INDEX

‘Abd al-Karim al-Chirkawi (Shamil’s secretary) 65

‘Abd al-Khaliq al-Ghujduwani 178

‘Abd al-Qadir (Algerian leader) 198–9

‘Abd al-Rahman al-Jabarti, Aja’ib al-Athar fi al-Tarajim wa al-Akhbar 209

Abd al-Rahman al-Qarakhi 35

Abdullah al-Ashilti 18

Abraham (prophet) 225

Abu Ja’far al-Tabari, Tarikh al-Rusul wa al-Muluk, 208

Abu Muslim 20, 58

Abumuslim-Shakhvalikhan 192

Adam (prophet) 225

adat (customary law) 11, 34, 39

Adrianople (Edirne) 174

Agakhal 34

Agha Muhammad Khan (Shah of Iran) 174

Aghach Qala (Chumeskent) 17, 19

Aghdash Awukh (Aktash Aukh) 18

Ahmad Khan al-Sahali (Akhmet-khan) 17, 31–5, 46, 177

Ahmad Sirhindi al-Faruqi, Shaykh 178

Akalich 34

Akhbirdil Muhammad al-Khunzakhi 37, 45, 47

Akhdi 53–5, 65, 200, 207

Akhulgoh 29, 36, 38, 42–8, 183, 204–6

al-‘Abbas 69

Alazan (river valley) 164, 184, 207

Alexander I (Aleksandr I; Russian Tsar, 1801–25) 173

Alexander II (Aleksandr II; Russian Tsar, 1855–81) 65, 197–8, 202

Alexandria, Egypt 69

Ali Mamad 55

Alibek al-Khunzakhi 47

Alibek ibn Khiriyasulaw 36

Aligul Husayn 32

Alial-Gulzawi 31–2

Ali Sultan 17

Allah(God) 180, 227, 237

Almakhal 48

al-Quduqi 63

al-Thughuri 33

Alupka 228

Amir Khan 204

Amirasol Muhammad al-Kudali 64

Anapa 67

Anatolia 180, 197–8

Andal 15, 33–4, 49, 62

Andreas, F.C. 226

Ansal 15, 23–33, 73, 204, 206

Araks River 174

Argun 19, 81

Argutinskii 52–6, 152–3

Armenia 174–6

Arslan-Khan 218

Artlukh 48

Ashilta 21, 28, 35, 205

Aslan al-Tsadaqari 65

Aslan Khan 180, 218

Astrakhan 172

Atli Buyun 17

Austerlitz 214

Avar (tribe) 25, 33, 39, 72, 177, 184–5, 190, 193, 218–9, 227, 238;

