishments of, 251
characteristics and experience of, 38, 39
Hitler’s views about, 10
Rommel’s views about, 129
shortcomings of World War II, 39–40
See also specific person or unit
Army Group B, German, 51, 59, 64, 190
Army Group West, German, 238
Army Signal Corps, U.S., 445, 453
Army, U.S.
average age in, 18
characteristics of infantry of, 38–39
experience of, 38–39
Marshall’s transformation of, 26
Navy relations with, 142
racial integration in, 427n
strength of, 26
See also specific person or unit
Army War College, U.S., 151
Arnold, James, 310
Arromanches, 68, 121, 189, 190, 362, 592, 608, 612, 615, 652, 653
Assault Training Center, 140, 146–47, 176, 433
Atlantic Wall
allied aerial bombardment of, 263
allied cracking of, 215–44, 540, 667, 668
and allied plans and preparations for D-Day, 25, 43, 67, 72, 99, 121
construction of, 21–22, 23, 24, 55, 99–100, 118, 154, 167, 667
and deceptive operations of allies, 79
French Resistance and, 99
and German reactions to allied buildup in England, 172
and German strategy on Western Front, 120
Hitler’s orders about, 21–22, 24
Hitler’s visits to, 24
as mistake, 667
reinforcement of, 172
Rommel and, 50–51, 55, 56–57, 58, 99, 113, 120, 154
Rundstedt and, 55
shortcomings of, 113
atomic bombs/weapons, 14, 43, 47, 120
Attlee, Clement, 578
Audouville-la-Hubert, 334–35
Augusta (U.S. ship), 444, 499, 500, 514
“Axis Sally” (aka Midge Gillars), 45–46, 46n, 185, 208–9
Aydlett, Cyrus, 290
B-17 Flying Fortress, 15, 103, 128, 262, 263, 265–66, 267–68, 272, 273, 365, 410, 539, 617
B-24 Liberators, 122, 263, 272
B-26 Marauders, 97, 98, 263, 264–65, 265, 266–69, 271, 272, 273, 277, 306, 361
bagpipes, 623, 634, 639, 644, 646, 647, 659
Bailey, Jack “Bill,” 1, 655, 674
Baldwin (destroyer), 198
Balkoski, Joseph, 301
balloons, barrage, 148, 282–83, 284, 425, 545
bangalore torpedoes, 123, 138–39, 140–41, 185, 287, 380, 387, 396, 398, 400, 406, 408, 432, 433, 436, 493, 494, 626, 637
Bannerman, Alistair, 169–70
BAR (Browning automatic rifle), 141, 257, 287, 367, 376, 383, 385, 387, 399, 415, 472, 476, 478–79, 488, 494, 522, 528, 533
Bare, Harry, 376–77
Barensfeld, Jack, 273, 274, 275
Barfleur, 265
Barnes, John, 124, 168, 372–73
Barrett, Joseph, 605
Barton, Raymond O., 283, 306, 317
Bastogne, Battle at, 42
Bayerlein, Fritz, 117, 119, 342
Bayeux, France, 100–101, 104, 119, 121, 539, 593, 605–7, 611–12
Bayfield (U.S. transporter), 283, 290, 294, 317, 325
bazookas, 123, 207, 244, 334, 336, 351, 356, 359, 367, 398–99, 415, 432, 509
BBC, 68–69, 104, 203, 342, 580, 581, 662
Beaudin, Briand, 235
Beck, John, 321
Beckett, William, 416
Bedford, Virginia: impact of D-Day on, 573–74
Beer, Robert, 441
Beetle, Frank, 185
Belcher, Julius, 464
Belfast (British cruiser), 192, 599, 601, 603, 606–7, 608
Belgian gates, 109, 110–11, 312, 452–53, 546
Benouville, 101, 649, 655, 657, 659
Berggren, Bobby, 273
Berlin, Germany
Allied raids on, 15–16
and announcements about D-Day landings, 584
Bernières-sur-Mer, 140, 615, 619, 623, 628, 653
Bernstein, Eugene, 142–43, 157, 200, 300
Berry, John, 639
Bettle, Frank, 185
Beyer, A.R., 294
bicycles, 101, 104–5, 118, 151, 158, 158–59, 158n, 173, 229, 251–52, 254, 271, 356, 527, 589, 591, 605, 628, 644–49, 659–60
Bigot (security designation), 162, 187
Bingham, Sidney, 389–90, 485, 532, 533
Birch, Doug, 294–95
Black Prince (British ship), 284
black troops, 426, 427, 427n, 449, 457, 575. See also race issues
Blamey, Pat, 600–601
Blanchard, John, 228
Blankenship, Charles, 228
blitzkrieg, German, 11–12, 134
Block, Walter, 472, 473, 476, 477
Blumenson, Martin, 54
Blumenstedt, Guenther, 22
Blumentritt, Günther von, 342
Borkowski, Stanley, 449
Bortzfield, Charles, 219–20, 220n
Bosworth, Donald, 351
Bouchereau, Paul, 234–35, 235n
Bowen, George, 397–98, 399, 513
Bradley, Holdbrook, 290
Bradley, Omar N.
