NIV Cultural Backgrounds Study Bible

Micah 1

1 1:10 Gath sounds like the Hebrew for tell.

2 1:10 Beth Ophrah means house of dust.

g Jer 14:19

3 1:11 Shaphir means pleasant.

4 1:11 Zaanan sounds like the Hebrew for come out.

h Jer 40:2

i S Jos 10:3

5 1:12 Maroth sounds like the Hebrew for bitter.

j S Ps 9:14

k 2Ki 16:8

l S ver 1

m S Jos 15:44

n Jer 15:18

o Jos 15:44

6 1:14 Akzib means deception.

p S Jos 12:15

q S Lev 13:40; S Job 1:20

7 1:15 Mareshah sounds like the Hebrew for conqueror.

r S Dt 4:27; S Am 5:27

Micah 2

a S Isa 29:20

b Ps 36:4

c Isa 5:8

d S Pr 30:14

e S Jer 22:17

f S 1Sa 8:14; S Isa 1:23; S Eze 46:18

g Jer 18:11; S Am 3:1–2

h Isa 2:12

i S Lev 26:31; S Jer 4:13

j S Jer 6:12

k Dt 32:13; Jos 18:4

l S Nu 34:13

m Ps 44:13; Jer 18:16; 19:8; 25:18; 29:18; Mic 6:16

n S Am 2:12

o S Ps 119:65

p Ps 15:2; 84:11

1 2:7 Or Is the Spirit of the LORD

q Jer 10:20

r S Dt 12:9

s Lev 18:25–29; Ps 106:38–39; S La 4:15

t S 2Ch 36:16; Jer 5:31

u S Lev 10:9

v Isa 30:10

w Mic 4:7; 5:7; 7:18

x S Ne 1:9

y S Isa 52:12

z S Isa 60:11

Micah 3

a S Jer 5:5

b Ps 53:4; S Eze 22:27

c S Ps 14:4

d S Eze 34:4; Zep 3:3

e S Job 24:14

f S Eze 11:7; S 24:4–5

g S Dt 1:45; S 1Sa 8:18; S Isa 58:4; S Jer 11:11

h S Dt 31:17

i S Job 15:31; S Eze 8:18

j S Isa 3:12; S 9:16; S 53:6

k S Jer 4:10

l Isa 8:19–22; S Eze 12:24

m Isa 29:10

n S Eze 7:26; S Am 8:11

o S Jer 6:15; Mic 7:16

p S Isa 44:25

q S Est 6:12

r S Lev 13:45

s S Eze 20:3

t S Isa 57:12; 61:2

u Ps 58:1–2; S Isa 1:23

v S Jer 22:13

w Isa 59:7; Mic 7:2; Na 3:1; Hab 2:12

x Jer 22:17; S Eze 22:27

y S Ex 23:8; S Lev 19:15; Mal 2:9

z S Eze 13:19

a Isa 1:23; S 56:11; Jer 6:13; S La 4:13; S Hos 4:8, 18

b S Isa 10:20

c Jer 7:4; S Eze 34:2

d S 2Ki 25:9; S Isa 6:11

e S Jer 52:13

f S Lev 26:31; S Jer 17:3; S 22:6; S La 5:18; S Eze 5:14

Micah 4

a S Ps 48:1; Zec 8:3

b S Eze 17:22

c S Ps 22:27; 86:9; S Jer 3:17; S 31:12; S Da 2:35

d S Jer 31:6; S Eze 20:40

e Zec 2:11; 14:16

f S Ps 119:171

g Ps 25:8–9; S Isa 54:13

h S Dt 18:18

i S Isa 11:4

j Joel 3:10; Zec 9:10

k S Ps 46:9

l Zec 8:20–22

m S 1Ki 4:25

n S Lev 26:6; S Eze 39:26

o S Isa 1:20

p 2Ki 17:29; Ac 14:16

q Jos 24:14–15; Isa 26:8; Zec 10:12

r S Jer 31:8

s S Ps 106:47

t S Eze 34:13, 16; S 37:21; Zep 3:19

u S Joel 2:32; S Mic 2:12

v S Ge 12:2

w S Isa 2:2

x S Da 2:44; S 7:14; S Lk 1:33; Rev 11:15

y S Isa 1:26

z Zec 9:9

a Jer 8:19

1 4:8 Or hill

b S Ge 3:16; Jer 30:6; 48:41

c S Dt 21:10; 2Ki 20:18; Isa 43:14

2 4:9 Or King

3 4:9 Or Ruler

d S Isa 48:20

e S La 2:16; S Ob 1:12; Mic 7:8

f S Ge 50:20; S Isa 55:8; Ro 11:33–34

g S Isa 21:10

h S Isa 45:1; S Da 2:44

i S Isa 23:18

Micah 5

1 In Hebrew texts 5:1 is numbered 4:14, and 5:2–15 is numbered 5:1–14.

a La 3:30

b S Jn 7:42

c S Ge 35:16; S 48:7

d S Nu 24:19; S 1Sa 13:14; S 2Sa 6:21; S 2Ch 7:18

e Ps 102:25

f Mt 2:6*

g S Jer 7:29

2 5:2 Or rulers

h Isa 40:11; 49:9; S Eze 34:11–15, 23; Mic 7:14

i Isa 52:13; Lk 1:32