(village) 34

Avaria 176, 235

Avdeev 76, 233–4

Azerbaijan 174

Azizay 50

Bab (Sayyid Ali-Muhammad) 224–5

Babis, Babism 224–6

Baha al-Din Naqshband 178

Baha’is, Baha’ism 225–6

Baha’ism 226

Baha’ullah, Book of Certitude 226

Bala li-Muhammad al-Birguni 47

Balagin 23

Balkh 12, 47, 71

Baqiyya 69

Baqulal 15–16, 31, 34, 36, 49, 62

Barabanov, A.M. viii, 8, 210

Bariatinskii Aleksandr Ivanovich, Prince 186, 197–8, 201–2, 212–16, 223

Barti Khan (Shamil’s paternal uncle) 27–8, 32, 37–44, 47

Basaw ‘Illaw 32

Bashkirs 172

Batir al-Militi 58

Bayan (village) 19, 49

Bayt al-Haram (Mecca) 65

Beliaev, Aleksandr Petrovich 223

Bennigsen, Alexandre 177

Bers, Stepan Andreevich 217

Berzhe (Berguet), Adol’f Petrovich 210, 227, 237

Bestvzhev-Marlinskii, A.A. 211

Biladi 49

Biri 33

Biriukov, Pavel Ivanovich 232

Bizu’ 62–3

Black Sea 67, 172–4, 176, 197

Bloom, Harold 76

Bobrishchev-Pushkin, Pavel Sergeevich 223

Boguslavskii, Colonel 66

Borodino 214

Brahminism 226

Britain 196, 223

Bronevskii, Semen 175

Bruni, Leonardo, Historiarum Florentini populi ibn 208

Bucharest (treaty) 174

Buddha, Buddhists 221, 225–6

Bukhara 12, 47, 71, 178, 209

Bukhdah 58

Bulanzhe (Boulanger), Pavel Aleksandrovich 228

Bulgars 171

Buq Muhammad 62

Buraw 19, 72

Burnaia 177

Burtinah 57

Butay 60

Butler, Captain 217, 229, 236, 238

Butsun 33

Buynakh 58, 192

Canard, Marius 200

Caspian Sea l73, 177

Catherine II (Russian Tsarina, 1762–1796) 172–3

Caucasus vi, viii, x, 1–6, 8, 10–12, 38, 171, 198–202, 210, 221–4, 226–30, 232–3, 236–8;

nineteenth-century conflict between Russia and Shamil in 182–97;

Russian advance into 173–82;

Tolstoi and 211–20

Central Asia 47, 171, 209

chalandar 38–42

Chamaw al-Qaytaqi 21

Char 16–17, 59

Chartalah 16–17, 63

Chavchavadze 60

Chechens vi, 2, 19, 34, 48, 51, 57, 72, 74–5, 185–6, 212–18, 229, 233, 236

Chechnia ix, x, 18–22, 32, 49–50, 71–2, 177, 182, 186–9, 196–9, 210, 214–15, 218

Chernyshev, Minister of War Aleksandr Ivanovich 228, 233

Chertkov, V G. 3, 236

Chiriq 45

Chirkah (Chirkei) 14, 17–19, 50

Chirqata 32, 36–7, 39

Chita 223

Chokha 50, 55–6, 72, 200, 207

Christian, R.F. 76

Christianity 4, 197, 211;

and Tolstoi, 220–6

Christians 2, 51–2, 54, 69, 172, 176, 179, 185, 204, 224, 237

Chumal 18

Circassia 198

Circassians 18, 172, 176–7, 186–7, 196–8

Confucians 221

Confucius 225

Countess Lidiia 221

Crimea 173–4, 214

Crimean War x, 61, 196–7, 216

Daghestan ix, x, 4, 7, 8, 11–13, 21, 30, 37, 50, 61, 68, 71, 112, 174, 176–7, 180, 183–4, 187–9, 191, 194, 196–200, 210–11

Daniyal Sultan 53, 55, 62–3, 65, 202

Danubian Basin 171, 174

Darada 52

Darghiyya (Dargo) 57, 183, 190, 200, 203–5

Darvish Nur Muhammad al-Inkhawi 16, 205

Decembrists 223–4, 226

Derbend 18, 177

dhikr [“recollecting God”] 178, 180–1

Dibir al-‘Andi 62

Dibir Hajiyaw 32–3

Dibir ibn Inkachilaw al-Khunzakhi 64

diwan 189

Diya al-Din Khalid al-Shahrazuri al-Kurdamiri, Shaykh 179

Dostoevskii, F.M., 227;

and Crime and Punishment, 236

Dreyfus, Hippolyte 226

Dubrovin, Nikolai Fedorovich 210, 237

Durchali 52, 58

Durda 218

Eastern Caucasus 177, 197–8, 213–14

Eastern Slavs 171

Egypt 68, 208–9

Ermolov, Aleksandr Petrovich 174–5, 177, 180, 183

Erzurum 174–6

Fatima (Shamil’s wife) 29, 45, 51

Fet, Afanasii Afanas’evich 223

Filofei 171

Foote, Paul 2

France 196, 223

Galalal 57

Gammer, Moshe 177, 182–6, 191, 193

Georgia, 173–6, 196–7

Georgians 1, 59–60, 173, 184, 231

Ghalbaz al-Karati 64

Gharashkiti 49

ghaza/ghazwa (military campaign) 7–8, 19, 21, 23, 35, 45, 47, 56, 182, 190, 200, 238