and allied planning and preparations, 70, 72, 80, 89, 90, 107, 108
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 499–500, 501, 517
and decision to go, 203
Eisenhower’s relationship with, 64
and landings on Omaha Beach, 412
and loading for D-Day, 175
and naval crossing and bombardment, 299
and navy at Omaha Beach, 444
picture of, 71
views about Omaha Beach of, 499–500, 508, 517
Branham, Felix, 138, 166, 181–82, 199, 385, 484, 674
Breeze, David, 251
Brewer, Robert, 17
bridges, folding, 586–87, 588, 589, 624–26, 626n, 637
briefings
and allied aerial bombardment, 263, 265
of allied forces for Operation Overlord, 162, 165–69, 190
and decision to go, 195
following D-Day landings, 243–44
about Omaha Beach, 365n
Brierre, Eugene, 216–17, 227, 319, 338–39
Britain, Battle of, 171
British-U.S. relations
and British gadgets, 589–90
and Caen, 593
Eisenhower and, 54, 61, 64, 94
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 162
and planning and preparations for Operation Overlord, 26, 27, 40–41, 47, 82, 92–96
and U.S. troops in England, 137–39
Brooke, Alan, 40–41
Brotheridge, Den, 1–2, 4–5, 10, 199, 216, 284
Brown, John, 651
Browning automatic rifle. See BAR
Brumbaugh, Frank, 208
Bryant, C.F., 441
Bryant, H.T., 228
Bulge, Battle of the, 276, 330, 427n
Bulolo (British headquarters ship), 609
Bureau of Ships, U.S. Navy, 34, 35
Burke, Ferris, 449
Burt, William, 336
Butler, Robert, 240
C-47 planes “Dakotas,” 4–7, 9, 35, 167, 176, 187, 208, 210–11, 215, 216–18, 219, 221, 226, 229, 233, 237, 240, 247, 263, 273, 274, 353, 678
Cable, Dale, 233
Cadish, Harold, 228
Caen
and allied aerial bombardment, 263, 272
and allied airborne night attack, 258
and allied airborne troops in Cotentin, 354
and allied planning and preparations, 68, 89, 89n, 101, 118, 121
and British airborne on D-Day, 654, 665
and British gadgets, 593
and British at Sword Beach, 637, 644, 651, 653
British troops advance on, 595, 596
and British-U.S. relations, 593
and Canadians at Juno Beach, 629, 631
Churchill’s comments about British troops at, 579
and cracking the Atlantic Wall, 235
D-Day landing at, 1–2
and D-Day as surprise for Germans, 552
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 606, 607, 609
French Resistance in, 102–3
German defenses at, 117, 119, 207, 238
and German reactions to Allied buildup in England, 171
Cairo, Egypt: Roosevelt meeting in, 59
Calais. See Pas-de-Calais
Calvados Coast
and airborne troops in Cotentin, 343
and allied aerial bombardment, 263
and allied planning and preparations, 68–70, 72, 73, 80, 84, 85
British-German battles on, 596–97
and D-Day as surprise for Germans, 552
German defenses at, 119, 189, 190
and German reactions to Allied buildup in England, 171, 172
and Glebe House debriefing, 246
and Lane’s capture, 130
and loading for D-Day, 182
and struggle for the high ground, 519
Calvert, Paul, 532
Camien, John, 336
Canada/Canadians, 9, 72, 130, 162, 178, 572, 574–75, 613, 616, 626, 660. See also Dieppe, France: attack on; specific unit
Canadian Scottish Regiment, 623–24, 628–29, 631
Canham, Charles, 138, 385, 391, 392, 485, 486, 498, 527, 528–29, 532, 670, 672
cannons
88mm, 112–13, 189, 219, 221, 222, 268, 303, 310, 359, 371, 415, 420, 485, 515, 613, 623, 626, 634, 654
105mm, 112, 123, 172, 341, 343, 367, 416–17, 440, 530, 629
155mm, 100, 324, 460, 475, 478–79, 596, 608–9, 615, 633
role in D-Day landing of, 547
75mm, 112–13, 172, 251, 271, 281, 303, 304, 326, 344, 371, 415, 474, 509, 588, 596, 622–23, 626, 633, 637
Capa, Robert, 182, 452–53, 453, 454–55, 455–56
Carbone, Nick, 297
Carentan
and allied air attacks, 255, 257, 259–60, 263, 271
and allied airborne troops in Cotentin, 332, 339, 341–42, 344, 345, 354
and allied planning and preparations, 119, 121
and cracking the Atlantic Wall, 224–25, 232, 236–37
German defenses at, 259–60
importance of, 593
and struggle for the high ground, 525, 531, 539
Carey, Homer, 194
Carlucci, A.J., 351
Carmick (U.S. destroyer), 441, 442
Carpiquet airfield, 68, 89, 121, 593, 629, 630, 665
Carson, Gordon, 45–46
Cartledge, Carl, 209, 220, 243–44, 255, 347
Cavanaugh, Harold, 6–7
Channel Islands, 24, 67, 216, 218, 219
chaplains/priests, 168, 174, 202, 492, 620, 662, 681
“Charge of the Light Brigade, The” (Tennyson), 389, 678
Charlie (Omaha Beach): and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 367, 378–79
Chatterton, George, 145–46
Chef-du-Pont, 258, 325, 345, 348, 351–54, 360
Cherbourg
and allied airborne night attack, 258
and allied airborne troops in Cotentin, 354, 359
and allied planning and preparations, 67, 68, 83, 84, 121, 122
and end of D-Day, 670–71
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 606
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 328, 330
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 171
and naval crossing and bombardment, 285
Cherokee code talkers, 148
Christie, Agatha, 157
Churchill, Winston
and allied fooling of Germans, 79
and allied planning and preparations, 26, 31, 45n, 73, 80, 82, 93, 94, 95–96, 130, 131, 132
announcement of D-Day landing by, 579
and British-U.S. relations, 73
commanders relationship with, 555
de Gaulle’s meeting with, 193
and decision to go, 192–93
Eisenhower and, 61–62, 80, 82, 132, 192–93, 579
and Hitler’s Western Front strategy, 13
House of Commons speech by, 579
picture of, 91
at Quebec summit, 92
and selection of name Operation Overlord, 59
soldiers’ views about, 170
at Teheran summit, 59
views about Operation Overlord of, 9
cigarettes, 51, 63, 170, 176–77, 187, 194, 195, 207, 234–35, 311, 338, 391, 396, 406, 417–18, 430, 441, 490, 491, 526, 548, 556–57, 572, 582, 591, 660
Cincinnati, Ohio, and announcements about D-Day landing, 575
Civilian Defense Volunteer Office, 570
Clancy, Jerry, 289
Coast Guard, U.S., 174, 175, 183, 185, 283, 285, 330, 368, 369, 372, 427, 449, 453, 456, 457, 482, 563
Colleville
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 550–51
and allied planning and preparations, 68, 70, 121
allied struggle for, 518–41
and British at Sword Beach, 648
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 504, 509, 510, 512, 514, 516
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 605
German defense of, 605
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 172
and naval crossing and bombardment, 291, 303
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 363, 367
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 397, 400, 403
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 426
Collingwood, Charles, 580
Collins, Joseph Lawton, 295, 297
Colson, Clarence, 399
Columbi, Jerry, 211
Colwell, Curtis, 398
Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCS), 63, 64, 66, 92, 93, 94
Combined Operations Pilotage Parties (COPPs), 69, 70, 128
Commander Task Force, 534
commandos, British
and allied planning and preparations, 79, 121
