NIV Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible

Exodus 1

1 1:5 Masoretic Text (see also Gen. 46:27); Dead Sea Scrolls and Septuagint (see also Acts 7:14 and note at Gen. 46:27) seventy-five

e ver 9; S Ge 12:2; Dt 7:13; Eze 16:7

f Jer 43:11; 46:2

g S ver 7

h S Ge 26:16

i Ge 15:13; Ex 3:7; 18:11; Ps 64:2; 71:10; 83:3; Isa 53:3

j Ps 105:24–25; Ac 7:17–19

k Ex 3:7; 5:10, 13, 14

l S Ge 15:13; Ex 2:11; 5:4; 6:6–7; Jos 9:27; 1Ki 9:21; 1Ch 22:2; Isa 60:10

m S Ge 47:11

n 1Ki 9:19; 2Ch 8:4

o ver 14; Ge 15:13–14; Ex 5:21; 16:3; Lev 25:43, 46, 53; Dt 4:20; 26:6; 1Ki 8:51; Ps 129:1; Isa 30:6; 48:10; Jer 11:4

p Dt 26:6; Ezr 9:9; Isa 14:3

q S Ge 11:3

r Ex 2:23; 3:9; Nu 20:15; 1Sa 10:18; 2Ki 13:4; Ps 66:11; 81:6; Ac 7:19

s S Ge 35:17

t ver 22

u ver 21; Pr 16:6

v 1Sa 22:17; Da 3:16–18; Ac 4:18–20; 5:29

w Lev 19:11; Jos 2:4–6; 1Sa 19:14; 2Sa 17:20

x Pr 11:18; 22:8; Ecc 8:12; Isa 3:10; Heb 6:10

y S ver 17

z 1Sa 2:35; 2Sa 7:11, 27–29; 1Ki 11:38; 14:10

a S Ge 41:1

b ver 16; Ac 7:19

Exodus 2

a S Ge 29:34

b ver 2; Ex 6:20; Nu 26:59

c S Ge 39:6

d Heb 11:23

e Isa 18:2

f Ge 6:14

g S Ge 41:2; S Job 8:11; Ac 7:21

h Ex 15:20

1 2:3 The Hebrew can also mean ark, as in Gen. 6:14.

i Ex 7:15; 8:20

j 1Sa 1:20

k 2Sa 22:17

l Ac 7:23; Heb 11:24–26

2 2:10 Moses sounds like the Hebrew for draw out.

m S Ex 1:11

n Ac 7:26

o S Ge 13:8; Ac 7:27*

p Ex 4:19

q S Ge 31:21

r Heb 11:27

s Ex 3:1; 18:1

t S Ge 24:11

u S Ge 30:38

v 1Sa 30:8; Ps 31:2

w S Ge 29:10

x Ex 3:1; 4:18; 18:1, 5, 12; Nu 10:29

y Ge 18:2–5

z Ex 4:25; 18:2; Nu 12:1

a Jdg 18:30

b S Ge 23:4; Heb 11:13

c Ac 7:30

3 2:22 Gershom sounds like the Hebrew for a foreigner there.

d Ex 4:19

e S Ex 1:14

f ver 24; Ex 3:7, 9; 6:5; Nu 20:15–16; Dt 26:7; Jdg 2:18; 1Sa 12:8; Ps 5:2; 18:6; 39:12; 81:7; 102:1; Jas 5:4

g S Ge 8:1

h S Ge 9:15; 15:15; 17:4; 22:16–18; 26:3; 28:13–15; Ex 32:13; 2Ki 13:23; Ps 105:10, 42; Jer 14:21

i Ex 3:7; 4:31; Lk 1:25

Exodus 3

a S Ex 2:18; Jdg 1:16

b S Ex 2:16

c ver 12; Ex 17:6; 19:1–11, 5; 33:6; Dt 1:2, 6; 4:10; 5:2; 29:1; 1Ki 19:8; Mal 4:4

d Ex 4:27; 18:5; 24:13; Dt 4:11, 15

e S Ge 16:7; S Ex 12:23; S Ac 5:19

f Ex 19:18; 1Ki 19:12

g ver 4; Ex 2:2–6; Dt 33:16; Mk 12:26; Lk 20:37; Ac 7:30

h Ex 19:3; Lev 1:1

i Ex 4:5

j Ge 31:11; 1Sa 3:4; Isa 6:8

k Jer 30:21

l S Ge 28:17; Ac 7:33*

m S Ge 24:12; S Ex 4:5; Mt 22:32*; Mk 12:26*; Lk 20:37*; Ac 3:13; 7:32*

n 1Ki 19:13

o Ex 24:11; 33:20; Jdg 13:22; Job 13:11; 23:16; 30:15; Isa 6:5

p 1Sa 9:16

1 3:6 Masoretic Text; Samaritan Pentateuch (see Acts 7:32) fathers

q ver 16; S Ge 16:11; 1Sa 1:11; Ne 9:9; Ps 106:44

r S Ex 2:25; Ac 7:34*

s S Ex 1:10

t S Ge 11:5; Ac 7:34*

u S Ge 12:7; S 15:14

v ver 17; Ex 13:5; 33:3; Lev 20:24; Nu 13:27; Dt 1:25; 6:3; 8:7–9; 11:9; 26:9; 27:3; Jos 5:6; Jer 11:5; 32:22; Eze 20:6

w Jos 11:3; Jdg 3:3; 2Sa 24:7

x S Ge 15:18–21; Ezr 9:1

y S Ex 1:14; S Nu 10:9

z Ex 4:12; Jos 24:5; 1Sa 12:8; Ps 105:26; Ac 7:34*

a Ex 6:13, 26; 12:41, 51; 20:2; Dt 4:20; 1Sa 12:6; 1Ki 8:16; Mic 6:4

b Ex 4:10; 6:12, 30; Jdg 6:15; 1Sa 9:21; 15:17; 18:18; 2Sa 7:18; 2Ch 2:6; Isa 6:5; Jer 1:6

c S Ge 26:3; S Ex 14:22; Ro 8:31

d Nu 26:10; Jos 2:12; Jdg 6:17; Ps 86:17; Isa 7:14; 8:18; 20:3; Jer 44:29

e S ver 1; Ac 7:7

f S Ge 32:29

2 3:12 The Hebrew is plural.