Ghazanish 17

Ghazi Muhammad (first imam) x, 7, 9, 11–25, 71–2, 74, 190

Ghazi Muhammad (Shamil’s son) 29, 42–7, 56–65, 67–70

Ghaziyaw al-Andali 44, 64

Ghaziyaw al-‘Andi, 33–5, 39

Ghazna 204

Ghuluda 16

Ghumuq 110, 120, 148, 218

Ghunib 61–2, 64, 68, 201–2, 207

Ghursh al-Sughuri 64

Gibbon, Edward 208

Gimrah 9, 15–17, 19–29, 31–2, 37, 39, 45–6, 182–3, 200, 204–5

Girgil 50–1

Gorky, Maxim vi

Gospels 220, 225

Grabbe, Pavel 38

Griboedov, Aleksandr 175, 224

Grinevskaia, Isabella Arkad’evna 226

Groznyi (Groznaya) 59, 98, 177, 186

Gubash 205

Gulistan (treaty) 174

Gurdali 215

Guria 175

Gurzal Awul 51

Guwal 35, 62

Gvosdev, Nikolas K. 173

Habibullah 4, 8, 202–3, 211, 237

Hadith al-Mililti 16

Hadji Murat (novella), v, vi, ix, x, 2, 4–6, 8, 25, 46, 56, 58–9, 73–6, 175, 185, 190–6, 216–20, 226–38

Hadji Murat al-Khunzakhi v-vi, ix-x, 2, 4, 6, 8, 25, 46, 74–76, 185, 190–6, 216–20, 226–38;

confrontation with Shamil 58–9

Hajiyaw al-‘Uruti 20, 62–3, 205–6

Hajiyaw al-Qarakhi 63–4, 201

Hajiyaw ibn al-Tsitawi al-Huchuti 55

Hajiyaw ibn Ghaziyaw al-Karati 65

Hajiyaw ibn Hajj Dibir al-Qarakhi 63

hajj x, 67, 69, 72, 181, 208

Hajj Dibir 199

Hajj Ibrahim al-Chirkisi 64

Hajj Musa 55

Hajj Nasrullah al-Qabiri al-Kurali 64

Hajj Tashaw al-Indiri 32, 35

Hajj Yahya al-Chirkawi 53

Hajj Yusuf al-Yaksavi 202

halal 42

Hamza Bek (second imam) x, 7, 11–12, 15–17, 19, 25–7, 34, 71–2, 188, 190, 201, 218

Haqlal 35

Harakan 15

Hasan Husayn 20

Hasanalmuhammad al-Harikuli 24

Hashimi 14

Hazra 54–5

Herder, Johann Gottfried, Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit 208

Himmat al-Hutsaliyun 49

Hindal 16, 30

Hitin al-Danukhi 48

Husayn al-Girgili 58

Husayn ibn Ibrahim al-Gimrawi 26

Hutsal 33

Hutub 55

Ianzhul, M.A. 212

Iasnaia Poliana 219, 227

Ibn Khurdadhbih 171

Ibrahim al-Gimrawi 23, 58, 64

Ibrahim al-Husayn 39

‘Id 24, 72

Idris 51

Ifuta 51

Ihali 19, 32

Ilisu 59

Ilya 50

Imanqalaw al-Jirfati 48

Indiri 18–19, 32, 35, 72

Ingush 185

Inkhub 62

Insan al-‘Uyun 43, 205

Iran 12, 174, 177

Irghin River 36, 62, 205–6

‘Iri 55

‘Irib 53, 55, 62–3

Irpili 15, 18

‘Isa Hajiyaw al-Chirkawi 47

Isaev, Balta (Bulta) 216

Isbahi al-Chirkawi 62

‘Ish 30–2, 34, 205

Ishchali 63

Islam 2, 5–6, 9, 11–15, 37, 51, 54, 59, 61, 67–69, 71–4, 171, 176–9, 182, 184–5, 188, 191, 193, 195–6, 198–9, 202, 204, 207, 209, 220–1, 223–6, 238

Ismail Pasha 68–9, 74

Ismail, Shaykh 178

Istanbul (Islambol) 31, 73, 171, 176, 178;