and British airborne on D-Day, 655, 657, 659, 660
and British gadgets, 594
and British at Sword Beach, 594, 634, 635, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 643, 644, 647, 648, 649, 650
and Caen, 593
and Canadians at Juno Beach, 613, 621
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 602–3, 604, 608–9
Jews in, 645
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day morning, 467, 470
and training of allied forces, 148, 150–51
See also specific unit
commandos, French, 639
Committee of National Liberation, French, 95
Congress, U.S., 572
Conway, Harold, 226
Cook, James, 427n
Cooke, Charles, 440, 441, 504, 544
Corry (U.S. destroyer), 292, 294–95
COSSAC, 66, 67, 69, 70, 72, 73, 77, 89
Cota, Norman “Dutch,” 124, 375, 385, 387, 389, 392, 411, 485–87, 493, 498, 670, 672
Cotentin Peninsula
and aerial night attacks, 255, 257, 258–59
airborne troops in, 332–61, 595
and allied aerial bombardment, 265, 271–72
and allied planning and preparations, 67–68, 72, 73, 83, 84, 85, 89, 108, 122, 130
D-Day landing and, 4–5, 216, 218–19, 225, 227, 236, 243
and D-Day as surprise for Germans, 552
and decision to go, 191–92
and end of D-Day, 667
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 328, 330
German defenses on, 118–19, 190, 207
and German reactions to Allied buildup in England, 171, 172
lack of German leadership in, 341–43
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 162, 165
and naval crossing and bombardment, 281
and training of allied forces, 140
See also Utah Beach
Courseulles-sur-Mer, 611, 615, 626, 626n, 628, 653
Coyle, James, 355, 357, 359–60
Creasy, George, 70
Cronkite, Walter, 108, 420, 678–79
Crosby, Harry, 277
Crow, Polly, 561
Cruelly (French village), 607, 608, 612, 631
Cunningham, Andrew, 61
Curacao (British ship), 135
Curtis, Rupert, 643–44
D-Day
allied mistakes and shortcomings for, 243–44, 245–47
allied planning and preparations for, 9–10, 25–47, 45n, 66–87, 88–106, 107–32
announcements about landing on, 559–84, 565
debriefings about, 243–44
and decision to go, 191–214
determining the where and when of, 28, 66–87, 74–75, 84–85, 173, 267, 572
Eisenhower’s activities on, 555–56
Eisenhower’s announcement about landing, 556, 564, 567, 582
Eisenhower’s order of the day for, 178, 181
Eisenhower’s views about, 178, 181, 188, 195, 420, 556, 678–79
end of, 666–81
first allied soldiers killed on, 5, 9
German forces on eve of, 188–90, 206–7
on home front, 559–84
initial German reactions to landings on, 227–29, 232, 235–37, 238, 244, 552–53, 555
as surprise to Germany, 16, 25, 28, 73, 552, 665, 668
See also specific unit, location, or topic
Daley, Arthur, 569
Dallas, Texas, and announcement of D-Day landing, 576
Daniell, Raymond, 579
d’Anselm, Madame, 597
Davis, Ralph, 472
Dawson, Francis, 491, 491n, 494, 494n, 530, 532
Dawson, Joe
and containment of catastrophe at Easy Red Sector, 506, 506n, 508–9, 509n, 510, 512, 516
leadership abilities of, 498
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 399, 406, 408, 409, 410
and struggle for the high ground, 534, 535
Dawson, Robert, 639
de Gaulle, Charles, 95, 98, 148, 160, 193, 639
de Guingand, Freddie, 108
DeFilippo, Arthur, 222
DeFlita, Frank, 225
del Giudice, Vincent, 325–26
Della-Volpe, Ralph, 319
demolition teams
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 546
and allied troops at Vierville, 482, 487
and Canadians at Juno Beach, 618
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 598–99, 599, 600
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 311–12, 314
and navy at Omaha Beach, 435, 443
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 367, 372
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 420–21, 427, 432
See also Underwater Demolition Teams
Deyo, Morton, 130–31
Dickson, George, 218
Dieppe, France: attack at, 26, 67, 582, 613, 615, 632, 640, 643
Dingledine, Carl “Mo,” 416
Ditmar, Robert, 384
Dives River, 72, 89, 121, 187, 247, 251, 254, 654, 655, 660
Dog Green (Omaha Beach)
and allied planning and preparations, 123, 126–27
and allied troops at Vierville, 490
and naval crossing and bombardment, 280, 302, 303
and navy at Omaha Beach, 444
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 367, 376, 378–79
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 466
and struggle for the high ground, 521, 528–29, 530
Dog Red (Omaha Beach)
and allied planning and preparations, 123, 126–27
and allied troops at Vierville, 491
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 505
map of, 507
and naval crossing and bombardment, 280
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 367, 376, 378–79
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 462
and struggle for the high ground, 530
Dog White (Omaha Beach), 123, 126–27, 280, 302, 303, 367, 376, 378–79, 388, 466, 490, 492, 530
Dolan, Joseph, 294
Dollmann, Friedrich, 64–65, 190, 200, 203, 206, 238, 342
Donlan, Joseph, 283
Double Cross System, 45–47, 77, 79, 85
Douve River, 130, 225, 255, 257, 258, 332, 338, 344, 345–46, 348, 361, 362
Downs, Bill, 580
Dragotto, Joseph, 168–69
Drnovich, Louis, 430
Dudka, Bill, 629
Dudka, Stanley, 629–30
Duffy, Edward, 441
Duke, Anthony “Tony,” 182, 283–84
DUKWs (“Ducks”) landing craft, 30, 30, 31, 69, 123, 124, 146, 147, 185, 295, 412, 419, 421, 422–23, 440, 449, 450, 457, 469–70, 501
Dunkirk: British evacuation of, 68, 131, 182, 577, 639
Dupuy, Ernest, 564
Durant, Will, 185
Durham Light Infantry, British, 601
Durnford-Slater, John, 660–61
E-boats, German, 16, 84, 129, 143, 171, 178, 190, 284, 285, 292, 293, 670
Eaker, Ira, 152
East, Charles, 39
East Yorkshire Regiment, British, 634, 639
Eastern Front, 12–14, 16–18, 21–22, 24, 154, 157n, 178, 189, 678. See also Soviet Union
Eastridge, Ralph, 158, 165–66, 175, 176, 178, 182
Easy Green (Omaha Beach), 123, 126–127, 280, 301, 367, 376, 378–79, 382, 396, 408, 507, 517, 521
Easy Red (Omaha Beach)
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 542–44, 549
and allied planning and preparations, 128
containment of catastrophe in, 499–517
German fortifications at, 474
and loading of allied forces, 182
map of, 507
and navy at Omaha Beach, 452–53, 453, 455
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 367, 378–79, 382
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 393, 396–97, 408
and struggle for the high ground, 538
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 423, 428
Eden, Anthony, 95–96
Edward, James, 200
Edwards, Mrs. Randolph, 576
18th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 185, 419, 501, 502, 504, 505, 514, 515–16, 535, 538
Eighth Air Force, U.S., 16, 64, 92–94, 122, 152, 263, 267, 277, 467
Eighth Army, British, 39, 40, 53
8th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 130, 134–35, 305–6, 308, 310, 317, 319, 321, 324–25, 330
80th Airborne Antiaircraft Battalion, 356
82nd Airborne Division, U.S.