g Ex 6:2–3; Jn 8:58; Heb 13:8; Rev 1:8; 4:8

h Ge 31:42; Da 2:23

3 3:14 Or I WILL BE WHAT I WILL BE

i S Ge 24:12

j Ex 6:3, 7; 15:3; 23:21; 34:5–7; Lev 24:11; Dt 28:58; Ps 30:4; 83:18; 96:2; 97:12; 135:13; 145:21; Isa 42:8; Jer 16:21; 33:2; Hos 12:5

k Ps 45:17; 72:17; 102:12

l Ex 4:29; 17:5; Lev 4:15; Nu 11:16; 16:25; Dt 5:23; 19:12; Jdg 8:14; Ru 4:2; Pr 31:23; Eze 8:11

4 3:15 The Hebrew for LORD sounds like and may be related to the Hebrew for I AM in verse 14.

m S Ge 24:12

n Ex 4:31; 2Ki 19:16; 2Ch 6:20; Ps 33:18; 66:7

o S Ge 15:16; 46:4; Ex 6:6

p S ver 8

q Ex 4:1, 8, 31; 6:12, 30

r S Ge 14:13

s Nu 23:4, 16

t S Ge 30:36

u Ex 4:23; 5:1, 3; 6:11; 7:16; 8:20, 27; 9:13; 10:9, 26

v Ex 4:21; 6:6; 7:3; 10:1; 11:9; Dt 4:34; 2Ch 6:32

w Ex 6:1, 6; 7:4–5; 9:15; 13:3, 9, 14, 16; 15:6, 12; Dt 4:34, 37; 5:15; 7:8; 26:8; 2Ki 17:36; 2Ch 6:32; Ps 118:15–16; 136:12; Isa 41:10; 63:12; Jer 21:5; 51:25; Da 9:15

x Ex 4:21; 7:3; 11:9, 10; 15:11; 34:10; Nu 14:11; Dt 3:24; 4:34; 6:22; Ne 9:10; Ps 71:19; 72:18; 77:14; 78:43; 86:10; 105:27; 106:22; 135:9; 136:4; Jer 32:20; Mic 7:15; Ac 7:36

y Ex 11:1; 12:31–33

z S Ge 39:21

a Ex 11:2; 2Ch 30:9; Ne 1:11; Ps 105:37; 106:46; Jer 42:12

b Job 27:16–17

c Ex 11:2; 12:35; Ezr 1:4, 6; 7:16; Ps 105:37

d S Ge 15:14; Eze 39:10

e Eze 29:10

Exodus 4

a S Ex 3:18

b ver 17, 20; Ge 38:18; Ex 7:19; 8:5, 16; 14:16, 21; 17:5–6, 9; Nu 17:2; 20:8; Jos 8:18; Jdg 6:21; 1Sa 14:27; 2Ki 4:29

c Ex 7:8–12, 15

d ver 31; S Ex 3:6; 14:31; 19:9

e Lev 13:2, 11; Nu 12:10; Dt 24:9; 2Ki 5:1, 27; 2Ch 26:21

f 2Ki 5:14; Mt 8:3; Lk 17:12–14

1 4:6 The Hebrew word for leprous was used for various diseases affecting the skin.

g S Ex 3:18

h ver 30; Jdg 6:17; 1Ki 13:3; Isa 7:14; Jer 44:29

i Ex 7:17–21

j S Ex 3:11

k Lk 1:20, 64

l Ps 94:9; 146:8; Mt 11:5; Jn 10:21

m S Ex 3:10

n ver 15–16; Nu 23:5; Dt 18:15, 18; Isa 50:4; 51:16; Jer 1:9; Mt 10:19–20; Mk 13:11; S Lk 12:12

o Jnh 1:1–3

p Nu 11:1, 10, 33; 12:9; 16:15; 22:22; 24:10; 32:13; Dt 7:25; Jos 7:1; Job 17:8

q ver 27; 1Sa 10:2–5

r ver 30; Nu 23:5, 12, 16; Dt 18:18; Jos 1:8; Isa 51:16; 59:21; Jer 1:9; 31:33

s Ex 7:1–2; Jer 15:19; 36:6

t Nu 33:1; Ps 77:20; 105:26; Mic 6:4

u S ver 2

v ver 20; Ex 17:9

w Ex 7:9–21; 8:5, 16; 9:22; 10:12–15, 21–23; 14:15–18, 26; Nu 14:11; Dt 4:34; Ps 74:9; 78:43; 105:27

x Ex 2:15

y Ex 2:23; Mt 2:20

z Ex 2:22; 18:3; Ac 7:29

a S ver 2

b S Ex 3:19, 20

c Ex 7:3, 13; 8:15; 9:12, 35; 10:1, 20, 27; 11:10; 14:4, 8; Dt 2:30; Jos 11:20; 1Sa 6:6; Ps 105:25; Isa 6:10; 63:17; Jn 12:40; Ro 9:18

d Ex 8:32; 9:17

e S Ge 10:15; Dt 32:6; Isa 9:6; 63:16; 64:8; Jer 3:19; 31:9; Hos 11:1; Mal 2:10; Ro 9:4; 2Co 6:18

f Ex 5:1; 7:16

g S Ex 3:18

h Ge 49:3; Ex 11:5; 12:12, 29; Nu 8:17; 33:4; Ps 78:51; 105:36; 135:8; 136:10

i Nu 22:22

j S Ex 2:21

2 4:24 Hebrew him

k Ge 17:14; Jos 5:2, 3

3 4:25 The meaning of the Hebrew for this clause is uncertain.