Shamil’s stay in 66–70

Istoricheskii Vestnik, 227

Istoriia gosudarstva Rossiiskago, 208

Iusif see Yusuf

Ivan III (Russian Tsar, 1462–1505) 171

Jamal al-Chirkawi 21

Jamal al-Din (Shamil’s son) 18, 29;

returned to Shamil 57–61, 200–3;

sent as a hostage to the Russians 38–40

Jamal al-Din al-Ghazi-Ghumuqi (religious leader) 12, 14, 69, 71, 188, 190, 200–3;

led resistance to the Russians 178–81;

and al-Adab al-Murdhiyya fi al-Tariqa al-Naqshbandiyya 181

Jamaw Khan al-Khaydaqi 58

Jarbilil 33

Javad Khan 49

Jawad Khan al-Darghiyyi 47, 49

Jawhara 43–5, 204

Jesus 220, 225

Jews 221

jihad 11–12, 72

Judaism 5, 224, 226

Ka’ba 13

Kafr Ghumuq 17–8

Kahal mountain 64

Kakheti 196

Kalal 62

Kalmyk 216

Kaluga x, 198, 210–1

Kamal al-Ghuludi 64

Karabulaks 185

Karalal 49

Karamzin, N.M. 208–9

Karata 57, 62

Karataev, Platon 233

Karganov, Colonel Iosif Ivanovich 218–19

Kars 174, 223

kashf 20

Kawthar 13, 71

Kazan’ 172

Khaidak 192

Khalid, Adeeb 209

Khalid, Shaykh 178

Khalidiyya 180–1, 193

Khan Mukhul 22

Khas Muhammad, Shaykh 178

Khirik 33

Khiva 209

Khiz al-Chirqawi 47

Khudanatil Muhammad 49

Khunuk 199

Khunzakh 16, 21, 25–6, 31, 33–4, 51, 59, 72, 184, 190–2, 195, 205, 218

Kievan Rus’ 171

Klugenau, Frants Klüge-von- 27–9, 33–4, 37, 190

Kokand 209

Korganov, Colonel Iosif Ivanovich 230

Korganova 230–1

Kostenetskii, Iakov Ivanovich 218

Krachkovskii, I. Iu. 8, 199

Krasnoe 106

kunak 217

Kurdistan 180

Kurinskoe 215

Kutisha 200, 206

Kuydurmas (Gudermes) 19

Layton, Susan, Russian Literature and Empire, 175, 211–12, 219, 234

Lazarev, General 210

Lebedeva, Ol’ga Sergeevna 225

Lermontov, M.Iu. viii, 211–12;

and “Pamiati A.I. O-go” [“To the Memory of A.I. O[doevskii]”], 224

Lesser Chechnia 182

Levin, Colonel L.F. 215, 221

Life of the Prophet, see Muhammad ibn Ishaq

Lorer, Nikolai I. 175

Loris-Melikov, M.T. 228

Ma’arukh 49

Mahdi (son of the shamkhal) 27, 28

Mahmud (sultan of Ghazna) 204

Mahmud II (Ottoman Sultan) 67

Makhachkala 176, 190, 199, 211

Makhket 78, 235–6

manakib 7

Mansur, Shaykh 176–7, 179

Manych, 186

Marx, Karl 197

Maude, Aylmer vi, 2, 75

Mazlagash 215

Mecca 7, 12, 29, 47, 65, 67, 69–73, 176, 179, 191, 198–9, 202, 206, 208, 210

Meccan Bestowal seeal-Quduqi

Medina x, 7–8, 12, 20, 47, 69–71, 73, 199

Mekhelta 15–16

Michik River 60, 215

Michit 80

Miliutin, D.A. 185

Milrik Murtaza ‘Ali al-Chirkawi al-Mugharrib 64

Mirdai al-Tiliqi 35

Mirza Ali 55

Miserbiev, Sado 216

Misigulaw al-‘Andi 54

Moscow 12, 66, 70, 171–2, 174–5, 178, 188–90, 197, 200, 208, 211–12, 221, 225, 228, 232, 238

Moses 38, 73–4

mudir 191

muezzin (Muslim prayer caller) 22, 48, 78, 235

mufti 55, 69, 189

Mughal India 178

Muhammad (prophet) 2, 7, 11–14, 20, 178, 204, 206–7, 224

Muhammad Amin, 196, 198

Muhammad Efendi al-Humi 55

Muhammad Efendi al-Yaraghi 14, 18–20, 25, 72

Muhammad ibn Abd al-Latif al-Ilisuwi, 55

Muhammad ibn Ishaq, Sira (Life of Muhammad) 7, 199, 204

Muhammad ibn Ma’ruf al-Nuqushi, 55

Muhammad Kamil (Shamil’s son) 69

Muhammad al-Mahdi (Muslim messiah) 47, 57, 74, 224

Muhammad Mirza Khan al-Ghumuqi 35

Muhammed Mirza Mavraev 211

Muhammad Naqshbandi, Shaykh 47

Muhammad Shafi 49

Muhammad Sultan 22

Muhammad Tahir al-Qarakhi v-ix, 1–9, 11, 21, 35, 56–8, 63–4, 66–7, 70, 74, 76, 188, 191–5, 237;