j S Isa 9:6; S Lk 2:14; Col 1:19–20

p S Am 5:15; S Mic 2:12

3 5:6 Or crush

4 5:6 Or Nimrod in its gates

q S Ps 133:3

r Isa 44:4

s S Ge 49:9

t Mic 4:13; Zec 10:5

u S Ps 50:22; S Isa 5:29; S Hos 5:14

v S Ps 10:12

w Ex 15:4, 19; S Hos 14:3; Hag 2:22; Zec 9:10

x S Dt 29:23; Isa 6:11

y S La 2:2; S Hos 10:14; Am 5:9

z Dt 18:10–12; Isa 2:6; 8:19

a Na 1:14

b Hos 10:2

c S Isa 2:18; S Eze 6:9; Zec 13:2

d S Ex 34:13; S Jdg 3:7; S 2Ki 17:10

e S Isa 65:12

5 5:14 That is, wooden symbols of the goddess Asherah

Micah 6

a S Ps 50:1; S Eze 6:2

b Dt 32:1

c S Hos 12:2

d S Isa 3:13

e Ps 50:7; S Jer 2:9

f Jer 2:5

g Jer 2:5

h S Ex 3:10; S 6:6

i Dt 7:8

j S Ex 4:16

k S Nu 33:1; Ps 77:20

l S Ex 15:20

m S Nu 22:2

n S Nu 25:1

o S Dt 11:30; Jos 5:9–10

p Jdg 5:11; 1Sa 12:7

q S Ps 95:2

r Ps 40:6–8; 51:16–17

s S Isa 1:11; S 40:16

t Ps 50:8–10

u S Lev 18:21; S 2Ki 3:27

v Hos 5:6; S Am 5:22

w S Isa 1:17; S Jer 22:3

x S 2Ki 22:19; S Isa 57:15

y S Ge 5:22; Dt 10:12–13; 1Sa 15:22; Hos 6:6; Zec 7:9–10; Mt 9:13; 23:23; Mk 12:33; Lk 11:42

z S Ge 17:1; Isa 11:4

1 6:8 Or prudently

a Eze 45:9–10; S Am 3:10; 8:4–6

2 6:9 The meaning of the Hebrew for this line is uncertain.

b S Lev 19:36

3 6:10 An ephah was a dry measure.

c S Dt 25:13

d S Isa 1:23

e S Ps 116:11; Isa 3:8

f S Ps 35:20; S Jer 9:3

g Isa 1:7; 6:11

h S Isa 9:20; S Hos 4:10

4 6:13 Or Therefore, I will make you ill and destroy you; / I will ruin

i Isa 30:6

j S Dt 28:38; Jer 12:13

5 6:14 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.

6 6:14 Or You will press toward birth but not give birth, / and what you bring to birth

k Job 24:11; S Am 5:11; Zep 1:13

l S 1Ki 16:25

m 1Ki 16:29–33

n Jer 7:24

o S Jer 25:9

p S Dt 28:37; S Jer 51:51; S Mic 2:6

7 6:16 Septuagint; Hebrew scorn due my people

Micah 7

a S SS 2:13

b S Ps 12:1

c S Jer 2:29; 8:6

d Ps 10:8

e S Pr 6:17; S Mic 3:10

f S Isa 3:5

g S Jer 5:26

h S Pr 4:16

i S Ex 23:8; S Eze 22:12

j S Nu 33:55; S Eze 2:6

k S 2Sa 23:6

l S Job 31:14; Isa 22:5; S Hos 9:7

m Jer 9:4

n S Eze 22:7

o Mt 10:35–36*; S Mk 13:12

p S Isa 21:8

q Ps 130:5; Isa 25:9

r S Ps 4:3

s S Ps 22:17; S Pr 24:17; S Mic 4:11

t Ps 20:8; 37:24; S Am 9:11

u S 2Sa 22:29; Isa 9:2

v La 3:39–40

w S Ps 119:154

x S Ps 107:10

y Isa 46:13

z S Ps 35:26

a S Ps 42:3

b S Isa 51:23

c S 2Sa 22:43; S Job 40:12; S Isa 5:5; Zec 10:5

d Isa 54:11; S Am 9:11

e S Isa 11:11

f Isa 19:23–25; 60:4

g Isa 3:10–11; S Eze 12:19; S 33:28–29

h S Ps 28:9; S Mic 5:4

i Ps 23:4

j Ps 95:7

k S Isa 33:9

l S SS 4:1; S Jer 50:19

m Eze 36:11

n S Ex 3:20; Ps 78:12

1 7:14 Or in the middle of Carmel

o Isa 26:11

p S Jdg 18:19

q S Ge 3:14

r 2Sa 22:46

s Isa 25:3; 59:19

t S Ex 8:10; S 1Sa 2:2

u S Isa 43:25; S Jer 50:20; Zec 3:4

v S 2Ch 6:21; Ps 103:8–13

w S Joel 2:32; S Am 5:15; S Mic 2:12

x S Ex 34:9

y S Ps 103:9; S Isa 54:9

z S 2Ch 30:9; S Jer 31:20; 32:41; S Eze 18:23

a S Isa 43:25

b S Jer 31:34

c Gal 3:16

d Dt 7:8; Lk 1:72

e Ps 108:4