and allied aerial attacks, 255, 257
and allied airborne troops in Cotentin, 332, 333, 335, 342, 348, 351, 354, 355–56, 360, 361, 595
and allied mistakes, 667–68
and allied planning and preparations, 89, 90, 121–22, 130
Axis Sally’s comments about, 209
C-47s use by, 35
and changing plans, 595
combat experience of, 38
and cracking the Atlantic Wall, 216, 218, 225, 229, 232, 234, 240, 242–44
D-Day landing of, 5–6
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 321, 325, 331
Glebe Mount House briefings/debriefings and, 243–44, 245–47
and loading for D-Day, 188
mission of, 258
at Salerno, 26
and training for D-Day, 144
Eikner, James W., 146–47, 467n, 469, 473, 476, 477, 480
Eisenhower, Dwight D.
and allied command structure, 63–64
Ambrose’s interview with, 31–32
announcement of D-Day landing by, 556, 564, 567, 582
awarding of DSC by, 513
and blacks in army, 427n
British relations with, 54, 61, 64
Churchill and, 80, 82, 132, 192–93, 579
as commander of amphibious operations, 26
commanders/subordinates relationship with, 64, 555–56
commitment to war efforts of, 65
consideration of allied withdrawal by, 500
Cronkite interview of, 108, 420, 678–79
D-Day activities of, 555–56
de Gaulle’s meeting with, 193
as decision maker, 205–6
fears of, 481
on firing range, 139
and John’s London visit, 571n
and John’s West Point graduation, 570–71
leadership abilities of, 53–54
London headquarters of, 61–63
named Supreme Commander of AEF, 61
personal and professional background of, 49, 51, 52, 53, 54–55
personality and character of, 51–52, 54, 61, 62–64
pictures of, 48, 60, 71, 91, 212–13
Rommel compared with, 49, 51–55, 62–65, 106
and Russian announcements about D-Day landings, 583
and selection of commander for Operation Overlord, 59, 61
strategy of, 92–93
teamwork emphasis of, 61
views about D-Day of, 65, 128, 367, 420, 678–79
and women in military, 563
“Worries of a Commander” by, 193
See also specific person or topic
Eisenhower, John, 55, 261n, 570–71, 571n
Eisenhower, Mamie Doud, 51, 53, 54–55, 87, 570–71
Elder, Captain, 302
Elder, Chaplain, 168
Ellery, John, 410–11, 514, 676
Emden (German cruiser), 284
Empire Arquebus (British transporter), 285
Empire Javelin (British transporter), 285, 373
engineers, combat
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 546, 547
and allied airborne night attack, 249
and allied planning and preparations, 108, 111n, 123–24, 128
and allied troops at Vierville, 482, 487
and British at Sword Beach, 634
and Canadians at Juno Beach, 619, 631
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 601, 604
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 305, 311, 312, 314
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 158
and naval crossing and bombardment, 287
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 367, 387
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 400, 408
and struggle for the high ground, 530, 540
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 418, 420–21, 427–34
training for, 141, 145, 147–48
See also demolition teams; specific unit
Engineers Special Brigade, 447. See also specific unit
England, Sergeant, 489
Enigma system, German, 43, 45, 46
Epstein, Herb, 495
Erben, Fred, 408
escape aids, 160
Eureka/Rebecca Radar Beacon System, 208, 215, 216, 218, 226, 244
Evanger, Sergeant, 416
Ewell, Julian, 338
Farrell, Lieutenant, 346
Fast, Victor, 491, 493, 495, 498
Feduik, Frank, 449–50
Feiler, Samuel, 209
Fellers, Taylor, 371
Ferguson, Kenneth, 588–89, 592, 637
Ferguson, Lieutenant, 194
Feuchtinger, Edgar, 117, 203, 206, 238, 655, 655n
Fifteenth Army, German, 59, 62, 64, 68, 83, 84, 200, 342
5th Engineer Special Brigade (ESB), U.S., 147, 167, 185, 429–30, 449, 545–46
5th Field Artillery Battalion (1st Division), U.S., 182, 542–44
5th Parachute Brigade, British, 657
5th Ranger Battalion, U.S.
and allied planning and preparations, 85
combat experience of, 38
Company B of, 493
Company F, 674
on D-Day morning, 459, 466, 473, 480
and struggle for the high ground, 518–19, 521, 524, 530, 541
and training of allied forces, 146
at Vierville, 481–98
50th Infantry Division, British, 72, 121, 144, 173, 539, 550, 598–612, 631, 667
58th Armored Field Artillery, U.S., 123
First Army, Canadian, 80
First Army Group (FUSAG), U.S., 79–80, 107, 427, 500, 501, 503, 566n
1st Canadian Parachute Battalion, 660
1st Engineer Special Brigade (ESB), U.S., 141, 147
1st Hussar Division, Canadian, 626, 631
1st Infantry Division, U.S.
and allied planning and preparations, 72, 121, 128
and allied troops at Vierville, 494n
at Colleville, 605
combat experience of, 38
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red Sector, 501–2, 514
and decision to go, 195
and loading for D-Day, 173–74, 182, 185
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 165–66, 168
and navy at Omaha Beach, 440, 444
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 365, 382
as part of V Corps, 500
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 467
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 393
and struggle for the high ground, 521, 527, 534, 535, 538
and training of allied forces, 138, 144
and wounded on Omaha Beach, 483
Fitch (U.S. ship), 294
Fitzgerald, John, 220, 222, 224, 242, 255, 257, 355, 359
501st Parachute Infantry Regiment (PIR), U.S., 207, 209, 220, 222, 225, 226–27, 243, 257, 258, 338, 344–45, 346, 347
502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment (PIR), U.S., 210, 220, 222, 242, 255, 334, 335–36, 355
505th Parachute Infantry Regiment (PIR), U.S.