and The Shining of Daghestani Swords 198–211

Muhammad Tilaw 57

Muhammad al-‘Uradi al-Hidali 58

Muhras Shu’ayb 60

Mulla Ramazan al-Chari 35

Murav’ev, General Nikolai Nikolaevich 186–7

murid(follower/disciple) 27, 38, 49, 78–81, 118–19, 149, 156, 181–2, 190, 193, 235

“Murid War” 182

murshid (Sufi Muslim spiritual guide) 181–2, 191, 234

Murtaza Ali al-‘Uruti 56

Murtaza Ali al-Chirqawi 47

Murtaza Ali al-Dhuldi al-Qarakhi 21

Murtaza Ali al-Haradarikhiyan 49

Murtaza al-‘Urkachi al-Mugharrib 64

Murtaza Lasol Muhammad 33, 50

murtaziq 33, 73

Musa al-Balagini 44

Musa al-Balatkini 49

Muslims 4, 7, 11, 13, 33, 42, 61, 65, 171–2, 178–9, 181, 184–5, 190, 207, 221, 225, 237

Mustafa Khan al-Shirvani 50

naib 21, 33, 48, 51, 54–9, 62–4, 76, 189–90, 192–6, 200, 202

Nakashidze, Il’ia Petrovich 231

Nakhbakal 43

Nakhichevan 174

Napoleon 174

Naqshbandi Sufi order (Naqshbandiyya) 7, 8, 12, 14, 47, 71–2, 177–9, 181–2, 189, 191, 201, 206–7