l S Ex 3:1

m S Ge 27:27; S 29:13

n S Ex 3:16

o S ver 8

p S Ex 3:18

q S Ex 2:25

r S Ge 16:11

s S Ge 24:26

Exodus 5

a S Ex 4:23

b S Ex 3:18

c Jdg 2:10; Job 21:15; Mal 3:14

d Ex 3:19

e S Ge 30:36

f Lev 26:25; Nu 14:12; Dt 28:21; 2Sa 24:13

g S Ex 1:11; 6:6–7

h S Ge 12:2

i S Ge 15:13

j S Ge 11:3

k ver 14, 18

l ver 17

m Ex 10:11

n ver 13; Ex 1:11

o ver 19

p ver 16; Isa 10:24

q ver 8

r S Ge 15:13

s S Ge 16:5

t S Ge 34:30

u Ex 16:3; Nu 14:3; 20:3

v S Ex 1:13; S 14:11

w Nu 11:11; Dt 1:12; Jos 7:7

x Jer 4:10; 20:7; Eze 14:9

Exodus 6

a S Ex 3:20; S Dt 5:15

b S Ex 3:20

c Ex 11:1; 12:31, 33, 39

d ver 6, 7, 8, 29; Ex 3:14, 15; 7:5, 17; 8:22; 10:2; 12:12; 14:4, 18; 16:12; Lev 11:44; 18:21; 20:7; Isa 25:3; 41:20; 43:11; 49:23; 60:16; Eze 13:9; 25:17; 36:38; 37:6, 13; Joel 2:27

e S Ge 17:1

f S Ex 3:15; 2Sa 7:26; Ps 48:10; 61:5; 68:4; 83:18; 99:3; Isa 52:6

g Ex 3:14; Jn 8:58

h S Ge 6:18; S 15:18

1 6:3 Hebrew El-Shaddai

2 6:3 See note at 3:15.

i S Ge 12:7; Ac 7:5; Ro 4:13; Gal 3:16; Heb 11:8–10

j S Ge 17:8

k S Ex 2:23; Ac 7:34

l S Ge 9:15

m ver 7; Ex 3:8; 12:17, 51; 16:1, 6; 18:1; 19:1; 20:2; 29:46; Lev 22:33; 26:13; Dt 6:12; Ps 81:10; 136:11; Jer 2:6; Hos 13:4; Am 2:10; Mic 6:4

n Ex 15:13; Dt 7:8; 9:26; 1Ch 17:21; Job 19:25; Ps 19:14; 34:22; 74:2; 77:15; 107:2; Isa 29:22; 35:9; 43:1; 44:23; 48:20; Jer 15:21; 31:11; 50:34

o S Ex 3:19, 20; S Jer 32:21; Ac 13:17

p Ex 3:20; Ps 9:16; 105:27

q S Ge 17:7; S Ex 34:9; Eze 11:19–20; Ro 9:4

r S ver 2; 1Ki 20:13, 28; Isa 43:10; 48:7; Eze 39:6; Joel 3:17

s S Ge 12:7; Ex 3:8

t Jer 11:5; Eze 20:6

u S Ge 14:22; Rev 10:5–6

v Ps 136:21–22

w Lev 18:21

x S Ge 34:30; Ex 2:23

y ver 29

z S Ex 3:18

a S Ex 3:18

b Ex 4:10

c S Ex 3:10

3 6:12 Hebrew I am uncircumcised of lips; also in verse 30

d Ex 13:3; Nu 1:1; 26:4

e S Ge 29:32

f S Ge 29:33

4 6:14 The Hebrew for families here and in verse 25 refers to units larger than clans.

g S Ge 29:34

h S Ge 46:11

i Nu 3:17; Jos 21:7; 1Ch 6:1, 16

j Nu 3:18; 1Ch 6:17

k Nu 3:27; 1Ch 23:12

l Nu 3:19; 1Ch 6:2, 18

m Nu 3:20, 33; 1Ch 6:19; 23:21

n 1Ch 23:13

o Ex 2:1–2; Nu 26:59

p 1Ch 6:38

q Lev 10:4; Nu 3:30; 1Ch 15:8; 2Ch 29:13

r Ru 4:19, 20; 1Ch 2:10

s Nu 1:7; 2:3; Mt 1:4

t Ex 24:1; 28:1; Lev 10:1

u Lev 10:6; Nu 3:2, 32; 16:37, 39; Dt 10:6; Jos 14:1

v Ex 28:1; Lev 10:12, 16; Nu 3:2; 4:28; 26:60; 1Ch 6:3; 24:1

w ver 21; Nu 16:1; 1Ch 6:22, 37

x Nu 25:7, 11; 31:6; Jos 24:33; Ps 106:30

y S Ex 3:10

z Ex 7:4; 12:17, 41, 51

a Ex 5:1

b Nu 3:1; Ps 77:20

c S ver 2

d S Ex 3:11

Exodus 7

a S Ex 4:16

b Ex 4:15; Ac 14:12

c S Ex 4:21; Ro 9:18

d S Ex 3:20; S 10:1; Ac 7:36

e ver 13, 16, 22; Ex 8:15, 19; 9:12; 11:9

f S Ex 3:20; Ac 7:36

g S Ex 6:26

h S Ex 6:2

i Ex 3:20; Ps 138:7; Eze 6:14; 25:13

j ver 2, 10, 20; Ge 6:22

k Dt 31:2; 34:7; Ac 7:23, 30

l Dt 6:22; 2Ki 19:29; Ps 78:43; 86:17; 105:27; 135:9; Isa 7:11; 37:30; 38:7–8; 55:13; S Jn 2:11