allied airborne night attacks and, 258–59
and allied airborne troops in Cotentin, 347, 355, 355n
and cracking of Atlantic Wall, 215–16, 217–18, 221, 222, 226, 228, 243, 244
and decision to go, 211
and Glebe House debriefing, 246
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 161
506th Parachute Infantry Regiment (PIR), U.S.
and allied aerial bombardment, 261
and allied airborne troops in Cotentin, 334, 335, 343–44, 346
“Axis Sally” comments about, 46
combat experience of, 38
and cracking of Atlantic Wall, 209, 220, 221, 224, 225, 228, 229, 236, 245–46
and end of D-Day, 678
intelligence gathering and, 101
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 157, 161, 169
and training of allied forces, 144–45
at Utah Beach, 17
507th Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S., 160, 199, 221, 234, 348, 351, 352
508th Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S.
and allied airborne troops in Cotentin, 333–34, 347, 348, 352
and cracking of Atlantic Wall, 5–6, 217, 218, 221, 222, 227, 233–34, 235, 242, 246–47
and decision to go, 208, 209, 210–11
and loading for D-Day, 7
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 161–62, 168
and training of allied forces, 143–44, 145
flamethrowers, 112–13, 141, 185, 194, 195, 233, 271, 276, 289–90, 300, 338, 367, 373–74, 376, 377, 382, 382n, 388, 398, 400, 408, 415, 438, 492, 588, 624–25, 640
Fleet Air Arm plane, and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 605
food
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 550, 557
and airborne troops in Cotentin, 346, 347
and allied troops at Vierville, 491
and British airborne on D-Day, 662
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 514
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 601
and loading for D-Day, 182
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 160
and naval crossing and bombardment, 285, 287
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 372
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 480
and struggle for the high ground, 541
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 418
Foot, Michael R.D., 187–88, 236
45th Infantry Division, U.S., 582n
47th Royal Marine commandos, 608–9
Fourteenth Army, U.S., 80
4th Infantry Division, U.S.
and allied aerial night attacks, 255
and allied airborne troops in Cotentin, 335, 338, 339, 344, 354, 357, 360, 361
and allied planning and preparations, 72, 89, 119, 121, 130
Company A of, 324
Company K of, 325
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 503, 509
and decision to go, 192, 198–99
87th Mortar Battalion of, 321
and end of D-Day, 667
and loading for D-Day, 173, 175, 176
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 162, 165
and naval crossing and bombardment, 283
successes of, 330
at Utah Beach, 305–31, 665, 667
410th Bomb Group, 271
416th Bomb Group, 270
466th Bomb Group, 268
474th Antiaircraft Battalion, 176, 605
Fox Green (Omaha Beach), 367, 378–79, 382, 393, 396, 400, 405, 406, 408, 501, 507
Fox Red (Omaha Beach), 367, 378–79, 393, 400, 408, 443, 483, 507, 517, 545, 549, 592
France
and allied planning and preparations for Operation Overlord, 95
German behavior in, 670
and German-French marriages, 154
German strength in, 172
Hitler’s visits to, 24
See also de Gaulle, Charles; French Resistance; specific location
Francks, Colonel, 187
francs, SHAEF-printed, 193
Frank, Anne, 582–83
Frankford (U.S. destroyer), 439, 442–44
Frans, Benjamin, 198
Freed, Richard, 171
Freiwilligen (volunteers), 17
French Committee of National Liberation, 95
French Resistance
and allied planning and preparations, 46, 89, 90, 98–101
and announcements about D-Day landing, 564, 580, 581
and confusion of German forces, 236
and D-Day as surprise for Germans, 552
and destruction of French rail system, 96
and German activities on eve of D-Day, 203
and German behavior in France, 670
and lack of leadership among German forces, 342
picture of, 102–3
as prisoners, 272
role in D-Day of, 47
sabotage by, 103–6
as source of intelligence, 69, 98–101, 171, 237
Frerking, Lieutenant, 364, 371, 521
Friedman, J.C., 415
Fruling, Robert, 476
Fussell, Paul, 38–39
FW-190 planes, German, 425, 427, 443
Galdonik, Clair, 174, 182, 185, 199
Gale, Edwin, 194
Gallup (British patrol boat), 216
gambling, 161, 182, 184, 211, 575, 617
Gardner, William, 390–91
Gargas, Michael, 462
Gariepy, Sergeant, 623, 626, 628
Garrett, Richard, 464
gas attacks/gas masks, 7, 139, 147, 149, 160, 170, 207, 415, 428, 429, 432, 494, 495, 557, 628
Gauthier, Sam, 306
Gavigan, Owen, 314
Gavin, James, 348, 351–52, 353
Gearing, Lieutenant, 373
Geldon, Walter, 463
“General Wade” charges, 251–53
Genget, Mademoiselle, 597, 611
Gentry, William, 292, 439–41, 450, 453
George VI (king of England), 130, 193, 566, 577–78
Georgian Battalion, German, 113
Gerald, Henry, 195
Gerhardt, Charles, 138, 141, 517, 533
Geritzlehner, Wolfgang, 237, 339
German forces
absence of leadership among, 341–43
command structure for, 63, 64–65, 117, 119, 238, 552, 668
communications among, 236–37, 254, 308, 473, 522, 667
D-Day as surprise for, 16, 25, 28, 73, 552, 665, 668
defense during D-Day landing by, 2
defensive plans and preparations of, 16–18, 21–22, 24, 109, 110–11, 111–14, 116–21
divorce among, 154
on eve of D-Day, 188–90, 206–7
first significant counterattack of D-Day by, 260
initial reactions to D-Day of, 227–29, 232, 235–37, 238, 244
lack of leadership among, 552
mistakes by, 341–43, 522, 539–40, 605, 634, 667, 668, 670
morale among, 189
surrender of, 189, 271, 314, 317, 335, 338, 353, 442, 497, 604, 628
See also specific force or unit
Germany, Nazi
and allied air supremacy, 90, 262, 275, 276, 439
Allied fooling of, 77, 79–80, 81, 82–84
conquests of, 11
declaration of war against U.S. by, 12
and marshaling of allied forces in England, 170–72
political mistakes of, 670
reactions to allied plans for Operation Overlord by, 83–84