Nasrullah 64

Nazranovs 185

Nelidova 234

New Darghiyyah see Vedeno

Nichik 53, 55

Nicholas I (Russian Tsar, 1825–1855) 4, 61, 184, 197, 228, 231, 235–6

Nicolai (Nikolai), General Leontii Pavlovich 37, 175, 185, 201–2, 210, 223, 238

Nogai 186–7

North Caucasus 1, 173–4, 176–9, 181–2, 185, 196, 198–200, 217–18, 232, 236, 238

Nukha 230

Nukhuh 59

Nur Ali 49

Nur Muhammad al-Qarakhi 58

Obolenskaia, Mariia Lvov’na 232

Obruchev, Lieutenant-General Nikolai Nikolaevich 223

Orota 32–3

Odoevskii, Aleksandr Ivanovich, “Nash otvet” [“Our Response”] 223–4

Optina Pustyn’ 227

Orbeliani, Princess 228

Orthodox/Orthodoxy 4, 171–2, 182, 184–5, 197, 220–2, 225, 227, 238

Ottomans/Ottoman Empire 7–8, 66–9, 171–4, 176–8, 187, 196–8, 209, 225–6, 238

Padishah 66–8

Pakhu Bike 16, 72

Paskiewicz, Ivan F. 174–6, 224

Paul I (Russian Tsar, 1796–1801) 173

Peace of Paris 197

Peresvetov, Ivan Semenovich 172

Persia see Iran

Peter the Great (Russian Tsar, 1682–1725) 232, 234

pharaoh 69

Piri Awul 17

Pirogovo 227

Poltoratskii, V A. 215, 219, 227

Potemkin, Grigorii Aleksandrovich 173

Potto, Lieutenant-General Vasilii Aleksandrovich 231

Povest’ vremennykh let [Tale of Bygone Tears], 171

Prince Vladimir 171

Przewalski, Pavel Giliarovich 210, 237

Pullo 38–9, 47

Pushkin, A.S. 175–6, 208, 211, 224

Qachar 21

qadi (Muslim judge) 177, 189–90, 205

Qadi al-Ishichali 54, 58, 62

Qakhal 202

Qarakh 7, 63–4, 201

al-Qarakhi see Muhammad Tahir al-Qarakhi

Qaral 33

Qaralal 34

Qaralala 63

Qaranay 15

Qarata 200

Qaytaq 58, 74, 191–4

Qibid Muhammad 28, 51, 63

Qidhlar 18–19, 27, 47, 52, 184, 205

Qinsir 63

Qubah 54

al-Quduqi, Meccan Bestowal 63, 205

Quran 11–13, 30, 70–4, 172, 181, 188–90, 207–8, 221, 224–6

Qurban ‘Ali al-‘Ashilti 199

Qurbanli Muhammad al-Batsadi 62

Quruda 51

Qurush 63, 202, 205

Rajabil Muhammad al-Chirkawi 26

Raqahchi 59

Read, General N.A. 197

Redout-Kale 174

Renaissance 208

Resurrection 235

Rifaah al-Tahtawi, Manakib al-Albab al-Misriyyah fi Mabahij al-Adab al-‘Asriyyah 209

Rigil-Nukhu 26

Rihiq 34

Rilke, Rainer-Maria 226

Romanov, Grand Duke Nikolai Mikhailovich 228

Rome 171

Rousseau J.-J. 238

Rozen, Major-General 182

Rughchah 26, 58, 62

Runovskii, Capt. 65

Rus’ 171

Rusanov, Gavriil Andreevich 238

Russians 56–70, 76, 171–91, 193–231, 233–8

Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) 173

Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829) 223, 226

Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) 226

Sa’id (infant son of Shamil) 204

Sa’id al-Harakani 21, 23, 43, 205

Sa’id al-Ihali 19, 32

Sado 216, 217, 229

Salatawh 18

Salih 43, 49

Saltah 50, 52–3, 184, 205

Sbornik materiakv dlia opisaniia mestnostei i plemen Kavkaza [Colkcted Materials for the Description of Places and Tribes of the Caucasus] 227

Sbornik svedenii o kavkazskikh gortsakh [Collected Materials on the Caucasian Mountain Peoples] 227

Serbs 221

Sermon on the Mount 220, 235

Sevastopol’ x, 197

Shafi’i rite (Islamic legal school) 27

Shahgirinskii Gates 83, 93

Shahwal Khan 58

Shali 57, 59

Shamil, v–x, 1, 2, 4, 6–9, 11, 12, 183–6, 188, 190, 198–203, 210–11, 215, 217–18, 227–8, 230, 232–5, 237, 250–5;

became third imam 25;

death 69;

defended Islamic values and practices 24–5, 27, 29–31, 33, 35, 37;

depicted as a Muslim holy man 204–9;

houses not burned 29, 36;

last stand at Ghunib 64–65;

meeting with Russians 37–9;

mentioned in Tolstoi’s Hadji Murat 78, 80, 82, 89, 91–2, 96–7, 107, 109–12, 115–24, 130, 135, 138, 141–5, 152–5, 158–9, 166;

political and military leadership 188–97;

relationship with Ghazi Muhammad 20;

relationship with Hadji Murat 59;

showed bravery and persistence 19, 22–3, 26, 28, 31, 35, 40, 42, 44;

trip to Mecca and Medina 67–9;

trip to St. Petersburg 65–7

shamkhal 14, 17, 20, 27–8, 58, 71

Shamkhal Birdi 50

Shan Kiray 58–9

Sharakh 35

sharia (Islamic holy law) 11–15, 23–5, 27, 30, 33, 35, 46, 58, 68, 70–1, 73–4, 177–81, 188–9, 191,
197, 205, 207, 224, 235

Sharif of Mecca 208

Shawana the Christian 69

Sha’ban al-Buhnudi, Shaykh 17

Shaykhis 224

Shi’a 224

The Shining of Daghestani Swords v-vi, 1–8, 12–13, 48, 56, 67, 74, 76, 188, 199, 201–5, 208–11, 237–8;

see also Muhammad Tahir al-Qarakhi

Shir Muhammad Munis, Firdaws al-Iqbal 209

Shirakhal, 54

Shirazi, Sayyid Ali-Muhammed, Bayan 224–5

Shirvan 178

Shuayb al-Tsamuturi 49

Shubut 49, 204

Shul’gin, Sergei Nikolaevich 232

Siberia 99, 223–4

Silikul Muhammad al-Tanusi, 47

Sira see Muhammad Ibn Ishaq

Skazanie o Magmete-saltane [Legend of Sultan Mahmet] 172

Solov’ev, V S. 227

Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr vi, x

St. Petersburg 8, 12, 65–6, 76, 171, 184, 197, 202, 210, 215, 218, 223, 227, 231–3, 237