m Ex 4:2–5

n Ex 22:18; Dt 18:10; 1Sa 6:2; 2Ki 21:6; Isa 2:6; 47:12; Jer 27:9; Mal 3:5

o S Ge 41:8; 2Ti 3:8

p ver 22; Ex 8:7, 18; S Mt 24:24

q S Ex 4:21

r S ver 4

s ver 22; Ex 8:15, 32; 9:7; 10:1, 20, 27

t Ex 8:20

u S Ge 41:1

v S Ex 3:18

w S ver 4

x S Ex 6:2; 14:25

y ver 19–21; Ex 4:9; Rev 11:6; 16:4

z Isa 19:6

a ver 21, 24; Ps 78:44

b S Ex 4:2

c Ex 14:21; 2Ki 5:11

d S ver 6

1 7:19 Or even on their idols

e Ex 17:5

f Ps 78:44; 105:29; 114:3; Hab 3:8

g S Ge 41:8

h S ver 11; S Mt 24:24

i ver 13, S 14; Ex 8:19; Ps 105:28

j S ver 18

Exodus 8

1 In Hebrew texts 8:1–4 is numbered 7:26–29, and 8:5–32 is numbered 8:1–28.

a Ex 3:12, 18; 4:23; 5:1; 9:1

b Ps 78:45; 105:30; Rev 16:13

c Ex 10:6

d Ex 12:34

e S Ex 4:2; 7:9–20; 9:23; 10:13, 21–22; 14:27

f S Ex 4:17

g Ps 78:45; 105:30

h S Ex 7:11; S Mt 24:24

i ver 28; Ex 9:28; 10:17; Nu 21:7; 1Sa 12:19; 1Ki 13:6; Jer 42:2; Ac 8:24

j ver 25; Ex 10:8, 24; 12:31

k Ex 9:5

l Ex 9:14; 15:11; Dt 3:24; 4:35; 33:26; 2Sa 7:22; 1Ki 8:23; 1Ch 17:20; 2Ch 6:14; Ps 71:19; 86:8; 89:6; 113:5; Isa 40:18; 42:8; 46:9; Jer 10:6; 49:19; Mic 7:18

m Jas 5:16–18

n Ecc 8:11

o S Ex 7:14

p S Ex 4:2

q Ps 105:31

r Ex 9:11; Da 5:8

s S Ex 7:11

t Ex 7:5; 10:7; 12:33; 31:18; 1Sa 6:9; Ne 9:6; Ps 8:3; 33:6; Lk 11:20

u S Ex 7:22

v S Ex 7:4

w Ex 7:15; 9:13

x S Ex 3:18

y S Ge 45:10

z Ex 9:4, 6, 26; 10:23; 11:7; 12:13; 19:5; Dt 4:20; 7:6; 14:2; 26:18; 1Ki 8:36; Job 36:11; Ps 33:12; 135:4; Mal 3:17

a Ex 7:5; 9:29

b Ex 9:4, 6; 10:23; 11:7; 12:13, 23, 27

c Ps 78:45; 105:31

2 8:23 Septuagint and Vulgate; Hebrew will put a deliverance

d ver 8; Ex 9:27; 10:16; 12:31

e S Ge 43:32

f S Ge 30:36

g S Ex 3:18

h S ver 8; S Jer 37:3; Ac 8:24

i ver 15; Ex 9:30; 10:11; Isa 26:10

j ver 12; Ex 9:33; 10:18

k S Ex 7:14

Exodus 9

a S Ex 8:1

b Ex 7:4; 1Sa 5:6; Job 13:21; Ps 32:4; 39:10; Ac 13:11

c Lev 26:25; Ps 78:50; Am 4:10

d ver 26; S Ex 8:23

e ver 19–21; Ex 11:5; 12:29

f Ps 78:48–50

g S Ex 7:22

h Ex 7:14; 8:32

i Lev 13:18, 19; Dt 28:27, 35; 2Ki 20:7; Job 2:7; Isa 38:21; Rev 16:2

j S Ex 8:18

k S Ex 4:21

l S Ex 7:4

m S Ex 3:18

n S Ex 8:10

o Ex 15:11; 1Sa 2:2; 2Sa 7:22; 1Ki 8:23; 1Ch 17:20; Ps 35:10; 71:19; 86:8; 89:6; Isa 46:9; Jer 10:6; Mic 7:18

p Ex 3:20

q Pr 16:4

r Ex 14:4, 17, 31; Ps 20:6; 25:11; 68:28; 71:18; 106:8; 109:21; Ro 9:17*

1 9:16 Or have spared you

s ver 23; Jos 10:11; Ps 78:47–48; 105:32; 148:8; Isa 30:30; Eze 38:22; Hag 2:17

t ver 24; Ex 10:6

u Pr 13:13

v S Ge 19:14; Eze 33:4–5

w Ex 20:18; 1Sa 7:10; 12:17; Ps 18:13; 29:3; 68:33; 77:17; 104:7

x S ver 18; Rev 8:7; 16:21

y S ver 18

z Ps 105:32–33; Eze 13:13

a S ver 4; Isa 32:18–20

b Ex 10:23; 11:7; 12:13; Am 4:7

c ver 34; Ex 10:16; Nu 14:40; Dt 1:41; Jos 7:11; Jdg 10:10; 1Sa 15:24; 24:17; 26:21

d Ps 11:7; 116:5; 119:137; 129:4; 145:17; Jer 12:1; La 1:18

e Ex 8:8; Ac 8:24

f S Ex 8:8

g ver 33; 1Ki 8:22, 38; Job 11:13; Ps 77:2; 88:9; 143:6; Isa 1:15

h Ex 19:5; Job 41:11; Ps 24:1; 50:12; 1Co 10:26

i S Ex 8:29

j Dt 8:8; Ru 1:22; 2:23; 2Sa 14:30; 17:28; Isa 28:25; Eze 4:9; Joel 1:11

k Isa 28:25

l S Ex 4:21

Exodus 10

a S Ex 4:21

b S Ex 3:19; S 7:3; Jos 24:17; Ne 9:10; Ps 74:9; 105:26–36

c Ex 12:26–27; 13:8, 14; Dt 4:9; 6:20; 32:7; Jos 4:6; Ps 44:1; 71:18; 78:4, 5; Joel 1:3

d 1Sa 6:6

e S Ex 6:2

f 1Ki 21:29; 2Ki 22:19; 2Ch 7:14; 12:7; 33:23; 34:27; Job 42:6; Isa 58:3; Da 5:22; Jas 4:10; 1Pe 5:6

g Ex 8:2; 9:2

h Dt 28:38; Ps 105:34; Pr 30:27; Joel 1:4; Rev 9:3

i Ex 9:32; Joel 1:4

j ver 15

k Joel 2:9

l S Ex 9:18

m Ex 23:33; 34:12; Dt 7:16; 12:30; 20:18; Jos 23:13; Jdg 2:3; 8:27; 16:5; 1Sa 18:21; Ps 106:36; Ecc 7:26

n S Ge 20:3; S Ex 8:19

o S Ex 8:8

p S Ex 3:18

1 10:10 Or Be careful, trouble is in store for you!

