Notes

PART I

Chapter 1: An Introduction

1.See S. Radhakrishnan, ‘Introduction’, The Principal Upanisads (Noida: HarperCollins India, 2004).

2.Sri Aurobindo, The Upanishads: Texts, Translations and Commentaries (Detroit: Lotus Press, 1998), pp. 6–8.

3.‘Third Anniversary Discourse to the Asiatic Society of Bengal’, delivered 2 February 1786, pp. 24–26.

4.See Gregory Possehl, The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective (New Delhi: Vistaar Publications, 2003).

5.Friedrich Max Muller, The Gifford Lectures on Physical Religion (Charleston: Nabu Press, 2010), p. 91.

6.M. Winternitz, The History of Indian Literature, Volume 1 (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2015), p. 293.

7.Roshen Dalal, The Vedas (New Delhi: Penguin, 2014), pp. 292–300.

8.J.J. Clarke, Oriental Enlightenment (London: Routledge, 1997), p. 68.

9.Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2010), pp. 599–600.

10.Ibid, pp. 563–66.

11.Ibid, p. 566.

12.Sri Aurobindo, The Upanishads: Texts, Translations and Commentaries, second edition (Pondicherry: Sri Aurobindo Ashram, 1981), p. 1.

13.Signe Cohen, Text and Authority in the Older Upanisads (Leiden: Brill, 2008).

14.Patrick Olivelle, The Early Upanishads (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998), p. 7.

15.Ibid, p. 8.

16.Swami Madhavananda, The Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (Kolkata: Advaita Ashram, 1997), p. 500.

17.Michael Witzel, ‘Female Rishis and Philosophers in the Veda?’ Journal of South Asia Women Studies 11.1 (2009).

18.S. Dasgupta, History of Indian Philosophy, Volume 1 (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1975), p. 423.

19.S. Dasgupta, History of Indian Philosophy, Volume 2 (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1975), p. 251.

Chapter 2: The Philosophical Context

1.C. Sharma, The Advaita Tradition in Indian Philosophy (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2007), p. 124.

2.S. Dasgupta, History of Indian Philosophy, Volume 2, p. 667.

3.Ibid, p. 247.

4.N.V.Isayeva, Shankara and Indian Philosophy (New York: State University of New York Press, 1997), p. 14.

5.S. Dasgupta, History of Indian Philosophy, Volume 1.

6.For more on Shaiva Siddhanta, see S. Dasgupta, A History of Indian Philosophy, Volume 5.

Chapter 3: The Main Topics

1.S. Dasgupta, A History of Indian Philosophy, Volume 1, p. 36.

2.Sri Aurobindo, The Life Divine (Pondicherry: Sri Aurobindo Ashram, 1993).

3.John Woodroffe, The Serpent Power: Secrets of Tantric and Shaktic Yoga (New York: Dover Publications, 1941), pp. 346–47.

Chapter 4: The Teachers

1.Patrick Olivelle, The Early Upanishads (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), p. 1.

2.S. Dasgupta, History of Indian Philosophy, Volume 1, pp. 33–34.

3.F.E. Pargiter, Ancient Indian Historical Tradition (New Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2016), p. 141.

PART II

The Texts

1.Sri Aurobindo, The Upanishads: Texts, Translations and Commentaries (Detroit, Lotus Press, 1998), pp. 6–8.

2.Swami Veda Bharati, Subtler than the Subtle: The Upanishad of the White Horse (Minnesota: Yes International Publishers, 2002).

3.Sri Aurobindo, The Upanishads: Texts, Translations and Commentaries, p. 29.

Chapter 5: The Earliest Upanishads

1.Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2010), p. 392.

2.S. Radhakrishnan, The Principal Upanishads, p. 765.

3.A. Weber, History of Indian Literature (Montana: Kessinger Publishing, 1988), p. 87.

Chapter 6: Early Upanishads: 2

1.Richard King, Early Advaita and Buddhism: The Mahayana Context of the Gaudapadiya Karika (New York: State University of New York Press, 1995), p. 52.

2.Sri Aurobindo, The Upanishads: Texts, Translations and Commentaries, pp. 28–97.

3.Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2010), p. 303.

4.S. Radhakrishnan, The Principal Upanishads, p. 793.

5.Signe Cohen, ed., ‘Chapter 34’ in The Upanishads: A Complete Guide (London and New York: Routledge, 2018).

Chapter 7: The Samanya Vedanta Upanishads

1.William K. Mahony, The Artful Universe: An Introduction to the Vedic Religious Imagination (New York: State University of New York Press, 1998), p. 271.

2.Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, p. 577.

Chapter 8: The Deity Upanishads

1.See Paul B. Courtright, ‘Appendix’ in Ganesha, Lord of Obstacles, Lord of Beginnings (New York: Oxford University Press, 1985).

2.Translation based on Sanskrit text and that of celextel.org.

3.Stella Kramrisch, The Presence of Siva (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1981), pp. 187–88.

4.Ibid, pp. 185–88.

5.Arthur Avalon, ed., Tantrik Texts, Volume XI: Kaula and other Upanishads, with Commentary by Bhaskaraya, ed., Sitarama Shastri (Calcutta: Agamanusandhana Samiti, 1922), p. 13.

6.Douglas Renfrew Brooks, Secret of the Three Cities (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990), p. 16.

7.Ibid, p. 35.

8.Ibid, p. 36.

9.Ibid, p. 39.

10.Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, p. 815.

11.Ibid, p. 810.

Chapter 11: The Brahma Sutra

1.S. Radhakrishnan, Brahma Sutra, The Philosophy of Spiritual Life (Montana: Literary Licensing Publishing, 2011), p.22.

2.Andrew Nicholson, Unifying Hinduism (New Delhi: Orient BlackSwan, 2016), p. 26.

3.George C. Adams, The Structure and Meaning of Badarayana’s Sutras (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1993), pp. 8–9.

Conclusion

1.Swami Vivekananda, Collected Works, Volume 1 (Chicago: 1893), pp. 389–90.

2.M.K. Gandhi, Collected Works, Volume 64, pp. 258–9, www.gandhiashramsevagram.org/gandhi.

3.Jawaharlal Nehru, Discovery of India (Calcutta: Signet Press, 1946). He also refers to them in his speeches.

4.See Ashwani Peetush in ‘Human Rights and Political Toleration in India: Multiplicity, Self and Interconnectedness’, in Ashwani Peetush and Jay Drydayk, eds., Human Rights, India and the West (New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2015), p. 368.

5.Juan Mascaro, trans., The Bhagavad Gita (New Delhi: Penguin Books India, 1962).