Staryi Yurt, 212, 216

Stasov, Vladimir Vasil’evich 227, 229, 231

Stavropol 186

Strakhov, N.N. 223

Sufis x, 2, 7–8, 12, 14, 57, 71–2, 177–9, 181–2, 185, 193, 197, 199, 204, 237

Sufism 177–82, 204

Sughur 55

Sukhumi 174

Sulayman Efendi 185

Sultan Bek al-Dilimi 45, 74

Sultan Mahmud 74, 204

Sultanaw al-Rughchawi 26

Sunja 59

sunna 36, 73

Sunni Muslim 73, 172

Surkhai al-Kuluwi 33, 47

Syria 180

Tabarsaran (Tabassaran) 18, 58, 74, 177, 191–4

Tah Nosalal, 33

Tahiral-Ansali 26 41, 43

Tandub 62–3

Tarad-Inkhal 205

Targhu 17, 23, 72, 192

tariqat (Sufi order) 14

Tash-Kichu 148, 218

Tatar 76–8, 96, 113, 116, 124, 139, 148–9, 165, 172, 215–16, 227, 236

Tatary 172

Tattakh 49

Tbilisi Military-Historical Archive 231

Tbilisi (Tiflis) 17, 174–6, 198–9, 210, 212, 214, 217, 231, 227–8, 237

Temir-Khan-Shura 28, 108, 120, 202

Terek Cossacks 185, 216

The Hardened Hearts of Daghestan 211

“Third Rome” 171

Tiflis see Tbilisi

Tikhonov 89, 93

Tiklal 35

Tiliq 35–6, 51, 63

Time of Troubles, 208

Tolstaia, Aleksandra Andreevna 231

Tolstaia, Mariia Nikolaevna 227

Tolstaia, Sofiia Andreevna 221–2

Tolstoi, Lev, v–x, 2, 4, 6, 8, 46, 56, 75–6;

and Anna Karenina, 221, 227;

and Baha’i faith 225–6;

and Hadji Murat 211–24, 227–38;

and Ispoved’ [Corifession] 220–2;

and “Notes on the Caucasus. A Journey to Mamakai-Yurt”, 212;

and “Nabeg” [“The Raid”] 213;

and “Rubka lesa” [“Clearing Foresf”] 215;

and War and Peace 2, 220, 227, 233

Tolstoi, Nikolai 212, 217

Tolstoi, Sergei 216–7, 222, 227, 231

Transcaucasia 197

Troyat, Henri 211

Tsadaqar 53

Tsuntiya 60

Tsurib 63

Tumal 62

Turach al-Karati 56

Turkey 7, 216, 221, 223, 180, 187;

see also Ottomans/Ottoman Empire

Turkmanchai (treaty) 174

Tush al-Karati 65

Uhlib 53

‘Uhud 206

ulama 178, 190, 202

Ulub 26

Umar al-Akalichi 34

Unofficial Committee 173

Ur 44

Uritirk 17

‘Urkach 33

‘Uthmanu 21

Uysunghur 60

Vavilo, 88, 89

Vedan (Vedeno, New Darghiyya) 49, 80, 141, 143–4, 153, 155, 233–4

Veliaminov, General 184

Verderevskii, E.A. 228

Vico, Giambattista, Principi di scienza nuova 208

vilayat (province) 192

Vladikavkaz 72, 177

Vladimir, Prince 171

Vnezapnaia 72, 177

Voltaire 238;

and Essai sur les moeurs 208

Vorontsov, M.S., 50–3, 183–6, 205–6, 217, 228–9, 233

Vorontsov, S.M. (son of M.S.Vorontsov) 228;

establishment of a kunak relationship with Hadji Murat 217

Vronskii 221

Western Caucasus 187

Yerevan 174

Yunus 37–43, 45, 48–9, 60

Yusuf (Hadji Murat’s son) 234–5

Zahida 69

Zakhar’in-Iakunin, I.N. 210

zakon (Russian law) 53, 56, 74

Zandiqi 48, 74

Zelkina, Anna 181

Zisserman, Arnold L’vovich 227

Zoroaster 225

Zunuh 34