q Ex 7:19

r ver 21–22; Ex 4:17; 8:5, 17; 9:23; 14:15–16, 26–27; 17:5; Nu 20:8

s ver 4; 1Ki 8:37; Ps 78:46; 105:34; Am 4:9; Na 3:16

t Dt 28:38; Ps 78:46; Isa 33:4; Joel 1:4; 2:1–11, 25; Am 4:9

u Dt 28:38; Ps 105:34–35; Joel 1:4; Am 7:2; Mal 3:11

v S Ex 8:25

w S Ex 9:27

x 1Sa 15:25

y S Ex 8:8

z S Ex 8:30

a S Ex 4:21

2 10:19 Or the Sea of Reeds

b Dt 28:29

c Ps 105:28; Isa 13:10; 45:7; 50:3; Rev 16:10

d S Ex 8:22; Am 4:7

e S Ex 8:8

f ver 8–10

g S Ge 45:10

h S Ge 8:20; S Ex 18:12

i S Ex 4:21

j Ex 11:8; Heb 11:27

Exodus 11

a S Ex 3:20

b S Ex 6:1

c S Ex 3:21, 22

d S Ge 39:21

e Dt 34:11; 2Sa 7:9; 8:13; 22:44; 23:1; Est 9:4; Ps 89:27

f Ex 12:29; Job 34:20

g Ex 12:23; Ps 81:5

h S Ex 4:23

i Isa 47:2

j Ex 12:30; Pr 21:13; Am 5:17

k S Ex 8:22

l Ex 12:31–33

m Heb 11:27

n S Ex 7:4

o S Ex 3:20

p S Ex 4:21; Ro 2:5

Exodus 12

a ver 18; Ex 13:4; 23:15; 34:18; 40:2; Dt 16:1

b Mk 14:12; 1Co 5:7

c ver 21

1 12:3 The Hebrew word can mean lamb or kid; also in verse 4.

d Ex 29:1; Lev 1:3; 3:1; 4:3; 22:18–21; 23:12; Nu 6:14; 15:8; 28:3; Dt 15:21; 17:1; Heb 9:14; 1Pe 1:19

e ver 19; Lev 23:5; Nu 9:1–3, 5, 11; Jos 5:10; 2Ch 30:2

f Ex 16:12; Dt 16:4, 6

g ver 13, 23; Eze 9:6

h ver 10; Ex 16:19; 23:18; 34:25; Lev 7:15; Nu 9:12

i Dt 16:7; 2Ch 35:13

j Nu 9:11

k ver 19–20; Ex 13:3; Dt 16:3–4; 1Co 5:8

l Ex 29:13, 17, 22; Lev 3:3

m S ver 8; Ex 13:7; 29:34; Lev 22:30; Dt 16:4

n ver 33; Dt 16:3; Isa 48:20; 52:12

o ver 13, 21, 27, 43; Lev 23:5; Nu 9:2, 4; 28:16; Dt 16:1; Jos 5:10; 2Ki 23:21, 23; 2Ch 30:1; Ezr 6:19; Isa 31:5; Eze 45:21

p Am 5:17

q Isa 10:33; 31:8; 37:36

r ver 29; S Ex 4:23; 13:15

s Ex 15:11; 18:11; Nu 33:4; 2Ch 2:5; Ps 95:3; 97:9; 135:5; Isa 19:1; Jer 43:12; 44:8

t S Ex 6:2

u S ver 11, 23; Heb 11:28

v S Ex 8:23

w Ex 13:9; 23:14; 32:5

x ver 17, 24; Ex 13:5, 10; 27:21; Lev 3:17; 10:9; 16:29; 17:7; 23:14; 24:3; Nu 18:23

y Ex 13:6–7; 23:15; 34:18; Lev 23:6; Nu 28:17; Dt 16:3; 1Co 5:7

z S Ge 17:14

a Nu 29:35

b Ex 23:15; 34:18; Dt 16:16; 2Ch 8:13; 30:21; Ezr 6:22; Mt 26:17; Lk 22:1; Ac 12:3