Russian alliance with, 12
shortages in, 14–16
war production in, 262
See also German forces; specific person or topic
Gerow, Leonard, 444, 500, 501, 506, 508, 517, 538, 549, 550
Gibbons, Joseph, 421
Gibbons, Sam, 207, 225, 257, 344–45
Gillars, Midge. See “Axis Sally”
Gillingham, Private, 377, 377n, 380
Glasgow (British cruiser), 477
Glebe Mount House, briefings/debriefings of commanders at, 243–44, 245–47
Glider Pilot Regiment, 145
and airborne night attacks, 249–50, 255, 258
and airborne troops in Cotentin, 355, 356, 358, 359, 360
and allied aerial bombardment, 273, 274, 275
and British airborne on D-Day, 655, 657, 658, 659, 661–62, 663
and British at Sword Beach, 650
D-Day landing and, 1, 2–3, 216, 238, 240, 241, 242–43
D-Day operations and, 248
and decision to go, 191
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 328, 331
and German defenses, 114
Hamlicar, 662
Horsa, 1, 187, 216, 658, 658, 662–63
and loading for D-Day, 185, 187–88
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 163, 167
and pay for glider troops, 356
and training for D-Day, 145–46, 242n
Glover, L.C., 297
Gockel, Franz, 172, 303–4, 434, 538–39
Godwin, Lieutenant, 400
Goebbels, Joseph, 154, 189, 260, 553, 555
Goering, Hermann, 15, 22, 553, 668
Golas, “Duke,” 463–64
Gold Beach
and allied planning and preparations, 70, 72, 121
allied power at, 652
and British gadgets, 592–93
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 500
50th Division at, 597, 598–612
and loading for D-Day, 178, 182
and naval crossing and bombardment, 283, 284, 285, 287
obstacles on, 595–96
and struggle for the high ground, 539
and training of allied troops, 142
Gondrée, Thérèse, 101
Good, Paul “Pop,” 128
Goranson, Ralph, 462–65
Gottberg, Major, 651
grave-registration crews, 148
Gray, Billy, 4
Gray, James, 312
Graydon, Gordon, 574
Great Britain
and British gadgets, 585–93
D-Day announcement in, 576–79
marshaling and briefing of allied forces in, 155–72
race issues in, 153
See also specific person or topic
Green Howards, British, 601
Green, William, 575
Grigg, John, 578
ground crews, 276–77
Guesdon, Ernest, 100
Gullickson, Grant, 294
Gutekunst, Martin, 314
Gutowsky, Chester, 505
Haas, Hyman, 504–5
Haig, Douglas, 40
haircuts, 169
Hamlett, Warner, 377, 380, 489
Hangsterfer, Hank, 506
Hanks, Clayton, 395
Hansen, Chester, 501
Hardelay, Michel, 529
Harding (U.S. destroyer), 291–92, 439–41, 450, 453, 504, 528–29, 534–35, 544
Harris, and allied aerial bombardment, 262
Harris, Charles, 267
Harris, Claude, 51–52
Harrison, Gordon, 22, 98, 117–18
Harwood, Johnathan, 477
Havener, J.K., 265, 266, 268–69
Hawkes, Bill, 380
Head, Charlie, 661
Healey, Robert, 557–58
hedgerows
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 546, 556
and allied airborne troops in Cotentin, 334, 343, 344–45, 351, 353, 356, 360
and allied troops at Vierville, 486, 498
and Canadians at Juno Beach, 624
comparison of British and French, 240, 519
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 509, 510, 514
disappearance of, 519n
and end of D-Day, 667, 668, 674, 676
Eureka system and, 244
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 605
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 315
as German defenses, 28, 113, 240, 243
Glebe House debriefing about, 245, 246
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 478
size of, 240
and struggle for the high ground, 519, 520, 522–23, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 532, 533, 534, 540
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 432
and training of allied troops, 134
Heintz, André, 100–101, 608, 609, 611
Helena, Montana: D-Day news in, 559–60, 563, 576
Hemingway, Ernest, 548–49
Hendrix, Bill, 505
Hendry, Cyril James, 167–68, 589, 625
Henry, Private, 617, 618, 626, 630
Henry V (Shakespeare), 182, 634
Hersh, Martin V., 355
Heydte, Frederick von der, 118, 206–7, 236–37, 259–60, 271, 339, 341–42, 344, 345–46, 672
Hickey, Jim, 376
Hicks, George, 580
Higgins, Andrew Jackson, 31–35, 32, 34–35, 35n, 47, 560–61, 574
Higgins boats
and allied aerial bombardment, 276
and allied planning and preparations, 112
black Coast Guard on, 427
and decision to go, 197
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 305, 306, 308, 319, 321
and loading for D-Day, 176, 178, 182
LSTs as transporters of, 35
and naval crossing and bombardment, 285, 287, 290, 295, 297, 300–301, 303
and navy at Omaha Beach, 440, 450, 456
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 366, 368, 369, 372, 373, 375, 376, 389
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 467
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 393, 394, 395, 407
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 420, 422–23, 424, 430, 430n
and training of allied forces, 140, 141, 153
Higgins, Gerald, 339
Higgins Industries, 34, 35, 560–61
Hilfswilligen (auxiliaries), 17
Hill, Jacob, 478
Hill, O.B., 352–53
Hillberg, Ernest, 440
Hilscher, Lieutenant, 377
Hilton-Jones, Major, 647
and allied plans and preparations for Operation Overlord, 83, 84, 85, 87
Atlantic Wall and, 120
confidence of victory by, 10
and D-Day as surprise to Germans, 552–53
defensive moves of, 11–22
on eve of D-Day, 207
and German command structure, 63, 117, 119, 238, 552, 655
and German defenses on Western Front, 116–17, 118
and German reactions to allied buildup in England, 172
London attacks as concern of, 553, 555
mistakes by, 12, 14–15, 555, 556, 668
mistrust of generals by, 552, 555
as motivation for U.S. workers, 34
personality and character of, 11, 24, 120, 524, 668
plots against, 65
Rommel and, 55, 94, 120, 188, 198
and Rommel-Guderian disagreement, 116–17
Stalin and, 12
strategy and tactics of, 12–14, 16–18, 524
and timing of Operation Overlord, 82
V-1 rockets and, 553, 555, 670
views about allied forces of, 10, 12
See also specific topic
Hitler Youth, 21, 150–51, 316, 604