c ver 41; S Ex 6:6, 26; 13:3; Lev 19:36

d Lev 3:17

e S ver 2

f Nu 9:14; 15:14; 35:15; Dt 1:16; Jos 8:33

g S Ge 17:14

h Lev 3:17; Nu 35:29; Eze 6:6

i Ex 13:6

j S ver 11; Mk 14:12–16

k Lev 14:4, 6; Nu 19:18; Ps 51:7

l Heb 11:28

m Isa 19:22

n S ver 7; Rev 7:3

o S ver 13

p S Ge 16:7; Isa 37:36; Jer 6:26; 48:8; 1Co 10:10; Heb 11:28

q S ver 14

r S Ge 15:14; Ex 3:17

s Ex 10:2

t S ver 11

u S Ex 8:23

v S Ge 24:26

w ver 50

x S Ex 11:4

y S Ge 19:13

z S Ex 4:23

a S Ex 9:6

b S Ex 11:6

c S Ex 8:8

d Ex 10:9, 26

e Ge 27:34

f S ver 11

g S Ex 6:1; 1Sa 6:6

h S Ge 20:3; S Ex 8:19

i Ex 8:3

j S Ex 3:22

k S Ge 24:53

l S Ge 39:21

m S Ex 3:22

n S Ge 47:11

o Ex 13:20; Nu 33:3–5

p Ge 12:2; Ex 38:26; Nu 1:46; 2:32; 11:13, 21; 26:51

q Nu 11:4; Jos 8:35

r Ex 3:20; 11:1

s Ge 15:13; Ac 7:6; Gal 3:17

t S Ex 6:26

2 12:40 Masoretic Text; Samaritan Pentateuch and Septuagint Egypt and Canaan

u S Ex 3:10

v Ex 13:10; Lev 3:17; Nu 9:3; Dt 16:1, 6

w S ver 11

x ver 48; Nu 9:14; 15:14; 2Ch 6:32–33; Isa 14:1; 56:3, 6; 60:10

y S Ge 17:12–13

z Lev 22:10

a Nu 9:12; Ps 22:14; 34:20; 51:8; Pr 17:22; Jn 19:36*

b ver 49; Lev 19:18, 34; 24:22; Nu 9:14; 10:32

c Eze 44:7

d Lev 24:22; Nu 15:15–16, 29; Dt 1:16

e ver 28

f S Ex 3:10; S 6:6

g S Ex 6:26

Exodus 13

a ver 12, 13, 15; Ex 22:29; 34:20; Lev 27:26; Nu 3:13; 8:17; 18:15; Dt 15:19; Ne 10:36; Lk 2:23*

b ver 14; Ex 7:4; Lev 26:13; Nu 1:1; 9:1; 22:5; 26:4; Dt 4:45; 5:6; Ps 81:10; 114:1

c S Ex 3:20

d S Ex 12:8

e S Ex 12:2

f ver 11

g S Ex 3:8

h S Ex 3:8

i Ex 12:25–26

j S Ex 12:15–20

k S Ex 10:2; Ps 78:5–6

l Isa 44:5

m ver 16; Dt 6:8; 11:18; Pr 3:3; Mt 23:5

n S Ex 3:20

o S Ex 12:14

p Ps 75:2; 102:13

q S ver 5

r S Ge 22:16; Dt 1:8

s S Ge 12:7; S 17:19; Ps 105:42–45

t S Ge 4:4; Lev 27:26; Nu 3:13; 18:15, 17; Lk 2:23*

u ver 15; Lev 27:11

v Ex 34:20; Isa 66:3

w Nu 3:46–47

x Nu 18:15

y S Ex 10:2

z Ex 20:2; Dt 7:8; 28:68

a S ver 2

b S ver 9

c Ex 14:11; Nu 14:1–4; Dt 17:16; Hos 11:5

d Ex 15:22; Ps 136:16; Eze 20:10

e Jos 1:14; 4:13

f Jos 24:32; Ac 7:16; Heb 11:22

1 13:18 Or the Sea of Reeds

g S Ge 47:29–30

h S Ex 12:37

2 13:19 See Gen. 50:25.

i Nu 33:6

j Ex 32:1; 33:14; Dt 2:7; 31:8; Jdg 4:14; 5:4; Ps 68:7; 77:20; Jer 2:2; Hab 3:13

k Ex 14:19, 24; 24:16; 33:9–10; 34:5; 40:38; Nu 9:16; 12:5; 14:14; Dt 1:33; Ne 9:12, 19; Ps 78:14; 99:7; 105:39; Isa 4:5; 1Co 10:1

l Ne 9:19

Exodus 14

a Nu 33:7; Jer 44:1; Eze 29:10

b ver 9

c S Ex 4:21

d ver 8, 17, 23; Ps 71:11

e S Ex 9:16; Ro 9:17, 22–23

f S Ex 6:2; Eze 32:15

g S Ge 31:21

j S Ex 11:10

m ver 6–7, 25; Jos 24:6; Isa 43:17

n Ex 15:9

o ver 2

p Ex 15:25; Jos 24:7; Ne 9:9; Ps 5:2; 34:17; 50:15; 107:6, 28

1 14:9 Or charioteers; also in verses 17, 18, 23, 26 and 28

q S Ex 5:21; 16:3; 17:3; Nu 11:1; 14:22; 20:4; 21:5; Dt 9:7

r S Ex 5:21; 15:24; 17:2; Ps 106:7–8

s S Ge 15:1

t 1Sa 12:16; 2Ch 20:17

u ver 30

v ver 25; Ex 15:3; Dt 1:30; 3:22; 20:4; Jos 10:14; 23:3, 10; 2Sa 5:24; 2Ch 20:29; Ne 4:20; Ps 24:8; 35:1; Isa 42:13; Jer 41:12

w 1Sa 12:16; Ps 37:7; 46:10; 116:7; Isa 28:12; 30:15; Zec 2:13

x Jos 7:10

y S Ex 4:2

z ver 27; Isa 10:26

a Ex 4:21

b S ver 4

c S Ex 6:2; Eze 32:15

d S Ge 16:7; Isa 63:9

e S Ex 13:21; 1Co 10:1

f Isa 26:7; 42:16; 49:10; 52:12; 58:8

g Jos 24:7

h S Ex 7:19

i S Ex 4:2; Job 26:12; Isa 14:27; 23:11; 51:15; Jer 31:35; Ac 7:36

j S Ge 41:6; Ex 15:8; 2Sa 22:16; 1Ki 19:11; Job 38:1; 40:6; Jer 23:19; Na 1:3

k S ver 22; S Ge 8:1

l 2Ki 2:8; Ps 74:13; 78:13; 114:5; 136:13; Isa 63:12

m ver 16; Nu 33:8; Jos 24:6; Isa 43:16; 63:11; 1Co 10:1

n ver 21, 29; S Ex 3:12; 15:19; Dt 31:6–8; Jos 3:16, 17; 4:22; Ne 9:11; Ps 66:6; 77:19; 106:9; Isa 11:15; 41:10; 43:5; 44:27; 50:2; 51:10; 63:13; Jer 46:28; Na 1:4; Heb 11:29

o Ex 15:8; Jos 3:13; Ps 78:13

p ver 7

q S Ex 13:21; 1Co 10:1

r Ex 23:27; Jos 10:10; 1Sa 5:9; 7:10; 14:15; 2Sa 5:24; 2Ki 7:6; 19:7

s S ver 14

t S ver 9; Dt 32:31; 1Sa 2:2; 4:8

2 14:25 See Samaritan Pentateuch, Septuagint and Syriac; Masoretic Text removed

u Jos 4:18

v ver 28; Ex 15:1, 21; Dt 1:40; 2:1; 11:4; Ps 78:53; 106:11; 136:15; Heb 11:29

w ver 23; Ex 15:19; Jos 24:7

3 14:27 Or from

x S ver 27; Ex 15:5; Jdg 4:16; Ne 9:11

y ver 21, S 22; Jos 24:11; 2Ki 2:8; Ps 74:15

z Ps 78:13

a ver 29; 1Sa 14:23; 1Ch 11:14; Ps 44:7; 106:8, 10, 21; Isa 43:3; 50:2; 51:9–10; 60:16; 63:8, 11

b S Ex 9:16; Ps 147:5

c Ex 20:18; Dt 31:13; Jos 4:24; 1Sa 12:18; Ps 76:7; 112:1

d S Ex 4:5; Ps 22:4; 40:3; 106:12; Jn 2:11; 11:45

Exodus 15

a Nu 21:17; Jdg 5:1; 2Sa 22:1; 1Ch 16:9; Job 36:24; Ps 59:16; 105:2; Rev 15:3

b Jdg 5:3; Ps 13:6; 21:13; 27:6; 61:8; 104:33; 106:12; Isa 12:5, 6; 42:10; 44:23

c Dt 11:4; Ps 76:6; Jer 51:21

d S Ex 14:27

e Ps 18:1; 59:17

f S Ge 45:7; Ex 14:13; Ps 18:2, 46; 25:5; 27:1; 62:2; 118:14; Isa 12:2; 33:2; Jnh 2:9; Hab 3:18

g S Ge 28:21

h Dt 10:21; 2Sa 22:47; Ps 22:3; 30:1; 34:3; 35:27; 99:5; 103:19; 107:32; 108:5; 109:1; 118:28; 145:11; 148:14; Isa 24:15; 25:1; Jer 17:14; Da 4:37

i S Ex 14:14; Rev 19:11

1 15:2 Or song

j S Ex 3:15

k Ex 14:6–7; Jer 51:21

l S Ex 14:28

2 15:4 Or the Sea of Reeds; also in verse 22

m ver 10; Ne 9:11

n Ps 16:11; 17:7; 21:8; 63:8; 74:11; 77:10; 89:13; 98:1; 118:15; 138:7

o S Ex 3:20; S Job 40:14

p Nu 24:8; 1Sa 2:10; Ps 2:9

q Dt 33:26; Ps 150:2

r Ps 2:5; 78:49–50; Jer 12:13; 25:38

s Ex 24:17; Dt 4:24; 9:3; Ps 18:8; 59:13; Heb 12:29

t S Ex 14:21; Ps 18:15

u Jos 3:13; Ps 78:13; Isa 43:16

v S Ex 14:22

w Ps 46:2

x Ex 14:5–9; Dt 28:45; Ps 7:5; La 1:3

y Jdg 5:30; Isa 9:3; 53:12; Lk 11:22

z Job 4:9; 15:30; Isa 11:4; 30:33; 40:7

a ver 5; Ne 9:11; Ps 29:3; 32:6; 77:19

b S Ex 8:10; Ps 77:13; S Isa 46:5

c Lev 19:2; 1Sa 2:2; 1Ch 16:29; Ps 99:3; 110:3; Isa 6:3; Rev 4:8

d S Ex 14:4; Ps 4:2; 8:1; 26:8; Isa 35:2; 40:5

e S Ex 3:20

f S Ex 7:5

g Nu 16:32; 26:10; Dt 11:6; Ps 106:17

h Ne 9:12; Ps 77:20

i S Ex 6:6; Job 33:28; Ps 71:23; 106:10; Isa 1:27; 41:14; 43:14; 44:22–24; 51:10; 63:9; Titus 2:14

j ver 17; Ps 68:16; 76:2; 78:54

k ver 16; Ex 23:27; Dt 2:25; Jos 2:9; 5:1; 9:24; 1Sa 4:7; Est 8:17; Ps 48:6; 96:9; 99:1; 114:7; Eze 38:20

n S Ge 36:15

q Jos 2:9, 24

r S ver 14; S Ge 35:5

3 15:15 Or rulers

s 1Sa 25:37

t Ps 74:2; 2Pe 2:1

u Dt 2:4

v Ex 23:20; 32:34; 33:12

4 15:16 Or created

w 2Sa 7:10; Ps 44:2; 80:8, 15; Isa 5:2; 60:21; Jer 2:21; 11:17; 24:6; Am 9:15

x Dt 33:19; Ps 2:6; 3:4; 15:1; 78:54, 68; 133:3; Da 9:16; Joel 2:1; Ob 1:16; Zep 3:11

y S ver 13; Ps 132:13–14

z Ps 78:69; 114:2

a S Ge 21:33; Ps 9:7; 29:10; 55:19; 66:7; 80:1; 102:12; 145:13; La 5:19

b S Ex 14:28

c S Ex 14:22

d ver 21; Ex 2:4; Nu 12:1; 20:1; 26:59; 1Ch 4:17; 6:3

5 15:19 Or charioteers

e Jdg 4:4; 2Ki 22:14; 2Ch 34:22; Ne 6:14; Isa 8:3; Eze 13:17

f S Ge 31:27; 1Sa 18:6; Ps 81:2; Isa 30:32

g S Ge 4:21; Jdg 11:34; 21:21; 1Sa 18:6; 2Sa 6:5, 14, 16; Ps 30:11; 149:3; 150:4; SS 6:13; Jer 31:4, 13

h 1Sa 18:7

i Am 2:15; Hag 2:22

j S Ex 14:27

k Ps 78:52

l S Ge 16:7

m Ex 17:1, 3; Nu 20:2, 5; 33:14; Ps 107:5

n Nu 33:8; Ru 1:20

o S Ex 14:12; 16:2; 7:3; Nu 14:2; Jos 9:18; Ps 78:18, 42; 106:13, 25; Eze 16:43

6 15:23 Marah means bitter.