“Hobart’s Funnies” (British tanks), 43, 44, 47, 586–87, 588, 589, 600, 606, 624–25, 637
Hoffman, Lieutenant Commander, 294
Holdy, German battery at, 341, 342, 344, 361
home front
D-Day on, 559–84
in World War I, 560
Honan, Josh, 616–20, 672, 672n
Hooper, John, 533
Hoover, J. Edgar, 151
House of Commons, British, 574, 578–79
Hoving, Walter, 569
Howard, John, 4, 40, 101, 145, 160, 199, 216, 238, 249, 251, 291, 579, 593, 595, 640, 650, 655, 657, 657n, 659, 662, 670, 672, 674
Huebner, Clarence, 148, 467, 479, 501, 502, 538
Hummle, Ray, 352–53
Hutch, Lieutenant, 510
inflatable vehicles, 76
intelligence
and allied planning and preparations, 45–46, 68–70, 72, 82–83, 84, 96, 99, 100–101
and changing plans, 595
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 508
and decision to go, 191
and end of D-Day, 668
and German defenses on Western Front, 189–90
and German reactions of allied buildup in England, 171–72
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 167
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 364–65
Raaen’s comments about, 518
training and, 101
See also Double Cross System; Enigma system; French Resistance; pigeons; Ultra system
Ireland, Alfred, 356
Irving, Bill, 251–54
Isaacs, Jack, 347
Italy
Allied offensive in, 26, 39, 41–42, 51, 53, 141, 192, 203, 314, 560
British-U.S. relations and, 41
home front news about, 560
Nazi operations in, 28
See also Anzio; Rome, Italy; Salerno; Sicily
Jackson, Charles “Chuck,” 324, 330
Jahnke, Arthur, 120–21, 227–28, 269, 271, 308, 326
James, Harrie W., 164
James, Herbert, 347
Japan, 17, 28–29, 39, 157n, 574
Jarreau, Charles, 169, 174, 175, 372, 456
Jews, 150–51, 174, 202, 495, 583, 645–47
Jeziorski, Edward, 160, 161, 199
Jodl, Alfred, 55, 98, 117, 154, 207, 330, 342, 540, 552
Johnakin, Seaman, 444–45
Johnson, Clarence “Kelly,” 275
Johnson, Howard “Jumpy,” 209, 226, 258, 344, 346, 361
Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), U.S., 84
Joint Intelligence Committee, British, 82–83
Joint Intelligence Sub-Committee, 171
Jones, James Elmo, 215–16, 240
Jones, Ralph, 576
JU-88 plane, German, 276
Juno Beach
and allied planning and preparations, 70, 72, 121
British gadgets on, 585, 590, 592–93
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 598
German defenses at, 113
and loading for D-Day, 178
and naval crossing and bombardment, 290
obstacles on, 595–96
Omaha Beach compared with, 624
and training of allied forces, 140, 142
Kampfgruppe Meyer, 390, 539, 605–6
Kasserine Pass, Battle of, 52–53, 66, 133, 413
Keating, Jack, 490–91
Keegan, John, 171, 221, 616, 632
Kelly, Edward, 416
Kelly, Lieutenant, 488–89
Kemp, John, 254
Kenser, Thomas, 383
Kerchner, George, 203, 469, 471, 473, 475
Kieffer, Philip, 639
killing
feelings/concerns about, 209, 246, 246n, 505, 604
and Montgomery’s comments about British troops, 39–40
Kimmel, Husband, 572
Kindersley, Hugh, 657
King, C.K., 634
King, Ernest, 573
King, W.M., 506
King’s Own Scottish Borderers, British, 634
King’s Shropshire Light Infantry, British, 634
Kirk, Alan G., 499
Knight, James, 443–44
Kobe, George, 390
Koenig, Pierre-Joseph, 95
Koischwitz, Max Otto, 45
Korean War, 427
Koreans: as Wehrmacht troops, 17
Kortenhaus, Werner, 659
Kraiss, Dietrich, 189, 390, 539–40, 605
Krancke, Theodor, 83, 190, 285, 292
Kratzer, Weldon, 139
Krause, Edward, 244, 258–59, 355, 356, 359
Kriegsmarine (German Navy), 16, 63, 99, 171, 284–85, 292, 293, 668, 670
Krone, Sergeant, 364
Kuhn, Jack, 478–79
Kursk: German offensive at, 12, 17
La Barquette, 255, 258, 344, 346, 361
La Guardia, Fiorello, 570
La Madeleine, 113, 120, 227, 269, 271, 306
La Ravière, 598–99, 602–3, 605–6, 653
La Roche-Guyon, 62, 129, 206, 342, 343, 552
Lacy, Joe, 492
Laird, Sergeant, 373
landing craft
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 544, 548
and allied aerial bombardment, 267, 275
and allied planning and preparations, 67, 72, 77, 78, 85, 109, 111
and British gadgets, 592
and British at Sword Beach, 639, 653
and Canadians at Juno Beach, 618, 619, 621–22, 631
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 500, 501, 504
and decision to go, 199, 200–201
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 604, 608
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 306, 317, 319, 321, 325, 326
German defenses and, 109–10
German estimates of strength of allied, 80
and loading for D-Day, 176, 178, 179–81
and mobility of AEF, 171
and naval crossing and bombardment, 285, 287, 292, 295, 298–99, 304
and navy at Omaha Beach, 438, 439, 446, 447, 448, 451, 457
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 364, 366, 367, 369, 375–76, 383
production of, 47
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 479–80
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 403, 405–6, 411–12
stopping of landings at Omaha Beach, 482
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 413, 421
training for, 140
See also type of craft
Lane, George, 128–30
Lane, Mrs. H.M., 573
Lang, Daniel, 582
Langdon, Allen, 246
Langrune-sur-Mer, 615, 637, 638
Larson, Devon, 421
Law, Robert, 351
LCAs (landing craft assault)
and allied troops at Vierville, 492
and British at Sword Beach, 634, 638, 639, 642
and Canadians at Juno Beach, 618–19, 620, 622, 624
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 598, 603, 604
LCVPs compared with, 467
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 369, 371, 372, 373
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 462, 467–68, 469, 470, 471, 475, 490
LCCs (landing craft control), 281, 289, 295, 306
LCHs (landing craft, headquarters), 181
LCIs (landing craft, infantry)
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 544, 545, 547, 548, 549, 557
and allied aerial bombardment, 276
and allied planning and preparations, 124
and allied troops at Vierville, 492
barrage balloons on, 427
and British at Sword Beach, 634, 639, 640, 643, 646, 651, 653