p Mt 6:31

q S Ex 14:10

r 2Ki 2:21; 4:41; 6:6

s S Ge 22:1; Jdg 3:4; Job 23:10; Ps 81:7; Isa 48:10

t Ex 23:22; Dt 11:13; 15:5; 28:1; Jer 11:6

u Ex 19:5–6; 20:2–17; Dt 7:12

v Dt 7:15; 28:27, 58–60; 32:39; 1Sa 5:6; Ps 30:2; 41:3–4; 103:3

w Ex 23:25–26; 2Ki 20:5; Ps 25:11; 103:3; 107:20; Jer 30:17; Hos 11:3

x Nu 33:9

Exodus 16

a Ex 17:1; Nu 33:11, 12

b S Ex 6:6; 12:1–2

c S Ex 15:24; 1Co 10:10

d Ex 17:3; Nu 14:2; 20:3

e Nu 11:4, 34; Dt 12:20; Ps 78:18; 106:14; Jer 44:17

f S Ge 47:15; Dt 8:3

g ver 14–15; Dt 8:3; Ne 9:15; Ps 78:24; 105:40; S Jn 6:31*

h S Ge 22:1

i ver 22; Lev 25:21

j S Ex 6:6

k ver 10; Ex 24:16; 29:43; 33:18, 22; 40:34; Lev 9:6; Nu 16:19, 42; Dt 5:24; 1Ki 8:11; Ps 63:2; Isa 6:3; 35:2; 40:5; 44:23; 60:1; 66:18; Eze 1:28; 10:4; 43:5; Hab 2:14; Hag 2:7; Jn 11:40

l ver 12; Nu 11:1, 18; 14:2, 27, 28; 17:5

m Nu 16:11

n ver 7

o Nu 23:21; Dt 33:5; Jdg 8:23; 1Sa 8:7; 12:12; S Mt 10:40; Ro 13:2; 1Th 4:8

p S ver 7; Jn 11:4

q Ex 13:21; 40:34–35; 1Ki 8:10; 2Ch 7:1; Eze 10:4

r S ver 7

s S Ex 6:2; S 20:2

t Nu 11:31; Ps 78:27–28; 105:40; 106:15

u Nu 11:9

v ver 31; Nu 11:7–9; Dt 8:3, 16; Ps 105:40

w Dt 8:16

x S ver 4; Ne 9:20; S Jn 6:31

y ver 32, 36

1 16:16 That is, possibly about 3 pounds or about 1.4 kilograms; also in verses 18, 32, 33 and 36

z 2Co 8:15*

a ver 23; Ex 12:10

b ver 24

c Ex 32:19

d S ver 5

e Ex 34:31

f S Ge 2:3; S Ex 20:8; Dt 5:13–14

2 16:22 That is, possibly about 6 pounds or about 2.8 kilograms

g ver 23

h Jos 9:14; Ps 78:10; 106:13; 107:11; 119:1; Jer 32:23

3 16:28 The Hebrew is plural.

i S ver 14

4 16:31 Manna sounds like the Hebrew for What is it? (see verse 15).

j Heb 9:4; Rev 2:17

k Ex 25:16, 21, 22; 27:21; 31:18; 40:20; Lev 16:13; Nu 1:50; 7:89; 10:11; 17:4, 10; Dt 10:2; 1Ki 8:9; 2Ch 5:10

l Jn 6:31, 49

m Nu 14:33; 33:38; Dt 1:3; 2:7; 8:2–4; Jos 5:6; Jdg 3:11; Ne 9:21; Ps 95:10; Am 5:25

n Jos 5:12

o S ver 16

p Lev 5:11; 6:20; Nu 5:15; 15:4; 28:5

Exodus 17

a S Ex 16:1

b ver 8; Ex 19:2; Nu 33:15

c Nu 20:5; 21:5; 33:14

d Nu 20:2; 33:14; Ps 107:5

e S Ex 14:12

f Dt 6:16; Ps 78:18, 41; 106:14; Mt 4:7; 1Co 10:9

g S Ex 15:22

h S Ex 15:24

i S Ex 14:11

j Nu 14:10; 1Sa 30:6; S Jn 8:59

k S Ex 4:2; S 10:12–13

l Ex 7:20

m S Ex 3:1

n Nu 20:8

o Nu 20:11; Dt 8:15; Jdg 15:19; 2Ki 3:20; Ne 9:15; Ps 74:15; 78:15–16; 105:41; 107:35; 114:8; Isa 30:25; 35:6; 43:19; 48:21; 1Co 10:4

p Dt 6:16; 9:22; 33:8; Ps 95:8

q Nu 20:13, 24; 27:14; Ps 81:7; 106:32

r S Ge 36:12

1 17:7 Massah means testing.

2 17:7 Meribah means quarreling.

s S ver 1

t Ex 24:13; 32:17; 33:11; Nu 11:28; 27:22; Dt 1:38; Jos 1:1; Ac 7:45

u S Ex 4:17

v ver 10–12; Ex 24:14; 31:2

w Jas 5:16

x Jos 8:26

y ver 8

z Ex 24:4; 34:27; Nu 33:2; Dt 31:9; Job 19:23; Isa 30:8; Jer 36:2; 45:1; 51:60

a Ex 32:33; Dt 29:20; Job 18:17; Ps 9:5; 34:16; 109:15; Eze 18:4

b ver 13; S Ge 36:12; Nu 24:7; Jdg 3:13; 1Sa 30:17–18; Ps 83:7

c S Ge 8:20

d S Ge 22:14

e Nu 24:7; 1Sa 15:8, 32; 1Ch 4:43; Est 3:1; 8:3; 9:24

f Est 9:5

3 17:16 Or to

4 17:16 The meaning of the Hebrew for this clause is uncertain.