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 501, 502, 504, 514
design of, 29
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 610–11
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 321
and loading for D-Day, 174, 175, 176, 179–81, 183, 185
and naval crossing and bombardment, 281, 282–83, 283, 290, 295
and navy at Omaha Beach, 435, 440, 444, 449, 456
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 365, 372, 388
and struggle for the high ground, 528–29
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 421, 425, 429–30, 431, 433
and training of allied forces, 138
LCMs (landing craft, medium)
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 544
and British gadgets, 592
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 514
design of, 29
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 601, 603, 604
and loading for D-Day, 178, 185
and naval crossing and bombardment, 281, 283, 287
and navy at Omaha Beach, 457
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 411
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 431
and training of allied forces, 138, 142
LCTRs (landing craft, tank with rocket launcher), 123, 142, 157, 200, 300–301, 302, 305, 365, 462, 591, 618
LCTs (landing craft, tank)
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 542–44, 545, 548
and allied planning and preparations, 123–24, 130
and allied troops at Vierville, 487
and British gadgets, 588, 589, 591, 592
and British at Sword Beach, 634, 637, 643–44
and Canadians at Juno Beach, 618, 621–22, 625
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 501, 504–5, 514–15
and decision to go, 194, 195, 198, 199
design and production of, 34
and 50th Division at Gold Beach, 598, 600–601
and 4th Division at Utah Beach, 305, 306, 314
importance of, 35
and loading for D-Day, 176, 178, 181, 184, 185, 186
and naval crossing and bombardment, 280–81, 283, 289, 295, 299, 301–3
and navy at Omaha Beach, 436, 437, 438, 439, 442, 448
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 467
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 411
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 415–18, 419, 423–24, 425, 428, 430
training for, 142–43
as workhorses of allies, 29
LCVPs (landing craft, vehicle and personnel)
and afternoon observations about Omaha Beach, 546, 548, 549
and allied planning and preparations, 84, 124
and containing catastrophe in Easy Red sector, 501, 504, 514
design and production of, 29, 32, 32–33, 34–35
importance of, 32
LCAs compared with, 467
and loading for D-Day, 185
and naval crossing and bombardment, 283, 285, 288, 289, 295
and navy at Omaha Beach, 445
and 116th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 369, 385, 386–87, 389
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 467
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 396–97
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 419, 425
and training of allied forces, 138, 142
Le Hamel, 598, 604–5, 611, 653
Le Havre, 67, 72, 84, 99, 119, 188, 236, 285, 292, 563, 613, 633–34
Lee, J.C.H., 152
Lees, Howard, 310
Leigh-Mallory, Trafford
and allied aerial bombardment, 262, 263
and allied airborne night attacks, 249
and allied airborne troops in Cotentin, 361
and allied planning and preparations, 93, 94
and British-U.S. relations, 93, 94
casualty concerns of, 242–43
and decision to go, 191–92, 197, 203, 204, 205
Eisenhower’s relationship with, 64
picture of, 71
and target date, 361
and training of allied forces, 142
Wallwork comments of, 249
Les-Dunes-de-Varreville, 305, 310
Les Forges, 325
Les Moulins, 297, 363, 376, 482, 488, 521, 532
LeSueur, Larry, 580
Leveque, Charles, 416
Lewis, John Robert, 283
life insurance policies, 216
Life magazine, 182, 453, 455, 456
Lincolnshire Regiment, British, 634
Lindo, R.J., 419
Lindquist, Roy E., 7
Lindsay, William, 466
Lion-sur-Mer, 592, 633, 633n, 637–38
Lipton, Carwood, 38, 169, 224, 343
Lisko, Louis, 476n
Littke, Al, 431–32
London, England
and announcements about D-Day landing, 576–77, 580
Eisenhower headquarters in, 61–63
Eisenhower’s (John) visit to, 571n
Hitler’s V-1 attacks on, 553, 555
The Longest Day (book, movie), 228, 391, 425, 657
Longues-sur-Mer, 113, 121, 299, 596, 608–9, 611
Lovat, Shimi, Lord, 146, 634, 635, 643, 644, 646, 647–48, 659, 660–61
Lovelace, Roger, 262, 263, 265, 268
Low, Rex, 674
LSTs (landing ship, tank)
and allied aerial bombardment, 267, 276
and allied planning and preparations, 67, 84, 112, 124, 125
and announcements about D-Day landing, 564, 572
barrage balloons on, 427
and British at Sword Beach, 639
and Canadians at Juno Beach, 617, 618, 621
Churchill’s comment about, 31
German attacks on, 84
and loading for D-Day, 176, 178, 182
and marshaling and briefing of allied forces, 155
Mulberries and, 45n
and naval crossing and bombardment, 281, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 290
and navy at Omaha Beach, 437, 449, 450
Operation Tiger and, 171
and prisoners of war on Utah Beach, 669
production of, 561
and 2nd Ranger Battalion on D-Day, 479–80
shortages of, 31
and 16th Regiment at Omaha Beach, 411
and traffic jam on Omaha Beach, 414, 425, 429
and training of allied forces, 138, 143, 148, 153
as transporters of Higgins boats, 35
as workhorses of allies, 29
Luck, Hans von, 52, 54, 117, 153, 207, 238, 654, 655n, 659
Luftwaffe, German
and allied aerial bombardment, 14, 253, 261, 272, 273
and allied air supremacy, 90, 262, 275, 276, 439
and allied planning and preparations, 46, 67
bombings in England by, 170–71
and D-Day as surprise to Germans, 553
Eisenhower’s views about, 15–16
and German command structure, 63
and German reactions to allied buildup in England, 170–71
and German war production, 262
ineffectiveness of, 672, 672n, 673
and loading for D-Day, 178
and ME-262 jet fighters, 15
mistakes by, 668
in Norway, 79
LXVII Corps, German, 172
LXXXIV Corps, German, 190
Lynn, Bill, 438